CN108316893B - Controllable section plug flow generating device - Google Patents
Controllable section plug flow generating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108316893B CN108316893B CN201810210714.3A CN201810210714A CN108316893B CN 108316893 B CN108316893 B CN 108316893B CN 201810210714 A CN201810210714 A CN 201810210714A CN 108316893 B CN108316893 B CN 108316893B
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009491 slugging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a controllable slug flow generating device, which comprises a slug generator and a console, wherein the slug generator comprises a gas phase channel and a gas-liquid mixing channel which are connected between a gas phase inlet and a slug outlet, and the gas phase channel sequentially comprises a first slug cavity and a first quick response valve with in-place signal feedback; the gas-liquid mixing channel sequentially comprises a second quick response valve with in-place signal feedback, a gas-liquid mixer, a second slug chamber, a third quick response valve with in-place signal feedback and a fourth quick response valve with in-place signal feedback which are connected in parallel, and gas flowing out of the second quick response valve with in-place signal feedback and liquid flowing in from the liquid phase inlet are mixed in the gas-liquid mixer; flow regulating valves are respectively arranged at the gas phase inlet and the liquid phase inlet; under the control of the control console to each quick response valve and flow regulating valve, slug flow is formed. The invention relates to a slug flow generating device capable of simulating actual field working conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a controllable section plug flow generating device.
Background
The wet natural gas is a gas-liquid two-phase flow with a gas phase as a continuous phase and a liquid phase as a discrete phase. The gas phase flows in the pipe carrying the liquid phase. In the industrial processes of natural gas collection, transportation and the like, condensate oil, formation water and other liquid media are often accompanied in a pipeline. For a conventional high-pressure gas field, in the wellhead output, in the life cycle of gas well exploitation, the underground pressure is gradually reduced, the liquid carrying capacity of gas is poor, and slug flow is easily formed in the wellhead gas production process. Offshore platforms can also develop severe slugging during production due to the presence of a subsea riser. Slugging can also occur during the transportation of natural gas due to fluctuations in terrain.
The occurrence of slug flow can cause serious harm to production and conveying equipment of a wellhead and even cause unpredictable safety accidents, which are mainly shown in the following steps: (1) influence on the gas production process flow. The occurrence of slug flow is easy to cause high-pressure or high-liquid level alarm of the on-site separator, so that the separation efficiency is reduced; severe slugging can even cause the separator to overflow resulting in direct liquid phase flow into the gas path; (2) influence on the transport system mixing pump. Gas-liquid mixed transportation is adopted in many occasions, the mixed transportation pump can work in an alternating load state for a long time due to frequently generated slug flow, and the meshing screw is overheated due to overlong dry rotation time, so that the service life and the working efficiency of the mixed transportation pump are reduced; (3) influence on the sealing member. The gas-liquid two-phase mixed conveying flow is different from the pure gas-phase conveying or liquid-phase conveying, some special requirements can be provided for sealing elements, the impact load caused by slug flow further worsens the working conditions of the parts, the service life of the sealing elements is influenced, the permanent failure of sealing can be caused, the leakage amount of sealing liquid is increased, and safety accidents can be even caused if the sealing liquid cannot be timely treated; (4) The occurrence of slug flow can also cause the vibration of a mixing delivery pump, an auxiliary pipeline and an instrument, thereby influencing the normal operation of equipment; (5) influence on metering accuracy. Since the presence of slug flow makes the flow in the pipe extremely unstable, the measurement accuracy cannot be guaranteed in this case for multiphase flow meters; the separator cannot guarantee clean separation, so that the metering of the single-phase flowmeter arranged at the downstream is deviated, and trade settlement is influenced.
At present, some companies and institutions at home and abroad research on slug flow measurement, capture and slug flow generation. The mechanism for producing slugging with the device is based on natural flow formation or simulated topographic liquid slugs, requiring pipe lengths of tens to thousands of meters. For example, the length of the outdoor pipelines of the SINTEF test loop in Norway is up to 1000 meters, the horizontal pipe of one pipeline is 400 meters long, and the vertical pipe is 52 meters high [1] (ii) a TUFFP test loop length of 420 m at Tulsa university, USA [1] (ii) a WASP test cycle of UK empire institute of technology and technology 36 m long [1] (ii) a The test loop of the institute of mechanics of the Chinese academy of sciences is 40 meters long [1] (ii) a The test pipeline of China university of Petroleum is 340 meters long [1] (ii) a Test pipeline of French Petroleum institute is 50 meters long [2] (ii) a Patent No. CN2311758Y mentions a principle of time-sharing gating of a plurality of small gas-liquid separators to simulate slug formation [3] It is also mentioned that this design is suitable for vertical pipe flow and not for horizontal pipe flow; the China university of Petroleum also uses the principle of a single separator to design the artificial slug flow [4] The gas is required for a section of vertical climbing process in front of the separatorThe liquid has certain liquid carrying capacity, that is, the flow rate of the gas phase cannot be too small, and meanwhile, the liquid plug is formed and flows down automatically under the action of the gravity of the liquid phase, so that the liquid plug is not controllable. The gas phase flow velocity of the slug flow device formed by natural flow is generally below 4m/s, and slug flow cannot be formed when the gas phase flow velocity is too high; the device for forming slug flow by depending on the topographic factors can achieve larger gas phase flow rate, but the device not only needs a longer straight pipe section but also needs a vertical pipe with a certain height, and the liquid phase blocking phenomenon is easy to occur when the gas phase flow rate is smaller. In summary, experimental devices based on general designs are used to simulate complex conditions in the field, resulting in laboratory designs where the equipment to eliminate or meter slugging is installed in the field pipeline to meet the expected requirements.
Reference:
[1] aged yoga, who is good, slug test research progress [ J ] oil and gas storage and transportation, 2000,19 (12): 32-38.
[2]Vilagines R,Hall A R W.Comparative behaviour of multiphase flowmeter test facilities[J].Oil&Gas Science&Technology,2006,58(58):647-657.
[3] The device for generating the slug and the oil-gas-water three-phase flow measuring device using the same are CN2311758Y [ P ].1999-03-24.
[4] Characteristics of plug flow and liquid plug speed in declined tube segments of Gunn, who is favorable [ J ] chemical engineering, 2016,44 (9): 44-48.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a slug flow generating device which has small floor space, simple construction, controllability and capability of simulating actual site working conditions. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a controllable slug flow generating device comprises a slug generator and a console, wherein the slug generator comprises a gas phase channel and a gas-liquid mixing channel which are connected between a gas phase inlet and a slug outlet, and the gas phase channel sequentially comprises a first slug cavity and a first quick response valve with in-place signal feedback; the gas-liquid mixing channel sequentially comprises a second quick response valve with in-place signal feedback, a gas-liquid mixer, a second slug chamber, a third quick response valve with in-place signal feedback and a fourth quick response valve with in-place signal feedback which are connected in parallel, and gas flowing out of the second quick response valve with in-place signal feedback and liquid flowing in from the liquid phase inlet are mixed in the gas-liquid mixer; under the control of the control console to each quick response valve and flow regulating valve, slug flow is formed.
The length and the caliber of the two slug chambers can be switched. Flow regulating valves should be respectively arranged at the gas phase inlet and the liquid phase inlet; preferably, a first transparent window is provided at the slug outlet and a second transparent window is provided after the second slug chamber.
The invention is designed by combining the characteristics of oil gas well sites and the actual working conditions of transportation, and is not only suitable for newly-built two-phase flow devices, but also suitable for local transformation of the existing two-phase flow devices.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a controllable slug flow generating device and an application scenario thereof.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a slug generator.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of slug formation, where t is 1 、t 3 The time of valve actuation is indicated, i.e. from fully open to fully closed or fully closed to fully open.
The reference numerals are illustrated below:
1. 6: slug chamber with switchable length and caliber
2. 3, 4, 8: quick response valve with in-place signal feedback
5: gas-liquid mixer
7. 9: transparent window
10. 11: flow regulating valve
Telescopic joints with corresponding pipe diameters can be selected and installed at the slug cavity 1 and the slug cavity 6, and the length of the slug can be finely adjusted when the slug is convenient to install. The transparent window 7 and the transparent window 9 can be optionally installed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the invention mainly comprises a slug flow generator and a control console, and the rest parts comprise a standard meter, a fan, a water pump, a gas-liquid separator and the like which are required for completing the integral function of the system in a matching way. The air is sent by a fan, and the liquid is sent by a water pump. The slug flow generator comprises four quick response valves with in-place signal feedback and straight pipe sections of various lengths and different calibers, and is used for realizing slug chambers of different volumes. The resulting slug is sent to a gas-liquid separator via a pipeline. A fast response valve with feedback of the in-position signal is taken as an example for illustration.
The actual operation comprises the following steps:
first, for convenience of the following description, four actions are defined, action a being defined as: the quick response valves 2, 3, 4 and 8 are all opened; action B is defined as: the quick response valves 4 and 8 are opened, and the quick response valves 2 and 3 are closed; action C is defined as: the quick response valves 4 and 8 are closed, and the quick response valves 2 and 3 are opened; action D is defined as: the fast response valves 2, 3, 4, 8 are all closed.
Practical working condition calculation example: assuming that the pipe diameter D is 0.05m under the current working condition and the gas phase inlet flow is 50m 3 H, the equivalent length of the internal liquid storage space and the gas-liquid mixer of the quick response valve body is 4D (0.2 m), the length of a liquid plug is 20D (1 m), the slug frequency is 0.05Hz, and the experiment time is 5min, the parameters required to be set are divided into two parts, the mechanical part adjusts the pipe joints of the slug chamber 1 and the slug chamber 6 in the figure to be 16D (0.8 m), the on-off time interval of the quick response valve is set to be 20s, and the liquid phase inlet flow is set to be 0.353m 3 The experimental time was set at 5min.
Step 1: the action A and the action D are circularly executed for 3 times through the console, and whether the in-place signal of the quick response valve is normal or not is confirmed;
step 2: the flow rate at the inlet of the liquid phase was set to 0.353m 3 H, gas inlet flow rate of 50m 3 /h；
And 3, step 3: firstly, executing action C, and automatically executing action B after the control console times to 20 s; after the timing of the console reaches 40s, executing the action C again, and repeating the steps in a circulating mode until the timing time reaches 5min, and executing the action A;
and 4, step 4: after the setting is finished, the control console automatically executes the tasks of timing, switching and data acquisition, and operators can observe the effect of slug formation at the transparent windows 7 and 9;
and 5: if safety accidents such as overpressure, overrun or blockage occur in the experimental process, the control console can automatically alarm and stop immediately. If the quick response valves 2 and 3 and the quick response valves 4 and 8 cannot be closed at the same time, the control mode adopts interlocking. When the state of the quick response valves is changed, the console firstly inquires the in-place signal condition of each quick response valve, if the current quick response valves 4 and 8 are in an open state and the quick response valves 2 and 3 are in a closed state, the console needs to perform the next action of opening the quick response valves 2 and 3 and closing the quick response valves 4 and 8, but the console can maintain the current states of the quick response valves 4 and 8 and jump to an opening alarm device to prompt an operator to quickly respond to the valve fault when the corresponding in-place signal is not received after the command of opening the quick response valves 2 and 3 is executed.
In the step 3, after the action C is performed, the slug chamber 6 starts to be filled with liquid, at this time, the gas phase enters the transparent window 9 through the slug chamber 1 and the fast response valve 2, at this time, the transparent window 9 is in a pure gas state, the liquid phase enters the slug chamber 6 through the gas-liquid mixer 5, the action B is performed after the timing is reached, at this time, the fast response valves 2 and 3 are closed, the fast response valves 4 and 8 are opened, the gas phase can only flow to the downstream through the fast response valve 4 and the gas-liquid mixer 5, meanwhile, the full pipe liquid in the slug chamber 6 is pushed to flow to the downstream, at this time, the state of the full pipe liquid is seen in the transparent window 9, and the operation is repeated so as to form the slug flow.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) In the aspect of the volume of the device, the length of the straight pipe section or the height of the vertical pipe has no rigid requirement, and the design is compact, so that the space occupied by the device is as small as possible;
(2) The length and the volume of the slug generated by the device are controllable and adjustable, and the slug can be automatically switched;
(3) The frequency and the length of the slug generated by the device are controllable, the required time for forming the slug body is calculated according to the set frequency, the required flow is calculated according to the length, the pipe diameter and the time of the slug body, and the flow can be adjusted through a console;
(4) The device is simple in construction, can be directly transformed on the existing two-phase flow device, saves the cost, and can be added on a newly designed device;
(5) The device is provided with a special upper computer operating system, and an operator can complete all functions including starting test, parameter setting, real-flow calibration, data storage and the like on a console after installing the pipeline.
According to the above embodiment, the diagram of the finally obtained slug flow effect is shown in fig. 3.
Claims (4)
1. A controllable slug flow generating device comprises a slug generator and a console, wherein the slug generator comprises a gas phase channel and a gas-liquid mixing channel which are connected between a gas phase inlet and a slug outlet, and the controllable slug flow generating device is characterized in that the gas phase channel sequentially comprises a first slug cavity and a first quick response valve with in-place signal feedback; the gas-liquid mixing channel sequentially comprises a second quick response valve with in-place signal feedback, a gas-liquid mixer, a second slug chamber, a third quick response valve with in-place signal feedback and a fourth quick response valve with in-place signal feedback which are connected in parallel, and gas flowing out of the second quick response valve with in-place signal feedback and liquid flowing in from the liquid phase inlet are mixed in the gas-liquid mixer; under the control of the control console to each quick response valve and the flow regulating valve, slug flow is formed.
2. A controllable slug flow generating apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the length and size of said two slug chambers can be switched.
3. A controllable slug flow generating apparatus according to claim 1 characterised in that flow regulating valves are provided at the gas phase inlet and the liquid phase inlet respectively.
4. A controllable slug flow generating apparatus according to claim 1 wherein a first transparent window is provided at the slug outlet and a second transparent window is provided after the second slug chamber.
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| CN201810210714.3A CN108316893B (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2018-03-14 | Controllable section plug flow generating device |
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| CN109577928A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-04-05 | 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 | A kind of gas-liquid two-phase injection well head device and method |
| CN110823513A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 天津大学 | Intelligent slug and pseudo-slug generating device and method |
| CN113368725A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-10 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Pipeline fluid flow state generating device and method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9222782D0 (en) * | 1992-10-30 | 1992-12-09 | British Petroleum Co | Apparatus and method for generating slug flow |
| CN2311758Y (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-03-24 | 窦剑文 | Segment plug generator and oil, gas and liquid three-phase flow measuring unit using the same |
| CN107339612A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Measured length constant speed degree liquid plug generating means in a kind of pipeline |
| CN207944918U (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-10-09 | 天津大学 | Controllable type slug flow generating apparatus |
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2018
- 2018-03-14 CN CN201810210714.3A patent/CN108316893B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9222782D0 (en) * | 1992-10-30 | 1992-12-09 | British Petroleum Co | Apparatus and method for generating slug flow |
| CN2311758Y (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-03-24 | 窦剑文 | Segment plug generator and oil, gas and liquid three-phase flow measuring unit using the same |
| CN107339612A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Measured length constant speed degree liquid plug generating means in a kind of pipeline |
| CN207944918U (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-10-09 | 天津大学 | Controllable type slug flow generating apparatus |
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