CN112377358A - 自主水下航行器随体波浪能发电装置 - Google Patents

自主水下航行器随体波浪能发电装置 Download PDF

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CN112377358A
CN112377358A CN202011099171.6A CN202011099171A CN112377358A CN 112377358 A CN112377358 A CN 112377358A CN 202011099171 A CN202011099171 A CN 202011099171A CN 112377358 A CN112377358 A CN 112377358A
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方红伟
张玄杰
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Tianjin University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
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    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/181—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation
    • F03B13/1815—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation with an up-and-down movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/1825—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for 360° rotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2209/00—Energy supply or activating means
    • B63B2209/14—Energy supply or activating means energy generated by movement of the water
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种自主水下航行器随体波浪能发电装置，包括置于航行器机壳内的惯性旋转摆发电机构，设置在航行器两侧的摆翼波浪能发电机构以及机械传动机构和发电机，惯性旋转摆发电机构和摆翼波浪能发电机构两部分的机械传动机构通过差动轮进行动力耦合，差动轮系输出轴连接发电机转子进行发电，其中，惯性旋转摆发电机构包括作为惯性旋转摆的实心球体和旋转轴，惯性摆旋转轴与航行器固定连接，惯性旋转摆实心球体依靠重力作用围绕惯性摆旋转轴旋转，带动旋转轴齿轮转动；摆翼波浪能发电机构包括摆翼和摆翼轴，摆翼绕摆翼轴摆动，带动摆翼齿轮旋转。

Description

自主水下航行器随体波浪能发电装置
技术领域
本发明属于波浪发电领域，具体涉及一种自主水下航行器随体波浪能发电装置。
背景技术
海洋波浪能是海洋能源中蕴藏最丰富、最有开发潜力的能源之一。与其他海洋能源相比，波浪能分布广泛、能源密度高，对其开发利用可以有效缓解能源紧张，是解决世界能源问题的重要途径。波浪能较为广泛的应用在波浪发电领域，发电装置捕获波浪的机械能，通过传动装置转换为液压能再进一步转换为发电机的电能，或者机械能直接转换为发电机的电能。波浪能除了广泛应用在能源事业上，还能有效的应用在小型海洋航行器当中。
水下航行器作为便捷、高效的海洋移动平台，在海洋资源勘探、水下军事侦察、海洋设备监测等领域具有十分重要的意义。目前的自主水下航行器电力来源主要依靠一次电源、蓄电池或者燃料电池。只能维持短暂的工作时间，时常需要回收更换电池，大大降低了航行器的工作效率，且耗费大量的人力物力。一些水下航行器随体波浪发电装置往往只能对单自由度方向波能进行捕获，效率较低，且受环境影响较大，对实现航行器的长续航帮助不大。因此，若能进行多自由度方向波能捕获，提高波能捕获效率，将能大大提高航行器的长续航能力和工作效率，降低成本。
发明内容
本发明针对以上问题，提供了一种自主水下航行器波浪能发电装置，能够实现波浪能多自由度方向的捕获，提高波能捕获效率，实现水下航行器的自由续航。技术方案如下：
一种自主水下航行器随体波浪能发电装置，包括置于航行器机壳内的惯性旋转摆发电机构，设置在航行器两侧的摆翼波浪能发电机构以及机械传动机构和发电机，惯性旋转摆发电机构和摆翼波浪能发电机构两部分的机械传动机构通过差动轮进行动力耦合，差动轮系输出轴连接发电机转子进行发电，其中，
惯性旋转摆发电机构包括作为惯性旋转摆的实心球体和旋转轴，惯性摆旋转轴与航行器固定连接，惯性旋转摆实心球体依靠重力作用围绕惯性摆旋转轴旋转，带动旋转轴齿轮转动，旋转轴齿轮与相交轴锥齿轮啮合，经过棘轮将两个方向的旋转转换为单方向的旋转，再通过飞轮蓄能稳定速度，连接至动力耦合装置差动轮系中；
摆翼波浪能发电机构包括摆翼和摆翼轴，摆翼绕摆翼轴摆动，带动摆翼齿轮旋转，经过棘轮将两方向旋转转换为单方向旋转，再通过飞轮的蓄能和稳速，传入差动轮系；在摆翼后端开设有摆翼滑道，摆翼齿轮侧面设置的摆翼齿轮固件嵌入在摆翼滑道内，齿轮固件可在摆翼滑道内滑动，从而带动摆翼齿轮旋转。
进一步地，摆翼波浪能发电机构还包括用以实现摆翼锁紧与释放的自锁型气弹簧，自锁型气弹簧一端与摆翼的末端固定，另一端航行器固定连接。
所述的差动轮系包括两个输入轴和一个输出轴，摆翼传动部分的输入轴带动太阳轮旋转，惯性旋转摆传动部分的输入轴通过传动齿轮带动齿圈旋转，行星轮将齿圈和太阳轮耦合，通过行星架将合力输入至发电机中。
附图说明
图1为自主水下航行器波浪能发电系统图。
图2为摆翼发电装置图。
图3为单侧摆翼上摆示意图。
图4为单侧摆翼下摆示意图。
图5为差动轮系动力耦合图。
图中各标号表示如下：1为惯性旋转摆实心球体，2为旋转轴，3为摆翼齿轮，4为棘轮，5为飞轮，6为差动轮系，7为发电机，8为摆翼轴，9为摆翼，10为旋转轴齿轮，11为相交轴锥齿轮，12为航行器壳体，13为自锁型气弹簧，14为摆翼滑道，15为摆翼齿轮侧面固件，16为摆翼传动输入轴，17为惯性旋转摆传动输入轴，18为齿圈，19为行星轮，20为行星架，21为太阳轮，22为传动齿轮，23为输出轴。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。此处所描述的具体实施例方式仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围。
图1是自主水下航行器波浪能发电系统图，包括惯性旋转摆发电部分，摆翼发电部分，机械传动机构，动力耦合差动轮系和发电机。
图1中惯性旋转摆发电机构中的旋转轴2连接在自主水下航行器内，与航行器保持相对静止，具体的，它包括连接航行器壳体的静止支撑部分和与惯性旋转摆实心球体1相接的能够旋转部分。
实心球体1能够绕旋转轴2旋转，旋转平面与旋转轴2垂直，当航行器发生纵摇或横摇两自由度方向运动时，旋转轴2倾斜，实心球体1依靠重力作用旋转，带动旋转轴齿轮10转动。进一步的，旋转轴齿轮10带动与之啮合的相交轴锥齿轮11旋转，通过棘轮4将两个方向的旋转转换为单方向旋转，经过飞轮5的蓄能和稳速，传入差动轮系6内。
图1中摆翼9可绕摆翼轴8摆动做杠杆运动。所述的摆翼轴8固定在航行器主壳体12上。当航行器在水面或近水面发生垂荡方向运动时，摆翼9随波浪摆动，带动摆翼齿轮3旋转，通过棘轮4将两方向旋转转换为单方向旋转，经过飞轮5的蓄能和稳速，传入差动轮系6中。
所述的摆翼齿轮3如图2中所示，摆翼在机壳内的部分开有滑道14，摆翼齿轮侧面有固定的摆翼齿轮固件15嵌入在摆翼滑道14内。具体的，当摆翼随波上下摆动时，齿轮固件可在摆翼滑道内滑动，从而带动摆翼齿轮3旋转。
如图3所示，当受到波浪力作用，摆翼9在机壳外的部分上摆，摆翼齿轮3上的固件15能够在摆翼滑道14上滑动，从而使齿轮顺时针旋转。同样的，在图4中，摆翼9在机壳外的部分下摆时，摆翼齿轮3逆时针旋转。
图2中为避免航行器在水下作业时，摆翼上下摆动对航行器航行造成影响。在水下作业状态下，通过自锁型气弹簧13将摆翼9锁定。具体的，自锁型气弹簧13一端与摆翼9在机壳内的末端固定，另一端与壳体12固定，当水下作业时，自锁型气弹簧锁紧，摆翼锁定。
图5为图1中差动轮系6对应的动力耦合图。其中有两部分输入，一部分输出。分别为摆翼传动输入轴16，惯性旋转摆传动输入轴17和与发电机转子相连的输出轴23。
所述的摆翼传动输入轴16与太阳轮21相接，带动其旋转。所述的惯性旋转摆传动输入轴17通过传动齿轮22与差动轮系齿圈18耦合，带动齿圈18旋转。行星轮19与齿圈18和太阳轮21相耦合，将两部分合力耦合到行星架20，进而传递给输出轴23为发电机提供原动力。

Claims (3)

1.一种自主水下航行器随体波浪能发电装置，包括置于航行器机壳内的惯性旋转摆发电机构，设置在航行器两侧的摆翼波浪能发电机构以及机械传动机构和发电机，惯性旋转摆发电机构和摆翼波浪能发电机构两部分的机械传动机构通过差动轮进行动力耦合，差动轮系输出轴连接发电机转子进行发电。其中，
惯性旋转摆发电机构包括作为惯性旋转摆的实心球体和旋转轴，惯性摆旋转轴与航行器固定连接，惯性旋转摆实心球体依靠重力作用围绕惯性摆旋转轴旋转，带动旋转轴齿轮转动，旋转轴齿轮与相交轴锥齿轮啮合，经过棘轮将两个方向的旋转转换为单方向的旋转，再通过飞轮蓄能稳定速度，连接至动力耦合装置差动轮系中；
摆翼波浪能发电机构包括摆翼和摆翼轴，摆翼绕摆翼轴摆动，带动摆翼齿轮旋转，经过棘轮将两方向旋转转换为单方向旋转，再通过飞轮的蓄能和稳速，传入差动轮系；在摆翼后端开设有摆翼滑道，摆翼齿轮侧面设置的摆翼齿轮固件嵌入在摆翼滑道内，齿轮固件可在摆翼滑道内滑动，从而带动摆翼齿轮旋转。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发电装置，其特征在于，摆翼波浪能发电机构还包括用以实现摆翼锁紧与释放的自锁型气弹簧，自锁型气弹簧一端与摆翼的末端固定，另一端航行器固定连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的发电装置，其特征在于，所述的差动轮系包括两个输入轴和一个输出轴，摆翼传动部分的输入轴带动太阳轮旋转，惯性旋转摆传动部分的输入轴通过传动齿轮带动齿圈旋转，行星轮将齿圈和太阳轮耦合，通过行星架将合力输入至发电机中。
CN202011099171.6A 2020-10-14 2020-10-14 自主水下航行器随体波浪能发电装置 Pending CN112377358A (zh)

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