CN112376586A - Slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure and method - Google Patents
Slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112376586A CN112376586A CN202011337381.4A CN202011337381A CN112376586A CN 112376586 A CN112376586 A CN 112376586A CN 202011337381 A CN202011337381 A CN 202011337381A CN 112376586 A CN112376586 A CN 112376586A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure and a reinforcing method, relates to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, and is mainly used for solving the problems that the existing slope lattice engineering is damaged due to the action of surface water and the environment is greatly damaged in the construction process. The structure includes: the transverse grouting body groups and the longitudinal grouting body groups are arranged in a crossed mode to form a reinforcing frame; the transverse grouting body group and the longitudinal grouting body group comprise sequentially arranged grouting bodies, and the grouting bodies penetrate through the superficial loose bodies and extend to the sliding bed. The slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure and the reinforcing method provided by the invention have the advantages of good reinforcing effect, convenience in construction and small damage to the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, in particular to a slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure and a reinforcing method.
Background
The mountainous and hills in China account for over 2/3 of the total area of the land, and are one of the countries with most frequent occurrence of slope disasters in the world, especially in western regions such as Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan and the like, and a large number of unstable slopes with serious potential safety hazards exist in traffic trunks, scenic spots and urban landscaping regions.
At present, slope management measures are generally divided into two types: one is a load reduction measure, which comprises the steps of reducing weight above a landslide, weighting below the landslide and doing drainage engineering on the rear part of the landslide, additionally arranging a waterproof protective surface and the like; the other is a supporting and retaining reinforcement measure, which comprises retaining wall reinforcement, anti-slide piles, anchor cables and anchor rods, sprayed concrete reinforcement and the like. The second kind of reinforcement measures are the first considered measures in landslide control because of quick effect, safety and reliability in landslide stabilization. With the development of the design theory of the retaining structure, the retaining reinforcement measures are developed towards the composite type, light, small and mechanical construction direction, and the concrete lattice is the retaining reinforcement measure developed according to the trend.
Over time, existing lattice engineering has developed more and more "lesions", breaks, and even complete failures. The stress characteristic of the soil body of the side slope can be changed after the surface water acts on the side slope, and the stress of the lattice beam is changed through bulging and soil body loss, so that the lattice beam is hollowed, and is wholly frustrated or stress is concentrated to cause bending shear damage of the lattice beam.
On the other hand, the existing lattice engineering construction needs slope surface arrangement and excavation, and the environment around the slope body and the damage of vegetation are increased. Therefore, how to further optimize the design of the reinforcing structure and the reinforcing method for the loose bodies on the shallow surface of the side slope in the traffic trunk line, scenic spot and urban area is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure which has the advantages of good reinforcing effect, convenience in construction and small environmental damage.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for reinforcing the above-mentioned reinforced structure.
The technical scheme for solving the former technical problem of the invention is as follows: a side slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure comprises a plurality of rows of mutually parallel transverse grouting body groups and a plurality of rows of mutually parallel longitudinal grouting body groups, wherein the transverse grouting body groups and the longitudinal grouting body groups are arranged in a crossed mode to form a reinforcing frame; the horizontal grouting body group and the longitudinal grouting body group both comprise at least one row of grouting bodies which are arranged in sequence, and the grouting bodies penetrate through the superficial layer loose bodies and extend to the sliding bed along the direction perpendicular to the slope surface.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the reinforcing frame includes four rows of mutually parallel transverse grout groups and four rows of mutually parallel longitudinal grout groups, and the transverse grout groups and the longitudinal grout groups are arranged crosswise in a lattice form to form a rectangular natural lattice with a lattice network degree of 3 × 3.
As a further improvement of the invention, the distance between the adjacent transverse grouting body groups is 1-2 m, and the distance between the adjacent longitudinal grouting body groups is 1-2 m.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the transverse grouting group and the longitudinal grouting group each include two rows of sequentially arranged grouting bodies.
As a further improvement of the invention, the grouting body comprises a steel floral tube, the interior of the steel floral tube is filled with mortar, and the exterior of the steel floral tube is coated with the mortar.
As a further improvement of the invention, the side wall of the steel perforated pipe is provided with a plurality of groups of grouting holes arranged along the extension direction of the steel perforated pipe.
As a further improvement of the invention, the grouting hole groups comprise two grouting holes which are arranged on two sides of the steel perforated pipe and are oppositely arranged, and the grouting holes of two adjacent grouting hole groups are arranged in a staggered manner.
As a further improvement of the invention, the pipe diameter of the steel perforated pipe is 25-100 mm, and the pipe length is 2-4 m; the distance between adjacent grouting hole groups is 20-40 cm, and the diameter of each grouting hole is 8-25 mm.
The technical scheme for solving the second technical problem of the invention is as follows: a slope shallow surface layer loose body natural lattice reinforcing method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a surveying and designing stage:
s1, aiming at the shallow surface loose body of the specific side slope, determining the physical and mechanical parameters and the depth of the shallow surface loose body (2) and the area of the shallow surface loose body through field investigation;
s2, determining the strength of the cement mortar according to a field test, and determining the diffusion radius of the cement mortar;
s3, determining the distance and the row spacing of the grouting bodies according to the loose volume area of the shallow surface layer and the diffusion radius of cement mortar, and calculating the number N of drilled holes; ,
s4, preparing cement mortar by combining the physical and mechanical parameters of the loose body on the shallow surface layer, and selecting a corresponding grouting process;
secondly, field construction:
s1, pile positions are released according to the distance and the row pitch required by the design, and the error of the pile distance is +/-100 mm;
s2, selecting a proper drilling machine to drill holes, wherein the deflection size of the drilled holes is less than or equal to 1% of the total length;
s3, manufacturing a steel floral tube, processing the soil-entering end of the steel floral tube into a pile tip shape, then aligning the steel floral tube with a drilled hole according to the design angle and position, and then striking the steel floral tube into the soil to the design length;
and S4, injecting the prepared cement mortar into the steel perforated pipe from the upper end of the steel perforated pipe through a grouting machine, and finishing the construction of the grouting body.
As a further improvement of the invention, pure cement mortar with the water-cement ratio of 0.5-0.8 is selected as the cement mortar, and the grouting pressure is more than or equal to 0.6 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure and the reinforcing method have the advantages that:
1. the slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure comprises a plurality of rows of mutually parallel transverse grouting body groups and a plurality of rows of mutually parallel longitudinal grouting body groups, wherein the transverse grouting body groups and the longitudinal grouting body groups are arranged in a crossed mode to form a reinforcing frame. The transverse grouting body group and the longitudinal grouting body group both comprise at least one row of grouting bodies which are arranged in sequence, and the grouting bodies penetrate through the superficial layer loose bodies along the direction vertical to the slope surface and extend to the slide bed. In the reinforced structure, a grouting mode is adopted, and a reinforced frame only consisting of a plurality of grouting bodies is arranged on the side slope. The reinforcement of the loose bodies on the shallow surface layer of the side slope can be finished only by adopting a mode of forming a grouting body through pressure grouting. Therefore, the reinforced structure has the advantages of simple and convenient construction. Meanwhile, the whole reinforcing structure only consists of the grouting bodies which are independent one by one and penetrate into the sliding bed, so that the reinforcing structure is slightly influenced by surface water, and the conditions of failure and damage cannot easily occur. Compared with the existing lattice engineering which is arranged on the surface of the side slope and is easy to accumulate water, the reinforced concrete drainage structure has the advantages of good reinforcing effect and obvious drainage effect. In addition, in the construction process, large-area arrangement and excavation on the slope surface are not needed, so that the reinforced structure is friendly to the slope body and the surrounding environment, and the surrounding environment cannot be changed and damaged.
2. Adopt this reinforced structure to consolidate the side slope, belong to nature lattice and consolidate, have economic investment concurrently and characteristics such as little, reinforcement and drainage effect are showing, coordinate with natural environment mutually.
3. The grouting body comprises a steel floral tube, the inside of the steel floral tube is filled with mortar, and the outside of the steel floral tube is coated with the mortar. The side wall of the steel perforated pipe is provided with a plurality of groups of grouting holes arranged along the extension direction of the steel perforated pipe. The cement mortar overflowing from the grouting hole group can be mixed with the loose bodies outside the steel perforated pipe under the action of grouting pressure. When the cement mortar is solidified, the loose bodies outside the steel perforated pipe and the cement mortar outside the steel perforated pipe can be combined to form mortar body. At this time, the solidified mortar inside the steel flower tube and the external mortar form an integral structure. In this way, the grouting body can integrate the loose bodies around the grouting body with the grouting body, and the aim of preventing the loose bodies from losing is fulfilled. Therefore, through the reinforcing frame consisting of a plurality of grouting bodies, the loose body on the shallow surface layer in one area can be fixed on the sliding bed, and further, the occurrence of slope disasters such as landslide and debris flow is avoided.
4. The grouting hole groups comprise two opposite grouting holes arranged on two sides of the steel perforated pipe, and the grouting holes of two adjacent grouting hole groups are arranged in a staggered mode. The grouting holes are formed in such a way, so that cement mortar can overflow from the steel perforated pipe to the periphery, and the fastening effect of the mortar body on loose bodies in all directions is further guaranteed.
The invention will become more apparent from the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the inventive grouting body.
Wherein: 1-sliding bed; 2-superficial loose surface body; 3-grouting; 4-steel floral tubes; 5-slurry overflow hole; 6-mortar body.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-2, the slope shallow surface layer loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure disclosed by the invention comprises a plurality of rows of mutually parallel transverse grouting groups and a plurality of rows of mutually parallel longitudinal grouting groups, wherein the transverse grouting groups and the longitudinal grouting groups are arranged in a crossed manner to form a reinforcing frame. The transverse grouting body group and the longitudinal grouting body group both comprise at least one row of grouting bodies 3 which are arranged in sequence, and the grouting bodies 3 penetrate through the superficial layer loose body 2 along the direction vertical to the slope surface and extend to the slide bed 1.
In the reinforced structure, a grouting mode is adopted, and a reinforced frame consisting of a plurality of grouting bodies 3 is arranged on the side slope. The reinforcement of the loose bodies on the shallow surface layer of the side slope can be finished only by adopting a mode of forming a grouting body through pressure grouting. Therefore, the reinforced structure has the advantages of simple and convenient construction. Meanwhile, the whole reinforcing structure only consists of the grouting bodies 3 which are independent one by one and extend into the slide bed, so that the reinforcing structure is slightly influenced by surface water, and the conditions of failure and damage cannot easily occur. Compared with the existing lattice engineering which is arranged on the surface of the side slope and is easy to accumulate water, the reinforced concrete drainage structure has the advantages of good reinforcing effect and obvious drainage effect. In addition, in the construction process, large-area arrangement and excavation on the slope surface are not needed, so that the reinforced structure is friendly to the slope body and the surrounding environment, and the surrounding environment cannot be changed and damaged.
The reinforcing frame comprises four rows of parallel transverse grouting body groups and four rows of parallel longitudinal grouting body groups, the transverse grouting body groups and the longitudinal grouting body groups are arranged in a latticed crossing mode to form a rectangular natural latticed structure with the latticed degree of 3 x 3. Adopt this reinforced structure to consolidate the side slope, belong to nature lattice and consolidate, have economic investment concurrently and characteristics such as little, reinforcement and drainage effect are showing, coordinate with natural environment mutually. In the embodiment, the distance between the adjacent transverse grouting body groups is 1-2 m, and the distance between the adjacent longitudinal grouting body groups is 1-2 m. And, the horizontal grout group and the vertical grout group both include two rows of sequentially arranged grout 3.
Specifically, with respect to the specific structure of the grout 3, the grout 3 includes a steel ferrule 4. The inside mortar body 6 that is filled with of steel floral tube 4, the outside cladding of steel floral tube 4 has mortar body 6. The side wall of the steel perforated pipe 4 is provided with a plurality of groups of grouting holes arranged along the extension direction. The cement mortar overflowing from the grouting hole group can be mixed with the loose bodies outside the steel perforated pipe 4 under the action of grouting pressure. When the cement mortar is solidified, the loose bodies outside the steel perforated pipe 4 and the cement mortar outside the steel perforated pipe 4 can be combined to form the mortar body 6. At this time, the solidified mortar body 6 inside the steel flower tube 4 is also integrated with the mortar body 6 outside.
In this way, the slip body 3 integrates the surrounding loose bodies with itself, and serves the purpose of preventing the loose bodies from running off. Therefore, the reinforcing frame consisting of a plurality of grouting bodies 3 can fix the loose body 2 with the shallow surface layer in one area on the sliding bed 1, thereby avoiding the occurrence of slope disasters such as landslide and debris flow.
In this embodiment, the grouting hole groups include two grouting holes 5 disposed on two sides of the steel perforated pipe 4, and the grouting holes 5 of two adjacent grouting hole groups are disposed in a staggered manner. The grouting holes 5 are arranged in such a way, so that cement mortar can overflow from the steel perforated pipe 4 to the periphery, and the fastening effect of the mortar body 6 on loose bodies in all directions is further ensured.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the pipe diameter of the steel perforated pipe 4 is 25-100 mm, and the pipe length is 2-4 m; the distance between adjacent grouting hole groups is 20-40 cm, and the diameter of the grouting hole 5 is 8-25 mm.
In addition, regarding how to construct, the embodiment also discloses a method for reinforcing the natural lattice of the loose body on the shallow surface layer of the side slope, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, a surveying and designing stage:
s1, aiming at the shallow surface loose body 2 of the specific side slope, determining the physical and mechanical parameters and the depth of the shallow surface loose body 2 and the area of the shallow surface loose body 2 through field investigation;
s2, determining the strength, permeability coefficient k and grouting pressure h of cement mortar according to field test1Radius r of grouting hole0Grouting time t; determining the diffusion radius of cement mortar according to the viscosity ratio beta of the slurry;
s3, determining the distance and the row spacing of the grouting body 3 according to the area of the loose body 2 on the shallow surface layer and the diffusion radius of cement mortar, and calculating the number N of drilled holes; ,
s4, preparing cement mortar by combining the physical and mechanical parameters of the loose body 2 on the shallow surface layer, and selecting a corresponding grouting process;
secondly, field construction:
s1, pile positions are released according to the distance and the row pitch required by the design, and the error of the pile distance is +/-100 mm;
s2, selecting a proper drilling machine to drill holes, wherein the deflection size of the drilled holes is less than or equal to 1% of the total length;
s3, manufacturing a steel floral tube 4, processing the soil-entering end of the steel floral tube 4 into a pile tip shape, then aligning the steel floral tube 4 to a drilled hole according to the design angle and position, and then striking the steel floral tube 4 into the soil to the design length;
and S4, injecting the prepared cement mortar into the steel perforated pipe 4 from the upper end of the steel perforated pipe 4 through a grouting machine, and finishing the construction of the grouting body 3.
In the embodiment, the cement mortar is pure cement mortar with a water cement ratio of 0.5-0.8, and the grouting pressure is more than or equal to 0.6 MPa.
In the technical scheme, the reinforcing structure is a natural lattice and comprises grouting bodies 3 which are arranged in a single-row (row) or multiple-row (row) side-by-side (row) lattice mode, wherein the grouting bodies 3 comprise steel perforated pipes 4 provided with grout overflow holes 5 and mortar bodies 6 injected into the inside and the outside of the steel perforated pipes.
Besides, the reinforcing structure is constructed on the side slope again, in addition, in the area with pathological changes, damage and even complete failure of the lattice engineering, drilling holes and grouting can be carried out along the longitudinal and transverse bidirectional adhesive bands of the primary side slope lattice, and the reinforcement of loose bodies on the shallow surface layer of the side slope of the conventional lattice engineering is completed, so that the slope protection effect of the primary side slope lattice is achieved.
The present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above, and is intended to cover various modifications, equivalent combinations, which are made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A side slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of rows of mutually parallel transverse grouting body groups and a plurality of rows of mutually parallel longitudinal grouting body groups, wherein the transverse grouting body groups and the longitudinal grouting body groups are arranged in a crossed mode to form a reinforcing frame; the horizontal grouting body group and the longitudinal grouting body group both comprise at least one row of grouting bodies (3) which are arranged in sequence, and the grouting bodies (3) penetrate through the superficial layer loose bodies (2) in the direction perpendicular to the slope surface and extend to the sliding bed (1).
2. The slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reinforcing frame comprises four rows of mutually parallel transverse grouting groups and four rows of mutually parallel longitudinal grouting groups, the transverse grouting groups and the longitudinal grouting groups are arranged crosswise in a lattice form to form a rectangular natural lattice with a lattice degree of 3 x 3.
3. The slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the distance between adjacent transverse grouting body groups is 1-2 m, and the distance between adjacent longitudinal grouting body groups is 1-2 m.
4. A slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the transverse grouting group and the longitudinal grouting group both comprise two rows of grouting bodies (3) arranged in sequence.
5. The slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure is characterized in that the grouting body (3) comprises a steel perforated pipe (4), the inside of the steel perforated pipe (4) is filled with mortar body (6), and the outside of the steel perforated pipe (4) is coated with the mortar body (6).
6. The slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure is characterized in that a plurality of groups of grouting holes are formed in the side wall of the steel perforated pipe (4) along the extending direction of the steel perforated pipe.
7. The slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure is characterized in that the grouting hole groups comprise two opposite grouting holes (5) arranged on two sides of the steel perforated pipe (4), and the grouting holes (5) of two adjacent grouting hole groups are arranged in a staggered mode.
8. The slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing structure is characterized in that the pipe diameter of the steel perforated pipe (4) is 25-100 mm, and the pipe length is 2-4 m; the distance between adjacent grouting hole groups is 20-40 cm, and the diameter of each grouting hole (5) is 8-25 mm.
9. A slope shallow surface layer loose body natural lattice reinforcing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, a surveying and designing stage:
s1, aiming at the shallow surface loose body (2) of the specific side slope, determining the physical and mechanical parameters and the depth of the shallow surface loose body (2) and the area of the shallow surface loose body (2) through field investigation;
s2, determining the strength of the cement mortar according to a field test, and determining the diffusion radius of the cement mortar;
s3, determining the distance and the row spacing of the grouting bodies (3) according to the area of the loose body (2) on the shallow surface layer and the diffusion radius of cement mortar, and calculating the number N of drilled holes; ,
s4, preparing cement mortar by combining the physical and mechanical parameters of the superficial layer loose body (2), and selecting a corresponding grouting process;
secondly, field construction:
s1, pile positions are released according to the distance and the row pitch required by the design, and the error of the pile distance is +/-100 mm;
s2, selecting a proper drilling machine to drill holes, wherein the deflection size of the drilled holes is less than or equal to 1% of the total length;
s3, manufacturing a steel floral tube (4), processing the soil-entering end of the steel floral tube (4) into a pile tip shape, then aligning and drilling the steel floral tube (4) according to the design angle and position, and then striking the steel floral tube (4) into soil to the design length;
and S4, injecting the prepared cement mortar into the steel perforated pipe (4) from the upper end of the steel perforated pipe (4) through a grouting machine, and finishing the construction of the grouting body (3).
10. The slope shallow surface loose body natural lattice reinforcing method according to claim 9, characterized in that pure cement mortar with a water-cement ratio of 0.5-0.8 is selected as the cement mortar, and the grouting pressure is not less than 0.6 MPa.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113006104A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-22 | 许昌学院 | Soil slope reinforcing method |
| CN113186951A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-30 | 西藏农牧学院 | Ecological reinforcing method for loose coarse-grained mixed soil slope |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113006104A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-22 | 许昌学院 | Soil slope reinforcing method |
| CN113186951A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-30 | 西藏农牧学院 | Ecological reinforcing method for loose coarse-grained mixed soil slope |
| CN113186951B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-10-14 | 西藏农牧学院 | Ecological reinforcing method for loose coarse-grained mixed soil slope |
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Application publication date: 20210219 |
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