CN112376315B - 一种胶版印刷纸及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种胶版印刷纸及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112376315B
CN112376315B CN202011251284.3A CN202011251284A CN112376315B CN 112376315 B CN112376315 B CN 112376315B CN 202011251284 A CN202011251284 A CN 202011251284A CN 112376315 B CN112376315 B CN 112376315B
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袁宪澄
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Jinan Senruida Paper Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种胶版印刷纸及其制备方法，属于造纸技术领域，其制备方法为：在短纤维木浆中加入助剂，搅拌均匀后加入交联剂，升温至50~60℃。搅拌反应30‑50min，得交联的短纤维木浆；将长纤维木浆、填料和施胶剂加入到交联的短纤维木浆中，混合均匀后得混合木浆；混合木浆抄造制纸，得胶版印刷纸。本发明制备的胶版印刷纸通过将多短径纤维进行交联改进，并加入了与纤维结构相类似助剂，调整短径纤维和长径纤维的比例，加入氧化淀粉作为胶黏剂，提高了纸张的质量，实现了胶版印刷纸的表面强度的提高，并有效降低了印刷过程中掉毛、掉粉问题的发生。

Description

一种胶版印刷纸及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于造纸技术领域，具体涉及一种胶版印刷纸及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济的发展，我国造纸和印刷业都有了很大的进步，两行业之间的合作和交流也越来越紧密。印刷纸按印刷方法来分分为凸版印刷纸、胶版印刷纸、高级光泽卡纸、新闻纸等，其中胶版印刷纸用途十分广泛，如彩色图片。画报、包装商标、精制印刷品、还有教科书等也为胶版印刷纸，是目前印刷业中应用最多的纸种之一。实践证明，在印刷过程中胶版印刷纸经常会发生掉毛掉粉的问题，在机械力的作用下从纸面或边缘脱落下细小纤维、碎屑、填料粒子、施胶剂或颜料粒子等，当纸的表面张力小于外界机械作用力（如摩擦、粘附等）时就会产生这种现象。纸页表面的纤维毛和填料等被粘下来后，纸面上应有油墨的地方留下来斑点，粘下来的纤维毛、填料等会堵塞印版铅字，造成糊版。印版上的油墨转移到墨汁上又污染油墨，使得后面要印刷的纸页上印出围绕白圈的油墨点。这不仅影响印刷质量，而且随着印刷的进行，堆积在印版上的纸毛纸粉越来越高，最终会导致停机刷版，降低印刷效率，甚至毁掉印刷机械。
造纸厂通常以表面强度指标来表征印刷掉粉掉毛的强弱，掉毛、掉粉问题的主要原因是纸页的表面强度低，主要是纸页表面的细小纤维和填料与主体纤维结合不牢，经过外力摩擦，从纸面脱落造成的。所以要控制和改进掉毛、掉粉现象首先要从改进纸的表面强度着手。因此，增加长纤维的比例，可以增大剥离的阻力，减轻掉毛掉粉的程度。增加长纤维比例通常是通过在配抄时增加木浆用料和化学浆配比来实现的。例如再生新闻纸过去采用100%旧报纸，但现在改为90%旧报纸和10%书刊纸以增加化学浆的比例，10%木浆和90%草浆，长纤维比例的增加，长短纤维混合，改善了纸张纤维混合，改善了纸张纤间的结合效果，提高纸页紧度和强度，降低印刷中国掉毛和掉粉现象。另外，纸张的水分、紧度。纤维组成及纤维长度等都会对胶版印刷纸的表面强度及掉粉掉毛产生不同程度的影响。
在纤维配比方面，理想的方式是增加长纤维的用量，它对于改进表面强度和改善掉粉的作用无疑是明显的，短纤维浆通常使用较为便宜的进口阔叶浆，成本有较大的优势。考虑到成本的问题，长纤维被迫要减少用量，但配比过低会使掉毛、掉粉现象变的无法控制。因此，务必要对造纸原料和造纸工艺进行改进，以提高胶版印刷纸的表面强度，减少掉毛、掉粉现象的发生。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的胶版印刷纸表面强度低、印刷过程中容易出现掉粉、掉毛的问题，本发明提供了一种胶版印刷纸及其制备方法，该胶版印刷纸通过将短径纤维进行交联改进，加入了与纤维结构相类似助剂，并调整短径纤维和长径纤维的比例，增加了胶版印刷纸的表面强度，减少了掉粉、掉毛现象的发生。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种胶版印刷纸的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）在短纤维木浆中加入助剂，搅拌均匀后加入交联剂，升温至50~60℃，搅拌反应30-50min，得交联的短纤维木浆；
（2）将长纤维木浆、填料和施胶剂加入到步骤（1）中交联的短纤维木浆中，混合均匀后得混合木浆；
（3）将步骤（2）中的混合木浆抄造制纸，得胶版印刷纸。
进一步地，步骤（1）中所述的短纤维木浆为阔叶纤维木浆；所述的长纤维木浆为针叶纤维木浆；所述的助剂为阳离子淀粉和/壳聚糖。
进一步地，步骤（1）中所述的交联剂为三偏磷酸钠、三氯氧磷、乙二酐和氯甲代一氧丙环的一种以上。
进一步地，步骤（2）中所述的填料为滑石粉、二氧化钛和碳酸钙中的一种以上；所述的施胶剂为氧化淀粉。
进一步地，步骤（1）中所述的长纤维木浆绝干质量为短纤维木浆绝干质量的15～30%。
进一步地，步骤（1）中所述的短纤维木浆干质量浓度为6~8%；所述的长纤维木浆的质量浓度为3~5%。
进一步地，步骤（1）中所述的助剂为短纤维木浆干量的3~5%；所述的交联剂的添加量为短纤维木浆干量的0.8~1.2%。
进一步地，步骤（2）中所述填料的加入量为混合木浆干量的10~15%；所述的施胶剂的加入量为混合木浆质量的3~5%。
进一步地，利用本发明方法制备得到的制备方法制备得到的胶版印刷纸。
本发明中在短纤维木浆中加入了阳离子淀粉或壳聚糖，淀粉的化学结构式和纤维素极为相似，与纤维素之间具有良好的亲和性，将通过加入交联剂发生反应，增加了短纤维木浆中纤维链的长度及氢键的数量，与长纤维木浆结合时结合力更强，且增加了短径纤维在制备完整纸张的附着力，在一定程度上增强了胶版印刷纸的表面强度，也减少了掉粉、掉毛现象的发生。
本发明中以氧化淀粉为胶黏剂，可以在纸页表面形成一层类似耐磨性质的膜状胶体，提高纸张表面的光滑度，增加纸张的表面强度，而且直接加入到浆料中，具有一定的内部施胶作用，能够将填料固定在纸张内部，防止因填料脱落造成的掉毛掉粉问题。
有益效果
（1）本发明制备的胶版印刷纸通过将多短径纤维进行交联改进，并加入了与纤维结构相类似助剂，调整短径纤维和长径纤维的比例，加入氧化淀粉作为胶黏剂，提高了纸张的质量，实现了胶版印刷纸的表面强度的提高，并有效降低了印刷过程中掉毛、掉粉问题的发生；
（2）本发明通过对短径纤维浆进行改性，可以减少长径纤维浆的加入量，各类成分及制备方法简单，既降低了生产成本，又提高了造纸效率。
具体实施方式
为了进一步理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明优选实施方案进行描述，但是应当理解，这些描述只是进一步说明本发明的特征及优点，而不是对本发明进行限制。
本发明实施例中使用的阔叶纤维木浆为进口桉树木浆，针叶纤维木浆为松木木浆。
实施例1
（1）向打浆后质量百分浓度为6%的阔叶纤维木浆中加入阳离子淀粉，阳离子淀粉的加入量为阔叶纤维木浆干量的4%，搅拌均匀，然后加入质量为阔叶纤维木浆干量1%的三氯氧磷，搅拌升温至55℃，反应40min，得交联的阔叶纤维木浆；
（2）将打浆后质量百分浓度为3.5%的针叶纤维木浆、二氧化钛和氧化淀粉依次加入到步骤（1）中交联的短纤维木浆中，混合均匀后得混合木浆，其中针叶纤维木浆干基质量为针叶纤维木浆干基质量的20%，二氧化钛的加入量占混合木浆干量的12%，氧化淀粉的加入量为混合木浆干量的4%；
（3）将步骤（2）中的混合木浆抄造制纸，得胶版印刷纸。
实施例2
（1）向打浆后质量百分浓度为8%的阔叶纤维木浆中加入壳聚糖，阳离子淀粉的加入量为阔叶纤维木浆干量的5%，搅拌均匀，然后加入质量为阔叶纤维木浆干量1.2%的乙二酐，搅拌升温至50℃，反应50min，得交联的阔叶纤维木浆；
（2）将打浆后质量百分浓度为5%的针叶纤维木浆、碳酸钙和氧化淀粉依次加入到步骤（1）中交联的短纤维木浆中，混合均匀后得混合木浆，其中针叶纤维木浆干基质量为针叶纤维木浆干基质量的15 %，碳酸钙的加入量占混合木浆干量的15%，氧化淀粉的加入量为混合木浆质量的5%；
（3）将步骤（2）中的混合木浆抄造制纸，得胶版印刷纸。
实施例3
（1）向打浆后质量百分浓度为7%的阔叶纤维木浆中加入阳离子淀粉，阳离子淀粉的加入量为阔叶纤维木浆干量的3%，搅拌均匀，然后加入质量为阔叶纤维木浆干量0.8%的氯甲代一氧丙环，搅拌升温至60℃，反应50min，得交联的阔叶纤维木浆；
（2）将打浆后质量百分浓度为3.5%的针叶纤维木浆、滑石粉和氧化淀粉依次加入到步骤（1）中交联的短纤维木浆中，混合均匀后得混合木浆，其中针叶纤维木浆干基质量为针叶纤维木浆干基质量的10%，二氧化钛的加入量占混合木浆干量的15%，氧化淀粉的加入量为混合木浆干量的5%；
（3）将步骤（2）中的混合木浆抄造制纸，得胶版印刷纸。
对比例1
（1）向打浆后质量百分浓度为6%的阔叶纤维木浆、打浆后质量百分浓度为3.5%的针叶纤维木浆、阳离子淀粉（阳离子淀粉的加入量为阔叶纤维木浆干量的4%）、二氧化钛和氧化淀粉混合均匀，得混合木浆，其中针叶纤维木浆干基质量为针叶纤维木浆干基质量的20%，二氧化钛的加入量占混合木浆干量的12%，氧化淀粉的加入量为混合木浆干量的4%；
（2）将步骤（1）中的混合木浆抄造制纸，得胶版印刷纸。
实施例1~3和对比例1中制备的胶版印刷纸的性质进行比较
胶版印刷纸表面强度性能测试：采用蜡棒拉毛发测定纸张的表面强度（GB/T2594-2003），通过蜡棒粘附力对纸面进行破坏（如起毛、掉毛、掉粉、破裂等），，来测定纸张的表面强度，结果如下表1所示：
表1 胶版印刷纸表面强度性能
Figure 519737DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
由表1可知，通过本发明方法制备的胶版印刷纸通过将短径纤维进行交联改进，加入了与纤维结构相类似助剂，并调整短径纤维和长径纤维的比例，增加了胶版印刷纸的表面强度，减少了掉粉、掉毛现象的发生。

Claims (6)

1.一种胶版印刷纸的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）在短纤维木浆中加入助剂，搅拌均匀后加入交联剂，升温至50~60℃，搅拌反应30-50min，得交联的短纤维木浆；
（2）将长纤维木浆、填料和施胶剂加入到步骤（1）中交联的短纤维木浆中，混合均匀后得混合木浆；
（3）将步骤（2）中的混合木浆抄造制纸，得胶版印刷纸；
所述的助剂为阳离子淀粉和/壳聚糖；
步骤（1）中所述的长纤维木浆绝干质量为短纤维木浆绝干质量的15～30%；
步骤（1）中所述的助剂为短纤维木浆干量的3~5%；所述的交联剂的添加量为短纤维木浆干量的0.8~1.2%；
步骤（1）中所述的交联剂为三偏磷酸钠、三氯氧磷和氯甲代一氧丙环的一种以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）中所述的短纤维木浆为阔叶纤维木浆；所述的长纤维木浆为针叶纤维木浆。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（2）中所述的填料为滑石粉、二氧化钛和碳酸钙中的一种以上；所述的施胶剂为氧化淀粉。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）中所述的短纤维木浆干质量浓度为6~8%；所述的长纤维木浆的质量浓度为3~5%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（2）中所述填料的加入量为混合木浆干量的10~15%；所述的施胶剂的加入量为混合木浆质量的3~5%。
6.一种权利1~5任一项权利要求所述的制备方法制备得到的胶版印刷纸。
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