CN112374928A - Method for biochemically humifying compost by controlling oxygen of organic waste - Google Patents
Method for biochemically humifying compost by controlling oxygen of organic waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN112374928A CN112374928A CN202011223210.9A CN202011223210A CN112374928A CN 112374928 A CN112374928 A CN 112374928A CN 202011223210 A CN202011223210 A CN 202011223210A CN 112374928 A CN112374928 A CN 112374928A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/30—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using irradiation, e.g. solar or nuclear radiation; using electric or magnetic fields
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for biochemically humifying composting organic wastes by controlling oxygen, which relates to the technical field of organic waste treatment, and comprises the following steps: a. collecting organic wastes: the organic waste comprises perishable biomass domestic waste such as food waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and fruit kernel, green plants of flowers, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like. Can be collected in residential dwellings, food processing facilities, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other places of industries related to food processing; b. and (3) organic waste treatment: sorting waste such as waste paper, metal impurities, glass and recycled materials in the organic waste, sieving the waste and the organic waste, and crushing the organic waste by using a crushing device; c. and (3) sterilizing organic wastes: the treated organic waste particles are evenly spread on the placing plate and heated in a heating environment, and the production speed is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic waste treatment, in particular to a method for biochemically humifying composting organic waste by controlling oxygen.
Background
The organic waste garbage is also called as wet garbage, is kitchen garbage and organic garbage, namely perishable garbage, and refers to perishable biomass domestic waste such as food material waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and kernel, green flowers and plants, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like, the wet garbage is generated in activities such as daily life of residents, food processing, food service, unit meal supply and the like, and comprises abandoned vegetable leaves, leftovers, rice, fruit peels, eggshells, tea residues, bones, animal viscera, fish scales, leaves, weeds and the like, the main sources of the organic fertilizer are family kitchens, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other industries related to food processing, the organic wastes can be used as raw materials for producing organic fertilizers, but the existing production methods are mostly the same, the production time is long, and other bacteria possibly have negative effects on organic fertilizer strains, therefore, a method for biochemically humifying compost by controlling oxygen of organic waste is needed to help solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for biochemically humifying compost by controlling oxygen of organic waste, which aims to solve the problem of long production time due to accuracy in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for biochemically humifying compost by controlling oxygen of organic waste, which is a method for biochemically humifying compost by controlling oxygen of organic waste, comprises the following steps:
a. collecting organic wastes: the organic waste comprises perishable biomass domestic waste such as food waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and fruit kernel, green plants of flowers, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like. Can be collected in residential dwellings, food processing facilities, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other places of industries related to food processing;
b. and (3) organic waste treatment: sorting waste such as waste paper, metal impurities, glass and recycled materials in the organic waste, sieving the waste and the organic waste, and crushing the organic waste by using a crushing device;
c. and (3) sterilizing organic wastes: uniformly spreading the treated organic waste particles on a placing plate, heating in a heating environment, irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp after heating, and turning and throwing for 3-5 times during irradiation;
d. strain preparation: preparing organic fertilizer strains, auxiliary materials, a leech extracting solution and water, and uniformly mixing the organic fertilizer strains, the auxiliary materials, the leech extracting solution and the water according to a certain proportion to obtain strains;
e. inoculation and composting: uniformly spraying the strains on the organic waste particles, uniformly turning and throwing for 6-12 times, stacking together, heating for 24-28h, and finally fermenting for several days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic waste crushed in the step b is 2-3.8 mm.
Preferably, the sterilization temperature in the step c is 60-65 ℃, and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp is 3-5 h.
Preferably, in the step d, the weight percentage of the organic fertilizer strain is 7-12%, the weight percentage of the auxiliary material is 30-45%, the weight percentage of the leech extract is 0.5-2.5%, and the weight percentage of the water is 50-60%.
Preferably, the auxiliary material in the step d is one or more of sawdust, wood shavings or vinasse.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step e is 55-70 ℃.
Preferably, the stacking height in the step e is 0.8m to 1.3m, and the stacking width is 2m to 4 m.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. in the production process, various biological enzymes and various trace elements rich in the leech extract can form favorable conditions for the growth of organic fertilizer strains, so that the production time of the organic fertilizer can be greatly shortened.
2. According to the invention, the raw materials can be effectively sterilized through the organic waste sterilization step, so that other bacteria can be prevented from existing in the raw materials, and the negative influence of other bacteria on organic fertilizer strains can be prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of data on the results of the test according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for biochemically humifying and composting organic wastes by controlling oxygen as shown in figure 1,
example 1
The composting method comprises the following steps:
a. collecting organic wastes: the organic waste comprises perishable biomass domestic waste such as food waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and fruit kernel, green plants of flowers, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like. Can be collected in residential dwellings, food processing facilities, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other places of industries related to food processing;
b. and (3) organic waste treatment: sorting waste such as waste paper, metal impurities, glass and recycled materials in the organic waste, sieving the waste and the organic waste, and crushing the organic waste by using a crushing device;
c. and (3) sterilizing organic wastes: uniformly spreading the treated organic waste particles on a placing plate, heating in a heating environment, irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp after heating, and turning and polishing for 4 times during irradiation;
d. strain preparation: preparing organic fertilizer strains, auxiliary materials, a leech extracting solution and water, and uniformly mixing the organic fertilizer strains, the auxiliary materials, the leech extracting solution and the water according to a certain proportion to obtain strains;
e. inoculation and composting: uniformly spraying the strains above the organic waste particles, uniformly turning and throwing for 10 times, stacking and heating for 26 hours, and finally fermenting for several days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic waste after being crushed in the step b is 3 mm.
Preferably, the sterilization temperature in the step c is 60 ℃, and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp is 5 hours.
Preferably, in the step d, the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer strain is 8%, the weight ratio of the auxiliary material is 35%, the weight ratio of the leech extract is 0.5%, and the weight ratio of the water is 56.5%.
Preferably, the auxiliary material in the step d is one or more of sawdust, wood shavings or vinasse.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step e is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the stacking height in the step e is 1m, and the stacking width is 3 m.
In the embodiment, the time for producing the organic fertilizer is 188 h.
Example 2
The composting method comprises the following steps:
a. collecting organic wastes: the organic waste comprises perishable biomass domestic waste such as food waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and fruit kernel, green plants of flowers, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like. Can be collected in residential dwellings, food processing facilities, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other places of industries related to food processing;
b. and (3) organic waste treatment: sorting waste such as waste paper, metal impurities, glass and recycled materials in the organic waste, sieving the waste and the organic waste, and crushing the organic waste by using a crushing device;
c. and (3) sterilizing organic wastes: uniformly spreading the treated organic waste particles on a placing plate, heating in a heating environment, irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp after heating, and turning and polishing for 4 times during irradiation;
d. strain preparation: preparing organic fertilizer strains, auxiliary materials, a leech extracting solution and water, and uniformly mixing the organic fertilizer strains, the auxiliary materials, the leech extracting solution and the water according to a certain proportion to obtain strains;
e. inoculation and composting: uniformly spraying the strains above the organic waste particles, uniformly turning and throwing for 10 times, stacking and heating for 26 hours, and finally fermenting for several days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic waste after being crushed in the step b is 3 mm.
Preferably, the sterilization temperature in the step c is 60 ℃, and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp is 5 hours.
Preferably, in the step d, the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer strain is 8%, the weight ratio of the auxiliary material is 35%, the weight ratio of the leech extract is 1%, and the weight ratio of the water is 56%.
Preferably, the auxiliary material in the step d is one or more of sawdust, wood shavings or vinasse.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step e is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the stacking height in the step e is 1m, and the stacking width is 3 m.
The time for producing the organic fertilizer in the embodiment is 176 h.
Example 3
The composting method comprises the following steps:
a. collecting organic wastes: the organic waste comprises perishable biomass domestic waste such as food waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and fruit kernel, green plants of flowers, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like. Can be collected in residential dwellings, food processing facilities, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other places of industries related to food processing;
b. and (3) organic waste treatment: sorting waste such as waste paper, metal impurities, glass and recycled materials in the organic waste, sieving the waste and the organic waste, and crushing the organic waste by using a crushing device;
c. and (3) sterilizing organic wastes: uniformly spreading the treated organic waste particles on a placing plate, heating in a heating environment, irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp after heating, and turning and polishing for 4 times during irradiation;
d. strain preparation: preparing organic fertilizer strains, auxiliary materials, a leech extracting solution and water, and uniformly mixing the organic fertilizer strains, the auxiliary materials, the leech extracting solution and the water according to a certain proportion to obtain strains;
e. inoculation and composting: uniformly spraying the strains above the organic waste particles, uniformly turning and throwing for 10 times, stacking and heating for 26 hours, and finally fermenting for several days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic waste after being crushed in the step b is 3 mm.
Preferably, the sterilization temperature in the step c is 60 ℃, and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp is 5 hours.
Preferably, in the step d, the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer strain is 8%, the weight ratio of the auxiliary material is 35%, the weight ratio of the leech extract is 1.5%, and the weight ratio of the water is 55.5%.
Preferably, the auxiliary material in the step d is one or more of sawdust, wood shavings or vinasse.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step e is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the stacking height in the step e is 1m, and the stacking width is 3 m.
In the embodiment, the time for producing the organic fertilizer is 183 h.
Example 4
The composting method comprises the following steps:
a. collecting organic wastes: the organic waste comprises perishable biomass domestic waste such as food waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and fruit kernel, green plants of flowers, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like. Can be collected in residential dwellings, food processing facilities, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other places of industries related to food processing;
b. and (3) organic waste treatment: sorting waste such as waste paper, metal impurities, glass and recycled materials in the organic waste, sieving the waste and the organic waste, and crushing the organic waste by using a crushing device;
c. and (3) sterilizing organic wastes: uniformly spreading the treated organic waste particles on a placing plate, heating in a heating environment, irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp after heating, and turning and polishing for 4 times during irradiation;
d. strain preparation: preparing organic fertilizer strains, auxiliary materials, a leech extracting solution and water, and uniformly mixing the organic fertilizer strains, the auxiliary materials, the leech extracting solution and the water according to a certain proportion to obtain strains;
e. inoculation and composting: uniformly spraying the strains above the organic waste particles, uniformly turning and throwing for 10 times, stacking and heating for 26 hours, and finally fermenting for several days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic waste after being crushed in the step b is 3 mm.
Preferably, the sterilization temperature in the step c is 60 ℃, and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp is 5 hours.
Preferably, in the step d, the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer strain is 8.5%, the weight ratio of the auxiliary material is 35%, the weight ratio of the leech extract is 0.5%, and the weight ratio of the water is 56%.
Preferably, the auxiliary material in the step d is one or more of sawdust, wood shavings or vinasse.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step e is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the stacking height in the step e is 1m, and the stacking width is 3 m.
In the embodiment, the time for producing the organic fertilizer is 182 hours.
Example 5
The composting method comprises the following steps:
a. collecting organic wastes: the organic waste comprises perishable biomass domestic waste such as food waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and fruit kernel, green plants of flowers, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like. Can be collected in residential dwellings, food processing facilities, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other places of industries related to food processing;
b. and (3) organic waste treatment: sorting waste such as waste paper, metal impurities, glass and recycled materials in the organic waste, sieving the waste and the organic waste, and crushing the organic waste by using a crushing device;
c. and (3) sterilizing organic wastes: uniformly spreading the treated organic waste particles on a placing plate, heating in a heating environment, irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp after heating, and turning and polishing for 4 times during irradiation;
d. strain preparation: preparing organic fertilizer strains, auxiliary materials, a leech extracting solution and water, and uniformly mixing the organic fertilizer strains, the auxiliary materials, the leech extracting solution and the water according to a certain proportion to obtain strains;
e. inoculation and composting: uniformly spraying the strains above the organic waste particles, uniformly turning and throwing for 10 times, stacking and heating for 26 hours, and finally fermenting for several days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic waste after being crushed in the step b is 3 mm.
Preferably, the sterilization temperature in the step c is 60 ℃, and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp is 5 hours.
Preferably, in the step d, the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer strains is 7.5%, the weight ratio of the auxiliary materials is 35%, the weight ratio of the leech extract is 1.5%, and the weight ratio of the water is 56%.
Preferably, the auxiliary material in the step d is one or more of sawdust, wood shavings or vinasse.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step e is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the stacking height in the step e is 1m, and the stacking width is 3 m.
In the embodiment, the time for producing the organic fertilizer is 185 hours.
Control group
The composting method comprises the following steps:
a. collecting organic wastes: the organic waste comprises perishable biomass domestic waste such as food waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and fruit kernel, green plants of flowers, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like. Can be collected in residential dwellings, food processing facilities, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other places of industries related to food processing;
b. and (3) organic waste treatment: sorting waste such as waste paper, metal impurities, glass and recycled materials in the organic waste, sieving the waste and the organic waste, and crushing the organic waste by using a crushing device;
c. and (3) sterilizing organic wastes: uniformly spreading the treated organic waste particles on a placing plate, heating in a heating environment, irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp after heating, and turning and polishing for 4 times during irradiation;
d. strain preparation: preparing organic fertilizer strains, auxiliary materials and water, and uniformly mixing the organic fertilizer strains, the auxiliary materials and the water according to a certain proportion to obtain strains;
e. inoculation and composting: uniformly spraying the strains above the organic waste particles, uniformly turning and throwing for 10 times, stacking and heating for 26 hours, and finally fermenting for several days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic waste after being crushed in the step b is 3 mm.
Preferably, the sterilization temperature in the step c is 60 ℃, and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp is 5 hours.
Preferably, in the step d, the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer strains is 8%, the weight ratio of the auxiliary materials is 35%, and the weight ratio of the water is 57%.
Preferably, the auxiliary material in the step d is one or more of sawdust, wood shavings or vinasse.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step e is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the stacking height in the step e is 1m, and the stacking width is 3 m.
The time for producing the organic fertilizer in the embodiment is 236 h.
The experiments performed on examples 1-5 resulted in the data shown in the following table:
time (h) for producing organic fertilizer | |
Example 1 | 188 |
Example 2 | 176 |
Example 3 | 183 |
Example 4 | 182 |
Example 5 | 185 |
|
236 |
As shown in the table, it can be obtained from the comparison group and the examples 1 to 4 that the growth speed of the strain can be increased by adding the leech extract, so that the preparation time of the organic fertilizer can be reduced, the weight ratio of the leech extract to water only changes in the examples 1 to 3, the preparation time of the organic fertilizer is shortest in the example 2, the weight ratio of the leech extract to the strain of the organic fertilizer only changes in the examples 2, 4 and 5, and the preparation time of the organic fertilizer is shortest in the example 2, so that the raw material ratio in the example 2 is the optimal raw material ratio, and the production speed of the organic fertilizer can be greatly reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for biochemically humifying compost by controlling oxygen of organic waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the composting method comprises the following steps:
a. collecting organic wastes: the organic waste comprises perishable biomass domestic waste such as food waste, leftovers, overdue food, melon peel and fruit kernel, green plants of flowers, traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the like. Can be collected in residential dwellings, food processing facilities, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other places of industries related to food processing;
b. and (3) organic waste treatment: sorting waste such as waste paper, metal impurities, glass and recycled materials in the organic waste, sieving the waste and the organic waste, and crushing the organic waste by using a crushing device;
c. and (3) sterilizing organic wastes: uniformly spreading the treated organic waste particles on a placing plate, heating in a heating environment, irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp after heating, and turning and throwing for 3-5 times during irradiation;
d. strain preparation: preparing organic fertilizer strains, auxiliary materials, a leech extracting solution and water, and uniformly mixing the organic fertilizer strains, the auxiliary materials, the leech extracting solution and the water according to a certain proportion to obtain strains;
e. inoculation and composting: uniformly spraying the strains on the organic waste particles, uniformly turning and throwing for 6-12 times, stacking together, heating for 24-28h, and finally fermenting for several days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
2. The method for biochemically humifying composting organic waste according to claim 1, wherein: and (c) the particle size of the crushed organic waste in the step (b) is 2-3.8 mm.
3. The method for biochemically humifying composting organic waste according to claim 1, wherein: the sterilization temperature in the step c is 60-65 ℃, and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp is 3-5 h.
4. The method for biochemically humifying composting organic waste according to claim 1, wherein: in the step d, the weight percentage of the organic fertilizer strains is 7-12%, the weight percentage of the auxiliary materials is 30-45%, the weight percentage of the leech extract is 0.5-2.5%, and the weight percentage of the water is 50-60%.
5. The method for biochemically humifying composting organic waste according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step d, the auxiliary materials are one or more of sawdust, wood shavings or vinasse.
6. The method for biochemically humifying composting organic waste according to claim 1, wherein: the heating temperature in the step e is 55-70 ℃.
7. The method for biochemically humifying composting organic waste according to claim 1, wherein: and e, stacking in the step e to a height of 0.8-1.3 m and a stacking width of 2-4 m.
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CN103449863A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-12-18 | 湖北诺克特药业有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by composting and quickly fermenting traditional Chinese medicine dregs |
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CN108046855A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-18 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of hot fermentation is preposition to strengthen organic fertilizer production technique |
CN109824454A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-05-31 | 博白县三桦石柳生态农业开发有限责任公司 | Alcohol residue organic fertilizer containing bacillus subtilis and preparation method thereof |
CN110204400A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-06 | 黑龙江双发环保科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer production technique |
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2020
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103449863A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-12-18 | 湖北诺克特药业有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by composting and quickly fermenting traditional Chinese medicine dregs |
CN107771623A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-09 | 恭城福茂生油茶文化产业发展有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method of bamboo shoots |
CN108046855A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-18 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of hot fermentation is preposition to strengthen organic fertilizer production technique |
CN109824454A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-05-31 | 博白县三桦石柳生态农业开发有限责任公司 | Alcohol residue organic fertilizer containing bacillus subtilis and preparation method thereof |
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