CN112374865B - 一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112374865B CN112374865B CN202011336020.8A CN202011336020A CN112374865B CN 112374865 B CN112374865 B CN 112374865B CN 202011336020 A CN202011336020 A CN 202011336020A CN 112374865 B CN112374865 B CN 112374865B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018404 Al2 O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910017344 Fe2 O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 alkaline earth metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;silicic acid;hydrate Chemical group O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010443 kyanite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052850 kyanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿40~80wt%、煤矸石5~30wt%、氧化铝5~20wt%、长石2~10wt%、白云石1~5wt%、滑石1~5wt%、方解石1~5wt%、碳酸钡1~5wt%、石英1~10wt%。本发明还公开了一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法。本发明以锆英石尾矿、煤矸石为主要原料制得的陶瓷研磨球适用于矿山金属矿物研磨、白色矿物研磨、石油压裂支撑剂等相关领域，不仅实现了固体废弃物资源化利用，而且大大降低生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷研磨球领域，尤其涉及一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球及其制备方法。
背景技术
世界上锆英石的主要生产国有澳大利亚、美国、巴西等，我国锆资源储量排名全球第五，约50万吨，仅占全球1%，主产区为广东、海南、广西等省，其中矿产量94%来自于海南的海滨砂矿。我国锆英石矿源本就不多，海南砂近年来也有贫乏现象，因此富集锆英石而产生的尾矿也是逐年上升，开采成本越来越高，尾矿废弃物也越来越多，环保压力越来越大。
煤矸石是在煤的掘进、开采和洗选过程中排出的固体废物。中国积存煤矸石达10亿吨以上，每年还将排出煤矸石1亿吨，是一种数量最大的工业固体废弃物。其危害很大：煤矸石露天堆放，侵占大量耕地、林地、居民地和工矿用地，破坏地质地貌景观；煤矸石堆易崩塌、泻溜、滑坡和泥石流等形成重力灾害；其淋滤液携带有害可溶物，可污染水环境、土壤环境；矸石堆扬尘或自燃还会污染大气环境。
近几年来锆英石尾矿、煤矸石废弃物的回收利用逐渐兴起，在化工、建材、冶金、轻工等领域得到了广泛的研究和应用,但终归体量还是太少，对于庞大的积压尾矿而言不过是九牛一毛。提高尾矿废弃物的综合利用，对矿厂而言，一方面可以提升经济收入，另一方面可以大大减少环保压力。而对废弃物回收利用厂家而言，既可以利用廉价的废弃物原料生产出具有一定经济价值的产品，变废为宝，又可以积极响应国家号召，环保公益，具有良好的经济价值和社会价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球。
本发明还提供了一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法。
本发明的创新点在于本发明以锆英石尾矿、煤矸石为主要原料制得的陶瓷研磨球适用于矿山金属矿物研磨、白色矿物研磨、石油压裂支撑剂等相关领域，不仅实现了固体废弃物资源化利用，而且大大降低生产成本。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明的技术方案是：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，其特征在于，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿40~80wt%、煤矸石5~30wt%、氧化铝5~20wt%、长石2~10wt%、白云石1~5wt%、滑石1~5wt%、方解石1~5wt%、碳酸钡1~5wt%、石英1~10wt%；所述锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O340~60wt％、SiO235~50wt％、ZrO20.5~5wt％、TiO20.2~2wt％、MgO0.5~2wt％、Fe2O30.2~2wt％；所述煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O335~45wt％、SiO2 40~55wt％、炭5~20wt％。
作为优选，所述氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2O3含量≥98.5wt％。高温α氧化铝稳定性好。
作为优选，所述长石为钾长石和钠长石的其中一种或者两种组合；所述钾长石中K2O的含量≥9.5wt％、Al2O3的含量≥14.5wt％、SiO 2的含量≥69wt％，钠长石中Na2O的含量≥10wt％，Al2O3的含量≥16.5wt％，SiO2的含量≥65wt％。
作为优选，所述白云石中CaO的含量≥29wt％、MgO的含量≥20wt％。
作为优选，所述滑石中MgO的含量≥30.5wt％，SiO2的含量≥62wt％；所述方解石中CaO的含量≥53wt％。
作为优选，所述碳酸钡中BaCO3含量≥98wt％；所述石英中SiO2的含量≥98wt％。
一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备粉料：按配方取料，取料后加水混合得到混合料，混合料的固含量为40~60%，将混合料加入到球磨机中研磨得到浆料，研磨时间为10~30h，研磨后浆料的细度为1~10μm，把浆料干燥形成粉料；
（2）成型：将经过5天以上的陈腐后的粉料制作成陶瓷球球坯；
（3）烧成：对陶瓷球球坯进行烧结，烧结时以1~10℃/min升温速率升至200~300℃，在200~300℃下保温2~4小时，再以1~10℃/min升温速率升至650~750℃，在650~750℃下保温2~6小时，以1~10℃/min升温速率升至1200~1350℃，在1200~1350℃条件下保温2~10小时，烧结完成后自然冷却至室温，制得成品。
作为优选，所述陶瓷球球坯的粒径为1~20mm。
作为优选，步骤（2）中制作陶瓷球球坯时采用滚球法制作。
作为优选，步骤（1）中浆料干燥成粉料时采用喷雾干燥，喷雾干燥的温度≤400℃。
本发明的有益效果是 ：
1、本发明以锆英石尾矿、煤矸石为主要原料制得的陶瓷研磨球适用于矿山金属矿物研磨、白色矿物研磨、石油压裂支撑剂等相关领域，不仅实现了固体废弃物资源化利用，而且大大降低生产成本。
2、本发明引入的烧结助剂种类及数量较多，大大降低了陶瓷研磨球的烧成温度，达到节能减排的目的；同时极大容忍了锆英石尾矿中蓝晶石、硅线石分解所引起的体积膨胀，陶瓷球致密度更高；较低温度下合成，明显提高了陶瓷球的力学性能。
3、本发明通过引入白云石，方解石，碳酸钡等碱土金属炭酸盐，配合长石，滑石的使用，极大拓宽了玻璃相的熔融温度范围和优化了玻璃相熔融粘度，对于锆英石尾矿和煤矸石的成分波动具有很大的兼容性，大大降低了因尾矿质量波动带来的产品质量波动，稳定了生产，确保了产品质量稳定。
4、本发明针对煤矸石含炭量大、烧失量高以及球坯粒径大小等问题，设置特定的烧成曲线：首先，根据烧制球坯粒径的大小做出了1~10℃/min升温速率以及200~300℃保温2~4h小时脱去吸附水的设定，更加具有针对性，更加节能减排；其次，在650~750℃保温2~6小时，既是为了排炭减少产品气孔率，更是为了活化煤矸石得到更多具有活性的Al2O3和SiO2，利于后期烧结以及合成莫来石。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例1：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿40wt%、煤矸石20wt%、氧化铝18wt%、长石10wt%、白云石3wt%、滑石1wt%、方解石1wt%、碳酸钡2wt%、石英5wt%；锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O340wt％、SiO250wt％、ZrO24wt％、TiO22wt％、MgO2wt％、Fe2O32wt％；煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O335wt％、SiO2 55wt％、炭10wt％。氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2O3含量为98.5wt％。长石为钾长石，钾长石中K2O的含量为9.5wt％、Al2O3的含量为14.5wt％、SiO 2的含量为69wt％。白云石中CaO的含量为29wt％、MgO的含量为20wt％。滑石中MgO的含量为30.5wt％，SiO2的含量为62wt％；方解石中CaO的含量为53wt％。碳酸钡中BaCO3含量为98wt％；石英中SiO2的含量为98wt％。
实施例2：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿40wt%、煤矸石30wt%、氧化铝10wt%、长石8wt%、白云石1wt%、滑石5wt%、方解石1wt%、碳酸钡2wt%、石英3wt%；所述锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O350wt％、SiO243wt％、ZrO25wt％、TiO20.2wt％、MgO1.6wt％、Fe2O30.2wt％；煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O340wt％、SiO2 40wt％、炭20wt％。氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2O3含量为99wt％。长石为钠长石，钠长石中Na2O的含量为10wt％，Al2O3的含量为16.5wt％，SiO2的含量为65wt％。白云石中CaO的含量为33wt％、MgO的含量为23wt％。滑石中MgO的含量为31wt％，SiO2的含量为63wt％；所述方解石中CaO的含量为54wt％。碳酸钡中BaCO3含量为99wt％；石英中SiO2的含量为99wt％。
实施例3：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿45wt%、煤矸石15wt%、氧化铝15wt%、长石5wt%、白云石5wt%、滑石5wt%、方解石3wt%、碳酸钡5wt%、石英10wt%；所述锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O360wt％、SiO235wt％、ZrO22.5wt％、TiO21wt％、MgO0.5wt％、Fe2O31wt％；煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O345wt％、SiO2 50wt％、炭5wt％。氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2O3含量为99.5wt％。长石为钾长石和钠长石的两种组合，钾长石中K2O的含量为11wt％、Al2O3的含量为15wt％、SiO 2的含量为70wt％，钠长石中Na2O的含量为11wt％，Al2O3的含量为17wt％，SiO2的含量为66wt％。白云石中CaO的含量为32wt％、MgO的含量为22wt％。滑石中MgO的含量为32wt％，SiO2的含量为65wt％；所述方解石中CaO的含量为55wt％。碳酸钡中BaCO3含量为99.5wt％；石英中SiO2的含量为99.5wt％。
实施例4：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿50wt%、煤矸石10wt%、氧化铝20wt%、长石3wt%、白云石2wt%、滑石3wt%、方解石2wt%、碳酸钡2wt%、石英8wt%；所述锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O355wt％、SiO240wt％、ZrO20.5wt％、TiO20.5wt％、MgO2wt％、Fe2O32wt％；煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O345wt％、SiO2 50wt％、炭5wt％。氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2O3含量为99.5wt％。长石为钾长石和钠长石的两种组合，钾长石中K2O的含量为11wt％、Al2O3的含量为15wt％、SiO 2的含量为70wt％，钠长石中Na2O的含量为11wt％，Al2O3的含量为17wt％，SiO2的含量为66wt％。白云石中CaO的含量为32wt％、MgO的含量为22wt％。滑石中MgO的含量为32wt％，SiO2的含量为65wt％；所述方解石中CaO的含量为55wt％。碳酸钡中BaCO3含量为99.5wt％；石英中SiO2的含量为99.5wt％。
实施例5：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿55wt%、煤矸石10wt%、氧化铝12wt%、长石8wt%、白云石5wt%、滑石2wt%、方解石1wt%、碳酸钡3wt%、石英4wt%；所述锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O360wt％、SiO235wt％、ZrO22.5wt％、TiO21wt％、MgO0.5wt％、Fe2O31wt％；煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O340wt％、SiO2 40wt％、炭20wt％。氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2O3含量为99.5wt％。长石为钾长石和钠长石的两种组合，钾长石中K2O的含量为11wt％、Al2O3的含量为15wt％、SiO 2的含量为70wt％，钠长石中Na2O的含量为11wt％，Al2O3的含量为17wt％，SiO2的含量为66wt％。白云石中CaO的含量为32wt％、MgO的含量为22wt％。滑石中MgO的含量为32wt％，SiO2的含量为65wt％；所述方解石中CaO的含量为55wt％。碳酸钡中BaCO3含量为99.5wt％；石英中SiO2的含量为99.5wt％。
实施例6：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿66wt%、煤矸石8wt%、氧化铝10wt%、长石5wt%、白云石2wt%、滑石1wt%、方解石5wt%、碳酸钡1wt%、石英2wt%；所述锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O350wt％、SiO243wt％、ZrO25wt％、TiO22wt％、MgO1.6wt％、Fe2O30.2wt％；煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O335wt％、SiO2 55wt％、炭10wt％。氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2O3含量为99.5wt％。长石为钾长石和钠长石的两种组合，钾长石中K2O的含量为11wt％、Al2O3的含量为15wt％、SiO 2的含量为70wt％，钠长石中Na2O的含量为11wt％，Al2O3的含量为17wt％，SiO2的含量为66wt％。白云石中CaO的含量为32wt％、MgO的含量为22wt％。滑石中MgO的含量为32wt％，SiO2的含量为65wt％；所述方解石中CaO的含量为55wt％。碳酸钡中BaCO3含量为99.5wt％；石英中SiO2的含量为99.5wt％。
实施例7：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿70wt%、煤矸石10wt%、氧化铝5wt%、长石4wt%、白云石3wt%、滑石2wt%、方解石2wt%、碳酸钡1wt%、石英3wt%；所述锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O355wt％、SiO240wt％、ZrO20.5wt％、TiO20.5wt％、MgO2wt％、Fe2O32wt％；煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O345wt％、SiO2 50wt％、炭5wt％。氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2O3含量为99.5wt％。长石为钾长石和钠长石的两种组合，钾长石中K2O的含量为11wt％、Al2O3的含量为15wt％、SiO 2的含量为70wt％，钠长石中Na2O的含量为11wt％，Al2O3的含量为17wt％，SiO2的含量为66wt％。白云石中CaO的含量为32wt％、MgO的含量为22wt％。滑石中MgO的含量为32wt％，SiO2的含量为65wt％；所述方解石中CaO的含量为55wt％。碳酸钡中BaCO3含量为99.5wt％；石英中SiO2的含量为99.5wt％。
实施例8：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿80wt%、煤矸石5wt%、氧化铝5wt%、长石2wt%、白云石1wt%、滑石2wt%、方解石2wt%、碳酸钡2wt%、石英1wt%；所述锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O340wt％、SiO250wt％、ZrO24wt％、TiO22wt％、MgO2wt％、Fe2O32wt％；煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2O345wt％、SiO2 50wt％、炭5wt％。氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2O3含量为99.5wt％。长石为钾长石和钠长石的两种组合，钾长石中K2O的含量为11wt％、Al2O3的含量为15wt％、SiO 2的含量为70wt％，钠长石中Na2O的含量为11wt％，Al2O3的含量为17wt％，SiO2的含量为66wt％。白云石中CaO的含量为32wt％、MgO的含量为22wt％。滑石中MgO的含量为32wt％，SiO2的含量为65wt％；所述方解石中CaO的含量为55wt％。碳酸钡中BaCO3含量为99.5wt％；石英中SiO2的含量为99.5wt％。
实施例9：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法，按实施1的配方取料，取料后加水混合得到混合料，混合料的固含量为50%，将混合料加入到球磨机中研磨得到浆料，研磨时间为30h，研磨后浆料的细度为1μm，把浆料干燥形成粉料，浆料干燥成粉料时采用喷雾干燥，喷雾干燥的温度为400℃。将经过10天的陈腐后的粉料制作成陶瓷球球坯，陶瓷球球坯的粒径为1mm，制作陶瓷球球坯时采用滚球法制作。对陶瓷球球坯进行烧结，烧结时以1~10℃/min升温速率升至200℃，在200℃下保温2小时，再以1~10℃/min升温速率升至650℃，在650℃下保温2小时，以1~10℃/min升温速率升至1200℃，在1200℃条件下保温2小时，烧结完成后自然冷却至室温，制得成品。将所得的研磨球进行X射线衍射分析，主要晶相为莫来石，堇青石，氧化铝，硅酸锆；采用阿基米德排水法测试体积密度，体积密度为2.83g/cm3 ；使用2L快速搅拌磨2h自抛测试耐磨性能其磨耗1.1g/kg*h；使用维氏硬度计测试，维氏硬度为700HV5，断裂韧性为1.31MPa· m1/2。
实施例10：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法，按实施例2的配方取料，取料后加水混合得到混合料，混合料的固含量为40%，将混合料加入到球磨机中研磨得到浆料，研磨时间为10h，研磨后浆料的细度为10μm，把浆料干燥形成粉料，浆料干燥成粉料时采用喷雾干燥，喷雾干燥的温度为390℃。将经过5天的陈腐后的粉料制作成陶瓷球球坯，陶瓷球球坯的粒径为20mm，制作陶瓷球球坯时采用滚球法制作。对陶瓷球球坯进行烧结，烧结时以1~10℃/min升温速率升至300℃，在300℃下保温4小时，再以1~10℃/min升温速率升至750℃，在750℃下保温6小时，以1~10℃/min升温速率升至1250℃，在1250℃条件下保温10小时，烧结完成后自然冷却至室温，制得成品。将所得的研磨球进行X射线衍射分析，主要晶相为莫来石，氧化铝，硅酸锆；采用阿基米德排水法测试体积密度，体积密度为2.62g/cm3；使用行星式球磨机自抛4h测试耐磨性能其磨耗0.5g/kg*h；使用维氏硬度计测试，维氏硬度为600HV5，断裂韧性为1.12MPa· m1/2。
实施例11：一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法，按实施例3的配方取料，取料后加水混合得到混合料，混合料的固含量为:60%，将混合料加入到球磨机中研磨得到浆料，研磨时间为15h，研磨后浆料的细度为3μm，把浆料干燥形成粉料，浆料干燥成粉料时采用喷雾干燥，喷雾干燥的温度为380℃。将经过15天的陈腐后的粉料制作成陶瓷球球坯，陶瓷球球坯的粒径为8mm，制作陶瓷球球坯时采用滚球法制作。对陶瓷球球坯进行烧结，烧结时以1~10℃/min升温速率升至250℃，在250℃下保温3小时，再以1~10℃/min升温速率升至700℃，在700℃下保温3小时，以1~10℃/min升温速率升至1350℃，在1350℃条件下保温4小时，烧结完成后自然冷却至室温，制得成品。将所得的研磨球进行X射线衍射分析；主要晶相为莫来石，蓝晶石，硅酸锆，方石英；采用阿基米德排水法测试体积密度，体积密度为2.68g/cm3 ；行星式球磨机自抛4h测试耐磨性能其磨耗0.31g/kg*h；使用维氏硬度计测试，维氏硬度为640HV5，断裂韧性为1.2MPa· m1/2。
所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，其特征在于，包括以下质量分数的组份：锆英石尾矿40~80wt%、煤矸石5~30wt%、氧化铝5~20wt%、长石2~10wt%、白云石1~5wt%、滑石1~5wt%、方解石1~5wt%、碳酸钡1~5wt%、石英1~10wt%；
所述锆英石尾矿包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2 O3 40~60wt％、SiO2 35~50wt％、ZrO2 0.5~5wt％、TiO2 0.2~2wt％、MgO0.5~2wt％、Fe2 O3 0.2~2wt％；
所述煤矸石包括以下质量分数的组份：Al2 O3 35~45wt％、SiO2 40~55wt％、炭5~20wt％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，其特征在于，所述氧化铝为高温α氧化铝，氧化铝中Al2 O3 含量≥98.5wt％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，其特征在于，所述长石为钾长石和钠长石的其中一种或者两种组合；所述钾长石中K2 O的含量≥9.5wt％、Al2 O3 的含量≥14.5wt％、SiO2 的含量≥69wt％，钠长石中Na2 O的含量≥10wt％，Al2 O3 的含量≥16.5wt％，SiO2 的含量≥65wt％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，其特征在于，所述白云石中CaO的含量≥29wt％、MgO的含量≥20wt％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，其特征在于，所述滑石中MgO的含量≥30.5wt％，SiO2 的含量≥62wt％；所述方解石中CaO的含量≥53wt％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球，其特征在于，所述碳酸钡中BaCO3 含量≥98wt％；所述石英中SiO2 的含量≥98wt％。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备粉料：按配方取料，取料后加水混合得到混合料，混合料的固含量为40~60%，将混合料加入到球磨机中研磨得到浆料，研磨时间为10~30h，研磨后浆料的细度为1~10μm，把浆料干燥形成粉料；
（2）成型：将经过5天以上的陈腐后的粉料制作成陶瓷球球坯；
（3）烧成：对陶瓷球球坯进行烧结，烧结时以1~10℃/min升温速率升至200~300℃，在200~300℃下保温2~4小时，再以1~10℃/min升温速率升至650~750℃，在650~750℃下保温2~6小时，以1~10℃/min升温速率升至1200~1350℃，在1200~1350℃条件下保温2~10小时，烧结完成后自然冷却至室温，制得成品。
8.根据权利要求7所述的锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷球球坯的粒径为1~20mm。
9.根据权利要求7所述的锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（2）中制作陶瓷球球坯时采用滚球法制作。
10.根据权利要求7所述的锆英石尾矿和煤矸石陶瓷研磨球的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）中浆料干燥成粉料时采用喷雾干燥，喷雾干燥的温度≤400℃。
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