CN112373288A - 一种混合动力驱动系统、重型运输车及其控制方法 - Google Patents
一种混合动力驱动系统、重型运输车及其控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种混合动力驱动系统、重型运输车及其控制方法,其属于牵引车技术领域,混合动力驱动系统包括发动机,发动机布置于重型运输车的驾驶室的下方;驱动电机,位于发动机的一侧,且驱动电机设置于重型运输车的车身主体上;离合器,设置于发动机及驱动电机之间,离合器具有闭合状态和断开状态,离合器处于闭合状态时,发动机与驱动电机并联,离合器处于断开状态时,发动机与驱动电机相互独立;高压组件,位于车身主体中部的一侧,且包括箱体,位于箱体的底部的动力电池,位于动力电池的上方的高压配电盒及位于高压配电盒的上方的直流降压器。本发明使得发动机的油耗能够大幅度减小,且减小了废气排放量,提升整车动力性,降低了对环境的影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及牵引车技术领域,尤其涉及一种混合动力驱动系统、重型运输车及其控制方法。
背景技术
目前,重型运输车的驱动力主要依靠牵引车提供,而牵引车通常采用单一的柴油发动机驱动,具体的,牵引车的驱动系统包括柴油发动机、变速箱等结构。当重型运输车用于中远距离货物运输时,载货重量一般较大,单独使用柴油发动机作为动力存在动力性较差、油耗高等缺点,且柴油发动机的能源消耗量与废气排放量也很大,进而容易导致较严重的环境问题,因此,急需一种油耗低、排放量小的重型运输车。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种混合动力驱动系统、重型运输车及其控制方法,发动机的油耗能够大幅度减小,且废气排放量也会减小,减小对环境的影响,具有较高的实用性。
如上构思,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种混合动力驱动系统,包括:
发动机,所述发动机布置于重型运输车的驾驶室的下方;
驱动电机,位于所述发动机的一侧,且所述驱动电机设置于所述重型运输车的车身主体上;
离合器,设置于所述发动机及所述驱动电机之间,所述离合器具有闭合状态和断开状态,所述离合器处于闭合状态时,所述发动机与所述驱动电机并联,并能同时提供驱动力,所述离合器处于断开状态时,所述发动机与所述驱动电机相互独立,且所述发动机与所述驱动电机能分别提供驱动力;
变速箱,位于所述驱动电机远离所述离合器的一侧,并传动连接于所述驱动电机,所述变速箱与所述重型运输车的驱动桥传动连接;
高压组件,位于所述车身主体中部的一侧,且所述高压组件包括箱体,以及均设置于所述箱体内的动力电池、高压配电盒及直流降压器,所述动力电池位于所述箱体的底部,所述高压配电盒位于所述动力电池的上方,所述直流降压器位于所述高压配电盒的上方。
可选地,还包括电机控制器,所述电机控制器位于所述箱体内,并设置于所述高压配电盒与所述直流降压器之间,所述电机控制器电连接于所述驱动电机,并用于控制所述驱动电机的运行状态。
可选地,还包括位于所述箱体内的冷却模块及连通于所述冷却模块的冷却管,所述冷却模块位于所述动力电池上方并靠近所述动力电池的一端设置,所述高压配电盒、所述电机控制器及所述直流降压器层叠且靠近所述动力电池的另一端设置,所述冷却管缠绕于所述动力电池的外侧,并用于冷却所述动力电池。
可选地,所述箱体上设有散热口及多个走线口,所述散热口与所述冷却模块相对设置,所述走线口用于供导线穿过。
可选地,所述离合器与所述驱动电机集成为一体结构。
一种重型运输车,包括车身主体、控制系统及如上所述的混合动力驱动系统,所述混合动力驱动系统安装于所述车身主体上,所述控制系统电连接于所述混合动力驱动系统。
可选地,还包括油箱,所述油箱位于所述车身主体中部的另一侧,且所述油箱与所述箱体相对设置。
一种重型运输车的控制方法,用于控制上述的重型运输车,所述重型运输车的控制方法包括如下步骤:
确定重型运输车的控制需求,所述控制需求包括起车需求、驱动需求及制动需求;
根据所述控制需求控制所述发动机和/或所述驱动电机启动。
可选地,当所述控制需求为起车需求时,所述根据所述控制需求控制所述发动机和/或所述驱动电机启动包括如下步骤:
S21、判断动力电池的电量是否大于第一预设电量,若是,则执行步骤S22,若否,则执行步骤S24;
S22、判断所述重型运输车是否为半坡启动,若是,则执行步骤S24、若否,则执行步骤S23;
S23、判断重型运输车是否为紧急启动,若是,则执行步骤S24,若否,则执行步骤S25;
S24、控制所述发动机启动,以通过所述发动机起车;
S25、控制所述驱动电机启动,以通过所述驱动电机起车。
可选地,当所述控制需求为驱动需求时,所述根据所述控制需求控制所述发动机和/或所述驱动电机启动包括如下步骤:
S201、判断所述动力电池的电量是否大于第二预设电量,若是,则执行步骤S203若否,则执行步骤S204;
S202、判断所述驱动电机的所产生的驱动力是否满足驱动需求,若是,则执行步骤S203,若否,则执行步骤S204;
S203、控制所述驱动电机启动,以通过所述驱动电机提供驱动力;
S204、判断所述发动机提供的驱动力是否满足驱动需求,若是,则执行步骤S205;若否,则执行步骤S206;
S205、控制所述发动机启动,以通过所述发动机提供驱动力;
S206、控制离合器处于闭合状态,并控制所述发动机及所述驱动电机分别启动,以通过并联的所述发动机及所述驱动电机同时提供驱动力。
本发明提出的混合动力驱动系统、重型运输车及其控制方法至少具有如下有益效果:
混合动力驱动系统通过设置驱动电机,使得驱动电机能够辅助发动机提供驱动力,且通过设置离合器,使得发动机与驱动电机既能够并联工作,还能够独立工作,以满足重型运输车的不同工况需求,相较于现有技术,提供相同的驱动力时,发动机的油耗能够大幅度减小,且减小了废气排放量,提升整车动力性,降低了对环境的影响,具有较高的实用性。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的混合动力驱动系统的分布示意图;
图2是本发明实施例提供的箱体内部的部件的分布示意图一;
图3是本发明实施例提供的箱体内部的部件的分布示意图二;
图4是本发明实施例提供的驱动电机及离合器壳体的装配示意图;
图5是本发明实施例提供的部分重型运输车的控制方法的流程图。
图中:
1、发动机;2、离合器;3、驱动电机;4、变速箱;5、箱体;6、动力电池;7、冷却模块;8、高压配电盒;9、电机控制器;10、直流降压器;20、车轮;30、离合器壳体。
具体实施方式
为使本发明解决的技术问题、采用的技术方案和达到的技术效果更加清楚,下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。可以理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明,而非对本发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是,为了便于描述,附图中仅示出了与本发明相关的部分而非全部。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本实施例提供了一种混合动力驱动系统,能够应用在重型运输车上,且通过发动机1和驱动电机3相配合提供驱动力,以能够降低重型运输车的油耗及排放量。
如图1至图3所示,混合动力驱动系统包括发动机1、驱动电机3、离合器2、变速箱4及高压组件。
其中,发动机1布置于重型运输车的驾驶室的下方,也即是,发动机1靠近重型运输车的车头设置。驱动电机3位于发动机1的一侧,具体为驱动电机3位于发动机1远离车头的一侧,且驱动电机3设置于重型运输车的车身主体上。车身主体可以为重型运输车的车架,其能够起到支撑的作用。
如图1所示,上述离合器2设置于发动机1及驱动电机3之间,并且,离合器2具有闭合状态和断开状态。当离合器2处于闭合状态时,发动机1与驱动电机3并联,并能同时向重型运输车的驱动桥提供驱动力,进而由驱动桥带动车轮2020转动;当离合器2处于断开状态时,发动机1与驱动电机3相互独立,且发动机1与驱动电机3能分别提供驱动力,也即是,单独通过发动机1向驱动桥提供驱动力,还能够通过驱动电机3向驱动桥提供驱动力,使得通过驱动电机3实现重型运输车的制动时,驱动电机3的再生转动不受发动机1反拖转矩的影响,且制动过程中不需要驾驶员降挡操作,使得再生制动的效果较好。
请参考图1,变速箱4位于驱动电机3远离离合器2的一侧,本实施例中的驱动电机3为与离合器2与变速箱4之间,也即是,本实施例中的混合动力驱动系统为P2混动构型。并且,变速箱4传动连接于驱动电机3,变速箱4与重型运输车的驱动桥传动连接,以能够将发动机1或驱动电机3产生的驱动力传递至驱动桥。
本实施例中的高压组件位于车身主体中部的一侧,具体的,高压组件可以与车轮20在车身主体的长度方向上相对。并且,如图2或图3所示,高压组件包括箱体5,以及均设置于箱体5内的动力电池6、高压配电盒8及直流降压器10。其中,动力电池6位于箱体5的底部,高压配电盒8位于动力电池6的上方,直流降压器10位于高压配电盒8的上方。本实施例通过将动力电池6、高压配电盒8及直流降压器10等高压附件设置于一个箱体5内,并在箱体5内合理布置,高压组件中的各部件集中设置,能够保证碰撞安全,进而使得整个高压组件集中、紧凑,便于高压组件的生产装配和维修保养,也节省了整车空间,避免影响挂车的运动空间。
本实施例提供的混合动力驱动系统,通过设置驱动电机3,使得驱动电机3能够辅助发动机1提供驱动力,且通过设置离合器2,使得发动机1与驱动电机3既能够并联工作,还能够独立工作,以满足重型运输车的不同工况需求,相较于现有技术,提供相同的驱动力时,发动机1的油耗能够大幅度减小,且减小了废气排放量,提升整车动力性,降低了对环境的影响,具有较高的实用性。
进一步地,如图2所示,混合动力驱动系统还包括电机控制器9。电机控制器9也位于箱体5内,并设置于高压配电盒8与直流降压器10之间。电机控制器9电连接于驱动电机3,并用于控制驱动电机3的运行状态。通过将电机控制器9也放置在箱体5内,进一步保证了高压附件的集中布置,相较于现有技术中分散布置的方式,能够进一步节省整车空间,便于高压附件的维修、更换。
本实施例中,如图3所示,混合动力驱动系统还包括位于箱体5内的冷却模块7及连通于冷却模块7的冷却管。冷却模块7位于动力电池6上方并靠近动力电池6的一端设置,高压配电盒8、电机控制器9及直流降压器10依次层叠设置且靠近动力电池6的另一端设置,也即是,冷却模块7与高压配电盒8间隔设置在动力电池6的上方,以能够充分利用动力电池6上方的空间,提高了空间利用率。冷却管缠绕于动力电池6的外侧,具体的,冷却管在动力电池6上可以缠绕多圈,并用于冷却动力电池6。可选地,电机控制器9及驱动电机3上还可以缠绕有冷却管,此时,冷却模块7还能通过冷却管冷却电机控制器9及驱动电机3,以控制驱动电机3及电机控制器9的温度,保证动力电池6、电机控制器9及驱动电机3能够在正常温度范围内高效、可靠地工作。示例地,本实施例中,冷却水冲冷却模块7触发,依次进入动力电池6、电机控制器9、驱动电机3,最后回到冷却模块7,以构成冷却回路。本实施例中,可以在冷却回路中单独设置膨胀水箱。
可选地,箱体5上设有散热口及多个走线口,散热口与冷却模块7相对设置,以使得冷却模块7中的风扇能够通过散热口扰动气流,进而带走冷却模块7中的热量。走线口用于供导线穿过,导线可以为高压导线或信号线,高压导线用于高压电的传输,信号线用于信号的传输。
可选地,如图4所示,离合器2与驱动电机3可以集成为一体结构,在一种实施例中,离合器2和驱动电机3安装在同一个壳体里面;在另一种实施例中,离合器2的离合器壳体30与驱动电机3的电机壳体为一体结构过固定为一体结构。通过将离合器2与驱动电机3集成为一体结构,能够缩短离合器2与驱动电机3之间的距离,便于两者的连接,还能够使得混合动力驱动系统的结构更加紧凑,整体强度更大。
可以理解的是,混合动力驱动系统还包括用于控制发动机1的发动机控制器、用于控制动力电池6的电池管理模块以及用于控制变速箱4的变速箱控制器。
本实施例还提供了一种重型运输车,该重型运输车包括车身主体、控制系统及上述的混合动力驱动系统。其中,混合动力驱动系统安装于车身主体上,控制系统电连接于混合动力驱动系统。具体的,控制系统与混合动力驱动系统中的电机控制器9、发动机1控制器、电池管理模块及变速箱控制器分别连接,用于传输信号或指令。控制系统还与离合器2连接,用于控制离合器2的状态。
进一步地,重型运输车还包括油箱,其中,油箱位于车身主体中部的另一侧,且油箱与箱体5在车身主体的宽度方向相对设置,以能够将高压组件与油箱分隔开,使得两者之间的距离可以较大,能够在充分重型运输车的利用空间的基础上提高安全性。
本实施例还提供了一种重型运输车的控制方法,能够用于控制上述的重型运输车,其中,重型运输车的控制方法包括如下步骤:
S1、确定重型运输车的控制需求,控制需求包括起车需求及驱动需求。
其中,起车需求是指重型运输车需要启动。可以通过控制系统确定重型运输车的控制需求,如控制系统与仪表盘、按键、车门等部件连接,当重型运输车通电、或车门打开、或按键被按压时,控制系统可以确定重型运输车具有启动需求。可选地,控制需求还可以包括制动需求。
S2、根据控制需求控制发动机1和/或驱动电机3启动。
可以通过控制系统根据控制需求生成一个控制策略,并根据该控制策略控制发动机1和/或驱动电机3启动。
可选地,当控制需求为起车需求时,如图5所示,步骤S2可以包括如下步骤:
S21、判断动力电池6的电量是否大于第一预设电量,若是,则执行步骤S22,若否,则执行步骤S24;
可以通过控制系统判断动力电池6的电量是否大于第一预设电量,该第一预设电量可以提前设置在控制系统中,控制系统可以通过电池管理模块获取动力电池6的电量。当动力电池6的电量大于第一预设电量时,说明动力电池6的电量较充足,可以进行下一步判断,当动力电池6的电量小于或等于第一预设电量时,说明动力电池6的电量较低,无法满足起车需求,此时可以通过发动机1实现车辆的启动。
S22、判断重型运输车是否为半坡启动,若是,则执行步骤S24、若否,则执行步骤S23。
通过控制系统确定重型运输车是否为半坡启动,可选地,控制系统可以根据重型运输车的载荷分布情况确定重型运输车所在路面是否具有倾斜度。当动力电池6的电量大于第一预设电量时,需要判断重型运输车是否为半坡驱动,也即是,重型运输车所在的路面为水平路面还是具有坡度的路面,当找重型运输车所在路面为具有坡度的路面时,由于驱动电机3启动后提供的驱动力较小,因此,为了保证重型运输车的安全行驶,需要通过发动机1进行重型运输车的启动,也即是需要执行步骤S24。当重型运输车所在的路面为水平路面,此时,可以继续进行判断,也即是执行步骤S23。
S23、判断重型运输车是否为紧急启动,若是,则执行步骤S24,若否,则执行步骤S25。
在确定重型运输车为水平路面启动时,控制系统还需要判断重型运输车是否为紧急启动,当重型运输车为紧急启动时,为了提高启动效率及速度,优先选择通过发动机1进行重型运输车的启动。当确定重型运输车不是紧急启东时,通过驱动电机3进行重型运输车的启动,由于发动机1在启动时喷油量加大,能量消耗较大,而通过驱动电机3驱动能使重型运输车更加节能,进而减少废气的排放。可选地,控制系统可以通过检测重型运输车的紧急启动按钮是否被选择而确定重型运输车是否为紧急启动。
S24、控制发动机1启动,以通过发动机1起车。
S25、控制驱动电机3启动,以通过驱动电机3起车。
可选地,当控制需求为驱动需求时,根据控制需求控制发动机1和/或驱动电机3启动包括如下步骤:
S201、判断动力电池6的电量是否大于第二预设电量,若是,则执行步骤S203若否,则执行步骤S204。
S202、判断驱动电机3的所产生的驱动力是否满足驱动需求,若是,则执行步骤S203,若否,则执行步骤S204。
S203、控制驱动电机3启动,以通过驱动电机3提供驱动力。
S204、判断发动机1提供的驱动力是否满足驱动需求,若是,则执行步骤S205;若否,则执行步骤S206。
S205、控制发动机1启动,以通过发动机1提供驱动力。
S206、控制离合器2处于闭合状态,并控制发动机1及驱动电机3分别启动,以通过并联的发动机1及驱动电机3同时提供驱动力。
可选地,当控制需求为制动需求时,根据控制需求控制发动机1和/或驱动电机3启动包括当驱动电机3能够提供的反拖制动力能够满足当前制动需求时,控制驱动电机3启动,且仅向驱动电机3分配制动力;当前电机能够提供的反拖制动力不能满足当前制动需求时,根据当前制动需求和当前电机能够提供的反拖制动力向电机和重型运输车的机械制动模块分配制动力。
本实施例提供的重型运输车的控制方法,控制系统根据不同的需求确定提供驱动力的部件,且通过控制离合器2的状态,使得发动机1与驱动电机3既能够并联工作,还能够独立工作,以满足重型运输车的不同工况需求,相较于现有技术,提供相同的驱动力时,发动机1的油耗能够大幅度减小,且减小了废气排放量,降低了对环境的影响,具有较高的实用性。
以上实施方式只是阐述了本发明的基本原理和特性,本发明不受上述实施方式限制,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还有各种变化和改变,这些变化和改变都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (10)
1.一种混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于,包括:
发动机,所述发动机布置于重型运输车的驾驶室的下方;
驱动电机,位于所述发动机的一侧,且所述驱动电机设置于所述重型运输车的车身主体上;
离合器,设置于所述发动机及所述驱动电机之间,所述离合器具有闭合状态和断开状态,所述离合器处于闭合状态时,所述发动机与所述驱动电机并联,并能同时提供驱动力,所述离合器处于断开状态时,所述发动机与所述驱动电机相互独立,且所述发动机与所述驱动电机能分别提供驱动力;
变速箱,位于所述驱动电机远离所述离合器的一侧,并传动连接于所述驱动电机,所述变速箱与所述重型运输车的驱动桥传动连接;
高压组件,位于所述车身主体中部的一侧,且所述高压组件包括箱体,以及均设置于所述箱体内的动力电池、高压配电盒及直流降压器,所述动力电池位于所述箱体的底部,所述高压配电盒位于所述动力电池的上方,所述直流降压器位于所述高压配电盒的上方。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于,还包括电机控制器,所述电机控制器位于所述箱体内,并设置于所述高压配电盒与所述直流降压器之间,所述电机控制器电连接于所述驱动电机,并用于控制所述驱动电机的运行状态。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于,还包括位于所述箱体内的冷却模块及连通于所述冷却模块的冷却管,所述冷却模块位于所述动力电池上方并靠近所述动力电池的一端设置,所述高压配电盒、所述电机控制器及所述直流降压器层叠且靠近所述动力电池的另一端设置,所述冷却管缠绕于所述动力电池的外侧,并用于冷却所述动力电池。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于,所述箱体上设有散热口及多个走线口,所述散热口与所述冷却模块相对设置,所述走线口用于供导线穿过。
5.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于,所述离合器与所述驱动电机集成为一体结构。
6.一种重型运输车,其特征在于,包括车身主体、控制系统及权利要求1-5任一项所述的混合动力驱动系统,所述混合动力驱动系统安装于所述车身主体上,所述控制系统电连接于所述混合动力驱动系统。
7.根据权利要求6所述的重型运输车,其特征在于,还包括油箱,所述油箱位于所述车身主体中部的另一侧,且所述油箱与所述箱体相对设置。
8.一种重型运输车的控制方法,用于控制权利要求6或7所述的重型运输车,其特征在于,所述重型运输车的控制方法包括如下步骤:
确定重型运输车的控制需求,所述控制需求包括起车需求、驱动需求及制动需求;
根据所述控制需求控制所述发动机和/或所述驱动电机启动。
9.根据权利要求8所述的重型运输车的控制方法,其特征在于,当所述控制需求为起车需求时,所述根据所述控制需求控制所述发动机和/或所述驱动电机启动包括如下步骤:
S21、判断动力电池的电量是否大于第一预设电量,若是,则执行步骤S22,若否,则执行步骤S24;
S22、判断所述重型运输车是否为半坡启动,若是,则执行步骤S24、若否,则执行步骤S23;
S23、判断重型运输车是否为紧急启动,若是,则执行步骤S24,若否,则执行步骤S25;
S24、控制所述发动机启动,以通过所述发动机起车;
S25、控制所述驱动电机启动,以通过所述驱动电机起车。
10.根据权利要求8所述的重型运输车的控制方法,其特征在于,当所述控制需求为驱动需求时,所述根据所述控制需求控制所述发动机和/或所述驱动电机启动包括如下步骤:
S201、判断所述动力电池的电量是否大于第二预设电量,若是,则执行步骤S203若否,则执行步骤S204;
S202、判断所述驱动电机的所产生的驱动力是否满足驱动需求,若是,则执行步骤S203,若否,则执行步骤S204;
S203、控制所述驱动电机启动,以通过所述驱动电机提供驱动力;
S204、判断所述发动机提供的驱动力是否满足驱动需求,若是,则执行步骤S205;若否,则执行步骤S206;
S205、控制所述发动机启动,以通过所述发动机提供驱动力;
S206、控制离合器处于闭合状态,并控制所述发动机及所述驱动电机分别启动,以通过并联的所述发动机及所述驱动电机同时提供驱动力。
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