CN112372005A - Preparation method of collar button type artificial cornea - Google Patents
Preparation method of collar button type artificial cornea Download PDFInfo
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- CN112372005A CN112372005A CN202011064327.7A CN202011064327A CN112372005A CN 112372005 A CN112372005 A CN 112372005A CN 202011064327 A CN202011064327 A CN 202011064327A CN 112372005 A CN112372005 A CN 112372005A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
- B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B25/00—Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines
- B23B25/02—Arrangements for chip-breaking in turning-machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B25/00—Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines
- B23B25/06—Measuring, gauging, or adjusting equipment on turning-machines for setting-on, feeding, controlling, or monitoring the cutting tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
Abstract
The invention specifically discloses a preparation method of a collar button type artificial cornea, which is applied to the production process of the collar button type artificial cornea comprising a lens column, a back plate and a clamping ring, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a processing blank, and inputting the processing blank into a numerical control lathe; s2, machining the mirror column, the rear plate and the clamping ring by using a numerical control lathe, and performing deburring and cleaning; s3, drying; s4, combining and packaging the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring by using the cleaned packaging material to form a collar buckle type artificial cornea preoperative packaging kit; and S5, sterilizing the collar button type artificial cornea preoperative packaging kit provided with the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring. The invention can improve the precision and the definition of the collar button type artificial cornea, realize the batch and standardized production of the collar button type artificial cornea, greatly improve the production efficiency and the qualification rate of finished products, and reduce the risk of pollution and the risk of non-uniform accessories of the collar button type artificial cornea in the preparation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering and artificial cornea production, in particular to a preparation method of a collar button type artificial cornea.
Background
In 7 months in 2019, according to the media reports of multiple families such as people network and southern city newspaper: "China independently develops the first collar button type artificial cornea clinical test successfully". This means that the medical application of the domestic collar button type artificial cornea takes an important step, and the artificial cornea is primarily suitable for clinical application, but the optimization of the structure and the industrialized production of the artificial cornea still need to be researched and developed. The collar button type artificial cornea comprises a mirror column, a back plate used as a mounting bracket of the mirror column and a clamping ring clamped on the outer side of one end part of the mirror column. The lens column is made of transparent material with excellent optical characteristics and stable physicochemical properties, and is used for replacing turbid cornea which obstructs an optical pathway of an eyeball after pathological changes, so that good optical resolution is required. The back plate is made of a hard material with good biocompatibility, the back plate is provided with a central through hole for mounting the lens column, and the back plate plays a role in supporting the carrier cornea, so that the back plate can be attached to the cornea only by a certain curvature. In addition, the common artificial cornea preparation method also comprises 3D printing forming or mould casting integral forming, the preparation process is relatively complicated, the method is difficult to adapt to batch and standardized production, the preparation process is easy to be polluted, the product precision is low, and the rehabilitation difficulty is increased and the visual definition is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a method for preparing a collar-button-type artificial cornea, which can improve the precision and definition of the collar-button-type artificial cornea, and can realize batch and standardized production of the collar-button-type artificial cornea, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency and the qualification rate of finished products, and reducing the risk of contamination and non-uniform fittings of the collar-button-type artificial cornea during the preparation process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a collar button type artificial cornea is applied to the production process of the collar button type artificial cornea comprising a lens column, a back plate and a clamping ring, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a processing blank, and inputting the processing blank into a numerical control lathe; taking a transparent bar as a first processing blank of the mirror column, taking a metal bar as a second processing blank of the back plate, and taking another metal bar as a third processing blank of the clamping ring;
s2, machining the corresponding first machining blank into a mirror column by using a first numerical control lathe according to a set first machining program and then cleaning the machined mirror column; processing a corresponding second processing blank into a rear plate by using a second numerical control lathe according to a set second processing program, and then performing deburring treatment and cleaning on the processed rear plate; machining the corresponding third machining blank into a clamping ring by using a second numerical control lathe or a third numerical control lathe according to a set third machining program, and then performing deburring treatment and cleaning on the machined clamping ring;
s3, drying the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring simultaneously or respectively;
s4, combining and packaging the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring by using packaging materials to form a collar buckle type artificial cornea preoperative packaging kit;
and S5, sterilizing the collar button type artificial cornea preoperative packaging kit provided with the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring.
Further, in S1, the PMMA particles after the drying process are injection molded using an injection molding machine, thereby obtaining a plurality of transparent rods as the first processing blank.
Furthermore, the lens column is mushroom-shaped and comprises an optical umbrella body part and an optical column body part which are sequentially arranged, and an annular groove for clamping a clamping ring is annularly arranged on the outer side surface of the optical column body part; in S2, the first machining program is to execute a first machining process by a first numerically controlled lathe, the first machining process including the steps of:
s211, carrying out zero point positioning on the numerical control lathe;
s212, carrying out outer diameter rough turning on the first processing blank according to the outline dimension of the mirror column;
s213, repeatedly finish-turning the end face of the workpiece obtained in the S212;
s214, roughly turning the workpiece obtained in the step S213 into a roughly-machined groove structure corresponding to the annular groove position;
s215, performing outer diameter finish turning on the workpiece obtained in the S213 according to the outer dimension of the mirror column;
s216, performing slot repeated finish turning on the rough machining groove structure machined in the S215 so as to machine the groove;
s217, performing repeated finish turning on the contour cambered surface of the inner umbrella surface of the optical umbrella body corresponding to the workpiece obtained in the S216;
s218, turning the contour cambered surface of the outer umbrella surface of the optical umbrella body part corresponding to the workpiece obtained in the S217;
and S219, cutting the workpiece obtained in the S218 to obtain a mirror column.
Furthermore, the rear plate is arc-shaped and provided with a first central through hole, and a plurality of distribution through holes are annularly arranged on the rear plate along the first central through hole; in S2, the second machining program executes a second machining process by the second numerically controlled lathe, the second machining process including the steps of:
s221, carrying out zero point positioning on the numerical control lathe;
s222, roughly turning the second processing blank to obtain an inner arc surface of the rear plate;
s223, roughly turning the workpiece obtained in the step S222 so as to form a plurality of end surface holes corresponding to the distribution through holes;
s224, roughly turning the workpiece obtained in the step S223 into an outer arc surface of the back plate;
s225, performing repeated finish turning on the inner arc surface of the workpiece obtained in the S224;
s226, performing repeated finish turning on the outer arc surface on the workpiece obtained in the S225;
s227, performing repeated finish turning on the end surface hole on the workpiece obtained in the S226 to machine the distribution through hole;
s228, drilling the workpiece obtained in the step S227 so as to machine a first rough machining center hole corresponding to the first center through hole;
s229, boring the first rough-machined center hole on the workpiece obtained in S228, thereby machining a first fine-machined center hole corresponding to the first center through-hole;
s2210, performing inner bore groove tool chamfering on the first finished central hole on the workpiece obtained in S229, thereby machining the first central through hole;
s2211, the workpiece obtained in S2210 is cut, thereby obtaining the rear plate.
Furthermore, the clamping ring is in a ring shape and is provided with a second central through hole; in S2, the third processing program executes a third processing step by using the second numerically controlled lathe or the third numerically controlled lathe, and the third processing step includes the steps of:
s231, carrying out zero point positioning by the numerical control lathe;
s232, drilling a third machining blank according to the outline dimension of the clamping ring, and machining a second rough machining center hole corresponding to the second center through hole;
s233, performing primary boring on the second rough-machined central hole machined in S232, thereby machining a second finish-machined central hole corresponding to the second central through hole;
s234, performing inner hole groove cutter back rake angle on the second finish machining center hole machined in the step S233, and machining a third finish machining center hole corresponding to the second center through hole;
s235, roughly turning the end face of the workpiece obtained in the S234 according to the outline dimension of the collar;
s236, repeatedly boring the third finishing center hole of the workpiece obtained in the S235 according to the external dimension of the collar, so as to machine a fourth finishing center hole corresponding to the second center through hole;
s237, performing inner hole groove tool back clearance on the fourth finish machining center hole machined in S236, thereby machining the second center through hole;
s238, turning the end surface of the workpiece obtained in the step S237 according to the external dimension of the clamping ring, and chamfering the included angle between the end surface and the outer side surface of the workpiece to form a rear chamfer;
s239, performing a back rake angle on the workpiece obtained in the step S238 according to the external dimension of the collar, and machining a front chamfer; the front chamfer and the rear chamfer are respectively positioned at the peripheral edges of the two end surfaces of the clamping ring;
s2310, repeatedly finish turning the end face of the workpiece obtained in the step S239 according to the outline dimension of the collar;
s2311, the workpiece obtained in S2310 is cut.
Further, between S2 and S3, the method further comprises:
s2201, simultaneously or respectively measuring or detecting the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring;
s2202, repeatedly cleaning the column, the back plate and the retainer ring by using an ultrasonic cleaner at the same time or separately.
Further, the following steps are also included between S2201 and S2202:
s2203, performing sand blasting treatment and cleaning on the rear plate;
and S2204, simultaneously or respectively carrying out oxidation treatment on the back plate and the clamping ring.
Further, in S5, the collar button type artificial pre-corneal surgery package kit is sterilized by ethylene oxide and an over-sterilization method.
Further, the first numerically controlled lathe removes scraps of the machined workpiece by using air flow in the machining process; and the second numerical control lathe and/or the third numerical control lathe uses the emulsifier to remove chips of the machined workpiece in the machining process.
Further, in S1, the metal bar as the second processing blank is made of titanium alloy or titanium metal, and the metal bar is subjected to the secondary annealing treatment and the secondary cryogenic treatment and then is machined by the numerically controlled lathe.
Further, the annealing temperature of the first annealing treatment is greater than or equal to 255 ℃ and less than or equal to 265 ℃, and the annealing temperature of the second annealing treatment is greater than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 800 ℃; the first subzero treatment temperature is greater than or equal to-180 deg.C and less than or equal to-100 deg.C, and the second subzero treatment temperature is greater than or equal to-230 deg.C and less than or equal to-200 deg.C.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the preparation method of the collar button type artificial cornea, the automatic feed tool changing machining process is realized on the machining blank through the numerical control lathe according to the machining program, the machined workpiece meets the clean requirement of an ophthalmic operation through the deburring and cleaning processes, and each part of the collar button type artificial cornea after cleaning reaches the E0-level medical sanitation requirement through the drying treatment, the packaging and the sterilization treatment, so that the batch and standardized production of the collar button type artificial cornea is realized, the production efficiency and the qualification rate of finished products are greatly improved, and the risk that the collar button type artificial cornea is polluted and the accessories are not unified in the preparation process is reduced. The invention can improve the precision and the definition of the collar button type artificial cornea; the high-precision machining process of the numerical control lathe enables the optical eccentricity of the produced mirror column to be kept within 10 mu m, under high-speed cutting, the surface finish and resolution of the artificial cornea meet the requirements when the cutting of the numerical control lathe is finished, the later polishing process is omitted, and the optical eccentricity of the mirror column is prevented from being influenced by the change of the front plate curvature of the artificial cornea caused by the polishing process; the numerical control lathe automatically executes the machining process, so that the process that the clamp needs to be installed again on the workpiece is omitted, and the production efficiency is improved; the numerical control lathe is used for machining the mirror column into a whole to form curvature in a centering mode, so that the machined rear plate has no internal stress, and the rear plate and the mirror column can be perfectly matched. The invention improves the biocompatibility, the eccentricity of the high-precision lens column conforms to the eye structure of a human body, and the comfort level of a patient after the implantation can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a neckline keratoprosthesis according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation method of a neckline type artificial cornea according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a path and process diagram of a first process step of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a feed path and a process diagram of a second process step of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a feed path and a process diagram of a third process step of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a microscopic structure view of a neckline type artificial cornea produced by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a microscopic structure view of a neckline type artificial cornea produced by a conventional process;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a neckline keratoprosthesis according to the present invention with respect to an eyeball;
description of reference numerals:
a lens barrel 1; a corneal implant 2; a rear plate 3; a first central through hole 31; a collar 4; a second central through hole 41; an optical umbrella body portion 11; an optical cylindrical portion 12; an annular groove 121; a first processed blank 100; a second processed blank 300; and a third processed blank 400.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like, are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the definitions of "first", "second", "third", "fourth" features may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for preparing a collar-button-type artificial cornea is applied to a production process of a collar-button-type artificial cornea (a cornea implant is numbered 2 in fig. 1) comprising a lens column 1, a back plate 3 and a collar 4, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a processing blank, and inputting the processing blank into a numerical control lathe; a third processing blank 400, in which a transparent bar is used as the first processing blank 100 of the mirror column 1, a metal bar is used as the second processing blank 300 of the back plate 3, and another metal bar is used as the collar 4; specifically, the transparent bar, the metal bar and the other metal bar are conveyed into a numerical control lathe through an automatic feeding device;
s2, machining the corresponding first machining blank 100 into the mirror column 1 by using a first numerical control lathe according to a set first machining program, and cleaning the machined mirror column 1; machining the corresponding second machining blank 300 into the rear plate 3 by using a second numerically controlled lathe according to a set second machining program, and then performing deburring and cleaning on the machined rear plate 3; machining the corresponding third machining blank 400 into the collar 4 by using a second numerical control lathe or a third numerical control lathe according to a set third machining program, and then performing deburring treatment and cleaning on the machined collar 4; specifically, the mirror column 1, the back plate 3 and the retainer ring 4 can be machined by starting different numerically controlled lathes at the same time or respectively and simultaneously; the rear plate 3 and the retainer ring 4 can be machined by different programs by feeding the same machine tool, and can also be machined by a second numerical control lathe and a third numerical control lathe respectively;
s3, drying the lens column 1, the back plate 3 and the clamping ring 4 simultaneously or respectively; specifically, drying treatment is carried out by using a centrifugal drying mode and a plasma fan drying mode;
s4, combining and packaging the lens column 1, the back plate 3 and the clamping ring 4 by using cleaned packaging materials to form a collar buckle type artificial cornea preoperative packaging kit;
s5, sterilizing the collar button type artificial cornea preoperative package kit provided with the lens column 1, the back plate 3 and the clamping ring 4.
Optimally, in S2, the workpiece is cleaned before the deburring processing is carried out on the workpiece, and the workpiece is cleaned again after the deburring processing is carried out on the workpiece; cleaning the processed rear plate 3 by using water flow before deburring treatment, and cleaning by adding water by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine after deburring treatment; when the ultrasonic cleaner is cleaned by adding water, the cleaning is carried out in a dust-free space; after the machining is cleaned, the temporary storage cabinet can be placed for natural drying, and then deburring is carried out.
Specifically, the back plate 3 and the retainer ring 4 are subjected to deburring by rotating the abrasive grinding machine, and then the back plate 3 and the retainer ring 4 are respectively screened out through different mesh screens.
Specifically, under high-speed cutting, the cutting speed related parameters of the numerically controlled lathe are as follows: the cutting speed is 15-80 mm/min, the feed rate is 0.1-0.25 mm/r, and the cutting depth is 0.15-0.2 mm, under the combined condition, the surface smoothness and resolution of the artificial cornea meet the requirements when the cutting of a numerical control lathe is finished, the post-polishing process is omitted, and the optical eccentricity of a lens column is prevented from being influenced due to the change of the curvature of a front plate of the artificial cornea caused by the polishing process.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in S1, the dried medical optical grade PMMA particles are injection molded by using an injection molding machine, so as to obtain a plurality of transparent bars as the first processing blank 100.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-3, the mirror column 1 is mushroom-shaped, and includes an optical umbrella body 11 and an optical column body 12 that are sequentially arranged, and an annular groove 121 for clamping the collar 4 is annularly arranged on the outer side surface of the optical column body 12; in S2, the first machining program is to execute a first machining process by a first numerically controlled lathe, the first machining process including the steps of:
s211, carrying out zero point positioning on the numerical control lathe;
s212, carrying out outer diameter rough turning on the first processing blank 100 according to the external dimension of the mirror column 1;
s213, repeatedly finish-turning the end face of the workpiece obtained in the S212;
s214, roughly turning the insertion grooves of the workpiece obtained in the step S213 to form a roughly-machined groove structure corresponding to the position of the annular groove 121;
s215, performing outer diameter finish turning on the workpiece obtained in the S213 according to the external dimension of the mirror column 1;
s216, performing slot repeated finish turning on the rough-machined groove structure machined in S215, thereby machining the annular groove 121;
s217, performing repeated finish turning on the contour arc surface of the inner umbrella surface of the optical umbrella body part 11 corresponding to the workpiece obtained in the S216;
s218, turning the contour arc surface of the outer umbrella surface of the optical umbrella body part 11 corresponding to the workpiece obtained in the S217;
s219, the workpiece obtained in S218 is cut, and the mirror column 1 is obtained.
The process sequence of the steps S211 to S219 ensures the processing precision of the lens column 1 and improves the production efficiency of the lens column 1, and the fine structure of the processed lens column 1 meets the requirements of ophthalmological biocompatibility and postoperative visual definition.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, 2, and 4, the rear plate 3 is arc-dish-shaped and is provided with a first central through hole 31, and the rear plate 3 is provided with a plurality of distribution through holes along the first central through hole 31; in S2, the second machining program executes a second machining process by the second numerically controlled lathe, the second machining process including the steps of:
s221, carrying out zero point positioning on the numerical control lathe;
s222, roughly turning the second processing blank 300 to obtain an inner arc surface of the rear plate 3;
s223, roughly turning the workpiece obtained in the step S222 so as to form a plurality of end surface holes corresponding to the distribution through holes;
s224, roughly turning the workpiece obtained in the step S223 into an outer arc surface of the back plate 3;
s225, performing repeated finish turning on the inner arc surface of the workpiece obtained in the S224;
s226, performing repeated finish turning on the outer arc surface on the workpiece obtained in the S225;
s227, performing repeated finish turning on the end surface hole on the workpiece obtained in the S226 to machine the distribution through hole;
s228, drilling the workpiece obtained in S227, thereby machining a first rough machining center hole corresponding to the first center through hole 31;
s229, boring the first rough-machined center hole on the workpiece obtained in S228, thereby machining a first finished center hole corresponding to the first center through-hole 31;
s2210 of chamfering the first finished central hole on the workpiece obtained in S229 with an inner bore groove cutter, thereby machining the first central through-hole 31;
s2211, the workpiece obtained in S2210 is cut, thereby obtaining the rear plate 3.
The process sequence of steps S221 to S2211 ensures the machining accuracy of the back plate 3 and improves the production efficiency of the back plate 3, and the fine structure of the machined back plate 3 meets the requirements of ophthalmological biocompatibility and postoperative visual definition.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the collar 4 is ring-shaped and is provided with a second central through hole 41; in S2, the third processing program executes a third processing step by the second numerically controlled lathe or the third numerically controlled lathe, the third processing step including the steps of:
s231, carrying out zero point positioning by the numerical control lathe;
s232, drilling the third machining blank 400 according to the external dimension of the collar 4, so as to machine a second rough machining center hole corresponding to the second center through hole 41;
s233, performing primary boring on the second rough-machined center hole machined in S232, thereby machining a second finish-machined center hole corresponding to the second center through hole 41;
s234, performing an inner bore groove tool back rake angle on the second finish-machined central hole machined in S233, thereby machining a third finish-machined central hole corresponding to the second central through hole 41;
s235, roughly turning the end face of the workpiece obtained in the S234 according to the external dimension of the collar 4;
s236, repeatedly boring the third finish-machined central hole of the workpiece obtained in S235 according to the outer dimension of the collar 4, thereby machining a fourth finish-machined central hole corresponding to the second central through hole 41;
s237, performing inner hole groove chamfer cutting on the fourth finish machining center hole machined in S236 to machine the second center through hole 41;
s238, turning the end surface of the workpiece obtained in S237 according to the outer dimension of the collar 4, and chamfering an included angle between the end surface and the outer side surface of the workpiece to form a rear chamfer;
s239, performing a back rake angle on the workpiece obtained in the S238 according to the external dimension of the collar 4, and machining a front chamfer; the front chamfer and the rear chamfer are respectively positioned at the peripheral edges of the two end surfaces of the clamping ring 4;
s2310, repeatedly finish turning the end face of the workpiece obtained in the step S239 according to the outline dimension of the retainer ring 4;
s2311, the workpiece obtained in S2310 is cut.
The process sequence of the steps S231 to S2311 ensures the processing precision of the clamping ring 4, improves the production efficiency of the clamping ring 4, and the fine structure of the processed artificial cornea meets the biocompatibility of ophthalmology.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, between S2 and S3, the method further includes:
s2201, simultaneously or respectively measuring or detecting the lens column 1, the back plate 3 and the clamping ring 4; specifically, the overall dimension of the lens column 1, the back plate 3 and the retainer ring 4 is measured, and the optical resolution of the lens column 1 is detected to remove unqualified products;
s2202, the column 1, the back plate 3, and the retainer ring 4 are repeatedly cleaned by an ultrasonic cleaning machine at the same time or separately.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the following steps are further included between S2201 and S2202:
s2203, performing sand blasting treatment and cleaning again on the rear plate 3; the natural color of pure titanium is silver with metal reflection, if the surface of the material is not processed, strong reflection can be generated under the irradiation of an operating lamp during implantation, so that great discomfort is caused to an operating doctor, and in addition, after the silver titanium backboard is implanted into an eye, the appearance of a patient is greatly different from that of a brown eyeball of a normal Chinese person; the surface of the titanium back plate is subjected to sand blasting treatment, so that the problem of strong light reflection under the irradiation of an operating lamp is solved; the sandblasting treatment also improves the biocompatibility of the rear plate 3;
s2204, oxidizing the back plate 3 and the retainer ring 4 simultaneously or respectively; coloring contrast is needed after oxidation treatment; the surface of the back plate is oxidized into a color similar to the color of the Chinese iris, so that the difference between the postoperative appearance of the patient and the normal eyes of the patient is reduced, and the social confidence of the patient after the operation is increased.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, in S5, the collar button type artificial cornea pre-operation packaging kit is sterilized by using ethylene oxide and an over sterilization method; specifically, ethylene oxide is used for sterilizing the lens column 1, the back plate 3 and the clamping ring 4 through dialysis paper of the collar buckle type artificial cornea preoperative packaging kit, and aging of the lens column 1 in the sterilization process can be avoided by using the ethylene oxide.
Further, the first numerically controlled lathe uses air flow to remove chips and cool the machined workpiece in the machining process; and the second numerically controlled lathe and/or the third numerically controlled lathe uses an emulsifier to remove chips and cool the machined workpiece in the machining process.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, in S1, a titanium alloy or a titanium metal is used as the metal bar of the second processing blank 300; the metal bar is machined by a numerical control lathe after secondary annealing treatment and secondary subzero treatment;
the annealing temperature of the first annealing treatment is more than or equal to 255 ℃ and less than or equal to 265 ℃, and the annealing temperature of the second annealing treatment is more than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 800 ℃; the cold treatment temperature of the first cryogenic treatment is greater than or equal to-180 ℃ and less than or equal to-100 ℃, and the cold treatment temperature of the second cryogenic treatment is greater than or equal to-230 ℃ and less than or equal to-200 ℃; the titanium metal back plate after the temperature range treatment meets the requirements of high precision, high biocompatibility and strong assembly adaptability.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, in S2, the numerical control lathe uses an air flow to remove chips from the first processed blank 100 during the processing; because the vitrification temperature of PMMA material is about 105 degrees, the material is hard and easy to break, in order to cut the skirt edge of the artificial keratoscope column with the thickness of only 0.02mm (as shown in a white color mark circle at the upper left corner of figure 6), an online cooling system is additionally arranged on the basis of the original numerical control lathe, and the instantaneous cooling is carried out from a specific position at the key cutting time point through programming control, so the cutting speed of the feed of the numerical control lathe can be further accelerated, the PMMA bar material is not required to be fused by worrying about generating overhigh temperature, the artificial keratoscope column with high degree of attachment with the surface of an eyeball is produced, the long-term on-site rate after the artificial keratoscope operation is directly improved, and the discomfort of the ocular surface of a patient after implantation is relieved.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, by comparing fig. 6 and 7, the advantages of the present invention in terms of processing precision are clearly reflected, and an ultra-thin mirror column skirt can be processed; the lens barrel skirt construction indicated by the white arrow at the top left corner of fig. 7 is produced by conventional techniques and is relatively thick and lacks fineness.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A preparation method of a collar button type artificial cornea is applied to the production process of the collar button type artificial cornea comprising a lens column, a back plate and a clamping ring, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a processing blank, and inputting the processing blank into a numerical control lathe; taking a transparent bar as a first processing blank of the mirror column, taking a metal bar as a second processing blank of the back plate, and taking another metal bar as a third processing blank of the clamping ring;
s2, machining the corresponding first machining blank into a mirror column by using a first numerical control lathe according to a set first machining program and then cleaning the machined mirror column; processing a corresponding second processing blank into a rear plate by using a second numerical control lathe according to a set second processing program, and then performing deburring treatment and cleaning on the processed rear plate; machining the corresponding third machining blank into a clamping ring by using a second numerical control lathe or a third numerical control lathe according to a set third machining program, and then performing deburring treatment and cleaning on the machined clamping ring;
s3, drying the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring simultaneously or respectively;
s4, combining and packaging the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring by using packaging materials to form a collar buckle type artificial cornea preoperative packaging kit;
and S5, sterilizing the collar button type artificial cornea preoperative packaging kit provided with the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the dried PMMA pellets are injection molded by an injection molding machine to obtain a plurality of transparent rods as the first processing blank in S1.
3. The method for preparing the neckline type artificial cornea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the column is mushroom-shaped and comprises an optical umbrella body part and an optical cylinder part which are arranged in sequence, and an annular groove for clamping a clamping ring is arranged on the outer side surface of the optical cylinder part; in S2, the first machining program is to execute a first machining process by a first numerically controlled lathe, the first machining process including the steps of:
s211, carrying out zero point positioning on the numerical control lathe;
s212, carrying out outer diameter rough turning on the first processing blank according to the outline dimension of the mirror column;
s213, repeatedly finish-turning the end face of the workpiece obtained in the S212;
s214, roughly turning the workpiece obtained in the step S213 into a roughly-machined groove structure corresponding to the annular groove position;
s215, performing outer diameter finish turning on the workpiece obtained in the S213 according to the outer dimension of the mirror column;
s216, performing slot repeated finish turning on the rough machining groove structure machined in the S215 so as to machine the groove;
s217, performing repeated finish turning on the contour cambered surface of the inner umbrella surface of the optical umbrella body corresponding to the workpiece obtained in the S216;
s218, turning the contour cambered surface of the outer umbrella surface of the optical umbrella body part corresponding to the workpiece obtained in the S217;
and S219, cutting the workpiece obtained in the S218 to obtain a mirror column.
4. The method for preparing a neckline type artificial cornea according to claim 1, wherein the back plate is arc-dish shaped and provided with a first central through hole, and the back plate is provided with a plurality of distribution through holes along the first central through hole; in S2, the second machining program executes a second machining process by the second numerically controlled lathe, the second machining process including the steps of:
s221, carrying out zero point positioning on the numerical control lathe;
s222, roughly turning the second processing blank to obtain an inner arc surface of the rear plate;
s223, roughly turning the workpiece obtained in the step S222 so as to form a plurality of end surface holes corresponding to the distribution through holes;
s224, roughly turning the workpiece obtained in the step S223 into an outer arc surface of the back plate;
s225, performing repeated finish turning on the inner arc surface of the workpiece obtained in the S224;
s226, performing repeated finish turning on the outer arc surface on the workpiece obtained in the S225;
s227, performing repeated finish turning on the end surface hole on the workpiece obtained in the S226 to machine the distribution through hole;
s228, drilling the workpiece obtained in the step S227 so as to machine a first rough machining center hole corresponding to the first center through hole;
s229, boring the first rough-machined center hole on the workpiece obtained in S228, thereby machining a first fine-machined center hole corresponding to the first center through-hole;
s2210, performing inner bore groove tool chamfering on the first finished central hole on the workpiece obtained in S229, thereby machining the first central through hole;
s2211, the workpiece obtained in S2210 is cut, thereby obtaining the rear plate.
5. The method for preparing a neckline keratoprosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the collar is in the shape of a ring and has a second central through hole; in S2, the third processing program executes a third processing step by using the second numerically controlled lathe or the third numerically controlled lathe, and the third processing step includes the steps of:
s231, carrying out zero point positioning by the numerical control lathe;
s232, drilling a third machining blank according to the outline dimension of the clamping ring, and machining a second rough machining center hole corresponding to the second center through hole;
s233, performing primary boring on the second rough-machined central hole machined in S232, thereby machining a second finish-machined central hole corresponding to the second central through hole;
s234, performing inner hole groove cutter back rake angle on the second finish machining center hole machined in the step S233, and machining a third finish machining center hole corresponding to the second center through hole;
s235, roughly turning the end face of the workpiece obtained in the S234 according to the outline dimension of the collar;
s236, repeatedly boring the third finishing center hole of the workpiece obtained in the S235 according to the external dimension of the collar, so as to machine a fourth finishing center hole corresponding to the second center through hole;
s237, performing inner hole groove tool back clearance on the fourth finish machining center hole machined in S236, thereby machining the second center through hole;
s238, turning the end surface of the workpiece obtained in the step S237 according to the external dimension of the clamping ring, and chamfering the included angle between the end surface and the outer side surface of the workpiece to form a rear chamfer;
s239, performing a back rake angle on the workpiece obtained in the step S238 according to the external dimension of the collar, and machining a front chamfer; the front chamfer and the rear chamfer are respectively positioned at the peripheral edges of the two end surfaces of the clamping ring;
s2310, repeatedly finish turning the end face of the workpiece obtained in the step S239 according to the outline dimension of the collar;
s2311, the workpiece obtained in S2310 is cut.
6. The method for preparing a neckline keratoprosthesis of claim 1, further comprising between S2 and S3:
s2201, simultaneously or respectively measuring or detecting the lens column, the back plate and the clamping ring;
s2202, repeatedly cleaning the column, the back plate and the retainer ring by using an ultrasonic cleaner at the same time or separately.
7. The method for preparing a neckline keratoprosthesis according to claim 6, further comprising the steps of, between S2201 and S2202:
s2203, performing sand blasting treatment and cleaning on the rear plate;
and S2204, simultaneously or respectively carrying out oxidation treatment on the back plate and the clamping ring.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-operative collar-button keratoprosthesis packaging kit is sterilized by ethylene oxide and over-sterilization in S5.
9. The method for preparing a neckline type artificial cornea according to claim 1, wherein the first numerically controlled lathe uses an air flow to remove chips from a work piece during machining; and the second numerical control lathe and/or the third numerical control lathe uses the emulsifier to remove chips of the machined workpiece in the machining process.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the metal bar as the second processing blank is made of titanium alloy or titanium metal, and the metal bar is subjected to the second annealing treatment and the second cryogenic treatment and then machined by the numerically controlled lathe.
11. The method for preparing a neckline type artificial cornea according to claim 10, wherein the annealing temperature of the first annealing treatment is greater than or equal to 255 ℃ and less than or equal to 265 ℃, and the annealing temperature of the second annealing treatment is greater than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 800 ℃; the first subzero treatment temperature is greater than or equal to-180 deg.C and less than or equal to-100 deg.C, and the second subzero treatment temperature is greater than or equal to-230 deg.C and less than or equal to-200 deg.C.
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