CN112371972A - Powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for carbon-ceramic brake disc of motor train unit train and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for carbon-ceramic brake disc of motor train unit train and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112371972A CN112371972A CN202011157743.1A CN202011157743A CN112371972A CN 112371972 A CN112371972 A CN 112371972A CN 202011157743 A CN202011157743 A CN 202011157743A CN 112371972 A CN112371972 A CN 112371972A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/105—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0026—Non-ferro
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
- F16D2200/0073—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles having lubricating properties
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0086—Moulding materials together by application of heat and pressure
Abstract
The invention discloses a powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for a carbon-ceramic brake disc of a motor train unit train and a preparation method thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of railway product part processing and manufacturing, in particular to a powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for a carbon-ceramic brake disc of a motor train unit train and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the high-speed railway in China has great and profound development, and the mileage of the high-speed railway is close to 2 kilometers and covers over 50 million population cities by 2020, at that time, the four longitudinal and four transverse railway rapid passenger transport system in China is to be built comprehensively, and China enters the high-speed rail era.
As the speed of trains increases, how to safely stop trains running at high speed is an important issue related to life and property safety. The train brake has various modes such as resistance brake, magnetic track brake, eddy current brake, friction brake and the like, wherein the friction brake is indispensable. The friction braking mode is to convert kinetic energy into heat energy through friction and then dissipate the heat energy into the atmosphere. The friction brake of the high-speed train usually adopts a disc brake mode, and the purpose of consuming the kinetic energy of the train is achieved by utilizing the mutual friction between a brake disc and a brake pad. Therefore, the performance of these two components becomes an important aspect in relation to the operational safety of the train.
At present, high-speed motor train units operated on China railways mainly comprise CRH1, CRH2, CRH3 and CRH5 series, and all use a disc brake mode. At present, the domestic motor train unit train is mostly braked by adopting a brake disc made of cast steel, and due to the material reason, the cast steel brake disc has the advantages of overlarge weight and capability of generating a heat fading effect under a high-temperature state, so that the braking distance of the train and the service life of the brake disc are influenced.
The carbon ceramic brake disc is made of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide-based composite materials, has the characteristics of light weight, good thermal stability at high temperature and the like, and perfectly solves the defects of the existing cast steel brake disc. Carbon-ceramic brake discs are currently widely used in airplanes and high-speed racing cars. Carbon-ceramic brake discs for high-speed railways are also in the process of development and batch conversion. It is anticipated that in the near future, high speed railway brake discs will inevitably use carbon-ceramic brake discs instead of the cast steel brake discs currently used.
The brake pad friction body is characterized in that the brake pad friction body is made of a carbon ceramic disc, and the carbon ceramic disc is made of a carbon ceramic material. Therefore, a brake pad friction body specially designed for the carbon ceramic disc for the high-speed train is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for a carbon-ceramic brake disc of a motor train unit train and a preparation method thereof.
The scheme of the invention is as follows:
a powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for a carbon-ceramic brake disc of a motor train unit comprises a base material and a framework component bonding material, wherein the base material comprises a basic component, a lubricating component and a friction component.
As a preferable technical scheme, the basic components comprise copper-nickel alloy, iron powder, ferrochrome powder and molybdenum trioxide; the lubricating component comprises zinc sulfide and graphite; the friction component comprises titanium dioxide, zirconia, green silicon carbide and zircon sand.
As a preferred technical scheme, the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
as a preferred technical scheme, the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
as a preferred technical scheme, the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
as a preferred technical scheme, the framework component bonding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
according to a preferable technical scheme, the copper-nickel alloy is B10 copper-nickel alloy, the iron powder is reduced iron powder, the ferrochrome powder is high-carbon ferrochrome powder, the molybdenum trioxide is nano molybdenum trioxide, and the graphite is flake graphite.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing, namely weighing a base material and a framework component binding material, and rechecking after weighing, wherein the base material comprises a basic component, a lubricating component and a friction component;
2) drying and uniformly mixing, and respectively drying the friction component and the lubricating component; after the drying, uniformly mixing the basic component and the lubricating component, adding polyethylene glycol during the uniform mixing process, then continuously mixing, and after the mixing is finished, adding the friction component to continuously perform mixing operation to obtain a mixture; mixing the framework assembly binder, and adding aviation kerosene to perform mixing operation in the process of mixing the framework assembly binder;
3) pressing, namely downwards placing the friction body framework pin into a mold cavity, pouring the framework component binding material after mixing into the mold cavity, pouring the mixture into the mold cavity, performing pressing operation, and taking out the pressed friction body component after pressing;
4) sintering, namely sintering the friction body assembly after pressing the friction body assembly;
5) detecting, after the sintering operation is finished, carrying out related physical property tests on the product, and entering the next procedure if the physical property tests meet the standard requirements;
6) and (4) preparing a finished product, namely performing a re-pressing operation on the finished product after sintering which meets the standard, marking and assembling the finished product after the re-pressing operation is finished, and obtaining the finished brake pad after the assembling is finished.
As a preferred technical scheme, in the step 1), the base material and the framework component binding material are sequentially weighed from an automatic blanking system;
as a preferred technical scheme, the friction component and the lubrication component are respectively placed into a dual-temperature-zone precise oven for material drying; drying the friction component materials at 80-120 ℃ for 60-120min, drying the lubrication component materials at 90-150 ℃ for 80-200min, pre-mixing the dried lubrication component materials in a cone-shaped mixer for 60-120min, pre-mixing the basic components in a screw belt type double mixer for 120-240min, pre-mixing the dried friction component materials in a vertical ball mill for 180min, mixing the basic components and the lubrication component materials in a horizontal high-speed mixer, adding 5-10% of polyethylene glycol based on the total weight of the basic components by using automatic liquid filling equipment, mixing the materials for 100-180min, wherein the polyethylene glycol adding time is 80-160min, after mixing, putting the friction components after premixing into a horizontal high-speed mixer for further mixing for 60-120min, putting the framework component binding material into a V-shaped mixer, adding aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the framework component binding material for mixing for 60-180 min;
as a preferred technical scheme, in the step 3), the mixed material of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component after the material mixing is placed in a material bin of an automatic weighing and feeding system, the weight of the weighed material is set, the skeleton component bonding material after the material mixing is weighed by using an electronic scale and is manually poured into a mold cavity, and the mixed material of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component after the material mixing is poured into the mold cavity by using the automatic weighing and feeding system;
as a preferred technical solution, the sintering operation performed on the friction body assembly in the step 4) includes the following steps:
1) inputting the numerical values of the required pressure, temperature and time into a control panel of the powder metallurgy pressure type sintering system;
2) the pin of the friction body assembly is downwards placed into a groove formed by a framework of a friction body of a grinding disc of a sintering furnace stone, the graphite discs after being placed are placed on a base of a sintering furnace of a pressurized sintering system one by one, an inner container of the sintering furnace and a heating cover are placed on the base of the sintering furnace in sequence, hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas is introduced into the inner container of the sintering furnace, and the ratio of the hydrogen to the nitrogen of the hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas is 3: 2, starting a switch of the powder metallurgy pressurized sintering system to perform sintering operation;
3) after heating, the heating cover of the sintering furnace is separated, the cooling cover of the sintering furnace is placed, meanwhile, a cooling water circulation and air cooling machine is started to cool the heating cover, when the temperature is reduced to below 50 ℃, the cooling cover and the inner container of the sintering furnace can be separated, and sintering operation is finished.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the effective temperature zone of the sintering furnace in the step 4), the number of graphite disc layers is less than 20.
As a preferable technical scheme, the basic components in the step 1) comprise 30-40% of copper-nickel alloy, 24-30% of iron powder, 8-12% of ferrochrome powder and 3-5% of molybdenum trioxide; weighing the lubricating component which comprises 3-5% of zinc sulfide and 3-7% of graphite by weight; the weighed friction components comprise 5-10% by weight of titanium dioxide, 2-3% by weight of zirconium oxide, 2-4% by weight of green silicon carbide and 1-2% by weight of zircon sand; weighing 50% by weight of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30% by weight of reduced iron powder, 10% by weight of manganese powder, 5% by weight of molybdenum powder and 5% by weight of tin powder in the skeleton component bonding material;
the copper-nickel alloy is B10 copper-nickel alloy, the iron powder is reduced iron powder, the ferrochrome powder is high-carbon ferrochrome powder, the molybdenum trioxide is nano molybdenum trioxide, and the graphite is flake graphite;
after the material drying in the step 2) is finished, respectively carrying out premix operation on the lubricating component, the basic component and the friction component, mixing the basic component and the lubricating component after the premix operation is finished uniformly,
polyethylene glycol accounting for 5-10% of the total weight of the base material is added in the step 2), and aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the skeleton assembly binder material in the step 2) is added;
in the step 3), the pressing pressure is 6-15MPa, and the pressing time is 15-60S;
the sintering operation pressure in the step 4) is 6.0-8.0MPa, the temperature is 1080-1180 ℃, and the time is 160-200 min;
the physical property test in the step 5) comprises density, hardness and shear strength.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps: 1) weighing, namely weighing the base material and the framework component binding material, and rechecking after weighing, wherein the weighed base components comprise 30-40% of copper-nickel alloy, 24-30% of iron powder, 8-12% of ferrochrome powder and 3-5% of molybdenum trioxide by weight; weighing the lubricating component which comprises 3-5% of zinc sulfide and 3-7% of graphite by weight; the weighed friction components comprise 5-10% by weight of titanium dioxide, 2-3% by weight of zirconium oxide, 2-4% by weight of green silicon carbide and 1-2% by weight of zircon sand; weighing 50% by weight of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30% by weight of reduced iron powder, 10% by weight of manganese powder, 5% by weight of molybdenum powder and 5% by weight of tin powder in the skeleton component bonding material; 2) drying and uniformly mixing, and respectively drying the friction component and the lubricating component; after the drying is finished, respectively carrying out premix operation on the lubricating component, the basic component and the friction component, mixing and uniformly mixing the basic component and the lubricating component after the premix operation is finished, adding polyethylene glycol accounting for 5-10% of the total weight of the basic material in the process of uniformly mixing, then continuously mixing, and adding the friction component after the premix operation is finished to continuously carry out mixing operation after the mixing is finished to obtain a mixture of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component; mixing the framework component binding material, and adding aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the framework component binding material in the framework component binding material mixing process to perform mixing operation; 3) pressing, namely, downwards placing a friction body framework pin into a mold cavity, pouring the framework component binding material after mixing into the mold cavity, pouring the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component mixture into the mold cavity, performing pressing operation, wherein the pressing pressure is 6-15MPa, the pressing time is 15-60S, and taking out the pressed friction body component after pressing; 4) sintering, after the friction body assembly is pressed, sintering the friction body assembly at the pressure of 6.0-8.0MPa, the temperature of 1080-1180 ℃ and the time of 160-200 min; 5) detecting, after the sintering operation is finished, carrying out related physical property tests on the product, and entering the next procedure if the physical property tests meet the standard requirements; 6) and (4) preparing a finished product, namely performing a re-pressing operation on the finished product after sintering which meets the standard, marking and assembling the finished product after the re-pressing operation is finished, and obtaining the finished brake pad after the assembling is finished.
B10 copper-nickel alloy is used as a matrix, has high melting point and high fusion with other metal powder, and can effectively improve the strength and the heat conductivity of the matrix; the nanometer molybdenum trioxide is used as a matrix component, and the adding proportion of other materials in the formula is adjusted to strengthen the matrix strength of the product, so that the brake pad can prevent slag falling, block falling and abnormal abrasion of friction materials under high-temperature braking, and the service life of the brake pad can be prolonged;
the raw materials contained in the friction component and the lubricating component are placed in an oven for drying, so that volatile impurities such as water, grease and the like in the materials are removed, and the compactness during sintering is improved. Various materials are divided according to components and premixed, so that the uniformity of material mixing can be effectively improved, the subsequent material mixing time is reduced, the phenomena of material abrasion and particle loss caused by overlong material mixing time are avoided, and the strength of a friction body is improved;
the brake pad with the framework can improve the binding force of the friction material and the framework, effectively prevent the friction body from falling off, avoid the phenomenon of dislocation between the framework and the friction body, prolong the service life of the brake pad, reduce the labor intensity of subsequent sintering and improve the product percent of pass.
The compactness of the friction body is improved by adopting pressure sintering, the mechanical and physical properties required by the relevant standards of products can be obtained, the mechanical strength is higher, the phenomena of slag falling, block falling, falling and the like caused by too low mechanical strength are avoided, and the service life of the brake pad is prolonged. In order to save cost and reduce the risk of flammability and explosiveness of pure hydrogen, ammonia decomposition gas is used as protective gas.
The invention has the advantages that:
the physical property and the friction property of the carbon ceramic disc powder metallurgy brake pad for the high-speed train produced by the invention both meet the relevant standard requirements of the powder metallurgy brake pad for the carbon ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit, so the product has very wide market application prospect.
Detailed Description
In order to make up for the defects, the invention provides a powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for a carbon-ceramic brake disc of a train of a motor train unit and a preparation method thereof so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
A powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for a carbon-ceramic brake disc of a motor train unit comprises a base material and a framework component bonding material, wherein the base material comprises a basic component, a lubricating component and a friction component.
The basic components comprise copper-nickel alloy, iron powder, ferrochrome powder and molybdenum trioxide; the lubricating component comprises zinc sulfide and graphite; the friction component comprises titanium dioxide, zirconia, green silicon carbide and zircon sand.
The base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the framework component bonding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the copper-nickel alloy is B10 copper-nickel alloy, the iron powder is reduced iron powder, the ferrochrome powder is high-carbon ferrochrome powder, the molybdenum trioxide is nano molybdenum trioxide, and the graphite is flake graphite.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing, namely weighing the base material and the framework component binding material, and rechecking after weighing, wherein the weighed base components comprise 30-40% of copper-nickel alloy, 24-30% of iron powder, 8-12% of ferrochrome powder and 3-5% of molybdenum trioxide by weight; weighing the lubricating component which comprises 3-5% of zinc sulfide and 3-7% of graphite by weight; the weighed friction components comprise 5-10% by weight of titanium dioxide, 2-3% by weight of zirconium oxide, 2-4% by weight of green silicon carbide and 1-2% by weight of zircon sand; weighing 50% by weight of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30% by weight of reduced iron powder, 10% by weight of manganese powder, 5% by weight of molybdenum powder and 5% by weight of tin powder in the skeleton component bonding material;
2) drying and uniformly mixing, and respectively drying the friction component and the lubricating component; after the drying is finished, respectively carrying out premix operation on the lubricating component, the basic component and the friction component, mixing and uniformly mixing the basic component and the lubricating component after the premix operation is finished, adding polyethylene glycol accounting for 5-10% of the total weight of the basic material in the process of uniformly mixing, then continuously mixing, and adding the friction component after the premix operation is finished to continuously carry out mixing operation after the mixing is finished to obtain a mixture of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component; mixing the framework component binding material, and adding aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the framework component binding material in the framework component binding material mixing process to perform mixing operation;
3) pressing, namely, downwards placing a friction body framework pin into a mold cavity, pouring the framework component binding material after mixing into the mold cavity, pouring the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component mixture into the mold cavity, performing pressing operation, wherein the pressing pressure is 6-15MPa, the pressing time is 15-60S, and taking out the pressed friction body component after pressing;
4) sintering, after the friction body assembly is pressed, sintering the friction body assembly at the pressure of 6.0-8.0MPa, the temperature of 1080-1180 ℃ and the time of 160-200 min;
5) detecting, after the sintering operation is finished, carrying out related physical property tests on the product, and entering the next procedure if the physical property tests meet the standard requirements;
6) and (4) preparing a finished product, namely performing a re-pressing operation on the finished product after sintering which meets the standard, marking and assembling the finished product after the re-pressing operation is finished, and obtaining the finished brake pad after the assembling is finished.
Sequentially weighing the base material and the framework component binding material from an automatic blanking system in the step 1);
respectively placing the friction component and the lubricating component into a double-temperature-zone precise oven to carry out material drying operation; drying the friction component materials at 80-120 ℃ for 60-120min, drying the lubrication component materials at 90-150 ℃ for 80-200min, pre-mixing the dried lubrication component materials in a cone-shaped mixer for 60-120min, pre-mixing the basic components in a screw belt type double mixer for 120-240min, pre-mixing the dried friction component materials in a vertical ball mill for 180min, mixing the basic components and the lubrication component materials in a horizontal high-speed mixer, adding 5-10% of polyethylene glycol based on the total weight of the basic components by using automatic liquid filling equipment, mixing the materials for 100-180min, wherein the polyethylene glycol adding time is 80-160min, after mixing, putting the friction components after premixing into a horizontal high-speed mixer for further mixing for 60-120min, putting the framework component binding material into a V-shaped mixer, adding aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the framework component binding material for mixing for 60-180 min;
in the step 3), the mixed material of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component after the material mixing is placed in a material bin of an automatic weighing and feeding system, the weight of the weighed material is set, the skeleton component bonding material after the material mixing is weighed by using an electronic scale and is manually poured into a die cavity, and the mixed material of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component after the material mixing is poured into the die cavity by using the automatic weighing and feeding system;
the sintering operation of the friction body assembly in the step 4) comprises the following operation steps:
1) inputting the numerical values of the required pressure, temperature and time into a control panel of the powder metallurgy pressure type sintering system;
2) the pin of the friction body assembly is downwards placed into a groove formed by a framework of a friction body of a grinding disc of a sintering furnace stone, the graphite discs after being placed are placed on a base of a sintering furnace of a pressurized sintering system one by one, an inner container of the sintering furnace and a heating cover are placed on the base of the sintering furnace in sequence, hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas is introduced into the inner container of the sintering furnace, and the ratio of the hydrogen to the nitrogen of the hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas is 3: 2, starting a switch of the powder metallurgy pressurized sintering system to perform sintering operation;
3) after heating, the heating cover of the sintering furnace is separated, the cooling cover of the sintering furnace is placed, meanwhile, a cooling water circulation and air cooling machine is started to cool the heating cover, when the temperature is reduced to below 50 ℃, the cooling cover and the inner container of the sintering furnace can be separated, and sintering operation is finished.
In the effective temperature area of the sintering furnace in the step 4), the number of the graphite discs is less than 20.
The copper-nickel alloy in the step 1) is B10 copper-nickel alloy, the iron powder is reduced iron powder, the ferrochrome powder is high-carbon ferrochrome powder, the molybdenum trioxide is nano molybdenum trioxide, the graphite is flake graphite, and the physical property test in the step 5) comprises density, hardness and shearing strength.
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
1) firstly, sequentially weighing a base material and a framework component binding material from an automatic blanking system, weighing and rechecking after the weighing is finished, wherein the base material is divided into a basic component, a lubricating component and a friction component, and the weighed basic component comprises 30 weight percent of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 24 weight percent of reduced iron powder, 8 weight percent of high-carbon ferrochrome powder and 3 weight percent of nano molybdenum trioxide; weighing the lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component comprises 3% of zinc sulfide and 3% of crystalline flake graphite by weight; the weighed friction components comprise 5 weight percent of titanium dioxide, 2 weight percent of zirconium oxide, 2 weight percent of green silicon carbide and 1 weight percent of zircon sand; weighing 50% by weight of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30% by weight of reduced iron powder, 10% by weight of manganese powder, 5% by weight of molybdenum powder and 5% by weight of tin powder in the skeleton component bonding material;
2) respectively placing the friction component and the lubricating component into a double-temperature-zone precise oven to carry out material drying operation; drying the friction component materials at 80-120 ℃ for 60-120min, drying the lubrication component materials at 90-150 ℃ for 80-200min, pre-mixing the dried lubrication component materials in a cone-shaped mixer for 60-120min, pre-mixing the basic components in a screw belt type double mixer for 120-240min, pre-mixing the dried friction component materials in a vertical ball mill for 180min, mixing the basic components and the lubrication component materials in a horizontal high-speed mixer, adding 5-10% of polyethylene glycol based on the total weight of the basic components by using automatic liquid filling equipment, mixing the materials for 100-180min, wherein the polyethylene glycol adding time is 80-160min, after mixing, putting the friction components after premixing into a horizontal high-speed mixer for further mixing for 60-120min, putting the framework component binding material into a V-shaped mixer, adding aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the framework component binding material for mixing for 60-180 min;
3) putting a mixed material of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component after the material mixing into a material bin of an automatic weighing and feeding system, setting the weight of the weighed material, downwards putting a friction body framework pin into a mold cavity, weighing the mixed framework component binding material by using an electronic scale, manually pouring the mixed material into the mold cavity, pouring the weighed basic material into the mold cavity by using the automatic weighing and feeding system, pressing a switch downwards, performing pressing operation, wherein the pressing pressure is 6-15MPa, the pressing time is 15-60S, and taking out the pressed friction body component after the pressing is finished;
4) after the friction body assembly is pressed, sintering the product, inputting pressure of 6.0-8.0MPa, temperature of 1080-1180 ℃ and time of 160-plus-material for 200min on a control panel of a powder metallurgy pressurized sintering system, downwards placing the friction body assembly pins into grooves of a friction body framework of a stone grinding disc friction body of a sintering furnace, placing graphite discs placed on a sintering furnace base of the pressurized sintering system one by one, sequentially placing an inner container and a heating cover of the sintering furnace on the sintering furnace base, introducing mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen into the inner container of the sintering furnace, starting a switch of the sintering system, performing sintering operation, after heating, adjusting the heating cover of the sintering furnace away, placing a cooling cover of the sintering furnace, simultaneously starting a cooling water circulation and an air cooling machine to perform cooling treatment, and adjusting the cooling cover and the inner container of the sintering furnace away when the temperature is reduced to below 50 ℃, the sintering operation is finished;
5) after the sintering operation is finished, carrying out related physical property tests on the product, and entering the next procedure if the physical property tests meet the standard requirements;
6) and ensuring the thickness and the porosity, performing re-pressing operation on the brake pad, marking and assembling the brake pad after the re-pressing operation is finished, and obtaining a finished brake pad after the assembling is finished.
In the effective temperature area of the sintering furnace in the step 4), the number of the graphite plates is less than 20.
The ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen of the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen in the step 4) is 3: 2.
the physical property tests include density, hardness, shear strength.
Example 2:
1) firstly, sequentially weighing a base material and a framework component binding material from an automatic blanking system, weighing and rechecking after the weighing is finished, wherein the base material is divided into a basic component, a lubricating component and a friction component, and the weighed basic component comprises 40 weight percent of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30 weight percent of reduced iron powder, 12 weight percent of high-carbon ferrochrome powder and 5 weight percent of nano molybdenum trioxide; weighing the lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component comprises 5 weight percent of zinc sulfide and 7 weight percent of crystalline flake graphite; weighing the friction component, wherein the friction component comprises 10 weight percent of titanium dioxide, 3 weight percent of zirconium oxide, 4 weight percent of green silicon carbide and 2 weight percent of zircon sand; weighing 50% by weight of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30% by weight of reduced iron powder, 10% by weight of manganese powder, 5% by weight of molybdenum powder and 5% by weight of tin powder in the skeleton component bonding material;
2) respectively placing the friction component and the lubricating component into a double-temperature-zone precise oven to carry out material drying operation; drying the friction component materials at 80-120 ℃ for 60-120min, drying the lubrication component materials at 90-150 ℃ for 80-200min, pre-mixing the dried lubrication component materials in a cone-shaped mixer for 60-120min, pre-mixing the basic components in a screw belt type double mixer for 120-240min, pre-mixing the dried friction component materials in a vertical ball mill for 180min, mixing the basic components and the lubrication component materials in a horizontal high-speed mixer, adding 5-10% of polyethylene glycol based on the total weight of the basic components by using automatic liquid filling equipment, mixing the materials for 100-180min, wherein the polyethylene glycol adding time is 80-160min, after mixing, putting the friction components after premixing into a horizontal high-speed mixer for further mixing for 60-120min, putting the framework component binding material into a V-shaped mixer, adding aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the framework component binding material for mixing for 60-180 min;
3) putting a mixed material of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component after the material mixing into a material bin of an automatic weighing and feeding system, setting the weight of the weighed material, downwards putting a friction body framework pin into a mold cavity, weighing the mixed framework component binding material by using an electronic scale, manually pouring the mixed material into the mold cavity, pouring the weighed basic material into the mold cavity by using the automatic weighing and feeding system, pressing a switch downwards, performing pressing operation, wherein the pressing pressure is 6-15MPa, the pressing time is 15-60S, and taking out the pressed friction body component after the pressing is finished;
4) after the friction body assembly is pressed, sintering the product, inputting pressure of 6.0-8.0MPa, temperature of 1080-1180 ℃ and time of 160-plus-material for 200min on a control panel of a powder metallurgy pressurized sintering system, downwards placing the friction body assembly pins into grooves of a friction body framework of a stone grinding disc friction body of a sintering furnace, placing graphite discs placed on a sintering furnace base of the pressurized sintering system one by one, sequentially placing an inner container and a heating cover of the sintering furnace on the sintering furnace base, introducing mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen into the inner container of the sintering furnace, starting a switch of the sintering system, performing sintering operation, after heating, adjusting the heating cover of the sintering furnace away, placing a cooling cover of the sintering furnace, simultaneously starting a cooling water circulation and an air cooling machine to perform cooling treatment, and adjusting the cooling cover and the inner container of the sintering furnace away when the temperature is reduced to below 50 ℃, the sintering operation is finished;
5) after the sintering operation is finished, carrying out related physical property tests on the product, and entering the next procedure if the physical property tests meet the standard requirements;
6) and ensuring the thickness and the porosity, performing re-pressing operation on the brake pad, marking and assembling the brake pad after the re-pressing operation is finished, and obtaining a finished brake pad after the assembling is finished.
In the effective temperature area of the sintering furnace in the step 4), the number of the graphite plates is less than 20.
The ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen of the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen in the step 4) is 3: 2.
the physical property tests include density, hardness, shear strength.
Example 3:
1) firstly, sequentially weighing a base material and a framework component binding material from an automatic blanking system, weighing and rechecking after the weighing is finished, wherein the base material is divided into a basic component, a lubricating component and a friction component, and the weighed basic component comprises 35 weight percent of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 25 weight percent of reduced iron powder, 10 weight percent of high-carbon ferrochrome powder and 5 weight percent of nano molybdenum trioxide; weighing the lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component comprises 5 weight percent of zinc sulfide and 5 weight percent of crystalline flake graphite; the weighed friction components comprise 8 weight percent of titanium dioxide, 2 weight percent of zirconium oxide, 4 weight percent of green silicon carbide and 1 weight percent of zircon sand; weighing 50% by weight of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30% by weight of reduced iron powder, 10% by weight of manganese powder, 5% by weight of molybdenum powder and 5% by weight of tin powder in the skeleton component bonding material;
2) respectively placing the friction component and the lubricating component into a double-temperature-zone precise oven to carry out material drying operation; drying the friction component materials at 80-120 ℃ for 60-120min, drying the lubrication component materials at 90-150 ℃ for 80-200min, pre-mixing the dried lubrication component materials in a cone-shaped mixer for 60-120min, pre-mixing the basic components in a screw belt type double mixer for 120-240min, pre-mixing the dried friction component materials in a vertical ball mill for 180min, mixing the basic components and the lubrication component materials in a horizontal high-speed mixer, adding 5-10% of polyethylene glycol based on the total weight of the basic components by using automatic liquid filling equipment, mixing the materials for 100-180min, wherein the polyethylene glycol adding time is 80-160min, after mixing, putting the friction components after premixing into a horizontal high-speed mixer for further mixing for 60-120min, putting the framework component binding material into a V-shaped mixer, adding aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the framework component binding material for mixing for 60-180 min;
3) putting a mixed material of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component after the material mixing into a material bin of an automatic weighing and feeding system, setting the weight of the weighed material, downwards putting a friction body framework pin into a mold cavity, weighing the mixed framework component binding material by using an electronic scale, manually pouring the mixed material into the mold cavity, pouring the weighed basic material into the mold cavity by using the automatic weighing and feeding system, pressing a switch downwards, performing pressing operation, wherein the pressing pressure is 6-15MPa, the pressing time is 15-60S, and taking out the pressed friction body component after the pressing is finished;
4) after the friction body assembly is pressed, sintering the product, inputting pressure of 6.0-8.0MPa, temperature of 1080-1180 ℃ and time of 160-plus-material for 200min on a control panel of a powder metallurgy pressurized sintering system, downwards placing the friction body assembly pins into grooves of a friction body framework of a stone grinding disc friction body of a sintering furnace, placing graphite discs placed on a sintering furnace base of the pressurized sintering system one by one, sequentially placing an inner container and a heating cover of the sintering furnace on the sintering furnace base, introducing mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen into the inner container of the sintering furnace, starting a switch of the sintering system, performing sintering operation, after heating, adjusting the heating cover of the sintering furnace away, placing a cooling cover of the sintering furnace, simultaneously starting a cooling water circulation and an air cooling machine to perform cooling treatment, and adjusting the cooling cover and the inner container of the sintering furnace away when the temperature is reduced to below 50 ℃, the sintering operation is finished;
5) after the sintering operation is finished, carrying out related physical property tests on the product, and entering the next procedure if the physical property tests meet the standard requirements;
6) and ensuring the thickness and the porosity, performing re-pressing operation on the brake pad, marking and assembling the brake pad after the re-pressing operation is finished, and obtaining a finished brake pad after the assembling is finished.
In the effective temperature area of the sintering furnace in the step 4), the number of the graphite plates is less than 20.
The ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen of the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen in the step 4) is 3: 2.
the physical property tests include density, hardness, shear strength.
Example 4
1) Firstly, sequentially weighing a base material and a framework component binding material from an automatic blanking system, weighing and rechecking after the weighing is finished, wherein the base material is divided into a basic component, a lubricating component and a friction component, and the weighed basic component comprises 30 weight percent of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30 weight percent of reduced iron powder, 10 weight percent of high-carbon ferrochrome powder and 5 weight percent of nano molybdenum trioxide; weighing the lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component comprises 5 weight percent of zinc sulfide and 5 weight percent of crystalline flake graphite; weighing the friction component, wherein the friction component comprises 7 weight percent of titanium dioxide, 3 weight percent of zirconium oxide, 3 weight percent of green silicon carbide and 2 weight percent of zircon sand; weighing 50% by weight of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30% by weight of reduced iron powder, 10% by weight of manganese powder, 5% by weight of molybdenum powder and 5% by weight of tin powder in the skeleton component bonding material;
2) respectively placing the friction component and the lubricating component into a double-temperature-zone precise oven to carry out material drying operation; drying the friction component materials at 80-120 ℃ for 60-120min, drying the lubrication component materials at 90-150 ℃ for 80-200min, pre-mixing the dried lubrication component materials in a cone-shaped mixer for 60-120min, pre-mixing the basic components in a screw belt type double mixer for 120-240min, pre-mixing the dried friction component materials in a vertical ball mill for 180min, mixing the basic components and the lubrication component materials in a horizontal high-speed mixer, adding 5-10% of polyethylene glycol based on the total weight of the basic components by using automatic liquid filling equipment, mixing the materials for 100-180min, wherein the polyethylene glycol adding time is 80-160min, after mixing, putting the friction components after premixing into a horizontal high-speed mixer for further mixing for 60-120min, putting the framework component binding material into a V-shaped mixer, adding aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the framework component binding material for mixing for 60-180 min;
3) putting a mixed material of the basic component, the lubricating component and the friction component after the material mixing into a material bin of an automatic weighing and feeding system, setting the weight of the weighed material, downwards putting a friction body framework pin into a mold cavity, weighing the mixed framework component binding material by using an electronic scale, manually pouring the mixed material into the mold cavity, pouring the weighed basic material into the mold cavity by using the automatic weighing and feeding system, pressing a switch downwards, performing pressing operation, wherein the pressing pressure is 6-15MPa, the pressing time is 15-60S, and taking out the pressed friction body component after the pressing is finished;
4) after the friction body assembly is pressed, sintering the product, inputting pressure of 6.0-8.0MPa, temperature of 1080-1180 ℃ and time of 160-plus-material for 200min on a control panel of a powder metallurgy pressurized sintering system, downwards placing the friction body assembly pins into grooves of a friction body framework of a stone grinding disc friction body of a sintering furnace, placing graphite discs placed on a sintering furnace base of the pressurized sintering system one by one, sequentially placing an inner container and a heating cover of the sintering furnace on the sintering furnace base, introducing mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen into the inner container of the sintering furnace, starting a switch of the sintering system, performing sintering operation, after heating, adjusting the heating cover of the sintering furnace away, placing a cooling cover of the sintering furnace, simultaneously starting a cooling water circulation and an air cooling machine to perform cooling treatment, and adjusting the cooling cover and the inner container of the sintering furnace away when the temperature is reduced to below 50 ℃, the sintering operation is finished;
5) after the sintering operation is finished, carrying out related physical property tests on the product, and entering the next procedure if the physical property tests meet the standard requirements;
6) and ensuring the thickness and the porosity, performing re-pressing operation on the brake pad, marking and assembling the brake pad after the re-pressing operation is finished, and obtaining a finished brake pad after the assembling is finished.
In the effective temperature area of the sintering furnace in the step 4), the number of the graphite plates is less than 20.
The ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen of the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen in the step 4) is 3: 2.
the physical property tests include density, hardness, shear strength.
The brake pads produced in examples 3 and 4 were subjected to physical tests, and the following results were obtained in table 1:
| standard requirements | Example 3 | Example 4 | |
| Density (g/cm)3) | 5±0.5 | 5.23 | 5.16 |
| Hardness (HBW10/250/30) | 10-30 | 23 | 20 |
| Shear strength (MPa) | ≥12 | 32 | 29 |
| Adhesive Strength (MPa) | ≥14 | 25 | 26 |
| Coefficient of friction | 0.30-0.41 | 0.34-0.36 | 0.33-0.35 |
| Wear rate (cm)3/MJ) | ≤0.35 | 0.07 | 0.06 |
TABLE 1 comparison of the physical properties, frictional properties and abrasion loss of the products according to the invention
As can be seen from the table 1, the tea product meets the standard requirements, and the shear strength and the bonding strength wear rate of the product both exceed the standard requirements, so that the excellent effect is achieved.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit is characterized by comprising a base material and a framework component bonding material, wherein the base material comprises a basic component, a lubricating component and a friction component.
2. The powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the basic components comprise copper-nickel alloy, iron powder, ferrochrome powder and molybdenum trioxide; the lubricating component comprises zinc sulfide and graphite; the friction component comprises titanium dioxide, zirconia, green silicon carbide and zircon sand.
3. The powder metallurgy brake lining friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train as claimed in claim 2, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
4. the powder metallurgy brake lining friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train as claimed in claim 3, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5. the powder metallurgy brake lining friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train as claimed in claim 3, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
6. the powder metallurgy brake lining friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the skeleton assembly binder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
7. the powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the copper-nickel alloy is B10 copper-nickel alloy, the iron powder is reduced iron powder, the ferrochrome powder is high-carbon ferrochrome powder, the molybdenum trioxide is nano molybdenum trioxide, and the graphite is flake graphite.
8. The preparation method of the powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) weighing, namely weighing a base material and a framework component binding material, and rechecking after weighing, wherein the base material comprises a basic component, a lubricating component and a friction component;
2) drying and uniformly mixing, and respectively drying the friction component and the lubricating component; after the drying, uniformly mixing the basic component and the lubricating component, adding polyethylene glycol during the uniform mixing process, then continuously mixing, and after the mixing is finished, adding the friction component to continuously perform mixing operation to obtain a mixture; mixing the framework assembly binder, and adding aviation kerosene to perform mixing operation in the process of mixing the framework assembly binder;
3) pressing, namely downwards placing the friction body framework pin into a mold cavity, pouring the framework component binding material after mixing into the mold cavity, pouring the mixture into the mold cavity, performing pressing operation, and taking out the pressed friction body component after pressing;
4) sintering, namely sintering the friction body assembly after pressing the friction body assembly;
5) detecting, after the sintering operation is finished, carrying out related physical property tests on the product, and entering the next procedure if the physical property tests meet the standard requirements;
6) and (4) preparing a finished product, namely performing a re-pressing operation on the finished product after sintering which meets the standard, marking and assembling the finished product after the re-pressing operation is finished, and obtaining the finished brake pad after the assembling is finished.
9. The method for preparing the powder metallurgy brake lining friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit train as claimed in claim 8, wherein the step 4) of sintering the friction body assembly comprises the following operation steps:
1) inputting the numerical values of the required pressure, temperature and time into a control panel of the powder metallurgy pressure type sintering system;
2) the pin of the friction body assembly is downwards placed into a groove formed by a framework of a friction body of a grinding disc of a sintering furnace stone, the graphite discs after being placed are placed on a base of a sintering furnace of a pressurized sintering system one by one, an inner container of the sintering furnace and a heating cover are placed on the base of the sintering furnace in sequence, hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas is introduced into the inner container of the sintering furnace, and the ratio of the hydrogen to the nitrogen of the hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas is 3: 2, starting a switch of the powder metallurgy pressurized sintering system to perform sintering operation;
3) after heating, the heating cover of the sintering furnace is separated, the cooling cover of the sintering furnace is placed, meanwhile, a cooling water circulation and air cooling machine is started to cool the heating cover, when the temperature is reduced to below 50 ℃, the cooling cover and the inner container of the sintering furnace can be separated, and sintering operation is finished.
10. The preparation method of the powder metallurgy brake pad friction body for the carbon-ceramic brake disc of the motor train unit according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the basic components in the step 1) comprise 30-40% of copper-nickel alloy, 24-30% of iron powder, 8-12% of ferrochrome powder and 3-5% of molybdenum trioxide by weight; weighing the lubricating component which comprises 3-5% of zinc sulfide and 3-7% of graphite by weight; the weighed friction components comprise 5-10% by weight of titanium dioxide, 2-3% by weight of zirconium oxide, 2-4% by weight of green silicon carbide and 1-2% by weight of zircon sand; weighing 50% by weight of B10 copper-nickel alloy, 30% by weight of reduced iron powder, 10% by weight of manganese powder, 5% by weight of molybdenum powder and 5% by weight of tin powder in the skeleton component bonding material;
the copper-nickel alloy is B10 copper-nickel alloy, the iron powder is reduced iron powder, the ferrochrome powder is high-carbon ferrochrome powder, the molybdenum trioxide is nano molybdenum trioxide, and the graphite is flake graphite;
after the material drying in the step 2) is finished, respectively carrying out premix operation on the lubricating component, the basic component and the friction component, mixing the basic component and the lubricating component after the premix operation is finished uniformly,
polyethylene glycol accounting for 5-10% of the total weight of the base material is added in the step 2), and aviation kerosene accounting for 2-8% of the total weight of the skeleton assembly binder material in the step 2) is added;
in the step 3), the pressing pressure is 6-15MPa, and the pressing time is 15-60S;
the sintering operation pressure in the step 4) is 6.0-8.0MPa, the temperature is 1080-1180 ℃, and the time is 160-200 min;
the physical property test in the step 5) comprises density, hardness and shear strength.
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| CN105987103A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-10-05 | 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 | Powder metallurgy brake shoe for electric locomotive |
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