CN112371742A

CN112371742A - Machining device and machining method for improving performance of metal pipe

Info

Publication number: CN112371742A
Application number: CN202011140244.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张华�; 朱礼龙; 孟范超; 张尚洲; 李霞; 陈淑英; 仝阳; 吴冲冲; 李杨
Original assignee: Yantai University
Current assignee: Yantai University
Priority date: 2020-10-22
Filing date: 2020-10-22
Publication date: 2021-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-22
Also published as: CN112371742B

Abstract

The invention provides a processing device and a processing method for improving the performance of a metal pipe, which are used for solving the problems of uneven material structure, thick grain structure, low performance and low grain refinement efficiency of the metal pipe during extrusion forming in the prior art. Including the extrusion die, the heating jacket, rotating assembly and drive assembly, add tubular product metal blank in to first die cavity, and make the pressure that first module received be greater than the second module, metal blank in the first die cavity enters into the second die cavity through the necking down chamber gradually under pressure, go to the necking down chamber until first extrusion cover, at this moment metal blank is whole to be pressed to pipy second die cavity, once refine has been accomplished, go back and forth many times and repeat above step, and keep rotating assembly to rotate, make metal blank still produce the high pressure and twist reverse violent plastic deformation except taking place extrusion deformation when the necking down chamber, the tissue that has aggravated the tubular metal pipe refines, make the brilliant material tissue of metal more tiny simultaneously, even, effectively improve its comprehensive properties.

Description

Machining device and machining method for improving performance of metal pipe

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal plastic processing and mechanical property increasing, in particular to a processing device and a processing method for improving the performance of a metal tube.

Background

With the improvement of living standards of people, the requirements on the performance of various tools used in life are higher and higher, and the resource consumption and the environmental pollution caused by the tools are required to be less and less, so that the development of an advanced forming method for realizing a complex high-performance component is urgently needed to meet the urgent requirements on overall performance and high reliability. For example, a typical cylinder of a spacecraft has harsh environmental conditions and certain requirements on bearing load, is one of important structures influencing the weight and the operational reliability of a new model, and high-performance metal is urgently needed to meet the increasingly high requirements of the spacecraft on the performance of metal materials. However, there is still a limitation in forming high-performance plate/cylinder type members by metal extrusion forming process, and the plate/cylinder type members formed by the conventional forming process have relatively low performance and are difficult to meet the requirement of higher performance. Therefore, the search for new metal forming methods to obtain high-performance plate/cylinder type members is a problem to be solved urgently.

For the processing mode of improving the performance of the metal pipe, the large plastic deformation technology, called SPD for short, is generally adopted at present, has obvious capability of grain refinement, can refine the grain structure of the material to submicron or even nanometer level, and is recognized as the most promising method for preparing block nanometer and ultrafine crystal materials by the international material science community. The conventional severe plastic deformation technology mainly comprises equal-channel angular extrusion ECAE, high-pressure torsion HPT, reciprocating extrusion CEC and the like, but the three deformation modes have respective defects due to the limitation of process conditions. For example, for the reciprocating extrusion of a metal tube, the basic principle is that two tubular die cavities with equal cross sections are arranged in a die, a contraction cavity is arranged in the middle of the die cavity and separated from each other, and two tubular oil-pressure type punches with the same cross sections as the die cavities are respectively arranged on two sides of each tubular die cavity. During the extrusion process, the material reaches the contraction area under the action of the punch, the material is extruded and deformed positively, the extruded material is upset and deformed under the action of the punch of the other die cavity, and when the material in the first die cavity is extruded to the second die cavity completely, the process is repeated to press back reversely, so that one action cycle is completed. The above process is repeated until the desired strain is achieved, at which time the one side punch is removed and the finished metal tube can be removed. This process can in principle be carried out an unlimited number of times, so that fine, uniform equiaxed grains are obtained. The technology has the following characteristics: the method can prepare the metal pipe with large volume and fine grains, and has the prospect of realizing commercial application; any large strain can be obtained without the risk of material fracture; the extrusion process and the compression process are carried out simultaneously, and continuous deformation is realized without changing the original shape of the material. However, in the process of processing the metal pipe, the single-pass extrusion deformation degree is small, which causes uneven material structure and low refining degree, and adverse effects such as processing dead zones are easy to occur, so that more times of repeated extrusion are needed to ensure fine and uniform metal grains, the efficiency of production and processing is affected, the cost is higher, and resources are wasted. Therefore, the die equipment is needed to process the metal tube more efficiently, and the grain structure of the processed metal tube is finer and more uniform, so that the comprehensive performance of the metal tube is effectively improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a processing apparatus and a processing method for improving the performance of a metal pipe, which are used to solve the problems of uneven structure, coarse grain structure, low performance and low grain refinement efficiency when the metal pipe is processed into a high-performance pipe material in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a processing apparatus for improving the performance of a metal tube, including an extrusion die, a heating jacket, a rotating assembly and a driving assembly;

the extrusion die comprises a first die set and a second die set, the first die set comprises a first die body, a first extrusion sleeve and a first die core, the first die body is a hollow die, the outer diameter of the first die core is smaller than the inner diameter of the first die body, the first die body and the first die core are arranged at equal intervals, a cavity between the first die body and the first die core is a first die cavity, the first extrusion sleeve is a solid annular piece, the first extrusion sleeve can slide in the first die cavity along the axial direction, the outer wall of the first extrusion sleeve is in sealing and sliding connection with the inner wall of the first die body, the inner wall of the first extrusion sleeve is in sealing and sliding connection with the outer wall of the first die core, the second die set comprises a second die body, a second extrusion sleeve and a second die core, the second die body is a hollow die, and the outer diameter of the second die core is smaller than the inner diameter of the second die body, the second die body and the second die core are arranged at equal intervals, a cavity between the second die body and the second die core is a second die cavity, the second extrusion sleeve is a solid annular piece and can axially slide in the second die cavity, the outer wall of the second extrusion sleeve is hermetically and slidably connected with the inner wall of the second die body, and the inner wall of the second extrusion sleeve is hermetically and slidably connected with the outer wall of the second die core;

the heating sleeve is positioned on the outer sides of the first die body and the second die body and used for heating the extrusion die;

the rotating assembly comprises a rotating disc, the rotating disc is provided with a necking cavity along the axial direction, the first die cavity is communicated with the second die cavity through the necking cavity, and the aperture of the necking cavity is smaller than that of the first die cavity and that of the second die cavity;

the driving assembly is used for driving the turntable to rotate;

the first die cavity, the necking cavity and the second die cavity are used for containing metal, and the first die set and the second die set can extrude the metal in the first die cavity, the necking cavity and the second die cavity in a reciprocating mode.

Preferably, the number of the rotating assemblies is multiple, and transition mold cavities are formed among the rotating assemblies.

Preferably, the inner wall of the rotating disc is provided with stripes.

Preferably, the number of the rotating assemblies is two, and the driving assembly drives the two rotating discs to rotate in opposite directions.

Preferably, drive assembly includes driving piece, action wheel and worm, the driving piece drive the action wheel rotates, the action wheel with the tooth meshing at worm middle part, the worm both ends are equipped with positive screw thread and derotation screw thread respectively, two the carousel outside is equipped with opposite direction's skewed tooth respectively, two the skewed tooth in the carousel outside respectively with positive screw thread with derotation screw thread meshes.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a driving piece and a conical gear, the driving piece drives the conical gear to rotate, teeth are arranged on the outer sides of the two turntables respectively, and the upper end and the lower end of the conical gear are meshed with the teeth on the outer sides of the two turntables respectively.

Preferably, the turntable further comprises a limiting assembly, the limiting assembly and the driving assembly are respectively located on two sides of the turntable, and the limiting assembly is used for limiting the position of the turntable.

Preferably, the turntable is of a bell-mouth structure at one side close to the first die cavity, and the turntable is of a bell-mouth structure at one side close to the second die cavity.

A processing method of a processing device for improving the performance of a metal tube, comprising the following steps:

a preparation step, namely installing the high-pressure torsion reciprocating extrusion processing device on a hydraulic press, wherein the high-pressure torsion reciprocating extrusion processing device is firmly installed and correctly connected;

a heating step, namely preheating the metal pipe to be extruded, simultaneously working a heating sleeve, heating an extrusion die, and preserving heat when the metal pipe is heated to a preset temperature;

a discharging step, namely, placing the preheated metal tube blank into a first die cavity;

the method comprises the following steps that a hydraulic press respectively pressurizes a first extrusion sleeve and a second extrusion sleeve, the pressure borne by the first extrusion sleeve is larger than that of the second extrusion sleeve, a driving assembly drives a rotating assembly to rotate at the same time, metal pipe blanks in a first die cavity enter a second die cavity through a necking cavity under the pressure until the first extrusion sleeve moves to the necking cavity, the pressure of the hydraulic press is adjusted at the moment, the pressure borne by a second die group is larger than that of the first die group, the metal pipe blanks in the second die cavity are reversely pressed into the first die cavity until the second extrusion sleeve moves to the necking cavity, one-time reciprocating extrusion processing is completed, and the rotating assembly keeps rotating in the whole process in the processing process;

the steps are circulated for many times until the metal pipe is processed to the high-performance metal pipe which is needed by people, at the moment, the rotation, the pressurization and the heating are stopped, after the device is cooled to the room temperature, the processed metal pipe is taken out, and the whole processing process is finished

As described above, the processing device for improving the performance of the metal tube according to the present invention has at least the following advantages:

after the device is installed on a hydraulic press, the first extrusion sleeve and the first mold core are withdrawn, metal pipe blanks to be processed are added into a tubular first mold cavity, then the first extrusion sleeve and the first mold core are installed in the first mold cavity, and the first extrusion sleeve and the second extrusion sleeve are respectively in sealing sliding connection with the corresponding mold cavity, so that the blanks cannot enter between the mold cavity and an extrusion piece in the process of extruding the metal pipe. When in processing, the hydraulic press respectively pressurizes the first module and the second module, the pressure borne by the first extrusion sleeve is larger than that of the second extrusion sleeve, and then the first extrusion sleeve moves towards the necking cavity. Simultaneously drive assembly drive rotating assembly rotates, and the carousel rotates around the center in necking down chamber, and the carousel all rotates sealing connection with first module and second module, has also driven the blank that is close to the carousel upper and lower surface when the carousel rotates and has taken place to twist reverse the deformation. At the moment, the pressure applied by the first module is greater than that applied by the second module, and the first module and the second module apply enough pressure, so that the blanks close to the upper surface area and the lower surface area of the turntable can be ensured to generate high-pressure torsional deformation, severe plastic deformation is introduced, the metal blanks are extruded and deformed, and simultaneously generate high-pressure torsional severe plastic deformation under the action of the rotation of the turntable, and crystal grains can be effectively refined. The blank in the first die cavity enters the second die cavity through the necking cavity under the pressure until the first extrusion sleeve moves to the necking cavity, at the moment, all the metal tube blanks in the first die cavity are pressed to the second die cavity, and all the metal tube blanks pass through the necking cavity. And adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic press to enable the pressure borne by the second extrusion sleeve to be larger than that of the first extrusion sleeve, and reversely pressing the metal pipe blank tube in the second die cavity into the first die cavity. In the backward pressing and extruding process, the rotating assembly also keeps rotating, the pressure applied by the second module is greater than that applied by the first module, and the second module and the first module apply enough pressure, so that the blank close to the upper surface area and the lower surface area of the turntable can generate high-pressure torsional deformation and severe plastic deformation can be introduced. When the metal blank enters the first die cavity from the second die cavity, the metal blank is gradually subjected to extrusion deformation and high-pressure torsional severe plastic deformation, and the crystal grains of the whole metal blank are effectively refined again. The above course of working is repeated many times, after the metal is processed the better tubular metal resonator of performance that we need, take out extrusion's high performance tubular product in first die cavity or the second die cavity, compare ordinary tubular metal resonator processingequipment, this device machining efficiency is higher, the tubular metal resonator crystalline grain that extrudes is also more tiny, even and comprehensive properties is higher, thereby the problem of tubular metal resonator material tissue is inhomogeneous when extrusion, the crystalline grain tissue is thick, the performance is low and the crystalline grain refines inefficiency among the prior art has effectively been solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a processing apparatus for improving the performance of a metal tube according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of a processing apparatus for improving the performance of a metal tube according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a third schematic view of a processing apparatus for improving the performance of a metal tube according to the present invention.

Description of the element reference numerals

1. Extruding the die; 11. a first module; 111. a first extrusion sleeve; 112. a first outer mold body; 113. a first mold cavity; 114. a first mold core; 12. a second module; 121. a second extrusion sleeve; 122. a second exterior mold body; 123. a second mold cavity; 124. a second mold core; 13. a transition die cavity;

2. heating a jacket;

3. a rotating assembly; 31. a turntable; 32. a necking cavity;

4. a drive assembly; 41. a drive member; 42. a driving wheel; 43. a worm; 44. a bevel gear; 45. a bearing housing;

5. a limiting component; 51. a limiting worm; 52. a limiting bearing sleeve; 53. and a limiting conical gear.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

Please refer to fig. 1 to 3. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

The following examples are for illustrative purposes only. The various embodiments may be combined, and are not limited to what is presented in the following single embodiment.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a processing apparatus for improving the performance of a metal tube, including an extrusion die 1, a heating jacket 2, a rotating assembly 3 and a driving assembly 4.

Extrusion die, extrusion die includes first module and second module, and first module 11 and second module 12 all need be the material of high strength, avoid taking place to warp or damage under the high pressure man-hour, and the material of first module 11 and second module 12 all need have high temperature softening nature simultaneously, avoids producing the mould softening under high temperature, influences processing. The first module 11 comprises a first die body, a first extrusion sleeve and a first die core, wherein the first die body is a hollow die, the outer diameter of the first die core is smaller than the inner diameter of the first die body, the first die body and the first die core are arranged at equal intervals, the first die body and the first die core are axially arranged along an extrusion die barrel, a cavity between the first die body and the first die core is a first die cavity, the first die cavity is an annular cavity with uniform thickness, the first extrusion sleeve is a solid annular piece, the cross section of the first extrusion sleeve is identical to that of the first die cavity, the outer surface of the first extrusion sleeve needs to be hardened, the strength and the service life of the first extrusion sleeve during extrusion are ensured, and the first extrusion sleeve can axially slide in the first die cavity. The outer wall of the first extrusion sleeve is in sealed and sliding connection with the inner wall of the first die body, the inner wall of the first extrusion sleeve is in sealed and sliding connection with the outer wall of the first die core, the second die set 12 comprises a second die body, a second extrusion sleeve and a second die core, the second die body is a hollow die, the outer diameter of the second die core is smaller than the inner diameter of the second die body, the second die body and the second die core are arranged at equal intervals, the second die body and the second die core are arranged along the axial direction of an extrusion die barrel, a cavity between the second die body and the second die core is a second die cavity, so that the second die cavity is an annular cavity with uniform thickness, the second extrusion sleeve is a solid annular piece, the cross section of the second extrusion sleeve is the same as that of the second die cavity, the outer surface of the second extrusion sleeve needs to be hardened, and the strength and the service life of the second extrusion sleeve are ensured, such that the second extrusion sleeve is axially slidable within the second die cavity. The outer wall of the second extrusion sleeve is in sealing and sliding connection with the inner wall of the second die body, the inner wall of the second extrusion sleeve is in sealing and sliding connection with the outer wall of the second die core, the sealing mode can be a common sealing mode such as filler sealing or mechanical sealing, and the like, and the sealing mode is not described herein, and in order to ensure smooth sliding, lubricating oil and the like can be properly added during processing. The inner wall of the first mold body 112, the inner wall of the second mold body 122, the outer wall of the first mold core 114 and the outer wall of the second mold core 124 all need to be hardened or embedded with inserts with higher hardness, so that the extrusion part cannot be softened when the inner walls of the mold bodies slide and extrude, and the harder inner walls can also provide the service life of the mold. The cross section of the first die cavity 113 and the second die cavity 123 may be circular, square or special-shaped ring, and the shape of the extrusion rod or the extrusion sleeve is matched with that of the corresponding die cavity. The metal can be mainly magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, steel and other metal materials, when the metal tube blank is added, the first extrusion sleeve and the first mold core need to be withdrawn firstly, the metal tube is added and then placed, and the size of the added metal tube can be smaller than that of the first mold cavity. The cross sections of the first mold cavity 113 and the second mold cavity 123 may be the same or different, and when the cross sections of the two mold cavities are the same, the two mold cavities can be taken out from either mold cavity; when the two cross sections are different, the mold cavity to be manufactured may be taken out from the corresponding mold cavity as needed. When in processing, the pressure of the hydraulic machine on the first module 11 is applied to the first extrusion sleeve 111, the first mold core 114 is fixed on the hydraulic machine and keeps the relative position with the rotary table unchanged, so that the damage to equipment caused by the contact of the first mold core and the rotary table is avoided, the pressure of the hydraulic machine on the first module 11 is directly applied to the second extrusion rod, and the same applies to the second module on the hydraulic machine;

the heating sleeve is positioned on the outer sides of the first die body and the second die body and used for heating the extrusion die, and in order to ensure that the metal is always in a temperature range suitable for grain refinement in the machining process, the heating sleeve 2 is heated to a certain temperature and then continuously works to keep the temperature of the die;

the rotating assembly 3, the rotating assembly 3 includes the carousel 31, and the carousel 31 can be an outside and be circular shape dish, the carousel 31 is equipped with the necking down chamber 32 along the axial, and the shape in necking down chamber 32 can be circular, oval or other shapes, and necking down chamber 32 can be located carousel 31 axial central line, first die cavity 113 with the second die cavity 123 is through necking down chamber 32 intercommunication, and carousel 31 and first module 11 and second module 12 are the rotary seal and are connected, and the sealing method is for moving seal, adds common sealing methods such as O-ring or sealed pad, and not do not describe here in a word. The aperture of the necking cavity 32 is smaller than the aperture of the first die cavity 113 and the aperture of the second die cavity 123, the cross-sectional areas of the first die cavity 113 and the second die cavity 123 are much larger than the cross-sectional area of the necking cavity 32, and the size of the necking cavity 32 is smaller, so that the metal in the first die cavity 113 or the second die cavity 123 is extruded and deformed when passing through the necking cavity 32, grains of the metal are extruded and deformed to be thinned when passing through the necking cavity 32, and when the rotating disc 31 rotates, the metal passing through the necking cavity 32 is also subjected to torsional plastic deformation generated by the rotating torque force, so that the metal tube is thinned when passing through the necking cavity 32.

Drive assembly, drive assembly is used for the drive the carousel rotates, and the outer circumference of carousel 31 can be equipped with the rack, and drive assembly 4 can include driving piece 41 and action wheel 42, and driving piece 41 can be the rotation driving piece such as motor or cylinder, and drive assembly 4 can fixed mounting on the hydraulic press workstation when using, and driving piece 41 drive action wheel 42 rotates, through action wheel 42 and the outer circumferential tooth meshing of carousel 31, drive carousel 31 rotates.

The first die cavity 113, the necking cavity 13 and the second die cavity 123 are used for containing metal, and the first die set 11 and the second die set 12 can extrude the metal in the first die cavity 113, the necking cavity 13 and the second die cavity 123 in a reciprocating mode.

After the device is installed on a hydraulic press, the first extrusion sleeve 111 and the first mold core 114 are withdrawn, a metal tube blank to be processed is added into the first tubular mold cavity 113, and then the first extrusion sleeve 111 and the first mold core 114 are installed into the first mold cavity 113. The first extrusion housing 111 and the second extrusion housing 121 are each sealingly and slidably connected to a corresponding die cavity so that the billet does not dig into between the die cavity and the extrusion during extrusion of the metal tube. During processing, the hydraulic press respectively pressurizes the first die set 11 and the second die set 12, and the pressure applied to the first extrusion sleeve 111 is greater than that applied to the second extrusion sleeve 121, so that the first extrusion sleeve 121 moves toward the necking cavity 32. Simultaneously drive assembly 4 drive rotating assembly 3 rotates, and carousel 31 rotates around the center of necking down chamber 32, and carousel 31 and first module 11 and the equal rotation sealing connection of second module 12, and carousel 31 has also driven the blank that is close to carousel 31 upper and lower surface when rotating and has taken place torsional deformation. At this time, the pressure applied by the first die set 11 is greater than that applied by the second die set 12, and the first die set 11 and the second die set 12 apply enough pressure to ensure that the blank near the upper and lower surface areas of the rotary table 31 generates high-pressure torsional deformation and introduces severe plastic deformation. The metal blank is extruded and deformed and simultaneously generates high-pressure torsional severe plastic deformation under the action of the rotation of the turntable, so that the crystal grains can be effectively refined. The metal stock in the first die cavity 113 is forced through the necking cavity 32 into the second die cavity 123 until the first extrusion nest 111 travels to the necking cavity 32, at which time the metal stock in the first die cavity 113 is fully compressed into the second die cavity 123. When all the blanks pass through the necking cavity 32, the pressure of the hydraulic press is adjusted at the moment, so that the pressure borne by the second extrusion sleeve 121 is greater than that of the first extrusion sleeve 111, and the metal blank pipe in the second die cavity 123 is reversely pressed into the first die cavity 113. During the backward pressing and extruding process, the rotating assembly 3 also keeps rotating, the pressure applied by the second die set 12 is greater than that applied by the first die set 11, and the second die set 12 and the first die set 11 apply enough pressure to ensure that the blank near the upper and lower surface areas of the rotating disc 31 generates high-pressure torsional deformation and introduces severe plastic deformation. When the metal blank enters the first die cavity 113 from the second die cavity 123, the metal blank is gradually subjected to extrusion deformation and high-pressure torsional severe plastic deformation, and the crystal grains of the whole metal blank are effectively refined again. Repeating the above processes for a plurality of times until the metal is processed into the metal tube with better performance, and taking the extruded high-performance tube out of the first die cavity 113 or the second die cavity 123. Compare ordinary tubular metal resonator processingequipment, this device machining efficiency is higher, and the tubular metal resonator crystalline grain that extrudees out is also more tiny, even and comprehensive properties is higher to the problem of tubular metal resonator material structure is inhomogeneous, the crystalline grain structure is thick, the performance is low and the crystalline grain refines inefficiency when extrusion moulding has effectively been solved among the prior art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the embodiment, there are a plurality of rotating assemblies 3, a transition mold cavity 13 is disposed between the plurality of rotating assemblies 3, a transition mold body is also disposed outside the transition mold cavity 13, a heating jacket 2 is also disposed outside the transition mold cavity 13, and is capable of heating metal in the transition mold cavity 13, and a supporting fixing member may be disposed below the heating jacket 2, and when the processing apparatus is mounted on a hydraulic press, the supporting fixing member is mounted on a hydraulic press base, so as to prevent the rotating assemblies 3 from driving the transition mold cavity 13 to rotate together when rotating. The connection directions of the plurality of rotating assemblies 3 and the transition mold cavity 13, the first mold set 11, and the second mold set 12 are in rotating sealing connection, and the sealing manner is a common sealing manner such as dynamic sealing (adding an O-ring or a gasket), which will not be described herein in a repeated detail. The number of rotating assemblies 3 is preferably two, too many rotating assemblies 3 make the transition die cavity 13 too many, so that much metal is left in the transition die cavity 13 in the machining process, so that the added material is left in the equipment when the added material is taken out after machining, the material utilization rate is low, and the difficulty in replacing the machined material or maintaining the equipment is caused. When there are two rotating assemblies 3, press metal to second die cavity 123 from first die cavity 113, will pass through two necking down chambeies 32, and two rotating assemblies 3 are all rotating for the metal receives high pressure torsion violent plastic deformation except that extrusion deformation, promotion machining efficiency that can be higher, refines the crystalline grain faster.

In this embodiment, the inner wall of the necking cavity 32 may be provided with stripes, that is, the inner wall of the turntable 31 is provided with stripes, which may be various irregular and uneven stripes, or raised particles, so that when metal is extruded through the necking cavity 32, the metal is in contact with the stripes or the protrusions, the degree of plastic deformation of the metal blank is increased, and grain refinement is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, there are two rotating assemblies 3, and the driving assembly 4 drives two adjacent rotating discs 31 to rotate in opposite directions, so that too many rotating assemblies 3 have too many transition cavities 13, and much metal is left in the transition cavities 13 during the processing, so that the added material is left in the equipment during the extraction after processing, and the material utilization rate is low, and it is difficult to replace the processed material or maintain the equipment. When there are two rotating assemblies 3, press metal to second die cavity 123 from first die cavity 113, will pass through two necking down chambeies 32, and two rotating assemblies 3 are all rotating for the metal receives the rotational friction force in addition to receiving the extrusion force, promotion machining efficiency that can be higher, refines the crystalline grain faster. The rotation directions of the rotating discs 31 are opposite, so that the metal passing through the two necking cavities 32 is not in the same rotation direction, the metal can be subjected to a large torsion force in the transition die cavity 13, and the two rotating assemblies 3 can respectively correspond to one driving assembly 4, or the two rotating assemblies 3 share one driving assembly 4.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the driving assembly 4 includes a driving element 41, a driving wheel 42 and a worm 43, the driving element 41 may be a rotation driving element such as a motor or an air cylinder, the driving element 41 drives the driving wheel 42 to rotate, the driving wheel 42 is engaged with teeth in the middle of the worm 43, the middle of the worm 43 may be straight teeth, two ends of the worm 43 are rotatably supported by a bearing sleeve 45, the bearing sleeve 45 may be a device fixed on a working table of the hydraulic machine during assembly, two ends of the worm 43 are respectively provided with a forward thread and a reverse thread, the outer sides of the two rotating discs 31 are respectively provided with oblique teeth in opposite directions, the oblique teeth on the outer sides of the two rotating discs 31 are respectively engaged with the forward thread and the reverse thread, so that when the driving element 41 drives the worm 43 to rotate, the rotating directions of the two rotating discs 31 engaged with the two ends of the worm 43 are opposite, thereby realizing that one driving member 41 drives the two turntables 31 to rotate in opposite directions.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the driving assembly 4 includes a driving member 41 and a conical gear 44, the driving member 41 may be a rotating driving member such as a motor or an air cylinder, the driving member 41 may directly drive the conical gear 44 to rotate, the driving member 41 may also drive the driving wheel 42 to rotate first, the driving wheel 42 and the conical gear 44 are both fixedly sleeved on the transmission rod, the rotation of the driving member 41 is transmitted to the conical gear 44 through the driving wheel 42, teeth are respectively disposed on outer sides of the two rotating discs 31, upper and lower ends of the conical gear 44 are respectively engaged with the teeth on outer sides of the two rotating discs 31, so that the driving member 41 drives the conical gear 44 to rotate, and further drives the two rotating discs 31 to rotate in opposite directions.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the extrusion die further includes a limiting assembly 5, the limiting assembly 5 and the driving assembly 4 are respectively located at two sides of the rotating disc 31, the limiting assembly 5 is used for limiting the position of the rotating disc 31, the limiting assembly 5 is a sliding limiting assembly, and the structure of the limiting assembly 5 is the same as that of the driving wheel 42 of the driving assembly 4, so that two driving wheels 42 at two sides of the extrusion die 1 are respectively engaged and rotated for limiting. When only one rotating assembly 3, spacing subassembly 5 includes the spacing action wheel 42 that right spacing bearing housing 52 supported, and action wheel 42 meshes with the tooth of carousel 31 periphery, and when drive assembly 4 was worm 43 drive carousel 31 and rotates, spacing subassembly 5 includes the spacing worm 51 by spacing bearing housing 52 support, and the normal thread and the contra-rotation screw thread at spacing worm 51 both ends are equallyd divide and are respectively with the skewed tooth meshing in the carousel 31 outside to realize rotating spacingly. When the driving component 4 is a bevel gear 44 driving the rotating disc 31 to rotate, the limiting component 5 comprises a limiting bevel gear 53 supported by a limiting bearing sleeve 52, the upper end and the lower end of the limiting bevel gear 53 are respectively meshed with teeth on the outer sides of the two rotating discs 31, so that rotation limitation is realized, and the limiting bearing sleeve 52 is fixedly arranged on the workbench as the bearing sleeve 45.

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, in the embodiment, one side of the rotary plate 31 close to the first die cavity 113 is in a bell mouth structure, and one side of the rotary plate 31 close to the second die cavity 123 is in a bell mouth structure, so that when an extrusion part extrudes metal in the die cavity, the material of the metal on the inclined surface of the bell mouth is more easily extruded and flows into the necking cavity 32, so that the material flows more smoothly, and the processing efficiency is higher.

In this embodiment, a processingequipment for improving tubular metal resonator performance includes the following step:

the preparation step is to install the high-pressure torsion reciprocating extrusion processing device on a hydraulic machine, the installation is firm and correct, the first die body 112 and the second die body 122 are required to be fixed on a processing table board during installation, so that the die bodies do not displace when the hydraulic machine is pressurized, only the metal pipes in the die cavities are extruded and moved, in the extrusion process, the hydraulic machine is required to be controlled, the hydraulic machine is still not in direct contact with the rotating disc 31 when pushing the first extrusion rod 111 or the second extrusion rod 121 to the extrusion limit position, the equipment is prevented from being damaged by contacting the rotating disc 31 under high pressure, but the extrusion rods are required to be close to the rotating disc 31 as much as possible, the metal pipes in the die cavities can be completely extruded as much as possible, and when the equipment has the transition die cavities 13, the transition die cavities 13.

And a heating step, namely preheating the metal pipe to be extruded, wherein when the processed metal is magnesium alloy, the preheating temperature can be 300-400 ℃, preserving heat for one hour, simultaneously heating the extrusion die by a heating sleeve, preserving heat when the extrusion die is heated to 300-400 ℃, and preserving heat during the whole processing process, so that the metal pipe is in a proper temperature range during refining.

The blowing step, first die cavity is put into to the tubular metal resonator blank that will preheat, the size of tubular metal resonator blank is the same with the pipe diameter of first die cavity, and in extrusion process behind the blowing, need exhaust the gas in the die cavity, avoid too much gas in the die cavity to offset the extrusion force when the extrusion, influence the crystalline grain refining effect, can through near necking down chamber 32 set up steerable exhaust hole of closing can, manual control opens exhaust hole exhaust when the extrusion begins.

And a processing step, wherein a hydraulic machine respectively pressurizes a first extrusion sleeve and a second extrusion sleeve, the applied pressure is not lower than 4GPa, the pressure borne by the first extrusion sleeve is greater than that of the second extrusion sleeve, meanwhile, a driving component drives a rotating component to rotate, so that the metal pipe blank in a first die cavity enters a second die cavity through a necking cavity under the pressure until the first extrusion sleeve moves to the necking cavity, the pressure of the hydraulic machine is adjusted at the moment, the pressure borne by a second die group is greater than that of the first die group, the metal pipe blank in the second die cavity is reversely pressed into the first die cavity until the second extrusion sleeve moves to the necking cavity, one-time reciprocating extrusion processing is completed, the rotating component keeps rotating in the whole process in the processing process, and the metal crystal grains are subjected to rotating friction force when reciprocating through the necking cavity 32.

And (3) circulating the steps for many times until the metal pipe is processed to the high-performance metal pipe required by people, wherein the obtained metal pipe has fine and uniform grains, the performance of the material is improved, the rotation, the pressurization and the heating are stopped at the moment, and the processed metal pipe is taken out after the device is cooled to the room temperature, so that the whole processing process is completed.

In summary, after the apparatus is installed on the hydraulic press, the first extrusion sleeve 111 and the first mold core 114 are withdrawn, the metal tube blank to be processed is added into the first tubular mold cavity 113, and then the first extrusion sleeve 111 and the first mold core 114 are installed into the first mold cavity 113. The first extrusion housing 111 and the second extrusion housing 121 are each sealingly and slidably connected to a corresponding die cavity so that the billet does not dig into between the die cavity and the extrusion during extrusion of the metal tube. During processing, the hydraulic press respectively pressurizes the first die set 11 and the second die set 12, and the pressure applied to the first extrusion sleeve 111 is greater than that applied to the second extrusion sleeve 121, so that the first extrusion sleeve 121 moves toward the necking cavity 32. Simultaneously drive assembly 4 drive rotating assembly 3 rotates, and carousel 31 rotates around the center of necking down chamber 32, and carousel 31 and first module 11 and the equal rotation sealing connection of second module 12, and carousel 31 has also driven the blank that is close to carousel 31 upper and lower surface when rotating and has taken place torsional deformation. At this time, the pressure applied by the first die set 11 is greater than that applied by the second die set 12, and the first die set 11 and the second die set 12 apply enough pressure to ensure that the blank near the upper and lower surface areas of the rotary table 31 generates high-pressure torsional deformation and introduces severe plastic deformation. The metal blank is extruded and deformed and simultaneously generates high-pressure torsional severe plastic deformation under the action of the rotation of the turntable, so that the crystal grains can be effectively refined. The metal stock in the first die cavity 113 is forced through the necking cavity 32 into the second die cavity 123 until the first extrusion nest 111 travels to the necking cavity 32, at which time the metal stock in the first die cavity 113 is fully compressed into the second die cavity 123. When all the blanks pass through the necking cavity 32, the pressure of the hydraulic press is adjusted at the moment, so that the pressure borne by the second extrusion sleeve 121 is greater than that of the first extrusion sleeve 111, and the metal blank pipe in the second die cavity 123 is reversely pressed into the first die cavity 113. During the backward pressing and extruding process, the rotating assembly 3 also keeps rotating, the pressure applied by the second die set 12 is greater than that applied by the first die set 11, and the second die set 12 and the first die set 11 apply enough pressure to ensure that the blank near the upper and lower surface areas of the rotating disc 31 generates high-pressure torsional deformation and introduces severe plastic deformation. When the metal blank enters the first die cavity 113 from the second die cavity 123, the metal blank is gradually subjected to extrusion deformation and high-pressure torsional severe plastic deformation, and the crystal grains of the whole metal blank are effectively refined again. Repeating the above processes for a plurality of times until the metal is processed into the metal tube with better performance, and taking the extruded high-performance tube out of the first die cavity 113 or the second die cavity 123. Compare ordinary tubular metal resonator processingequipment, this device machining efficiency is higher, and the tubular metal resonator crystalline grain that extrudees out is also more tiny, even and comprehensive properties is higher to the problem of tubular metal resonator material structure is inhomogeneous, the crystalline grain structure is thick, the performance is low and the crystalline grain refines inefficiency when extrusion moulding has effectively been solved among the prior art. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tooling apparatus for improving the performance of a metal tube comprising:

the extrusion die comprises a first die set and a second die set, the first die set comprises a first die body, a first extrusion sleeve and a first die core, the first die body is a hollow die, the outer diameter of the first die core is smaller than the inner diameter of the first die body, the first die body and the first die core are arranged at equal intervals, a cavity between the first die body and the first die core is a first die cavity, the first extrusion sleeve is a solid annular piece, the first extrusion sleeve can slide in the first die cavity along the axial direction, the outer wall of the first extrusion sleeve is in sealing and sliding connection with the inner wall of the first die body, the inner wall of the first extrusion sleeve is in sealing and sliding connection with the outer wall of the first die core, the second die set comprises a second die body, a second extrusion sleeve and a second die core, the second die body is a hollow die, and the outer diameter of the second die core is smaller than the inner diameter of the second die body, the second die body and the second die core are arranged at equal intervals, a cavity between the second die body and the second die core is a second die cavity, the second extrusion sleeve is a solid annular piece and can slide in the second die cavity along the axial direction, the outer wall of the second extrusion sleeve is in sealing and sliding connection with the inner wall of the second die body, and the inner wall of the second extrusion sleeve is in sealing and sliding connection with the outer wall of the second die core

the driving assembly is used for driving the turntable to rotate;

2. A processing apparatus for improving the properties of a metal tube according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the rotating assemblies is multiple, and transition mold cavities are formed among the rotating assemblies.

3. A processing apparatus for improving the properties of a metal tube according to claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of the rotary table is provided with stripes.

4. A processing apparatus for improving the properties of a metal tube according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the rotating assemblies is two, and the driving assembly drives the two turntables to rotate in opposite directions.

5. A tooling device for upgrading the properties of metal tubing according to claim 4, characterized in that: the drive assembly includes driving piece, action wheel and worm, the driving piece drive the action wheel rotates, the action wheel with the tooth meshing at worm middle part, the worm both ends are equipped with positive screw thread and derotation screw thread respectively, two the carousel outside is equipped with opposite direction's skewed tooth respectively, two the skewed tooth in the carousel outside respectively with positive screw thread with derotation screw thread meshing.

6. A tooling device for upgrading the properties of metal tubing according to claim 4, characterized in that: the driving assembly comprises a driving piece and a conical gear, the driving piece drives the conical gear to rotate, the outer sides of the two turntables are respectively provided with teeth, and the upper end and the lower end of the conical gear are respectively meshed with the teeth on the outer sides of the two turntables.

7. A processing apparatus for improving the properties of a metal tube according to claim 1, wherein: the turntable assembly comprises a turntable, and is characterized by further comprising a limiting assembly, wherein the limiting assembly and the driving assembly are respectively located on two sides of the turntable, and the limiting assembly is used for limiting the position of the turntable.

8. A processing apparatus for improving the properties of a metal tube according to claim 1, wherein: the turntable is close to one side of the first die cavity and is of a horn mouth structure, and the turntable is close to one side of the second die cavity and is of a horn mouth structure.

9. A processing apparatus for improving the properties of a metal tube according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

and (4) circulating the steps for many times until the metal pipe is processed to the high-performance metal pipe required by people, stopping rotating, pressurizing and heating at the moment, and taking out the processed metal pipe after the device is cooled to the room temperature to complete the whole processing process.