CN112371221B

CN112371221B - Civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN112371221B
Application number: CN202011126118.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁冰蓓
Original assignee: Liaoning Technical University
Current assignee: Liaoning Technical University
Priority date: 2020-10-20
Filing date: 2020-10-20
Publication date: 2021-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-20
Also published as: CN112371221A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of civil engineering waste treatment, in particular to an environment-friendly treatment device for civil engineering waste. The utility model provides a civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing apparatus includes breaker, and breaker includes broken casing, broken section of thick bamboo, the broken wheel of pivot. The lower part of the crushing shell is provided with a first discharge hole. The crushing barrel comprises a lower crushing barrel and an upper crushing barrel. The crushing wheel is positioned in the crushing barrel, and the crushing wheel is lifted under the action of the waste in the process of crushing the waste and drives the upper crushing barrel to lift. The filter disc is arranged below the crushing barrel and rotates and moves up and down along with the crushing wheel. When the waste material between the crushing wheel and the lower crushing barrel is blocked, the crushing wheel is supported by the waste material and the spiral lifting force of the spiral mounting key, so that the crushing wheel moves upwards to be unblocked. When the waste between the crushing wheel and the upper crushing barrel is clamped, the upper crushing barrel is supported by the waste and overcomes the elastic force of the pressure spring to move upwards to be unlocked, and the motor is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing apparatus

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of civil engineering waste treatment, in particular to an environment-friendly treatment device for civil engineering waste.

Background

Along with the rapid development of the economy of China and the acceleration of the urbanization speed, more and more building wastes are generated in the urban construction process, the building waste materials not only occupy a large amount of land, but also cause serious pollution to the urban environment and serious threat to the living environment of people, however, the building wastes are not completely wastes, and can be crushed, screened, processed and converted into new resources which can be recycled, so that the recycling of the building wastes is realized; because the construction waste is generally block-shaped solid materials with certain hardness, such as concrete blocks, bricks and the like, the phenomenon of blocking easily occurs in the crushing process by utilizing the conventional civil engineering waste crushing device, so that the motor is damaged, the service life of the crushing device is shortened, and the cost of waste treatment is increased. Secondly, when the filter disc is used for filtering the crushed waste, the filter disc is usually required to shake in order to ensure that the crushed waste falls sufficiently, and a vibration mechanism is inevitably added, so that the structure is more complicated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an environment-friendly civil engineering waste treatment device, which aims to solve the problems that an existing crushing device is easy to damage and a filter disc is low in filtering efficiency.

The invention relates to a civil engineering waste material environment-friendly treatment device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing apparatus includes breaker, breaker include broken casing, broken section of thick bamboo, the broken wheel of pivot and filter disc. A first discharge hole is formed in the lower part of the crushing shell; the crushing barrel comprises a lower crushing barrel and an upper crushing barrel, the lower crushing barrel is arranged on the shell, the lower crushing barrel comprises a first conical barrel and a second conical barrel, the first conical barrel is gradually reduced downwards, and the second conical barrel is arranged at the upper end of the first conical barrel and gradually reduced upwards. The upper crushing barrel is sleeved on the rotating shaft and can be arranged up and down in a moving mode, the lower end of the upper crushing barrel is in contact with the upper end of the lower crushing barrel, the upper crushing barrel is gradually reduced upwards, and a feeding hole is formed in the upper portion of the upper crushing barrel. The rotating shaft is vertically arranged and rotatably arranged in the crushing shell. The crushing wheel is slidably arranged on the rotating shaft along the up-down direction and comprises an upper cone and a lower cone, the upper cone is connected with the lower cone, the tip of the upper cone faces upwards, the tip of the lower cone faces downwards, and a plurality of crushing teeth are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the upper cone and the outer peripheral surface of the lower cone; the crushing wheel is positioned in the crushing barrel, and the crushing wheel is lifted under the action of the waste in the process of crushing the waste and drives the upper crushing barrel to lift. The filter disc is installed in the below of broken section of thick bamboo and rotates and reciprocate along with broken wheel, and first discharge gate is located the below of filter disc.

Further, the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing wheel and the inner wall of the crushing barrel is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

Furthermore, a sleeve is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the upper crushing barrel and movably sleeved on the rotating shaft along the vertical direction, and the lower end of the sleeve is in contact with the upper end of the crushing wheel; an end cover is installed at the upper end of the rotating shaft and is located above the sleeve, and a spring is arranged between the end cover and the bottom end of the sleeve.

Further, the filter disc is arranged obliquely.

Further, breaker still includes the second discharge gate, and the second discharge gate sets up in the position department that meets of the lower extreme of filter disc and broken casing.

Furthermore, a limiting table is arranged on the rotating shaft along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, the lower ends of the filter disc and the crushing wheel are connected through a connecting cylinder, the connecting cylinder is installed on the rotating shaft and coaxial with the rotating shaft, the connecting cylinder is arranged above the limiting table, and the limiting table blocks the connecting cylinder from moving downwards. Be provided with the spiral mounting groove on the inside wall of broken wheel, be provided with the spiral installation key in the pivot, the spiral mounting groove cooperates with the spiral installation key, and broken wheel reciprocates along the spiral mounting groove.

Furthermore, the crushing device also comprises a material guide disc and a material outlet; the guide plate sets up in the bottom of broken casing, and with broken casing integrated into one piece, the guide plate slope sets up, and first discharge gate sets up in the lower extreme of guide plate, and extends to the outside of broken casing.

Furthermore, the lower end of the upper crushing barrel is provided with a limiting groove along the circumferential direction of the upper crushing barrel, and the opening of the limiting groove faces downwards. The upper end of the lower crushing barrel is arranged on the limiting ring along the circumferential direction of the lower crushing barrel, the limiting ring is vertically arranged and is inserted into the limiting groove, and the limiting groove is matched with the limiting ring through a key groove.

Furthermore, a plurality of first crushing strips are arranged on the inner side wall of the upper crushing barrel; the first crushing strips extend from the upper end of the upper crushing barrel to the lower end of the upper crushing barrel; all be provided with a plurality of second broken strips on the inside wall of lower broken section of thick bamboo, the broken strip of second extends to the lower extreme of lower broken section of thick bamboo from the upper end of lower broken section of thick bamboo.

Furthermore, the crushing device also comprises a supporting shell and a motor, wherein the supporting shell is arranged below the crushing shell and is integrally formed with the crushing shell; the motor is arranged in the supporting shell and is connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the crushing wheel adopted in the civil engineering waste environment-friendly treatment device can be lifted under the action of the waste in the process of crushing the waste. When the waste material between the crushing wheel and the lower crushing barrel is blocked, the crushing wheel is supported by the waste material and the spiral lifting force of the spiral mounting key, so that the crushing wheel moves upwards to be unblocked. The interval increase between broken wheel and the first awl section of thick bamboo when broken wheel rises for the waste material has sufficient motion space, and the distance between the upper end of broken wheel and second awl section of thick bamboo reduces, gets into too much waste material in the broken section of thick bamboo down when preventing broken wheel from blocking, and then the waste material that broken wheel will get into down in the short time in the broken section of thick bamboo smashes, makes broken wheel return fast, has improved the shake frequency of filter disc. When the waste between the crushing wheel and the upper crushing barrel is clamped, the upper crushing barrel is supported by the waste and overcomes the elastic force of the pressure spring to move upwards to be unlocked, and the motor is prevented from being damaged.

Because the filter disc is fixedly connected with the crushing wheel, the crushing wheel drives the filter disc to synchronously move in the moving process, the filter disc and the crushing wheel synchronously move up and down and rotate, and waste materials falling above the filter disc fully fall on the material guide disc, so that the filter disc can be vibrated and filtered without a special vibration mechanism.

The filter disc slope sets up, and when the filter disc rotated the lower extreme and meets with the second discharge gate, the waste material that is detained on the filter disc just discharged from the second discharge gate, reduces and discharges in the waste material that will not come yet and filter out from the filter disc from the second discharge gate. And the filter disc makes the waste material that falls on the filter disc drop more abundant at the pivoted in-process, has further improved the filtration efficiency of filter disc.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an environmentally friendly civil engineering waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of an embodiment of an environmentally friendly civil engineering waste treatment apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a crushing apparatus in an initial state of an embodiment of the civil engineering waste environment-friendly treatment apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion C of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a crushing apparatus in an ascending state of a crushing wheel according to an embodiment of the environmentally friendly civil engineering waste treatment apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a combined structure of a motor, a rotating shaft, a lower crushing cylinder, an end cover and a spring according to an embodiment of the environmentally friendly civil engineering waste treatment device;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a combined structure of a motor, a rotary shaft, a lower crushing cylinder, an end cap and a spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a combined structure of a feed inlet, an upper crushing cylinder, a crushing wheel and a filter disc of an embodiment of the environmentally friendly civil engineering waste treatment device of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a sectional view showing the structure of a feed port, an upper crushing cylinder, a crushing wheel and a filter disc of an embodiment of the civil engineering waste environment-friendly treatment apparatus of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. crushing the shell; 2. an upper crushing cylinder; 3. a first cone; 4. a second cone; 5. a feed inlet; 6. a rotating shaft; 61. a limiting table; 62. a screw mounting key; 7. a crushing wheel; 71. a spiral mounting groove; 8. crushing teeth; 9. a filter disc; 10. a material guide plate; 11. a first discharge port; 12. a sleeve; 13. an end cap; 14. a spring; 15. a second discharge port; 16. a limiting groove; 17. a limiting ring; 19. a first breaker bar; 20. a second breaker bar; 21. a motor; 22. a support housing; 23. a flange; 24. a triangular support frame; 25. a crawler belt; 26. a connecting cylinder; 27. installing a sleeve; 28. and (4) a separation column.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

An embodiment of the environment-friendly civil engineering waste treatment device of the invention is shown in fig. 1 to 11, and comprises a crushing device, wherein the crushing device comprises a crushing shell 1, a crushing barrel, a rotating shaft 6, a crushing wheel 7 and a filter disc 9. The lower part of the crushing shell 1 is provided with a first discharge opening 11. The crushing barrel comprises a lower crushing barrel and an upper crushing barrel 2, the lower crushing barrel is arranged on the crushing shell 1 and comprises a first conical barrel 3 and a second conical barrel 4, the first conical barrel 3 is gradually reduced downwards, and the second conical barrel 4 is arranged at the upper end of the first conical barrel 3 and gradually reduced upwards; go up crushing section of thick bamboo 2 suit in pivot 6 and can set up with reciprocating, the lower extreme of going up crushing section of thick bamboo 2 contacts with the upper end of lower crushing section of thick bamboo, goes up crushing section of thick bamboo 2 and upwards convergent, and goes up crushing section of thick bamboo 2 top and be provided with feed inlet 5. The shaft 6 is arranged vertically and rotatably mounted in the crushing shell 1. Crushing wheel 7 is installed in pivot 6 along upper and lower direction slidable, goes up cone and lower cone that crushing wheel 7 includes, goes up cone and lower cone integrated into one piece, and the pointed end of going up the cone is up, and the pointed end of lower cone is down, all is provided with a plurality of broken teeth 8 on the outer peripheral face of going up the cone and the outer peripheral face of lower cone. Crushing wheel 7 is in broken section of thick bamboo, and crushing wheel 7 goes up and down under the effect of waste material at the in-process of broken waste material, prevents that the waste material from damaging motor 21 when blocking between crushing wheel 7 and the broken section of thick bamboo. The filter disc 9 is installed in the below of broken section of thick bamboo and rotates and up-and-down motion along with broken wheel 7, and first discharge gate 11 is located the below of filter disc 9, and qualified waste material passes through the filter disc 9 after the breakage, discharges from first discharge gate 11 afterwards, and the waste material that can not pass through the filter disc 9 is detained in the top of filter disc 9.

In this embodiment, the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing wheel 7 and the inner wall of the crushing cylinder is gradually reduced from top to bottom, so that the waste materials entering the crushing cylinder are ground in sequence from large to small.

In this embodiment, a sleeve 12 is mounted in the middle of the upper end of the upper crushing barrel 2 through a spacer 30, the sleeve 12 is movably sleeved on the rotating shaft 6 in the up-down direction, and the lower end of the sleeve 12 is in contact with the upper end of the crushing wheel 7. An end cover 13 is installed at the upper end of the rotating shaft 6, the end cover 13 is located above the sleeve 12, a spring 14 is arranged between the end cover 13 and the bottom end of the sleeve 12, so that the crushing barrel 2 is pushed to ascend when the crushing wheel 7 ascends, and the crushing barrel 2 returns under the elastic force of the spring 14 after the crushing wheel 7 returns.

In this embodiment, the filter disc 9 is arranged obliquely so that the filter disc 9 during rotation causes the waste material falling on the filter disc 9 to fall off sufficiently. The crushing device further comprises a second discharge hole 15, the second discharge hole 15 is formed in the position, where the lower end of the filter disc 9 is connected with the crushing shell, of the crushing shell, when the filter disc 9 rotates to be connected with the second discharge hole 15, waste materials are discharged from the second discharge hole 15, and the probability that the waste materials which are not available and are filtered out from the filter disc 9 are discharged from the second discharge hole 15 is reduced.

In this embodiment, a limiting table 61 is disposed on the rotating shaft 6 along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 6, the filter disc 9 and the lower end of the crushing wheel 7 are connected through a connecting cylinder 26, the connecting cylinder 26 is mounted on the rotating shaft 6 and is coaxial with the rotating shaft 6, the connecting cylinder 26 is disposed above the limiting table 61, and the limiting table 61 blocks the connecting cylinder 26 from moving downward. The inner side wall of the crushing wheel 7 is provided with a spiral mounting groove 71, the rotating shaft 6 is provided with a spiral mounting key 62, the spiral mounting groove 71 is matched with the spiral mounting key 62, and the crushing wheel 7 moves up and down along the spiral mounting key 62.

In this embodiment, the crushing device further includes a material guiding disc 10, the material guiding disc 10 is obliquely disposed at the bottom of the crushing shell 1 and is integrally formed with the crushing shell 1, a mounting sleeve 27 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 6, an annular groove with an outward opening is disposed in the circumferential direction of the mounting sleeve 27, and an inner end of the material guiding disc 10 is inserted into the annular groove. The first discharge hole 11 is disposed at the lower end of the material guiding plate 10 and extends to the outside of the crushing shell 1.

In the present embodiment, the lower end of the upper crushing barrel 2 is provided with a limiting groove 16 along the circumferential direction of the upper crushing barrel 2, and the opening of the limiting groove 16 faces downward; the upper end of lower broken section of thick bamboo is provided with spacing ring 17 along the circumferential direction of broken section of thick bamboo down, and spacing ring 17 is vertical to be set up and insert limiting groove 16 in, prevents to go up broken section of thick bamboo 2 and removes at the horizontal direction. The limiting groove 16 and the limiting ring 17 are matched through a key groove to prevent the upper crushing barrel 2 from rotating relative to the lower crushing barrel.

In this embodiment, a plurality of first breaker bars 19 are provided on the inner side wall of the upper breaker drum 2, and the first breaker bars 19 extend from the upper end of the upper breaker drum 2 to the lower end of the upper breaker drum 2. Be provided with a plurality of second broken strips 20 on the inside wall of lower broken section of thick bamboo, second broken strip 20 extends to the lower extreme of lower broken section of thick bamboo from the upper end of lower broken section of thick bamboo to when making crushing wheel 7 rotate, the waste material ground more abundant under the effect of broken section of thick bamboo and broken section of thick bamboo.

In this embodiment the crushing device further comprises a support shell 22 and a motor 21. The support shell 22 is arranged below the crushing shell and is integrally formed with the crushing shell; the motor is disposed in the supporting shell 22 and connected to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate. The lower end of the motor 21 is provided with a flange 23, and the motor 21 is mounted in the support case 22 through the flange 23.

In this embodiment, a civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing apparatus still includes the feeding module, and the feeding module includes triangular supports frame 24 and track 25, and the drive of track 25 is installed in triangular supports frame 24, and the waste material passes through track 25 and conveys the upper end of feed inlet 5.

During the use, the waste material conveys feed inlet 5 through track 25, and pivot 6 rotates under the drive of motor 21 for crushing wheel 7 and filter disc 9 rotate for crushing section of thick bamboo, will get into the waste material grinding breakage in the crushing section of thick bamboo. The qualified waste material after being crushed falls on the material guide disc 10 through the filter disc 9 and is discharged from the first discharge hole 11. The waste material which cannot pass through the filter disks 9 remains on the filter disks 9, and the reject material remaining on the filter disks 9 is discharged from the second feed port 5 when the filter disks 9 are rotated to the lower end to meet the second feed port 5.

When the waste material between the crushing wheel 7 and the lower crushing barrel is jammed, the crushing wheel 7 receives the supporting force of the waste material and the spiral lifting force of the spiral mounting key 62, so that the crushing wheel 7 moves upward to be unlocked. The interval between broken wheel 7 and the first awl section of thick bamboo 3 increases when broken wheel 7 rises for the waste material has sufficient motion space, and the distance between the upper end of broken wheel 7 and second awl section of thick bamboo 4 reduces, gets into too much waste material in the broken section of thick bamboo down when preventing that broken wheel 7 from blocking, and then the waste material that broken wheel 7 will get into down in the broken section of thick bamboo in short time is smashed, makes broken wheel 7 can return fast, has improved the shake frequency of filter disc 9. When the waste material between the crushing wheel 7 and the upper crushing drum 2 gets stuck, the upper crushing drum 2 is subjected to the waste material supporting force and moves upward against the elastic force of the spring 14 to be unblocked.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing apparatus, includes breaker, its characterized in that: the crushing device comprises a crushing shell, a crushing barrel, a rotating shaft, a crushing wheel and a filter disc; a first discharge hole is formed in the lower part of the crushing shell; the crushing barrel comprises a lower crushing barrel and an upper crushing barrel, the lower crushing barrel is arranged on the shell and comprises a first conical barrel and a second conical barrel, the first conical barrel is gradually reduced downwards, and the second conical barrel is arranged at the upper end of the first conical barrel and gradually reduced upwards; the upper crushing barrel is sleeved on the rotating shaft and can be arranged in a vertically moving mode, the lower end of the upper crushing barrel is in contact with the upper end of the lower crushing barrel, the upper crushing barrel is gradually reduced upwards, and a feeding hole is formed above the upper crushing barrel; the rotating shaft is vertically arranged and rotatably arranged in the crushing shell; the crushing wheel is slidably arranged on the rotating shaft along the up-down direction and comprises an upper cone and a lower cone, the upper cone is connected with the lower cone, the tip of the upper cone faces upwards, the tip of the lower cone faces downwards, and a plurality of crushing teeth are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the upper cone and the outer peripheral surface of the lower cone; the crushing wheel is positioned in the crushing barrel, and the crushing wheel is lifted under the action of the waste in the process of crushing the waste and drives the upper crushing barrel to lift; the filter disc is installed in the below of broken section of thick bamboo and rotates and reciprocate along with broken wheel, and first discharge gate is located the below of filter disc.

2. The civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing wheel and the inner wall of the crushing barrel is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

3. The civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the middle part of the upper end of the upper crushing barrel is provided with a sleeve, the sleeve is movably sleeved on the rotating shaft along the up-down direction, and the lower end of the sleeve is contacted with the upper end of the crushing wheel; an end cover is installed at the upper end of the rotating shaft and is located above the sleeve, and a spring is arranged between the end cover and the bottom end of the sleeve.

4. The civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the filter disc is obliquely arranged.

5. The civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing device further comprises a second discharge hole, and the second discharge hole is formed in the position, where the lower end of the filter disc is connected with the crushing shell, of the connecting position.

6. The civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing device of claim 1, characterized in that: a limiting table is arranged on the rotating shaft along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, the lower ends of the filter disc and the crushing wheel are connected through a connecting cylinder, the connecting cylinder is arranged on the rotating shaft and is coaxial with the rotating shaft, the connecting cylinder is arranged above the limiting table, and the limiting table prevents the connecting cylinder from moving downwards; be provided with the spiral mounting groove on the inside wall of broken wheel, be provided with the spiral installation key in the pivot, the spiral mounting groove cooperates with the spiral installation key, and broken wheel reciprocates along the spiral installation key.

7. The civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing device also comprises a material guide disc; the guide plate sets up in the bottom of broken casing, and with broken casing integrated into one piece, the guide plate slope sets up, and first discharge gate sets up in the lower extreme of guide plate, and extends to the outside of broken casing.

8. The civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the upper crushing barrel is provided with a limiting groove along the circumferential direction of the upper crushing barrel, and the opening of the limiting groove faces downwards; the upper end of the lower crushing barrel is arranged on the limiting ring along the circumferential direction of the lower crushing barrel, the limiting ring is vertically arranged and is inserted into the limiting groove, and the limiting groove is matched with the limiting ring through a key groove.

9. The civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing device of claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of first crushing strips are arranged on the inner side wall of the upper crushing barrel; the first crushing strips extend from the upper end of the upper crushing barrel to the lower end of the upper crushing barrel; all be provided with a plurality of second broken strips on the inside wall of lower broken section of thick bamboo, the broken strip of second extends to the lower extreme of lower broken section of thick bamboo from the upper end of lower broken section of thick bamboo.

10. The civil engineering waste material environmental protection processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing device also comprises a supporting shell and a motor, wherein the supporting shell is arranged below the crushing shell and is integrally formed with the crushing shell; the motor is arranged in the supporting shell and is connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.