CN112369463A - Decompression storage method for cassava root tubers - Google Patents
Decompression storage method for cassava root tubers Download PDFInfo
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- CN112369463A CN112369463A CN202011269822.1A CN202011269822A CN112369463A CN 112369463 A CN112369463 A CN 112369463A CN 202011269822 A CN202011269822 A CN 202011269822A CN 112369463 A CN112369463 A CN 112369463A
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- cassava
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/148—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/015—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with pressure variation, shock, acceleration or shear stress or cavitation
- A23L3/0155—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with pressure variation, shock, acceleration or shear stress or cavitation using sub- or super-atmospheric pressures, or pressure variations transmitted by a liquid or gas
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a reduced-pressure storage method of cassava root tubers, which comprises the following specific operation steps: 1) cleaning: simply cleaning fresh cassava roots, removing surface silt, and airing for later use; 2) pre-cooling: pre-cooling the cassava block roots by using ice water at the temperature of 4-9 ℃ to cool the cassava block roots; 3) and (3) sterilization: airing the precooled cassava root tubers, placing the cassava root tubers in a storage box, and carrying out surface sterilization treatment on the cassava root tubers under the closed condition; 4) and (3) reducing pressure: decompressing the storage tank by using a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the storage tank to 0.4-0.7 atmospheric pressure; 5) air exchange: and (4) pressurizing and ventilating the storage box after the preset time, and repeating the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) after the air pressure in the storage box is balanced with the external air pressure. The decompression storage method of cassava root tubers, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages of low storage cost, lower requirement on storage environment and good storage effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production and transportation, in particular to a reduced-pressure storage method of cassava tuberous roots.
Background
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) belongs to the genus Manihot of the family Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae), is drought-tolerant and barren-resistant, is widely planted in more than 100 countries or regions such as Africa, America and Asia, is one of three potato crops, is the third food crop in a hot zone, is the sixth food crop in the world, is called the king of starch, and is the grain for nearly one billion people in the world. In addition, the cassava has the excellent characteristics of coarse growth, easy cultivation, high yield, four-season harvest and the like. With the development of the cassava industry, the cassava is diversified in use and used as industrial raw materials such as feed, starch and fuel ethanol.
Because the fresh cassava has crisp and tender tissue and high water content, the physiological deterioration after picking is easy to occur in the processing and storing processes, the root tuber loses water, is browned and is rotted, the storage period of the fresh cassava is extremely short (1-2 days), the large-scale market supply and the post-production comprehensive utilization of the cassava are greatly restricted, and the commodity value of the cassava is seriously influenced. These disadvantages result in the loss of market value and the loss of the cassava, and suitable post-harvest treatment and storage methods maintain its quality characteristics and extend shelf life.
In the prior art, the cassava storage method usually needs oxygen isolation or low-temperature freezing storage, wherein the storage method for isolating oxygen through wax sealing or vacuum packaging obviously increases the storage cost and the treatment process, the storage environment requirement required by the low-temperature freezing storage method is strict, the maintenance cost is high, and the fresh potatoes need to be thawed and then used, so that the flavor is easy to lose, and the quality is reduced. Therefore, the method for keeping cassava root fresh, which is simple, practical, safe and efficient is an important content at present, and has great significance for the development of the cassava industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the present invention aims to provide a reduced-pressure storage method for cassava root tubers, which has the advantages of low storage cost, low storage environment requirement and good storage effect.
A reduced-pressure storage method of cassava root tubers comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) cleaning: simply cleaning fresh cassava roots, removing surface silt, and airing for later use;
2) pre-cooling: pre-cooling the cassava block roots by using ice water at the temperature of 4-9 ℃ to cool the cassava block roots;
3) and (3) sterilization: airing the precooled cassava root tubers, placing the cassava root tubers in a storage box, and carrying out surface sterilization treatment on the cassava root tubers under the closed condition;
4) and (3) reducing pressure: decompressing the storage tank by using a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the storage tank to 0.4-0.7 atmospheric pressure;
5) air exchange: and (4) pressurizing and ventilating the storage box after the preset time, and repeating the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) after the air pressure in the storage box is balanced with the external air pressure.
According to the reduced-pressure storage method of the cassava root tuber, provided by the embodiment of the invention, precooling and surface sterilization are carried out on the cassava root tuber, so that the activity of cells in the cassava root tuber is reduced to a lower state as much as possible, the content of microorganisms in a storage environment is reduced, and the influence of the microorganisms on the storage process of the cassava root tuber is reduced; in addition, as the cassava root tuber contains more endophytes, more metabolites can be produced under the normal respiration action, before the root tuber is not separated, the plants have the external force action such as transpiration pulling force and the like, the plants have the effect of helping to discharge the metabolites, the external force disappears after the root tuber is separated, the discharge of the metabolites is slowed or blocked, the cell metabolism is disordered, and the cells are rotted. Meanwhile, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention optimizes and limits the pressure, ensures the effect, avoids the deformation of the conduit and even the rupture of the cells caused by larger negative pressure, cannot realize the long-term storage effect, accelerates the deformation or rupture of the conduit caused by overhigh pressure, and accelerates the decay to accelerate the decay; in addition, the method adopts a mode of discontinuous pressure reduction and pressurization ventilation, avoids the problem of excessive water loss or weight loss of the cassava root tuber, has low requirement on the environment, and effectively reduces the cost.
Further, the pre-cooling treatment time in the step 2) is 40-80 min, so that the treatment cost and the treatment time are avoided being increased while the cooling effect is ensured.
Further, in the step 3), the ultraviolet lamp is used for carrying out surface sterilization treatment on the cassava roots, the treatment time is 20-40 min, effective sterilization can be realized by using the ultraviolet lamp for disinfection, the cost is low, and the cassava roots cannot be damaged.
Further, the power of the ultraviolet lamp used in the step 3) is 5-10W.
Further, in the step 5), the storage box is pressurized and ventilated every 1-12 hours, and the ventilation time is 5-15 min, so that the oxygen concentration in the storage box is prevented from being too low.
Furthermore, the relative humidity in the storage box is 90-95% in the storage process, so that the problem of excessive water loss or weight loss of the cassava root tubers is avoided.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited by the examples disclosed below.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a reduced-pressure storage method of cassava root tubers, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) cleaning: simply cleaning fresh cassava roots, removing surface silt, and airing for later use;
2) pre-cooling: pre-cooling the cassava root tuber by using ice water with the temperature of 4 ℃, wherein the time of the pre-cooling is 40min, so that the cassava root tuber is cooled;
3) and (3) sterilization: airing the precooled cassava roots, placing the cassava roots in a storage box, and carrying out surface sterilization treatment on the cassava roots by using a 5w ultraviolet lamp under a closed condition for 40 min;
4) and (3) reducing pressure: decompressing the storage tank by using a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the storage tank to 0.5 atmospheric pressure;
5) air exchange: and (4) pressurizing and ventilating the storage box after every 1h, wherein the ventilation time is 5min, and repeating the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) after the air pressure in the storage box is balanced with the external air pressure.
Wherein the relative humidity in the storage tank during storage is 90%.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides a reduced-pressure storage method of cassava root tubers, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) cleaning: simply cleaning fresh cassava roots, removing surface silt, and airing for later use;
2) pre-cooling: pre-cooling the cassava root tuber by using ice water with the temperature of 6 ℃, wherein the time of the pre-cooling is 60min, so that the cassava root tuber is cooled;
3) and (3) sterilization: airing the precooled cassava roots, placing the cassava roots in a storage box, and carrying out surface sterilization treatment on the cassava roots by using an 8w ultraviolet lamp under a closed condition for 30 min;
4) and (3) reducing pressure: decompressing the storage tank by using a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the storage tank to 0.6 atmospheric pressure;
5) air exchange: and (3) pressurizing and ventilating the storage box after every 3 hours, wherein the ventilation time is 8min, and repeating the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) after the air pressure in the storage box is balanced with the external air pressure.
Wherein the relative humidity in the storage tank during storage is 92%.
Example 3
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a reduced-pressure storage method of cassava root tubers, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) cleaning: simply cleaning fresh cassava roots, removing surface silt, and airing for later use;
2) pre-cooling: pre-cooling the cassava root tuber by using ice water with the temperature of 9 ℃, wherein the time of the pre-cooling is 80min, so that the cassava root tuber is cooled;
3) and (3) sterilization: airing the precooled cassava roots, placing the cassava roots in a storage box, and carrying out surface sterilization treatment on the cassava roots by using a 10w ultraviolet lamp under a closed condition for 20 min;
4) and (3) reducing pressure: decompressing the storage tank by using a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the storage tank to 0.7 atmospheric pressure;
5) air exchange: and (4) pressurizing and ventilating the storage box after every 12 hours, wherein the ventilation time is 10min, and repeating the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) after the air pressure in the storage box is balanced with the external air pressure.
Wherein the relative humidity in the storage tank during storage is 95%.
Comparative example 1
In comparative example 1, the storage method of cassava root tubers is different from example 1 in that: after the sterilization treatment in the step 3), the mixture is placed in a storage box for normal-pressure storage.
Comparative example 2
In comparative example 1, the storage method of cassava root tubers is different from example 1 in that: the pre-cooling process is not performed.
Comparative example 3
In comparative example 3, the storage method of the cassava root tuber is different from that of example 1 in that: and 4) not carrying out precooling treatment, and placing the sterilized product in the step 3) into a storage box for normal-pressure storage.
Comparative example 4
In comparative example 4, the storage method of the cassava root is different from that of example 1 in that: in step 4), the pressure of the storage tank is reduced to 0.3 atmospheric pressure by using a vacuum pump.
After storage, the cassava roots stored in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested after 0d, 5d, 10d, 15d and 20d, respectively, the test contents include the water content, weight loss rate, starch content, hardness and hydrocyanic acid content of the cassava roots, and the test results are shown in the following table, wherein the data of each test item is an average value obtained by randomly selecting at least three cassava roots located at different positions from the cassava roots in the storage box, measuring and calculating:
compared with comparative examples 1-4, the storage method for the cassava block roots has the advantages that the storage effect is good, the fresh cassava can be stored for 20 days without rotting, the water content change is small, the weight loss rate is small, and the storage time of the cassava block roots is effectively prolonged.
In conclusion, the reduced-pressure storage method of the cassava roots, provided by the embodiment of the invention, has the advantages that the precooling treatment and the surface sterilization treatment are carried out on the cassava roots, so that the cell activity in the cassava roots is reduced to a lower state as much as possible, the ultraviolet lamp sterilization is utilized to reduce the content of microorganisms in a storage environment, and the influence of the microorganisms on the storage process of the cassava roots is reduced; in addition, as the cassava root tuber contains more endophytes, the cassava root tuber can generate more metabolites under the normal respiration action, and before the root tuber is not separated from the body, the plants have the exogenic actions such as transpiration pulling force and the like, and the metabolites can be normally transported through the conduit; after the root tuber is harvested, the external force disappears, the transport of the metabolic products of the root tuber through the conduit is slowed down or blocked, and the metabolic products of the root tuber cannot be normally transported, so that the cell metabolism is disordered, and the root tuber is rotten. In the embodiment of the invention, a reduced-pressure storage method is adopted, the root tuber cell metabolism is reformed into a pressure difference by artificially manufacturing negative pressure, the transportation function of the root tuber catheter is maintained by utilizing the pressure difference, the inside of the catheter is kept smooth, the normal flow of microbial respiratory metabolites in the catheter is effectively promoted, the cell metabolites are pushed to be transported or flowed outwards, and the corresponding activity of each tissue is kept, so that the normal cell metabolism is ensured. Meanwhile, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention optimizes and limits the pressure, ensures the effect, and avoids the deformation of the catheter and even the rupture of cells caused by larger negative pressure, thereby not only failing to realize the effect of long-term storage, but also accelerating the decay; in addition, the method adopts a mode of discontinuous pressure reduction and pressurization ventilation, avoids the problem of excessive water loss or weight loss of the cassava root tuber, has low requirement on the environment, and effectively reduces the cost.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The reduced-pressure storage method of the cassava root tubers is characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps:
1) cleaning: simply cleaning fresh cassava roots, removing surface silt, and airing for later use;
2) pre-cooling: pre-cooling the cassava block roots by using ice water at the temperature of 4-9 ℃ to cool the cassava block roots;
3) and (3) sterilization: airing the precooled cassava root tubers, placing the cassava root tubers in a storage box, and carrying out surface sterilization treatment on the cassava root tubers under the closed condition;
4) and (3) reducing pressure: decompressing the storage tank by using a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the storage tank to 0.4-0.7 atmospheric pressure;
5) air exchange: and (4) pressurizing and ventilating the storage box after the preset time, and repeating the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) after the air pressure in the storage box is balanced with the external air pressure.
2. A method for reduced-pressure storage of cassava roots according to claim 1, in which: the precooling treatment time in the step 2) is 40-80 min.
3. A method for reduced-pressure storage of cassava roots according to claim 1, in which: and in the step 3), an ultraviolet lamp is used for carrying out surface sterilization treatment on the cassava root tubers, and the treatment time is 20-40 min.
4. A method for reduced-pressure storage of cassava roots according to claim 3, in which: the power of the ultraviolet lamp used in the step 3) is 5-10W.
5. A method for reduced-pressure storage of cassava roots according to claim 1, in which: and in the step 5), the storage box is pressurized and ventilated every 1-12 hours, and the ventilation time is 5-15 min.
6. A method for reduced-pressure storage of cassava roots according to claim 1, in which: the relative humidity in the storage box in the storage process is 90-95%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011269822.1A CN112369463A (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-13 | Decompression storage method for cassava root tubers |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011269822.1A CN112369463A (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-13 | Decompression storage method for cassava root tubers |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07184539A (en) * | 1994-01-28 | 1995-07-25 | Shunichiro Tanaka | Method for storing fresh foodstuff and apparatus therefor |
| CN101856042A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-10-13 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Storage and fresh keeping method for white mushroom |
| CN102334536A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-02-01 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Storage and preservation method for wild rice shoots |
| CN102379337A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-03-21 | 大连铭德生态农业专业合作社 | Hypobaric storage preservation technique for cherry |
| US20190335775A1 (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2019-11-07 | South China University Of Technology | Method for Preservation of Fresh Plants by Vacuum Pre-Cooling Synchronously Combined with Modified Atmosphere Technique |
-
2020
- 2020-11-13 CN CN202011269822.1A patent/CN112369463A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07184539A (en) * | 1994-01-28 | 1995-07-25 | Shunichiro Tanaka | Method for storing fresh foodstuff and apparatus therefor |
| CN101856042A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-10-13 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Storage and fresh keeping method for white mushroom |
| CN102379337A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-03-21 | 大连铭德生态农业专业合作社 | Hypobaric storage preservation technique for cherry |
| CN102334536A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-02-01 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Storage and preservation method for wild rice shoots |
| US20190335775A1 (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2019-11-07 | South China University Of Technology | Method for Preservation of Fresh Plants by Vacuum Pre-Cooling Synchronously Combined with Modified Atmosphere Technique |
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