CN102771548B - Method for suppressing browning of Wujiuxiang pear fruit - Google Patents
Method for suppressing browning of Wujiuxiang pear fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN102771548B CN102771548B CN201210263154.0A CN201210263154A CN102771548B CN 102771548 B CN102771548 B CN 102771548B CN 201210263154 A CN201210263154 A CN 201210263154A CN 102771548 B CN102771548 B CN 102771548B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for suppressing browning of a Wujiuxiang pear fruit. The method comprises the steps as follows: 1), picking, namely picking the Wujiuxiang pear fruit in 135-140 days after the full-bloom stage, after picking, instantly removing a fruit bag, placing in a cool place for 2-4h, and removing field heat; 2), carrying out 1-MCP (methyl cyclopentenolone) treatment, namely closely fumigating for 12h by the 1-MCP with a concentration of 0.5-1.0 mu L/L; 3), pre-cooling, namely placing the pear in a storage box and pre-cooling for 48h in a refrigeration house of 0 DEG C; and 4), storing, namely closing the storage box, storing in the refrigeration house of -1 DEG C to 0 DEG C, and filling gases into the closed storage box without interruption; and controlling the gas filling pressure to be not more than 0.01MPa and the air flow to be 50mL/min, wherein the gases comprise 2.5-4.5% of oxygen, 0-3% of carbon dioxide and nitrogen for the rest by volume. According to the method, the browning of the Wujiuxiang pear fruit in the storage process can be effectively controlled so as to keep good quality of the Wujiuxiang pear fruit. A simple, practicable and low-cost storage method is provided for masses of fruit growers and small processing enterprises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of fresh preservation, especially the method for five or nine bergamot pear fresh preservations.
Background technology
The subject matter that five or nine bergamot pears exist in storage process is that fruit browning is the brown stain of pericarp and pulp, has significantly affected outward appearance and the quality of five or nine bergamot pears.Fruit is after gathering, and along with the aging of tissue, the aldehydes matter in fruit and polyphenol oxidase enzymes metabolism are active, impels pericarp, pulp Tissue Browning in various degree to occur.At present the normal storage practice adopted has the 1-MCP(1-methyl cyclopropene) processing, air conditioned storage and slow temperature reduction and storage, wherein the slow cooling storage is to cool to and need temperature in 15 ~ 20 days, operate more loaded down with trivial details, and easily cause fruit softening and core brown stain, and be unfavorable for the maintenance of Long-term Storage quality and local flavor.Can keep fruit quality although 1-MCP processes, prevent that the fruit browning effect is limited.Especially these measures are also inapplicable to the storage of five or nine bergamot pears, and the bad change of outward appearance after fruit storage, lose commodity value, cause serious economic loss to the pears agriculture.
The preservation method of a kind of bergamot pear is disclosed in Chinese patent application 200810239853.5, the method can make the storage life of bergamot pear extend to 12 months, but to strictly control the content of oxygen, carbon dioxide, ethylene gas in storage, therefore need to preservation in the Ultra Low-oxygen modified atmosphere fresh-keeping storage.But the air-conditioned cold store cost is too high, and operation cost is also high than other storage methods, and general enterprises and orchard worker are unable to be born, and has restricted the application of this method.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to provide a kind of method that can effectively suppress five or nine bergamot pear fruit brownings, and simple, cost-saving, improve the economic benefit of five or nine bergamot pear storages.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The method of a kind of inhibition five or nine bergamot pear fruit brownings, the method comprises the steps:
Step 1) is gathered: five or the nine bergamot pear fruits of 135 ~ 140 days after the harvesting full-bloom stage, remove immediately the fruit bag after harvesting, and In Shade placement 2 ~ 4 hours, remove field heat.
Step 2) 1-MCP processes: five or nine bergamot pears that will remove field heat are put into the large account of airtight plastics, and the 1-MCP that the concentration of take is 0.5 ~ 1.0 μ L/L fumigates 12h.
Step 3) precooling: will fumigate five or nine complete bergamot pears and put into the freezer precooling 48h that storage bin is placed in 0 ℃.
The step 4) storage: storage bin is airtight, start storage at the temperature of-1 ℃ ~ 0 ℃, constantly in airtight storage bin, pass into gas by source of the gas in storage; Venting pressure is not higher than 0.01MPa, and gas flow is 50mL/min; Described gas comprises oxygen that by volume content of percentage meter is 2.5% ~ 4.5%, 0 ~ 3% carbon dioxide, all the other are nitrogen.
Further improvement of the present invention is: described source of the gas is the steel cylinder that Compressed Gas is housed, and at steel cylinder gas outlet preparation pressure-reducing valve and flow controller, and is communicated with storage bin by flexible rubber hose; Described storage bin has air admission hole that supplied gas enters and the venthole of Exhaust Gas, and the flexible rubber hose be connected in air admission hole reaches the storage bin bottom, and the flexible rubber hose connected on venthole reaches outside freezer.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the air admission hole of storage bin and venthole are opened on storage bin and are covered.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the flexible rubber hose connected on described venthole is communicated in the air admission hole of adjacent another storage bin and reaches the storage bin bottom, the like a plurality of storage bins are connected mutually by flexible rubber hose, the flexible rubber hose connected on the venthole of last storage bin is discharged to gas outside freezer.
Further improvement of the present invention is: place 30 five or nine bergamot pears in described storage bin.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the gas of discharging from the storage bin venthole passes into aqua calcis.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the obtained technological progress of the present invention is:
The method of a kind of inhibition of the present invention five or nine bergamot pear fruit brownings can effectively be controlled the brown stain of fruit in five or nine bergamot pear storages, keeps good storage quality and commodity value.For numerous orchard workers and processing enterprise provide a kind of simple, with low cost storage practice, improved economic benefit.
Five or nine bergamot pears of 135 ~ 140 days after selection harvesting full-bloom stage, fruit maturity at this moment is suitable, easily preserves, and after after-ripening, local flavor and mouthfeel are good.Should remove immediately the fruit bag after harvesting, pears put the fruit bag when growth, can reduce the harm of disease and pest, keep the fruit face bright and clean, but, after picking fruit, respiration is still arranged, as removed not in time the fruit bag, easily accumulate the metabolin that accelerates fruit senescence, be unfavorable for fruit storage.
The stifling 12h of 1-MCP that the concentration of take before the warehouse-in storage is 0.5 ~ 1.0 μ L/L, can softening quality deterioration and the old and feeble phenomenon of waiting of delayed fruit.Be about precooling 48h in the freezer of 0 ℃ in temperature, can remove rapidly field heat, fruit is carried out to Cold Hardening, suppress the respiration of fruit, be conducive to fruit and keep original local flavor and quality.
Five or nine bergamot pears are placed in to the airtight preservation of storage bin, and constantly pass into gas in storage bin.Gas is oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and three kinds of gas by volume percentage score is not: oxygen is 2.5 ~ 4.5%, and carbon dioxide is 0 ~ 3%, and all the other are nitrogen.And control admission pressure not higher than 0.01MPa, gas flow is 50mL/min.By controlling the throughput of storage bin, reduce on the one hand the oxygen content of subenvironment in the storage bin, improved the content of nitrogen or carbon dioxide, suppressed respiratory intensity, avoid on the other hand the fruit anoxic and cause anaerobic respiration, and discharge the gases such as ethene that are unfavorable for fruit storage in time.
The upper cover of storage bin has air admission hole and venthole.The flexible rubber hose that connects air admission hole reaches the storage bin bottom, and the flexible rubber hose connected on venthole reaches outside freezer.Gas enters the storage bin bottom from air admission hole, after the whole storage bin of flowing through, from the upper cover venthole, along flexible rubber hose, discharges.The path of flowing through is so better circulated gas in whole storage bin.
Source of the gas is the steel cylinder that fills Compressed Gas, and the steel cylinder gas outlet is equipped with pressure-reducing valve and flow controller.A plurality of storage bins are chained together from beginning to end by flexible rubber hose, from steel cylinder, gas out enters into the storage bin bottom from the air admission hole of first storage bin, discharge and enter next storage bin from venthole, be together in series successively like this, last storage bin venthole gas is out discharged outside freezer.This connected mode can guarantee that each storage bin composition of gases within of same processing is consistent, and a small amount of oxygen is provided can to incessantly each storage bin and discharges in time ethylene gas.The size of each storage bin is approximately to place 30 five or nine bergamot pears in case, in big or small like this storage bin, store, can control effectively easily the content of oxygen, carbon dioxide, guarantee the subenvironment of suitable storage, avoid building and using the expensive of air-conditioned cold store.Use method of the present invention simple, with low cost.Preserve after 150 days, fruit still can keep fresh yellow-white, there is no the generation of pericarp browning and g.Fruit is 20 ℃ of placement after-ripening well after 7 days, and juice is abundant, and it is good that local flavor keeps.Improved the economic benefit of five or nine bergamot pear storages, be conducive to expand sales.
The gas of discharging from the storage bin venthole passes into aqua calcis, and the carbon dioxide in gas is absorbed by aqua calcis, can reduce the discharge of carbon dioxide, prevents air environmental pollution.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
The method of a kind of inhibition of the present invention five or nine bergamot pear fruit brownings comprises the steps:
1) gather: five or the nine bergamot pear fruits of 135 ~ 140 days after the harvesting full-bloom stage, remove immediately the fruit bag after harvesting, field heat is removed in In Shade placement in 2 ~ 4 hours.
2) 1-MCP processes: select the fruit without disease and pest, machinery wound, put into can be airtight the large account of plastics, take concentration as the airtight stifling 12h of the 1-MCP of 0.5 ~ 1.0 μ L/L.
2) precooling: precooling as early as possible after picking fruit.After stifling, immediately five or nine bergamot pears are put into to the freezer precooling 48h that storage bin is placed in 0 ℃.
4) storage: after precooling, that storage bin is airtight, start storage in the freezer that five or nine bergamot pears are-1 ℃ ~ 0 ℃ in temperature.In storage, by source of the gas, successively to airtight storage bin, pass into gas.Gas comprises the by volume following gas of percentage meter: oxygen is 2.5 ~ 4.5%, carbon dioxide is 0 ~ 3%, all the other are nitrogen.
Source of the gas is the Compressed Gas in steel cylinder that is contained in of preparing as required.The steel cylinder outlet arranges pressure-reducing valve and flow controller, can regulate pressure and control flow.By regulating pressure-reducing valve and flow controller, make the gas pressure that enters storage bin not higher than 0.01Mpa, gas flow is 50mL/min.From steel cylinder, gas out enters storage bin by flexible rubber hose.
The size of storage bin is for approximately placing 30 five or nine bergamot pears.The storage bin upper cover has two holes, and one is air admission hole, connects flexible rubber hose and passes into container bottom, and another is venthole, connects flexible rubber hose and leads to the storage bin outside.Storage bin can be a plurality of, between adjacent storage bin, with flexible rubber hose, interconnects, and is equivalent to the series connection on physics.Gas transports out from steel cylinder, by pressure-reducing valve and flow controller, is adjusted to suitable pressure and flow.The air admission hole of gas along flexible rubber hose from first storage bin flows into, and in the storage bin bottom, discharges, and the whole storage bin of flowing through, enter the air admission hole of next storage bin along flexible rubber hose from venthole out.Gas is transported in each storage bin successively.From last storage bin venthole gas out, along flexible pipe, directly stretch into freezer in the solution that contains calcium hydroxide, purpose is the carbon dioxide absorbed in gas circuit.
Embodiment 1
135 ~ 140 days five or nine bergamot pear fruits after the selection full-bloom stage, remove the fruit bag immediately after harvesting, field heat is removed in In Shade placement in 2 ~ 4 hours.Select the fruit without disease and pest, machinery wound, in the large account of airtight plastics with the airtight stifling 12h of the 1-MCP of 0.5 ~ 1.0 μ L/L.Fruit after stifling is put into to storage bin, put into approximately 30 fruits in each storage bin.The storage bin that fills fruit does not first carry out airtight, storage bin is moved in 0 ℃ of freezer to precooling 48h.Then under the condition that is-1 ~ 0 ℃ in temperature, start to store.The sealed storage case, open air supply system, regulates pressure-reducing valve and flow control valve.The control gas flow is 50mL/min, and gas mixing ratio is in Table 1, and surplus is nitrogen.Under such condition, storage is after 150 days, and five or nine bergamot pears, without fruit brown stain (the fruit browning rate is 0%), do not have the brown stain of pulp and the brown stain of pericarp.After the fruit after-ripening, juice is abundant, and it is good that local flavor keeps.
Embodiment 2 ~ 5
Implementation step is with embodiment 1, and condition and storage the results are shown in Table 1
The storage requirement of table 1 embodiment 1 ~ 5 and storage result
Five or nine bergamot pears of simultaneously gathering, pack as a control group not pack with 0.015mm thick polyethylene film material respectively, and in identical freezer, storage is 150 days, the fruit browning rate is respectively 49%, 63%, fruit under equal conditions after after-ripening mouthfeel sour and astringent, juice is less, local flavor is poor.
Claims (5)
1. a method that suppresses five or nine bergamot pear fruit brownings is characterized in that:
Step 1) is gathered: five or the nine bergamot pear fruits of 135～140 days after the harvesting full-bloom stage, remove immediately the In Shade placement of fruit bag 2～4 hours after harvesting, and remove field heat;
Step 2) 1-MCP processes: five or nine bergamot pears that will remove field heat are put into the large account of airtight plastics, and the 1-MCP that is 0.5～1.0 μ L/L by concentration fumigates 12h;
Step 3) precooling: will fumigate five or nine complete bergamot pears and put into the freezer precooling 48h that storage bin is placed in 0 ℃;
The step 4) storage: storage bin is airtight, start storage at the temperature of-1 ℃～0 ℃, constantly in airtight storage bin, pass into gas by source of the gas in storage; Venting pressure is not higher than 0.01MPa, and gas flow is 50mL/min; Described gas comprises oxygen that by volume content of percentage meter is 2.5%～4.5%, 0～3% carbon dioxide, all the other are nitrogen;
Described source of the gas is the steel cylinder that Compressed Gas is housed, and at steel cylinder gas outlet preparation pressure-reducing valve and flow controller, and is communicated to storage bin by flexible rubber hose; Described storage bin has air admission hole that supplied gas enters and the venthole of Exhaust Gas, and the flexible rubber hose that connects air admission hole reaches the storage bin bottom, and the flexible rubber hose connected on venthole reaches outside freezer.
2. the method for a kind of inhibition five or nine bergamot pear fruit brownings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the air admission hole of described storage bin and venthole are opened on storage bin and are covered.
3. the method for a kind of inhibition five or nine bergamot pear fruit brownings according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the flexible rubber hose connected on described venthole is communicated in the air admission hole of adjacent another storage bin and reaches the storage bin bottom, the like a plurality of storage bins are connected mutually by flexible rubber hose, the flexible rubber hose connected on the venthole of last storage bin is discharged to gas outside freezer.
4. the method for a kind of inhibition according to claim 3 five or nine bergamot pear fruit brownings, is characterized in that: place 30 five or nine bergamot pears in described storage bin.
5. according to the method for the described a kind of inhibition of claim 1～4 any one five or nine bergamot pear fruit brownings, it is characterized in that: the gas of discharging from the storage bin venthole passes into aqua calcis.
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| CN201210263154.0A CN102771548B (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Method for suppressing browning of Wujiuxiang pear fruit |
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| CN201210263154.0A CN102771548B (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Method for suppressing browning of Wujiuxiang pear fruit |
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| CN104770148B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-08-10 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | The indoor storage practice of taro bulb |
| CN105341142A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-24 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | Red fragrant pear storage fresh-keeping method |
| CN105685210A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-22 | 福建农林大学 | Harvesting method capable of reducing cold damage to olive fruit |
| CN107691632A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-16 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | Apple storage and preservation method |
| CN112352770B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-09-27 | 天津森罗科技股份有限公司 | Large-space tandem type synchronous oxygen reduction system |
| CN114711290A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-08 | 广西东鸣现代农业发展有限公司 | Method for prolonging storage life of bergamot pears |
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