CN112363737A - System installation method and related device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a system installation method, which comprises the following steps: the PXE client sends an installation request to the PXE server so that the PXE server returns address information to the PXE client; the PXE server is a server which is deployed with a ghost image and a basic system image; when the PXE client selects the ghost image to be installed, inquiring the ghost image and the basic system image according to the address information; and when the ghost image and the basic system image are inquired, carrying out system installation according to the ghost image and the basic system image through a PXE protocol. The method and the device realize the ghost mirror image installation through the PXE server, and improve the ghost mirror image installation efficiency. The application also discloses a system installation device, a server and a computer readable storage medium, which have the beneficial effects.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a system installation method, a system installation apparatus, a server, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
With the continuous development of information technology, server devices corresponding to computers are applied in more and more scenes at present. Therefore, in the process of manufacturing computer servers, installing systems on computer equipment and server equipment becomes an extremely important operation. Computer installation systems are an important and tedious task in the SIT (System Integration Testing) work. Often a system of several machines is mounted guided by means of a compact disc or a usb-disc. If the installation occasion becomes to possess dozens of hundreds of machine rooms or factory production line installation systems, not only a large amount of consumables are needed, but also the original technical work becomes repetitive manual labor. Meanwhile, when a plurality of machines are installed, an installer needs to operate on duty one by one, and the error probability and labor cost are greatly increased.
In the related art, a PXE (Preboot eXecution Environment) installation is generated, which is an unattended automatic installation technology, and works in a Client/Server network mode, and supports a workstation to download an image from a remote Server through a network, and thus supports starting an operating system through the network, during a starting process, a terminal requires a Server to allocate an IP address, and then downloads a start software package into a local memory for eXecution by using a TFTP (trivial file transfer protocol) or MTFTP (trivial file transfer protocol), and the start software package completes terminal basic software setting, thereby guiding a terminal operating system preinstalled in the Server. However, the existing PXE installation mainly has the problem that the ghost image cannot be installed. The system can only be installed in batch by adopting a master disc copying mode, but the master disc copying mode cannot cope with complex system updating scenes, so that the system installation efficiency is reduced.
Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of installing the ghost mirroring system is a key issue of attention by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the application is to provide a system installation method, a system installation device, a server and a computer readable storage medium, wherein a gshost image and a corresponding basic system image are both arranged on a PXE server, and then image data is requested from the PXE server, so that the gshost image installation is realized through the PXE server, and the efficiency of the gshost image installation is improved.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides a system installation method, including:
the method comprises the steps that a PXE client sends an installation request to a PXE server so that the PXE server returns address information to the PXE client; the PXE server is a server which is deployed with a ghost image and a basic system image;
when the PXE client selects a ghost image to install, inquiring the ghost image and the basic system image according to the address information;
and when the ghost image and the basic system image are inquired, carrying out system installation according to the ghost image and the basic system image through a PXE protocol.
Optionally, the method further includes:
when the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image cannot be inquired, determining a target directory through all the mounted directories and the directory names corresponding to the directories;
and acquiring the ghost image and the basic system image from the target directory through a PXE protocol, and installing the system.
Optionally, the method further includes:
when the target directory is determined not to be reached, mounting the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image to a preset directory;
and acquiring the ghost image and the basic system image from the preset directory through a PXE protocol, and installing the system.
Optionally, the system installation is performed according to the ghost image and the basic system image through a PXE protocol, including:
downloading the ghost image and the basic system image to the PXE client through a PXE protocol;
carrying out system deployment starting processing according to the basic system mirror image to obtain a basic system;
and carrying out system installation processing on the ghost mirror image through the basic system.
The present application further provides a system installation apparatus, comprising:
the request sending module is used for sending an installation request to the PXE server so that the PXE server can return address information to the PXE client; the PXE server is a server which is deployed with a ghost image and a basic system image;
the image query module is used for querying the ghost image and the basic system image according to the address information when the PXE client selects the ghost image to install;
and the mirror image installation module is used for installing the system according to the ghost image and the basic system image through a PXE protocol when the ghost image and the basic system image are inquired.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the directory query module is used for determining a target directory according to all the mounted directories and the directory names corresponding to the directories when the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image cannot be queried;
and the directory mirror image installation module is used for acquiring the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image from the target directory through a PXE protocol and performing system installation.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the mirror image mounting module is used for mounting the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image to a preset directory when the target directory is determined not to be reached;
and the mounting mirror image installation module is used for acquiring the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image from the preset directory through a PXE protocol and carrying out system installation.
Optionally, the mirror image installation module includes:
the image data downloading unit is used for downloading the ghost image and the basic system image to the PXE client through a PXE protocol;
the basic system deployment unit is used for carrying out system deployment starting processing according to the basic system mirror image to obtain a basic system;
and the ghost mirror image installation unit is used for carrying out system installation processing on the ghost mirror image through the basic system.
The present application further provides a server, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the system installation method as described above when executing the computer program.
The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the system installation method as described above.
The system installation method provided by the application comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a PXE client sends an installation request to a PXE server so that the PXE server returns address information to the PXE client; the PXE server is a server which is deployed with a ghost image and a basic system image; when the PXE client selects a ghost image to install, inquiring the ghost image and the basic system image according to the address information; and when the ghost image and the basic system image are inquired, carrying out system installation according to the ghost image and the basic system image through a PXE protocol.
The method and the device have the advantages that the method and the device realize the installation of the ghost mirror image through the PXE server and improve the installation efficiency of the ghost mirror image by arranging the ghost mirror image and the corresponding basic system mirror image in the PXE server and then requesting mirror image data from the PXE server.
The present application further provides a system installation apparatus, a server, and a computer-readable storage medium, which have the above beneficial effects and are not described herein again.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a system installation method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system installation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The core of the application is to provide a system installation method, a system installation device, a server and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the steps of setting a ghost image and a corresponding basic system image in a PXE server, and then requesting image data from the PXE server, so that the ghost image installation is realized through the PXE server, and the ghost image installation efficiency is improved.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the related technology, PXE installation is generated, which is an unattended automatic installation technology, and works in a network mode of a Client/Server, a workstation is supported to download an image from a remote Server through a network, and accordingly, an operating system is started through the network, in the starting process, a terminal requires the Server to allocate an IP address, a starting software packet is downloaded to a local memory to be executed by using a TFTP or MTFTP protocol, and the starting software packet completes the setting of terminal basic software, so that the terminal operating system which is pre-installed in the Server is guided. However, the existing PXE installation mainly has the problem that the ghost image cannot be installed. The system can only be installed in batch by adopting a master disc copying mode, but the master disc copying mode cannot cope with complex system updating scenes, so that the system installation efficiency is reduced.
Therefore, the method for installing the system has the advantages that the method for installing the ghost mirror image and the corresponding basic system mirror image are arranged on the PXE server, and then the mirror image data is requested from the PXE server, so that the ghost mirror image installation through the PXE server is realized, and the ghost mirror image installation efficiency is improved.
The following describes a system installation method provided by the present application with an example.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a system installation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In this embodiment, the method may include:
s101, the PXE client sends an installation request to the PXE server so that the PXE server returns address information to the PXE client; the PXE server is a server which is deployed with a ghost image and a basic system image;
therefore, in the step, the PXE client mainly sends an installation request to the PXE server. The process of sending the installation request to the PXE server by the PXE client is a process of requesting the PXE server by the PXE client in the prior art.
Among other things, PXE, also known as a pre-execution environment, provides a mechanism for booting a computer using a network interface (network interface). This mechanism allows the computer to boot without relying on a local data storage device or a local installed operating system. The term PXE client (client) refers to the role of a machine in the PXE boot process. A PXE client (client) may be a server, desktop computer, laptop computer, or other machine that has PXE boot code. The firmware of the client attempts to find the PXE redirection service in the network in order to receive an available PXE boot server. After analyzing the returned packet, the firmware queries the appropriate boot server for the path of the network self test program (NBP) and downloads it to the computer's memory via the TFTP protocol, possibly to verify it, and finally to execute it.
In the PXE server in this embodiment, servers of the ghost image and the basic system image have already been deployed. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a ghost image, wherein the ghost image is a system image file used by a ghost system during system installation. The gshost system refers to a version of gshost software that is subjected to mirror cloning in a mounted operating system, and generally, the gshost is used for backup of the operating system and recovery when the system cannot be normally started. The basic method of ghost operation is different from other backup software, and is to operate a partition of the hard disk or the entire hard disk as an object, to copy the object completely (including the partition information of the hard disk of the object, the boot area information of the operating system, etc.), and to package and compress the object into an image file, and to restore the image file to the corresponding partition or the corresponding hard disk when necessary. The efficiency of system installation can be improved, the threshold of system installation is reduced.
However, the related art only supports a common system installation program, and when the installation is performed by using the ghost image, the problem of incompatibility occurs. Therefore, in this embodiment, a basic system compatible with the ghost image file is also deployed in the PXE server. So that the system installation operation is performed by the base system using the ghost image.
S102, when the PXE client selects the ghost image to be installed, inquiring the ghost image and the basic system image according to the address information;
on the basis of S101, this step is intended to query the ghost image and the basic system image according to the address information when the PXE client selects the ghost image to install. That is, the PXE client selects the ghost image installation among the plurality of system installation modes. Then the corresponding gshost image and base system image may be queried by the PXE server at this time. That is, the corresponding image file is queried through the PXE server, so as to use the image file for system installation.
Wherein, the ghost image and the basic system image are generally deployed under specific several directories. Therefore, the process of querying only needs to query whether mirror data is mounted under a specific directory.
S103, when the ghost image and the basic system image are inquired, system installation is carried out according to the ghost image and the basic system image through a PXE protocol.
On the basis of S102, this step is intended to perform system installation according to the ghost image and the base system image through the PXE protocol when the ghost image and the base system image are queried. That is, when the corresponding ghost image and the basic system image are queried, the data of the ghost image and the basic system image can be obtained through the PXE protocol. And system installation is performed in a local computer, i.e., a client-side installed computer.
The system installation process is that the corresponding basic system is deployed by adopting the basic system mirror image, and then the basic system is adopted to install the ghost mirror image. The basic system deployment mode may be any basic system deployment mode provided in the prior art, and is not specifically limited herein. The method for installing the ghost image through the basic system may also adopt any installation method provided in the prior art, which is not specifically limited herein.
Further, in order to adapt the ghost image, the system installation in this step may include:
step 1, downloading a ghost image and a basic system image to a PXE client through a PXE protocol;
step 2, performing system deployment starting processing according to the basic system mirror image to obtain a basic system;
and 3, carrying out system installation processing on the ghost mirror image through the basic system.
It can be seen that the present alternative is primarily illustrative of how the system installation process may be performed. In the alternative scheme, a ghost image and a basic system image are downloaded to a PXE client through a PXE protocol; then, carrying out system deployment starting processing according to the basic system mirror image to obtain a basic system; and finally, carrying out system installation processing on the ghost mirror image through the basic system. The method and the device realize the installation process of the ghost mirror image and improve the installation efficiency of the ghost mirror image.
Further, to avoid the problem of the card pause of the PXE server, the embodiment may further include:
step 1, when the ghost image and the basic system image cannot be inquired, determining a target directory through all the mounted directories and directory names corresponding to the directories;
and 2, acquiring the ghost image and the basic system image from the target directory through the PXE protocol, and installing the system.
It can be seen that the present alternative is mainly to describe how to operate when the query does not reach the ghost image and the base system image. In the related art, a stuck condition occurs when the ghost image and the base system image are not queried. Therefore, in the alternative, the target directory is determined by all the mounted directories and the directory name corresponding to each directory; and then, acquiring the ghost image and the basic system image from the target directory through the PXE protocol, and installing the system. That is, a target directory provided with mirror data is determined by all the mounted directories and corresponding directory names, and then the corresponding mirror data is obtained from the target directory through the PXE protocol.
Further, to avoid the problem of the card pause of the PXE server, the embodiment may further include:
step 1, when the target directory is determined not to be reached, mounting a ghost mirror image and a basic system mirror image to a preset directory;
and 2, acquiring the ghost image and the basic system image from the preset directory through the PXE protocol, and installing the system.
It can be seen that this alternative is primarily illustrative of how to operate when it is determined that the target directory is not reached. In the alternative scheme, when the target directory is determined not to be reached, the mirror image file is obtained mainly in a mode of actively mounting the mirror image file. Specifically, when the target directory is determined not to be reached, firstly, mounting the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image to a preset directory; and then, acquiring the ghost image and the basic system image from the preset directory through the PXE protocol, and installing the system.
In summary, in the embodiment, the ghost image and the corresponding basic system image are both set in the PXE server, and then the image data is requested from the PXE server, so that the ghost image installation is performed through the PXE server, and the ghost image installation efficiency is improved.
The system installation method provided by the present application is further described below with reference to a specific embodiment.
In this embodiment, each device is first set. The network card of the installed system machine needs to support the PXE protocol, and the motherboard supports network booting. A DHCP server is needed to automatically assign addresses to clients, specifying boot file locations. The server provides for the download of the boot image file via the TFTP protocol.
First, two images are uploaded to the PXE server. Then, the installed machine PXE starts, and selects the base system boot. The method comprises the steps of performing ghost installation through a PXE server, generally mounting the ghost in media, inputting sudo su in a terminal to obtain authority if the ghost is not found, then inputting df-Th to check a mounting directory and a directory name, and manually mounting the directory where the mirror image is located in an mnt directory if the mounting directory and the directory name cannot be found through mount/dev/sdb/mnt. And finally, the next station can be installed without the need of personnel on duty. One worker can install 12 machines at the same time, according to the field test.
Therefore, in the embodiment, the method and the device for installing the gshost image can be realized by setting the gshost image and the corresponding basic system image in the PXE server and then requesting the PXE server for image data, so that the gshost image installation is performed through the PXE server, and the efficiency of the gshost image installation is improved.
The system installation device provided by the embodiment of the present application is described below, and the system installation device described below and the system installation method described above may be referred to correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system installation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In this embodiment, the method may include:
a request sending module 100, configured to send an installation request to the PXE server, so that the PXE server returns address information to the PXE client; the PXE server is a server which is deployed with a ghost image and a basic system image;
the image query module 200 is configured to query the ghost image and the basic system image according to the address information when the PXE client selects the ghost image for installation;
the image installation module 300 is configured to, when the ghost image and the basic system image are queried, perform system installation according to the ghost image and the basic system image through the PXE protocol.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include:
the directory query module is used for determining a target directory according to all the mounted directories and the directory names corresponding to the directories when the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image are not queried;
and the directory mirror image installation module is used for acquiring the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image from the target directory through the PXE protocol and installing the system.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include:
the mirror image mounting module is used for mounting the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image to a preset directory when the target directory is determined not to be reached;
and the mounting mirror image installation module is used for acquiring the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image from the preset directory through the PXE protocol and installing the system.
Optionally, the mirror image installation module 300 includes:
the image data downloading unit is used for downloading the ghost image and the basic system image to the PXE client through the PXE protocol;
the basic system deployment unit is used for carrying out system deployment starting processing according to the basic system mirror image to obtain a basic system;
and the ghost image installation unit is used for carrying out system installation processing on the ghost image through the basic system.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a server, including:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the system installation method as described in the above embodiments when executing the computer program.
The present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the system installation method according to the foregoing embodiment.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
A system installation method, a system installation apparatus, a server, and a computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present application are explained herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A system installation method, comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a PXE client sends an installation request to a PXE server so that the PXE server returns address information to the PXE client; the PXE server is a server which is deployed with a ghost image and a basic system image;
when the PXE client selects a ghost image to install, inquiring the ghost image and the basic system image according to the address information;
and when the ghost image and the basic system image are inquired, carrying out system installation according to the ghost image and the basic system image through a PXE protocol.
2. The system installation method of claim 1, further comprising:
when the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image cannot be inquired, determining a target directory through all the mounted directories and the directory names corresponding to the directories;
and acquiring the ghost image and the basic system image from the target directory through a PXE protocol, and installing the system.
3. The system installation method of claim 2, further comprising:
when the target directory is determined not to be reached, mounting the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image to a preset directory;
and acquiring the ghost image and the basic system image from the preset directory through a PXE protocol, and installing the system.
4. The system installation method according to claim 1, wherein performing system installation according to the ghost image and the base system image through a PXE protocol comprises:
downloading the ghost image and the basic system image to the PXE client through a PXE protocol;
carrying out system deployment starting processing according to the basic system mirror image to obtain a basic system;
and carrying out system installation processing on the ghost mirror image through the basic system.
5. A system installation apparatus, comprising:
the request sending module is used for sending an installation request to the PXE server so that the PXE server can return address information to the PXE client; the PXE server is a server which is deployed with a ghost image and a basic system image;
the image query module is used for querying the ghost image and the basic system image according to the address information when the PXE client selects the ghost image to install;
and the mirror image installation module is used for installing the system according to the ghost image and the basic system image through a PXE protocol when the ghost image and the basic system image are inquired.
6. The system mounting apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:
the directory query module is used for determining a target directory according to all the mounted directories and the directory names corresponding to the directories when the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image cannot be queried;
and the directory mirror image installation module is used for acquiring the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image from the target directory through a PXE protocol and performing system installation.
7. The system mounting apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:
the mirror image mounting module is used for mounting the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image to a preset directory when the target directory is determined not to be reached;
and the mounting mirror image installation module is used for acquiring the ghost mirror image and the basic system mirror image from the preset directory through a PXE protocol and carrying out system installation.
8. The system installation apparatus of claim 5, wherein the mirror installation module comprises:
the image data downloading unit is used for downloading the ghost image and the basic system image to the PXE client through a PXE protocol;
the basic system deployment unit is used for carrying out system deployment starting processing according to the basic system mirror image to obtain a basic system;
and the ghost mirror image installation unit is used for carrying out system installation processing on the ghost mirror image through the basic system.
9. A server, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the system installation method of any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing said computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the system installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN202011346983.6A CN112363737A (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | System installation method and related device |
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| CN202011346983.6A CN112363737A (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | System installation method and related device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113407201A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | System installation method and device |
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| CN113407201A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | System installation method and device |
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