CN112362524A - Method for testing water yield of granular steel sample - Google Patents
Method for testing water yield of granular steel sample Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the water yield of a granular steel sample, and relates to the technical field of metallurgical raw material testing equipment. The invention provides a method for testing the water yield of a grain steel sample, which comprises the following steps: providing a pre-selected grain steel sample; the pre-selection granular steel sample is divided until the weight of the pre-selection granular steel sample is 2Kg-3.5 Kg; drying the pre-selected granular steel sample to obtain a spare granular steel sample; dissolving and cleaning the spare granulated steel sample to obtain dissolved and cleaned iron blocks; weighing the dissolved iron blocks to obtain the specific gravity of the spare steel grain sample; and obtaining the water yield of the spare granular steel sample according to the specific gravity of the spare granular steel sample. The method for detecting the water yield of the granular steel sample solves the problems of difficult preparation, long detection period, poor representativeness of detected data and low data accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical raw material inspection equipment, in particular to a method for inspecting the water yield of a granular steel sample.
Background
The content of TFe (tetrafluoroethylene) in the granular steel sample is not fixed, and the preparation is difficult, the inspection period is long, the representativeness of the inspected data is poor, and the data accuracy is low by utilizing the traditional sample preparation method to carry out inspection after preparation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for testing the water yield of a steel grain sample, which helps to improve the accuracy of testing the TFe content in the steel grain sample.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for testing the water yield of a steel grain sample, comprising:
providing a pre-selected grain steel sample;
reducing the pre-selected steel sample by a riffle until the weight of the pre-selected steel sample is 2Kg-3.5 Kg;
drying the pre-selected granular steel sample to obtain a spare granular steel sample;
dissolving and cleaning the spare granulated steel sample to obtain dissolved and cleaned iron blocks;
weighing the dissolved iron blocks to obtain the specific gravity of the spare steel grain sample;
and obtaining the water yield of the spare granular steel sample according to the specific gravity of the spare granular steel sample.
In one embodiment, the pre-selected grain steel sample is reduced no less than twice.
In one embodiment, the step of cleaning the spare granulated steel sample to obtain cleaned iron blocks comprises:
checking whether the dissolving and cleaning equipment is normal;
starting the dissolving and cleaning equipment;
and dissolving and cleaning the spare granular steel sample.
In one embodiment, the dissolving and cleaning equipment comprises a high-temperature furnace, a crucible and a circulating water cooling system, wherein the crucible is placed in the high-temperature furnace, the circulating water cooling system is positioned in the high-temperature furnace, and quartz sand is laid at the bottom of a lining of the high-temperature furnace when the dissolving and cleaning equipment is checked to be normal.
In one embodiment, when the dissolving and cleaning equipment is checked to be normal, the crucible is placed in the center position in the high-temperature furnace lining.
In one embodiment, the circulating water cooling system is in operation.
In one embodiment, the step of melting and cleaning the spare granulated steel sample to obtain melted and cleaned iron blocks comprises the following steps:
smelting the standby granular steel sample by using a crucible to obtain a liquid standby granular steel sample;
stirring the liquid standby granular steel sample;
cooling the crucible.
In one embodiment, the liquid, ready-to-use, pellet steel sample is agitated using a drying-treated stick.
In one embodiment, after the spare granulated steel sample is dissolved and cleaned to obtain a dissolved and cleaned iron block, the surface of the dissolved and cleaned iron block is checked for obvious slag and pores.
As mentioned above, the method for testing the water yield of the steel grain sample provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: firstly, putting all the pre-selected steel samples into a riffle to be subjected to division, wherein the division frequency is not less than two times; then drying the pre-selected granular steel sample to obtain the spare granular steel sample; checking whether each interface of the circulating cooling water is firmly connected, paving quartz sand at the bottom of the high-temperature furnace, checking whether the empty crucible has cracks, paving the heat insulation cotton and covering the crucible with the heat insulation cotton to play roles in preventing splashing and preserving heat; weighing a certain amount of the spare granulated steel sample, putting the spare granulated steel sample into the crucible, covering the crucible with heat insulation cotton to heat the crucible, heating the spare granulated steel sample to a molten state, and continuously stirring materials by using the dried wood stick in the heating process until the liquid level of the spare granulated steel sample in the molten state in the crucible is reduced and no bubbles are generated; and after power failure, placing the crucible in the high-temperature furnace lining for about 10 minutes, taking out the crucible when no bubbles are generated, then cooling the crucible at normal temperature or cooling the crucible by water for about 30 minutes, breaking the crucible, separating an iron block and a slag sample, cleaning the slag sample on the iron block, checking whether obvious slag and obvious air holes exist on the dissolved and cleaned iron block, if obvious slag or air holes exist, obtaining the dissolved and cleaned iron block again, and if no obvious slag or air holes exist, calculating by using a formula so as to obtain the water yield of the pre-selection granular steel sample. The TFe in the sample can be quickly separated, the TFe content in the spare granular steel sample can be conveniently and accurately measured, and the representativeness of the spare granular steel sample is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart showing the steps of the method for testing the water yield of a granular steel sample.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart showing the substeps of dissolving and cleaning the spare granulated steel sample and obtaining dissolved and cleaned iron blocks in the method for testing the water yield of the granulated steel sample.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Please refer to fig. 1-2. The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
In view of the development trend of steel materials in China from construction steel mainly to machine manufacturing steel mainly, the main recent work of steel materials in China on the aspects of variety and specification is to solve the key technical problem in the production of flat materials, pipes and special steel.
On the basis of the basic theoretical research of steel materials and the development of process technical equipment, in order to meet the increasing demands, new steel materials emerge endlessly. Fine grain steel and ultra-fine grain steel appear in the carbon structural steel; high-strength low-yield-ratio construction steel, dual-phase steel, ultra-deep drawing IF steel, high-strength IF steel, TRIP steel, hydrogen sulfide-resistant pipeline steel, weather-resistant steel and the like appear in the high-strength low-alloy steel; microalloy non-quenched and tempered steel, delayed fracture resistant bolt steel, long-life gear steel and the like appear in the alloy structural steel; maraging steel, low-alloy ultrahigh-strength steel and the like with high strength and high toughness appear in ultrahigh-strength steel; in the stainless steel, harsh medium corrosion resistant stainless steel, ferrite aging stainless steel, maraging stainless steel, shape memory stainless steel, super deep drawing stainless steel, super free-cutting stainless steel and the like appear; bearing steel has ultrahigh cleanliness, high carbon and chromium bearing steel, hardenability control bearing steel and the like; the types of tool and die steel include non-deformable die steel, free-cutting die steel, vibration-proof die steel, low-segregation or segregation-free high-speed steel, and the like.
The development of new high-performance steel materials is carried out to replace the process of old steel materials with poorer technical performance, which is the process that the traditional material industry can continuously survive and continuously develop. In the development process of the granular steel, the TFe content is not fixed, and the TFe content plays a decisive role in the performance of the granular steel, so that an accurate test method for the water yield of the granular steel is urgently needed for testing the water yield of the granular steel.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for testing the water yield of a steel grain sample, which is used for measuring the TFe content in the steel grain sample, i.e. the water yield of the steel grain sample, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: providing a pre-selected grain steel sample;
s2: the pre-selection granular steel sample is divided until the weight of the pre-selection granular steel sample is 2Kg-3.5 Kg;
s3: drying the pre-selected granular steel sample to obtain a spare granular steel sample;
s4: dissolving and cleaning the spare granulated steel sample to obtain dissolved and cleaned iron blocks;
s5: weighing the dissolved iron blocks to obtain the specific gravity of the spare steel grain sample;
s6: and obtaining the water yield of the spare granular steel sample according to the specific gravity of the spare granular steel sample.
Referring to fig. 1, a small amount of the pre-selected steel sample is taken to scrub the riffle and the magazine, wherein the small amount of the pre-selected steel sample can be about 50g, for example, the riffle and the magazine are scrubbed by the pre-selected steel sample, so that the residues of other samples in the riffle and the magazine can be removed, and only the residues of the pre-selected steel sample are carried, and the accuracy of detecting the water yield of the pre-selected steel sample is improved. And putting all the rest pre-selected grain steel samples into a riffle for division, wherein the riffle consists of a sealing shell, a grid groove, a sample receiver, a dustpan and the like. The widths of the grid grooves of the rifflers with different specifications are 2.5 times of the maximum granularity of the coal sample, and the slopes of the equal slopes of the grid grooves are not less than 60 degrees. The efficiency and quality of sample preparation can be greatly improved, when in use, the pre-selected steel sample needs to be fed into the riffle in a columnar reciprocating swing mode, the amplitude of swing of the fed pre-selected steel sample does not exceed two ends of the riffle, the possibility of waste of the pre-selected steel sample is reduced, the pre-selected steel sample is taken at one side after being contracted, in one embodiment, the number of times of contraction is not less than 2, samples need to be alternately reserved on two sides of the riffle until the pre-selected steel sample is contracted to the weight of 2Kg-3.5Kg, so the step S1 is repeated for not less than 2 times, the sample amount is reduced, the accuracy of testing the water yield of the pre-selected steel sample is improved, if the moisture of the pre-selected steel sample is high, the sample can not be excessively entered, and the riffle is vibrated simultaneously so as to prevent the wet pre-selected steel sample from blocking the cell of the riffle.
Referring to fig. 1, the oven is heated to reach a temperature of 140-150 ℃, for example 145 ℃, and the pre-selected steel grain sample obtained after the reduction is placed in the pre-heated oven to obtain the standby steel grain sample, so that the moisture on the surface of the pre-selected steel grain sample can be treated, the possibility of influencing the water yield of the pre-selected steel grain sample due to external factors is reduced, and if the surface of the pre-selected steel grain sample has moisture, the water yield is seriously influenced without drying.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, the step S4: dissolving and cleaning the spare granular steel sample, and obtaining dissolved and cleaned iron blocks, wherein the method comprises the following substeps:
referring to fig. 2, S41: whether the clear equipment is normal is dissolved in the inspection, dissolve clear equipment and include high temperature furnace, crucible and circulating water cooling system, dissolve clear experiment before beginning, the staff dresses the labour protection product, for example safety helmet, labour protection shoes, high temperature resistant gloves, protective face mask, fire-retardant clothes, reduce the potential safety hazard of dissolving bringing in the clear experimentation, protection staff's safety.
Referring to fig. 2, whether the water inlet and outlet interfaces are firm is checked, then the circulating cooling water is started, when the water inlet and outlet pressure is normal, the water leakage phenomenon of each interface is guaranteed, and in the whole checking process, the circulating cooling water plays a role in cooling, so that the firm checking of the connection of the circulating cooling water interfaces is very important.
Referring to fig. 2, quartz sand is uniformly laid at the bottom of a lining of a high temperature furnace, the thickness of the quartz sand is 1.8cm-2.2cm, for example, 2cm, so that potential safety hazards caused by burning-out of the bottom of the lining of the high temperature furnace can be effectively reduced, when the bottom of the lining of the high temperature furnace is damaged due to improper operation of workers, a steel sample with pre-selected particles flows out after being melted into molten iron, and is connected with the furnace body of the high temperature furnace into a whole after being cooled, so that the cleaning is difficult, the furnace body is damaged due to cleaning, the cost loss is large, and therefore, the possibility of the phenomenon can be greatly reduced due to the quartz sand, the molten iron is connected with the molten iron, and the cleaning of the workers is convenient, and the high temperature.
Referring to fig. 2, checking whether the empty crucible has cracks, and if the crucible has cracks, prohibiting the crucible from being used; if the crucible has no crack, the empty crucible is placed in the high-temperature furnace lining, for example, the center position in the high-temperature furnace lining can be used, all parts of the crucible are uniformly heated, the crucible is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh temperature at a certain position of the crucible, the periphery of the crucible is separated from the furnace lining by heat insulation cotton, a crucible opening is covered by the heat insulation cotton, the possibility of splashing and accidentally injuring workers in the inspection process is reduced, and meanwhile, the effects of heat preservation and energy conservation are achieved.
S42: starting a dissolving and cleaning device;
referring to fig. 2, after the step S41 is completed, the power switch in the power distribution cabinet is turned on after the heating power adjusting knob on the control cabinet is turned to the minimum, the control power switch is turned on, the start button is pressed, and the heating power adjusting knob is turned to the maximum after heating for 4-6 minutes, for example, 5 minutes is allowed.
Referring to fig. 2, the crucible is inspected again, the crucible is heated to a reddened state, a worker opens the heat insulation cotton by using a wooden stick, the wooden stick needs to be dried and dehumidified in advance, the possibility that moisture brought by the wooden stick affects the inspection result is reduced, whether cracks exist in the crucible is observed, if cracks exist, the power is cut off immediately, the crucible is taken out and then placed into a new crucible again, and if cracks do not exist, a control power switch is turned off.
Referring to fig. 2, weighing 1.8-2.2kg of the dried spare steel grain sample, and loading the spare steel grain sample into a crucible, wherein the weight of the spare steel grain sample can be 2kg, for example, heat insulation cotton is arranged on a cover of the crucible, and a control power switch is turned on. When the working personnel operates the step and adds the spare granular steel sample, the working personnel need to pay attention to forbid contacting the high-temperature furnace body by directly or holding conductive objects such as metal and the like by hands, so as to prevent electric shock accidents.
S43: and dissolving and cleaning the spare granular steel sample.
Referring to fig. 2, the spare granular steel sample is heated to a molten state, that is, the spare granular steel sample is melted after reaching a certain temperature, the spare granular steel sample is changed from a solid state to a liquid state, when the liquid spare granular steel sample rises to the position of the crucible opening in the crucible, the material is continuously stirred by the wood stick, the wood stick needs to be dried and dehumidified in advance, the possibility that moisture brought by the wood stick affects the inspection result is reduced, the wood stick continuously stirs the material to prevent the slag from being bonded with the crucible wall into blocks, meanwhile, the slag is prevented from flowing to the outside of the crucible, a worker needs to constantly observe the condition of bubble generation in the crucible, and when the liquid level of the liquid spare granular steel sample in the crucible drops and no bubble is generated, the bubble reflects the separation degree of the slag and the iron in the internal molten state. If in the process, after the slag is bonded with the crucible wall into blocks, bubbles in the crucible can be influenced to be dispersed, the spare granular steel sample is caused to overflow, the accuracy of the detection of the water yield of the preselected granular steel sample is influenced, and finally, an equipment switch and a power switch in a power distribution cabinet are turned off. In the process, the state of the crucible is observed in time in the melting process, and the molten iron is prevented from burning through the crucible to cause accidents.
Referring to fig. 2, in the process of smelting the standby granular steel sample, the temperature of circulating cooling water is strictly controlled, if the temperature of the water is too high, that is, the temperature of the water is over 40 ℃, tap water is timely introduced to cool the circulating cooling water, so that an induction coil in the high-temperature furnace body is protected, and equipment damage caused by the fact that the temperature of the cooling circulating water is too high by the induction coil is reduced. In the smelting process, a worker can pay attention to the water pressure change of the circulating cooling water pump at any moment, if the water pressure is abnormal, the power supply of the intermediate frequency furnace and the water pump is cut off immediately, after the water pump stops working, a valve from a water bucket to the water pump is closed, a tap water supply valve is opened, the pressure of tap water is used for supplying cooling water to the intermediate frequency furnace, and when the water pressure of the cooling water is checked to be normal, the power supply of the intermediate frequency furnace is opened to continue working. The circulating cooling water can not be closed when the intermediate frequency furnace is not used or is stopped, the water can be stopped when the temperature of the furnace lining is reduced to be below 80 ℃, the temperature of the furnace is about 1500 ℃ in a melting state, and the continuous circulating cooling water can protect the induction coil from being normally used.
Referring to fig. 1, after power failure, the crucible is placed in the high-temperature furnace lining for 10 minutes, and is taken out when no bubbles exist, the bubbles reflect the separation degree of the iron and slag in the internal molten state, i.e. the iron blocks and the slag sample are completely separated, the iron and slag are cooled at normal temperature or by water for 30 minutes, the crucible is broken, the iron blocks and the slag sample are separated, and the slag sample on the iron blocks is removed.
Referring to fig. 1, it is checked that no obvious slag or air holes are formed on the surface of the molten iron-cleaning block, and if the obvious air holes are formed, the molten iron-cleaning block needs to be obtained again, so that the accuracy of the water yield test of the granular steel sample is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, if the soluble clear iron blocks obtained through steps S1, S2, and S3 have no obvious pores, step S4 is performed: weighing the iron-melting and cleaning block, calculating the water yield of the pre-selection grain steel sample according to the following formula,
the water yield is M1/M multiplied by 100%
In the formula: m1-weight of iron nugget after test;
m-total amount of sample added to crucible. And obtaining the water yield of the granular steel sample.
In conclusion, the invention provides a method for testing the water yield of a steel grain sample, which is used for improving the accuracy of testing the TFe content in the steel grain sample. Firstly, brushing a riffle and a material box by a small amount of the pre-selection granular steel sample, and then putting all the rest pre-selection granular steel sample into the riffle for division, wherein the division times are not less than two; then drying the pre-selected granular steel sample to obtain the spare granular steel sample; workers wear labor protectors, check whether all interfaces of circulating cooling water are connected firmly, lay quartz sand at the bottom of the high-temperature furnace, check whether cracks exist in the empty crucible, lay the heat insulation cotton and heat insulation cotton on the crucible opening cover, and play roles in preventing splashing and preserving heat; slowly opening the heating power on the control cabinet from small to large, observing whether the cooling circulating water leaks or not, heating the crucible, and checking whether a crack exists in the crucible or not; weighing a certain amount of the spare granular steel sample, placing the spare granular steel sample into the crucible, covering the crucible with heat insulation cotton to heat the crucible, heating the spare granular steel sample to a molten state, and stirring the materials by using the drying stick when the liquid level of the spare granular steel sample in the molten state in the crucible is crusted in the heating process until the liquid level of the spare granular steel sample in the molten state in the crucible is lowered and no bubbles are generated; and after power failure, placing the crucible in the high-temperature furnace lining for about 10 minutes, taking out the crucible when no bubbles are generated, then cooling the crucible at normal temperature or cooling the crucible by water for about 30 minutes, breaking the crucible, separating an iron block and a slag sample, cleaning the slag sample on the iron block, checking whether obvious slag and obvious air holes exist on the dissolved and cleaned iron block, if obvious slag or air holes exist, obtaining the dissolved and cleaned iron block again, and if no obvious slag or air holes exist, calculating by using a formula to obtain the water yield of the pre-selection granular steel sample.
While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for testing the water yield of a grain steel sample is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a pre-selected grain steel sample;
reducing the pre-selected steel sample by a riffle until the weight of the pre-selected steel sample is 2Kg-3.5 Kg;
drying the pre-selected granular steel sample to obtain a spare granular steel sample;
dissolving and cleaning the spare granulated steel sample to obtain dissolved and cleaned iron blocks;
weighing the dissolved iron blocks to obtain the specific gravity of the spare steel grain sample;
and obtaining the water yield of the spare granular steel sample according to the specific gravity of the spare granular steel sample.
2. The method for testing the water yield of the granular steel sample according to claim 1, wherein the pre-selected granular steel sample is divided not less than twice.
3. The method for testing the water yield of the granular steel sample according to claim 1, wherein the step of cleaning the spare granular steel sample to obtain cleaned iron blocks comprises the following steps:
checking whether the dissolving and cleaning equipment is normal;
starting the dissolving and cleaning equipment;
and dissolving and cleaning the spare granular steel sample.
4. The method for inspecting the water yield of the granular steel sample according to claim 3, wherein the dissolving and cleaning equipment comprises a high-temperature furnace, a crucible and a circulating water cooling system, the crucible is placed in the high-temperature furnace, the circulating water cooling system is positioned in the high-temperature furnace, and quartz sand is laid at the bottom of a lining of the high-temperature furnace when the dissolving and cleaning equipment is checked to be normal.
5. The method for detecting the water yield of the granular steel sample according to claim 4, wherein the crucible is placed at the center in the high-temperature furnace lining when a dissolving and cleaning device is checked to be normal.
6. The method for testing the water yield of the granular steel sample according to claim 4, wherein the circulating water cooling system is in an operating state.
7. The method for testing the water yield of the granular steel sample according to claim 3, wherein the step of dissolving and cleaning the spare granular steel sample to obtain dissolved and cleaned iron blocks comprises the following steps:
smelting the standby granular steel sample by using a crucible to obtain a liquid standby granular steel sample;
stirring the liquid standby granular steel sample;
cooling the crucible.
8. The method for testing the water yield of the granular steel sample according to claim 7, wherein the liquid standby granular steel sample is stirred by using a drying stick.
9. The method for testing the water yield of the granular steel sample according to claim 1, wherein after the spare granular steel sample is dissolved and cleaned to obtain a dissolved iron block, the surface of the dissolved iron block is checked for obvious slag and pores.
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