CN112360642A - Piston structure of horizontal engine - Google Patents

Piston structure of horizontal engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112360642A
CN112360642A CN202011236145.3A CN202011236145A CN112360642A CN 112360642 A CN112360642 A CN 112360642A CN 202011236145 A CN202011236145 A CN 202011236145A CN 112360642 A CN112360642 A CN 112360642A
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China
Prior art keywords
piston
oil
piston body
guide groove
horizontal
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CN202011236145.3A
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CN112360642B (en
Inventor
曾德林
余锦海
覃文
廖升友
苏文强
张文
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Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co Ltd
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Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种卧式发动机的活塞结构，包括以水平形式设置在卧式发动机的气缸体内的活塞体，气缸体上包括进油孔，活塞体包括活塞内冷油腔、活塞导油槽以及导流通道。活塞内冷油腔沿活塞体的轴线方向设置在活塞体的内部；活塞导油槽沿活塞体的轴线方向设置在活塞体的水平位置最高点的外壁上；导流通道设置在活塞内冷油腔与活塞导油槽之间；其中当活塞体位于下止点位置时，活塞导油槽与进油孔连通。本发明的活塞结构通过采用自顶向下输入润滑机油的形式，配合专用活塞导油槽和大腔体的活塞内冷油腔设计，可很好地克服通过冷却喷钩喷射进入内笼油道的机油少而带走热量不足，活塞顶部和火力岸过热，发生活塞烧熔、裂纹或机油结焦积碳的缺陷。

Figure 202011236145

The invention discloses a piston structure of a horizontal engine, which comprises a piston body arranged in a horizontal form in a cylinder body of the horizontal engine, the cylinder body includes an oil inlet hole, and the piston body includes a piston inner cooling oil cavity, a piston oil guide groove and a piston body. diversion channel. The piston inner cooling oil chamber is arranged inside the piston body along the axis direction of the piston body; the piston oil guide groove is arranged along the axis direction of the piston body on the outer wall of the highest point of the horizontal position of the piston body; the guide channel is arranged in the piston inner cooling oil chamber Between the piston oil guide groove and the piston oil guide groove; wherein when the piston body is at the bottom dead center position, the piston oil guide groove communicates with the oil inlet hole. The piston structure of the invention adopts the form of top-down input of lubricating oil, and cooperates with the design of the special piston oil guide groove and the piston inner cooling oil cavity with a large cavity, which can well overcome the problem of spraying into the inner cage oil passage through the cooling spray hook. There is insufficient oil to take away heat, the top of the piston and the fire bank are overheated, and defects such as piston melting, cracking or oil coking and carbon deposition occur.

Figure 202011236145

Description

Piston structure of horizontal engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engines, in particular to a piston structure of a horizontal engine.
Background
The piston is used for lubricating the piston, the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve, and the piston is used for lubricating the piston, the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve.
The conventional engine piston is limited by the structure, the middle part of a combustion chamber in the inner cavity of the piston is cooled only by splashed engine oil, the splashed engine oil is limited, the quantity of heat taken away is small, the combustion temperature of a hot piston is high, the engine oil is easy to deteriorate due to overhigh temperature, the engine oil changing period is short, and even the piston is not cooled enough and cracks or melts. The inner cooling oil duct can be only arranged on a smaller ring close to the first piston ring as far as possible, and can only be used for locally cooling a firepower bank and the position of the first piston ring, so that the cooling efficiency is prior, the first and second piston ring grooves are easy to deposit carbon and coke, the faults of a piston snap ring and the like are caused, and the oil consumption is greatly increased.
The piston structure of the horizontal engine in the prior art has the following defects: the method of splash lubrication has a limit to the reduction of the friction of the piston ring and the uniform cooling, and particularly the capability of controlling the eccentric wear of the piston ring is limited under the action of gravity of a piston connecting rod assembly. In the limited space of the inner cooling oil duct, less engine oil which is injected into the inner cage oil duct through the cooling spray hook is insufficient in heat taking away, the top of the piston and a firepower bank are overheated, and the risk of piston burning, cracking or engine oil coking and carbon deposition is increased.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a piston structure of a horizontal engine, which well overcomes the defects in the prior art by adopting a form of inputting lubricating oil from top to bottom and matching with a special piston oil guide groove and a piston inner cooling oil cavity design with a large cavity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a piston structure of a horizontal engine, which comprises a piston body horizontally arranged in an air cylinder body of the horizontal engine, wherein the air cylinder body comprises an oil inlet hole, and the piston body comprises an internal cooling oil cavity of the piston, a piston oil guide groove and a flow guide channel. The piston inner cooling oil cavity is arranged inside the piston body along the axis direction of the piston body; the piston oil guide groove is arranged on the outer wall of the highest point of the horizontal position of the piston body along the axis direction of the piston body; the flow guide channel is arranged between the piston inner cooling oil cavity and the piston oil guide groove; when the piston body is located at the position of the lower dead point, the piston oil guide groove is communicated with the oil inlet.
In a preferred embodiment, the piston inner cooling oil cavity is a truncated cone-shaped cavity, and the truncated cone-shaped cavity of the piston inner cooling oil cavity is coaxial with the piston body.
In a preferred embodiment, the piston structure of the horizontal engine further comprises an oil guide ring groove annularly arranged on the piston body and located at one end of the piston oil guide groove closest to the combustion chamber, the oil guide ring groove is communicated with the piston oil guide groove, and the depth of the oil guide ring groove is greater than that of the piston oil guide groove.
In a preferred embodiment, the oil guide ring groove is aligned with the oil inlet hole when the piston body is at the bottom dead center position.
In a preferred embodiment, the piston structure of the horizontal engine further includes a plurality of piston oil holes annularly provided in the oil guide ring groove in a radial direction of the piston body.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of piston lubrication oil holes are communicated between the piston inner cooling oil cavity and the outer wall of the piston body.
In a preferred embodiment, the oil inlet is exposed outside the piston body when the piston body is at the top dead center position.
In a preferred embodiment, the piston structure of the horizontal engine further comprises an oil return hole provided on the inner wall of the cylinder block at the lowest point of the horizontal position.
In a preferred embodiment, the oil return hole is exposed outside the piston body when the piston body is at the bottom dead center position.
In a preferred embodiment, the piston structure of the horizontal engine further comprises overflow holes arranged on two sides of the horizontal position of the cooling oil cavity in the piston, and the overflow holes are communicated with a rear inner cavity arranged at the rear part of the piston body.
Compared with the prior art, the piston structure of the horizontal engine has the following beneficial effects: according to the scheme, the form of inputting lubricating oil from top to bottom is adopted, the special piston oil guide groove and the design of the piston inner cooling oil cavity with the large cavity are matched, and when the piston works horizontally, the oil inlet hole conveys the lubricating oil to the piston inner cooling oil cavity through the piston oil guide groove and the flow guide channel. Because the piston leads the oil groove and sets up at horizontal piston structure's top, and the piston leads the oil groove and has certain length, can satisfy the lubricated demand at top. And the lubricating oil in the cold oil cavity in the piston permeates to the outer wall of the piston body through a plurality of piston lubricating oil holes which are annularly arranged and finally flows to the oil return hole to take away redundant heat, so that the defects that the top of the piston and a firepower bank are overheated, and the risk of piston burning, cracks or engine oil coking and carbon deposition is increased are overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a piston structure of a horizontal engine at a bottom dead center according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a piston structure of a horizontal engine according to an embodiment of the present invention at top dead center;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a piston body according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another perspective of a piston body according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side schematic view of a piston body according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view at B-B of fig. 6.
Description of the main reference numerals:
100-piston body, 200-cylinder body, 1-piston inner cooling oil cavity, 2-piston oil guide groove, 3-piston lubricating oil hole, 4-inner wall, 5-oil inlet hole, 6-oil return hole, 7-piston ring, 8-flow guide channel, 9-oil guide ring groove, 10-overflow hole and 11-rear inner cavity.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a piston structure of a horizontal engine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a piston body 100 horizontally disposed in a cylinder block of the horizontal engine, the cylinder block 200 includes an oil inlet hole 5, and the piston body 100 includes a piston internal cooling oil chamber 1, a piston oil guide groove 2, and a flow guide passage 8. The piston inner cooling oil chamber 1 is provided inside the piston body 100 in the axial direction of the piston body 100. The piston oil guide groove 2 is formed on the outer wall of the piston body 100 at the highest point of the horizontal position thereof in the axial direction of the piston body 100. And the flow guide channel 8 is arranged between the piston inner cooling oil cavity 1 and the piston oil guide groove 2. Wherein, when the piston body 100 is located at the bottom dead center position, the piston oil guide groove 2 is communicated with the oil inlet 5.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, in some embodiments, the piston internal cooling oil chamber 1 is a truncated cone-shaped cavity, and the truncated cone-shaped cavity of the piston internal cooling oil chamber 1 is coaxial with the piston body 100.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, in some embodiments, the piston structure of the horizontal engine further includes an oil guide ring groove 9 annularly disposed on the piston body 100 and located at an end of the piston oil guide groove 2 closest to the combustion chamber, the oil guide ring groove 9 is communicated with the piston oil guide groove 2, and a depth of the oil guide ring groove 9 is greater than a depth of the piston oil guide groove 2. When the piston body 100 is located at the bottom dead center position, the oil guide ring groove 9 is aligned with the oil inlet 5.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, in some embodiments, the piston structure of the horizontal engine further includes a plurality of piston lubrication oil holes 3 annularly provided in the oil guide ring groove 9 in a radial direction of the piston body 100. A plurality of piston lubricating oil holes 3 are communicated between the piston inner cooling oil cavity 1 and the outer wall of the piston body 100.
In some embodiments, the oil inlet hole 5 is exposed outside the piston body 100 when the piston body 100 is located at the top dead center position.
In some embodiments, the piston structure of the horizontal engine further comprises an oil return hole 6 provided on the inner wall 4 of the cylinder block 200 that is the lowest point of the horizontal position. When the piston body 100 is located at the bottom dead center position, the oil return hole 6 is exposed outside the piston body 100.
In some embodiments, the piston structure of the horizontal engine further includes overflow holes 10 disposed on both sides of the horizontal position of the cooling oil chamber 1 in the piston, and the overflow holes 10 communicate with a rear cavity 11 disposed at the rear of the piston body 100.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the method for lubricating a piston structure of a horizontal engine according to the present invention comprises:
when the piston body 100 moves from the bottom dead center position to the top dead center position, the oil inlet 5 arranged on the cylinder block 200 is firstly opposite to the oil guide ring groove 9, the lubricating oil at this time is mainly supplemented to the piston body 100 for one circle along the oil guide ring groove 9, and meanwhile, the lubricating oil is supplemented to the piston inner cooling oil cavity 1 from the piston lubricating oil holes 3 which are positioned above the horizontal center line of the piston body 100 in the plurality of piston lubricating oil holes 3 annularly arranged at the bottom of the oil guide ring groove 9. When the piston body 100 continues to move from the bottom dead center position to the top dead center position and crosses the oil guide ring groove 9, the lubricating oil at this time mainly enters the piston oil guide groove 2 to supplement the lubricating oil for the top area of the piston body 100, meanwhile, a part of the lubricating oil enters the piston inner cooling oil cavity 1 through the flow guide channel 8, and a part of the lubricating oil supplements the lubricating oil for one circle of the piston body 100 along the oil guide ring groove 9. And the lubricating oil in the cold oil chamber 1 in the piston is mainly supplemented to the outer wall of the piston body 100 from the piston lubricating oil hole 3 and the oil guide ring groove 9 which are positioned at the part below the horizontal center line of the piston body 100. When the piston body 100 moves to the top dead center position, the oil inlet 5 is not shielded by the piston body 100, the lubricating oil in the oil inlet 5 is directly supplemented into the cylinder bore, and finally flows back to the oil return hole 6. The replenishment of the lubricating oil is similar as piston body 100 returns from the top dead center position to the bottom dead center position. When the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the cold oil cavity 1 in the piston is higher than the horizontal center line of the piston body 100, the lubricating oil supplements the lubricating oil to the outer wall of the piston body 100 from a plurality of piston lubricating oil holes 3 which are positioned below the horizontal center line of the piston body 100, and part of the lubricating oil flows into the cylinder barrel from the overflow hole 10 through the rear inner cavity 11 and finally flows back to the oil return hole 6.
In summary, the piston structure of the horizontal engine of the present invention has the following advantages: according to the scheme, the form of inputting lubricating oil from top to bottom is adopted, the special piston oil guide groove and the design of the piston inner cooling oil cavity with the large cavity are matched, and when the piston works horizontally, the oil inlet hole conveys the lubricating oil to the piston inner cooling oil cavity through the piston oil guide groove and the flow guide channel. Because the piston leads the oil groove and sets up at horizontal piston structure's top, and the piston leads the oil groove and has certain length, can satisfy the lubricated demand at top. And the lubricating oil in the cold oil cavity in the piston permeates to the outer wall of the piston body through a plurality of piston lubricating oil holes which are annularly arranged and finally flows to the oil return hole to take away redundant heat, so that the defects that the top of the piston and a firepower bank are overheated, and the risk of piston burning, cracks or engine oil coking and carbon deposition is increased are overcome.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A piston structure of a horizontal engine, comprising:
a piston body disposed in a horizontal form in a cylinder block of the horizontal engine, the cylinder block including an oil inlet hole thereon, the piston body comprising:
a piston inner cooling oil chamber provided inside the piston body in an axial direction of the piston body;
the piston oil guide groove is arranged on the outer wall of the highest point of the horizontal position of the piston body along the axis direction of the piston body; and
the flow guide channel is arranged between the piston inner cooling oil cavity and the piston oil guide groove;
when the piston body is located at the position of the lower dead point, the piston oil guide groove is communicated with the oil inlet.
2. The piston structure of a horizontal engine according to claim 1, wherein said internal cooling oil chamber of the piston is a frustoconical chamber, said frustoconical chamber of the internal cooling oil chamber of the piston being coaxial with said piston body.
3. The piston structure of a horizontal engine according to claim 1, further comprising an oil guide ring groove formed around said piston body at an end of said oil guide groove closest to said combustion chamber, said oil guide ring groove communicating with said oil guide groove, said oil guide ring groove having a depth greater than a depth of said oil guide groove.
4. The piston structure of a horizontal engine according to claim 3, wherein said oil guide ring groove is aligned with said oil inlet hole when said piston body is at the bottom dead center position.
5. The piston structure of a horizontal engine according to claim 3, further comprising a plurality of piston oil-lubricating holes annularly provided in the oil-guiding ring groove in a radial direction of the piston body.
6. The piston structure of a horizontal engine as claimed in claim 5, wherein said plurality of piston lubricating oil holes are communicated between said piston internal cooling oil chamber and an outer wall of said piston body.
7. The piston structure of a horizontal engine according to claim 1, wherein said oil inlet is exposed outside said piston body when said piston body is at a top dead center position.
8. The piston structure of a horizontal engine according to claim 1, wherein said cylinder block further comprises an oil return hole provided on an inner wall of said cylinder block at the lowest point of the horizontal position.
9. The piston structure of a horizontal engine according to claim 1, wherein the oil return hole is exposed outside the piston body when the piston body is at the bottom dead center position.
10. The piston structure of a horizontal engine according to claim 2, further comprising overflow holes provided on both sides of the horizontal position of the cooling oil chamber in the piston, and the overflow holes communicate with a rear inner chamber provided at the rear portion of the piston body.
CN202011236145.3A 2020-11-09 2020-11-09 Piston structure of horizontal engine Active CN112360642B (en)

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CN112360642B CN112360642B (en) 2025-04-29

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112963260A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-06-15 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Piston structure, engine and vehicle

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103470332A (en) * 2013-09-30 2013-12-25 庄景阳 Lubrication device of leaf valve control steam cylinder
CN104696042A (en) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-10 艾克莫特公司 Precision Lubrication of a Reciprocating Piston Within a Cylinder
CN204716413U (en) * 2015-03-28 2015-10-21 唐为民 A kind of combined piston having lubrication oil circuit
CN213928574U (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-08-10 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Piston structure of horizontal engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103470332A (en) * 2013-09-30 2013-12-25 庄景阳 Lubrication device of leaf valve control steam cylinder
CN104696042A (en) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-10 艾克莫特公司 Precision Lubrication of a Reciprocating Piston Within a Cylinder
CN204716413U (en) * 2015-03-28 2015-10-21 唐为民 A kind of combined piston having lubrication oil circuit
CN213928574U (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-08-10 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Piston structure of horizontal engine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112963260A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-06-15 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Piston structure, engine and vehicle
CN112963260B (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-04-26 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Piston structure, engine and vehicle

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