CN112360445A - Method for correcting drilling stratum conditions of karst area by using video monitoring - Google Patents
Method for correcting drilling stratum conditions of karst area by using video monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN112360445A CN112360445A CN202011171229.3A CN202011171229A CN112360445A CN 112360445 A CN112360445 A CN 112360445A CN 202011171229 A CN202011171229 A CN 202011171229A CN 112360445 A CN112360445 A CN 112360445A
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- drilling
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- core
- karst area
- core sample
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels, core extractors
- E21B25/10—Formed core retaining or severing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/04—Measuring depth or liquid level
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for correcting stratum drilling conditions in a karst area by using video monitoring, wherein a drilling machine base station is provided with a main drilling hole, and a drilling mechanism is formed by sequentially assembling a drilling tool, a drilling rod and a vertical shaft and drills towards the stratum along the main drilling hole; and arranging a monitoring device at the side of the drilling machine, correspondingly recording the characteristics of the core samples extracted in the drilling process and the drilling process, establishing a corresponding relation between the core samples with the characteristics in the images recorded by the monitoring device and the extraction sequence of the core samples, and verifying and correcting the recording sequence of the core samples during field exploration according to the extraction sequence of the core samples recorded by the images. And recording the drilling process through a monitoring device, synchronously recording the core sample characteristics extracted in each drilling process, and establishing a comparison relation between the core sample and the drilling step in the image. The core sample record can be checked and corrected by referring to the image.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of engineering geological exploration, and particularly relates to a method for correcting drilling stratum conditions of a karst region by using video monitoring.
Background
The geological structure is complicated and changeable, and when engineering construction is carried out, the geological structure of a construction site needs to be explored. Especially, when a karst area is explored, due to the complex underground karst distribution, the extracted core sample is irregular, the problems of disordered serial numbers and wrong core sample and data correspondence are easy to occur, the difference between a drilling result and an actual stratum is caused, and the accuracy of geological exploration is greatly influenced. And the core sample is limited by the limitation of the existing coring technology, and once the core sample and the data correspond to each other in error, the core sample is difficult to check and correct. Therefore, a geological exploration method with a correction function is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for correcting the drilling stratum condition of a karst area by using video monitoring, which completely records the drilling process in a monitoring and recording mode and records the characteristics of core samples extracted from each section so as to be convenient for comparison during verification and correction.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for correcting the drilling stratum condition of a karst area by using video monitoring comprises the steps that a drilling machine base is provided with a main drilling hole, and a drilling mechanism is formed by sequentially assembling a drilling tool, a drilling rod and a vertical shaft and drills towards the stratum along the main drilling hole; and arranging a monitoring device at the side of the drilling machine, correspondingly recording the characteristics of the core samples extracted in the drilling process and the drilling process, establishing a corresponding relation between the core samples with the characteristics in the images recorded by the monitoring device and the extraction sequence of the core samples, and verifying and correcting the recording sequence of the core samples during field exploration according to the extraction sequence of the core samples recorded by the images.
Through the scheme, the invention at least obtains the following technical effects:
the monitoring device is arranged on the side of the drilling machine, the shooting range covers the drilling mechanism, and the whole drilling process of the drilling machine is completely shot and recorded. Meanwhile, the core sample extracted in the drilling process is also subjected to characteristic recording through a monitoring device. When the core sample characteristics are shot, a certain fixed area can be selected for shooting and recording detailed grains, and the whole core sample can be shot and recorded. The more core sample characteristics are recorded, the more favorable the comparison work in the subsequent verification and correction.
And establishing a relation between each extracted core sample in the drilling process and the image shot by the monitoring device in the drilling process by recording the characteristics of the core sample. And compiling the core sample in the image according to the drilling step. And during checking, the images shot by the monitoring device are played in sequence, and whether the core samples recorded during field exploration are consistent with the core sample extraction sequence in the images is checked one by one. If the results are consistent, the field exploration result is verified to be correct. If not, the corresponding solid core sample can be found out according to the characteristics of the core sample in the image for rearrangement.
Preferably, the drilling machine further comprises a frame, the frame is fixedly connected with the base station, and the drilling mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the frame and is marked with scales from top to bottom; the method is used for identifying the descending height of the vertical shaft and judging the real-time drilling depth, and can also be used for recording the interval length when the drilling mechanism is abnormal.
Preferably, the drilling machine adopts a single-pipe drilling machine and operates in a mode of matching mud circulation with rotary rotation.
Preferably, the drilling machine further comprises a sampling tube; the sampling tube comprises a tube body and an observation window arranged on the tube wall, and is used for bearing the extracted core sample and observing the characteristics of the core sample from the observation window, so that the core sample is prevented from being cracked and cannot be stored.
Preferably, the main bore diameter is 125-127 mm.
Preferably, the drilling mechanism drills a borehole into the earth formation that is greater than or equal to 108 mm.
Preferably, the drilling hole diameter of the drilling tool in the rock formation is greater than or equal to 91 mm.
Preferably, the monitoring device comprises a tripod with adjustable height and a camera mounted on the tripod.
Preferably, the camera is equipped with a wireless communication module which is in communication connection with the display device through a network.
Preferably, the camera is provided with a built-in memory for storing data for a long time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: and recording the drilling process through a monitoring device, synchronously recording the core sample characteristics extracted in each drilling process, and establishing a comparison relation between the core sample and the drilling step in the image. The core sample record can be checked and corrected by referring to the image. Particularly, the monitoring device can also record the special states of the drilling mechanism in the drilling process, and can prove the stratum conditions according to the special states, so that the core sample extracted in the drilling step can be distinguished, the relation between the core sample and the drilling step is enhanced, and errors are reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling rig and a monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a sampling tube structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Legend:
1, drilling machine; 2, monitoring the device; 3, core sample; 4, sampling the sample cylinder;
11, a base platform; 12 a drilling mechanism; 13 frame
21, a tripod; 22 a camera;
41 a cylinder body; 42 a viewing window;
111 a main bore;
121 drilling tools; 122 a drill pipe; 123 vertical shaft;
131 scales;
221 a wireless communication module; 222 memory.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the method for correcting the drilling stratum condition of the karst area by video monitoring is beneficial to adding a monitoring device 2 on the basis of a drilling machine 1, adding a monitoring recording process on the basis of a drilling method, recording the whole drilling process, and simultaneously recording the characteristics of the core sample 3 taken out in each step of extracting the core sample 3, so that the core sample 3 with the characteristics is in corresponding relation with the drilling steps, and the verification and correction are convenient.
The structure of the drilling machine 1 comprises a base 11 and a drilling mechanism 12 mounted on the base 11;
the drilling mechanism 12 is composed of a drilling tool 121, a drill pipe 122 and a vertical shaft 123; the drilling tool 121 is provided with a diamond bit and a coring pipe, and operates in a mud circulation and rotary advancing manner to push the diamond bit to rotate at a high speed so as to cut a rock surface into a columnar shape and push the columnar shape into the coring pipe. After completion of one drilling step, the shaft 123 acts on the rod 122 to withdraw the drilling device 121, take out the core sample 3 and proceed to the next drilling step.
The base 11 is firmly installed on the ground of a predetermined area for geological exploration, and a main bore 111 is opened in the base 11 to facilitate the drilling mechanism 12 to extend into the ground. Wherein the diameter of the main bore 111 is 125-127mm, the drill hole drilled into the formation is greater than or equal to 108mm, and the drill hole diameter of the drilling device 121 in the formation is greater than or equal to 91 mm. The larger drilling hole diameter in the rock stratum can ensure that the surface area of the core sample 3 cut and extracted by the drilling tool 121 is larger, more characteristics are provided for convenient distinguishing, and meanwhile, the problems that the rock stratum structure forming the core sample 3 is not high in strength, cracked and developed, has a corrosion area and the like, and is crushed by a diamond drill bit to influence stratum judgment can be avoided. The size of the drilling hole for drilling into the stratum and the size of the main drilling hole 111 are adaptive sizes selected according to the type of the drilling machine 1 or the type of the drilling tool 121.
The monitoring device 2 is a combined structure of a camera 22 and a tripod 21; the tripod 21 is adjustable in height, and the mounting position can be changed to adjust the shooting height and the shooting range of the camera 22. The drilling process can be recorded, and the core sample 3 characteristics extracted in the drilling step can be correspondingly recorded, so that the verification and correction effects can be realized.
In order to facilitate the technology to be connected with the information era, the camera 22 is provided with the wireless communication module 221, so that the influence data acquired by the monitoring device 2 can be transmitted to display equipment held by off-site professionals in time through the wireless communication technology, so that multiple parties can participate in analysis together, and the quality of geological exploration work is improved. The memory 222 is also provided to store the recorded image information for a long time, so as to avoid data loss or covering due to occupying the memory space of the camera 22.
The drilling machine 1 further comprises a frame 13, which frame 13 is mounted on the base 11 for supporting the drilling mechanism 12 and keeping the position of the drilling mechanism 12 stable. A scale 131 is shown on the frame 13, the scale 131 is divided into a main scale 131 and an auxiliary scale 131, the distance between the lines of the main scale 131 is 100cm, and the distance between the lines of the auxiliary scale 131 is 50 cm. The scale 131 is used in conjunction with the monitoring device 2. The imaging range of the monitoring device 2 is recorded in the image together with the scale 131. The scale 131 may determine the total length of the drill 121, drill pipe 122, and vertical shaft 123 during the previous pull-out of the drilling mechanism 12 to determine the current drilling start depth. The real-time drilling hole depth can also be judged according to the descending height of the vertical shaft 123 during the drilling of the next time. When special conditions such as drill falling and jumping occur in the drilling mechanism 12, the interval length of the special section can be directly read.
When the drilling tool 121 drills to a karst and fracture development section, the specific position of the actual karst development position can be judged by comparing the extracted core sample 3 according to the phenomena of the drilling mechanism 12 such as the drilling rod 122 footage speed, whether the drilling mechanism falls off the drill, whether the drilling mechanism jumps, whether the grout returns and the grout returning color, and the like, and the size and the filling condition of the karst cavity are analyzed.
The specific phenomena and the analysis principle thereof are as follows:
if the footage of the drill pipe 122 is suddenly increased, a karst cave or a weak interlayer may be encountered, and the drilling interface is changed from hard to soft, so that the footage is suddenly increased;
if the drill pipe 122 suddenly drops, a non-filled or small-filled karst cave may be encountered, and the drill pipe 122 suddenly drops under the action of gravity;
if the drill rod 122 jumps, the drill bit may jump due to uneven stress caused by uneven rock surface when encountering a corrosion development area;
if the mud is not circulated in the drilling process and does not return outwards, the situation that the following cracks are relatively developed or rock strata are broken, so that the mud flows outwards is indicated;
if the color of the returned slurry is not consistent with that of the original slurry, the lower part of the slurry is indicated to have clay filled karst caves or weak interlayers.
It should be noted that, the position and the corresponding length of the abnormality are determined according to the above phenomena and the scale 131 on the rack 13, and the cause of the abnormality can be analyzed to define the stratum condition matched with the abnormality.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to prevent the drilling tool 121 from entering a special area such as a karst and a fracture development section during drilling, a fragile core sample 3 is collected and broken when being extracted from a core extraction tube. The method is provided with a sampling cylinder 4, and the core sample 3 slides into the sampling cylinder 4 by utilizing the communication between the sampling cylinder 4 and a core taking pipe. Even if the core sample 3 is in a broken state, the original hierarchical relationship is ensured to be unchanged. The error caused by the crushing of the core sample 3 is reduced. The core appearance 3 of putting into the sampling tube 4 can be taken along with sampling tube 4, put, save and shoot the record in the lump, carry out the characteristic to core appearance 3 for being convenient for and shoot, sampling tube 4 wholly adopts transparent material to constitute, or sampling tube 4 sets up observation window 42, and observation window 42 is sealed with transparent material, all can realize keeping under the prerequisite of 3 forms of core appearance, removes and the effect of shooing.
Various technical features in the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined as long as there is no conflict or contradiction in the combination between the features, but is limited to the space and is not described one by one.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims and the equivalent technology of the present invention if they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for correcting stratum drilling conditions in a karst area by using video monitoring is characterized in that a drilling machine base station is provided with a main drilling hole, and a drilling mechanism formed by sequentially assembling a drilling tool, a drilling rod and a vertical shaft drills towards the stratum along the main drilling hole; and arranging a monitoring device at the side of the drilling machine, correspondingly recording the characteristics of the core samples extracted in the drilling process and the drilling process, establishing a corresponding relation between the core samples with the characteristics in the images recorded by the monitoring device and the extraction sequence of the core samples, and verifying and correcting the recording sequence of the core samples during field exploration according to the extraction sequence of the core samples recorded by the images.
2. The method for correcting the condition of the stratum drilled in the karst area by using video monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drilling machine further comprises a machine frame, the machine frame is fixedly connected with the base station, and the drilling mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the machine frame and is marked with scales from top to bottom; the method is used for identifying the descending height of the vertical shaft and judging the real-time drilling depth, and can also be used for recording the interval length when the drilling mechanism is abnormal.
3. The method for modifying drilling conditions in a karst area using video surveillance as recited in claim 1, wherein the drilling rig is operated as a single pipe drilling rig in a mud circulation coupled with a swivel.
4. The method for modifying drilling conditions in a karst area using video surveillance as recited in claim 1, wherein the drilling rig further comprises a sampling tube; the sampling tube comprises a tube body and an observation window arranged on the tube wall, and is used for bearing the extracted core sample and observing the characteristics of the core sample from the observation window, so that the core sample is prevented from being cracked and cannot be stored.
5. The method for modifying the condition of a karst drilled formation using video surveillance as recited in claim 1 wherein the main bore diameter is 125 and 127 mm.
6. The method for modifying drilling conditions in a karst area into a formation using video surveillance as recited in claim 1, wherein the drilling mechanism drills a borehole into the formation that is greater than or equal to 108 mm.
7. The method for modifying drilling conditions in a karst region into a formation using video surveillance as recited in claim 1, wherein the drilling hole diameter of the drilling tool in the formation is greater than or equal to 91 mm.
8. The method for modifying drilling conditions in a karst area utilizing video surveillance as recited in claim 1, wherein the monitoring device comprises a tripod adjustable in height and a camera mounted on the tripod.
9. The method for modifying drilling conditions in a karst area using video surveillance as recited in claim 8, wherein the camera is equipped with a wireless communication module communicatively coupled to a display device via a network.
10. The method for correcting conditions of a karst area drilling stratum using video surveillance as recited in claim 9, wherein the camera has a memory built therein for storing data for a long period of time.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114200542A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-18 | 中铁五局集团有限公司 | Karst detection device and detection method for tunnel construction |
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| 侯宁等: "影像编录技术在缅甸DAPEIN（Ⅰ）水电站项目中的应用", 《江西水利科技》 * |
| 刑少春等: "S_J—2型地质摄影编录仪的井下应用", 《徐煤科技》 * |
| 刘海等: "地质工程勘查管理信息化关键技术研究", 《中国金属通报》 * |
| 吴燕清等: "DTX-1型巷道地质图像编录系统", 《煤炭工程师》 * |
| 孙焕英等: "勘探工程数字地质编录系统的研究与实现", 《中国优秀博士学位论文全文数据库基础科学辑》 * |
| 宋妍等: "三维激光扫描技术与数码影像地质编录系统隧道围岩信息采集应用对比研究", 《隧道建设》 * |
| 左悦等: "地质勘查钻孔岩芯信息多媒体数据库管理系统", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库基础科学辑》 * |
| 张盖等: "视频智能分析在工程勘察外业中的应用研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅱ辑》 * |
| 熊忠幼等: "边坡摄像快速地质编录", 《水力发电》 * |
| 陈奕等: "大岗山水电站对岩芯的归档与管理", 《四川水力发电》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114200542A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-18 | 中铁五局集团有限公司 | Karst detection device and detection method for tunnel construction |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112360445B (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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