CN105804721A - Karst cave probing system and using method thereof - Google Patents
Karst cave probing system and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105804721A CN105804721A CN201610262465.3A CN201610262465A CN105804721A CN 105804721 A CN105804721 A CN 105804721A CN 201610262465 A CN201610262465 A CN 201610262465A CN 105804721 A CN105804721 A CN 105804721A
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- detector
- solution cavity
- computer
- probing
- infrared ray
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering probing, in particular to a karst cave probing system and a using method thereof. The karst cave probing system comprises a probe and a computer. The probe comprises a probing rod and a probing head connected with the bottom of the probing rod. The probing head comprises a horizontal rotating unit and a vertical rotating unit arranged coaxially with the horizontal rotating unit and can probe a probed karst cave in an all-dimensional mode. A rotating rod in which a rotating shaft is arranged for fixing is arranged at the lower end of the vertical rotating unit. The rotating rod is provided with a probing integration device used for probing the drill surrounding rock condition, the karst cave geometrical shape, the surrounding rock condition and the filling condition. An information collecting device used for collecting information probed by the probing integration device is arranged in the probing rod. By means of the computer, the rotating angle of the probing head can be controlled in a refined mode, the probing modes can be switched flexibly, the probing precision is high, and economy and safety stability of karst cave area engineering construction can be improved easily.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering Detection Techniques field, particularly relate to a kind of CAVE DETECTION system and using method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of Precise control CAVE DETECTION system and using method thereof that boring country rock situation, solution cavity geometry, country rock situation and filling situation can be carried out omnidirectional detection.
Background technology
Current China economy comes into a fast-developing period, new requirement is proposed for Geotechnical Engineering basic work, solution cavity is as one of main geologic problem involved by the engineering construction of karst region, greatly have impact on the economy of karst region engineering construction and security and stability, now, solution cavity carries out comprehensively full and accurate geologic prospect, detection becomes very urgent and important.
Three-dimensional laser scanning technique application in the engineerings such as tunnel, side slope, underground power house is increasingly extensive, also CAVE DETECTION field it is applied to gradually, boring insertion type three-dimensional space laser scanning range finding imaging system as described in patent of invention CN104457612A, this system is by using connection extension rod that device stretches into region to be measured, and by computer, the three dimensions geological information in this region is measured；The apparatus and method of a kind of borehole camera detection cavity geometric profile described in patent of invention CN104359422A, it is provided that a kind of adopt optical detection the method calculating cavity geometric shape；A kind of mine down-hole bore detecting instrument described in patent of invention CN204041056U, down-hole drilling can be detected by this survey meter, but can only distinguish lithology and the lift height of down-hole solution cavity.
The above detects the functional single of device, can only obtain the geological information of solution cavity or distinguish lithology and the lift height of solution cavity；Simultaneously, detection angle because detecting device is limited, disposable solution cavity cannot be carried out omnidirectional detection, and the important informations such as the top plate thickness relevant to cave stability, solution cavity country rock situation, filling situation cannot be detected and acquisition in the lump, thus greatly have impact on economy and the safety of karst region engineering construction, be unfavorable for promoting the further development of Geotechnical Engineering.
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that to solve the detection angle of existing CAVE DETECTION device limited and cannot detect Upper Plate of Karst Cave thickness, country rock situation and filling situation, in turn results in the problem being unfavorable for karst region engineering construction economy with security and stability.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of CAVE DETECTION system, this CAVE DETECTION system includes detector and the computer being connected with described detector, described detector include feeler lever and with the probe being connected bottom described feeler lever, described probe includes horizontally rotating unit and horizontally rotating, with described, the vertical rotary unit that unit is coaxially disposed, and the lower end of described vertical rotary unit is provided with the swingle that built-in rotating shaft is fixing；Described swingle is provided with the detection integrating device for detecting boring country rock situation, solution cavity geometry, country rock situation and filling situation；Being provided with information collecting device in described feeler lever, described information collecting device is for gathering the information that described detection integrating device detects, and is transmitted to described computer by cable.
Wherein, described detection integrating device includes infrared ray borehole camera instrument, three-dimensional laser scanner and sonic detector, and described three-dimensional laser scanner includes Laser emission camera lens and laser pick-off camera lens, and described sonic detector includes pinger and acoustic receiver；Described infrared ray borehole camera instrument and described pinger are respectively arranged on the end face at described swingle two ends, one end of described swingle is located at by described Laser emission camera lens and described laser pick-off camera lens corresponding to described infrared ray borehole camera instrument, and described acoustic receiver is located at the other end of described swingle corresponding to described pinger.
Wherein, described information collecting device includes data energy integration module, signal conversion module, three-dimensional laser scanner signal acquisition module, sonic transmissions signal acquisition module and infrared ray borehole camera instrument signal acquisition module；Described three-dimensional laser scanner signal acquisition module, sonic transmissions signal acquisition module and infrared ray borehole camera instrument signal acquisition module are respectively used to gather the detection information of three-dimensional laser scanner, sonic detector and infrared ray borehole camera instrument, and transmit to the conversion of described signal conversion module, the information after conversion is uploaded to described computer by described data energy integration module.
Wherein, described information collecting device also includes the compass locating module being connected with signal conversion module, the spatial information of each attitude when described compass locating module is for recording the change in location in described detector decline process and being detected.
Wherein, described in horizontally rotate unit and include the first motor and horizontal gear rotary apparatus, engaged by horizontal gear rotary apparatus described in described first driven by motor to drive described probe to horizontally rotate.
Wherein, described vertical rotary unit also includes the second motor and the vertical gear rotary apparatus being connected with described swingle, is engaged by vertical gear rotary apparatus described in described second driven by motor to drive described swingle vertically to rotate.
Wherein, the top of described probe is provided with plug and the second external connection screw, the bottom of described feeler lever corresponding to described plug and the second external connection screw be respectively equipped with connector receptacle and in connect threading snaps.
Wherein, this CAVE DETECTION system also includes at least one drilling rod being connected with described feeler lever top.
Wherein, this CAVE DETECTION system also includes drill rod elevator and the drill control platform being connected with described drill rod elevator, and described drill rod elevator is connected with described drilling rod.
Present invention also offers the using method of a kind of CAVE DETECTION system, specifically include following operating procedure:
S1, drill rod elevator is enclosed within detector upper end first draw-in groove of horizontal positioned, and by drill control platform courses hoist engine, detector is promoted, the infrared ray borehole camera instrument making probe is positioned at drilling orifice, cable is adopted to be connected with computer by detector, and switch to infrared ray borehole camera pattern, detector is slowly transferred along bore path until the second draw-in groove flushes with orifice position, surrounding rock in drilling hole situation is shot by decentralization process simultaneously, and passes data back computer and store；
S2, employing draw-in groove spanner by the second draw-in groove fixed detector and are located at the orifice position in step S1, the cable connecting detector is extracted and is made it pass in the middle of first hollow drill from computer, again the joint of cable is connected with computer, by drill control platform courses hoist engine, first drilling rod is lifted to above detector upper end, and detector is connected by screw thread and first drilling rod；
S3, detector and first drilling rod are slowly transferred until the second draw-in groove of first drilling rod is arranged in the orifice position of step S1 and adopts draw-in groove spanner to fix along bore path, in detector decline process, infrared ray borehole camera instrument is in running order all the time, and pass the picture of shooting back computer and store, it is then ready for connecting second drilling rod and first drilling rod；
S4, repetition step S2 and S3, until the probe of detector is just transferred to Upper Plate of Karst Cave, open sonic detector work pattern Karst roof near boring is detected, comprehensively determine Karst roof thickness and solution cavity country rock velocity of wave in conjunction with Karst roof infrared ray borehole camera instrument test result；
S5, detector is continued the appointment position transferred to solution cavity, and cable is connected with computer；
S6, for empty solution cavity, the Laser emission camera lens of position and the work pattern of laser pick-off camera lens is specified by the selected difference of computer operation, and by horizontally rotate unit and vertical rotary unit carry out respectively horizontal 360-degree with vertical 180 degree rotate with complete to the omnidirectional detection of surveys sky solution cavity external morphology work, thus drawing and being surveyed the empty three-dimensional geometric shape of solution cavity, simultaneously, by the selected sonic detector work pattern of computer operation, the mode that pinger combines with acoustic receiver is adopted to obtain sky solution cavity country rock situation；
Or for half filling solution cavity, first adopt the method for empty solution cavity to determine the geometric shape of the non-pack portion of solution cavity；Then, by the selected sonic detector work pattern of computer operation, adopt the mode that pinger combines with acoustic receiver to obtain geometric shape and the closely knit situation of filling and the solution cavity country rock situation of pack portion solution cavity；
Or for filling solution cavity, by the selected sonic detector work pattern of computer operation, adopt the mode that pinger combines with acoustic receiver to obtain geometric shape and the closely knit situation of filling and the solution cavity country rock situation of filling solution cavity.
(3) beneficial effect
The technique scheme of the present invention has the advantage that and the invention provides a kind of CAVE DETECTION system and using method thereof, this CAVE DETECTION system includes detector and the computer being connected with detector, detector include feeler lever and with the probe being connected bottom feeler lever, probe include horizontally rotating unit and with horizontally rotate the vertical rotary unit that unit is coaxially disposed, can needing surveyed solution cavity is carried out respectively the omnidirectional detection of horizontal 360-degree and vertical 180 degree according to detection, the lower end of vertical rotary unit is provided with the swingle that built-in rotating shaft is fixing；Swingle is provided with the detection integrating device for detecting boring country rock situation, solution cavity geometry, country rock situation and filling situation；The information collecting device for gathering the information that detection integrating device detects it is provided with inside feeler lever, and by cable transmission to computer.Carry out Precise control by computer to visiting head-turned angle, and detection mode can be switched flexibly, be detected device laying by the drilling rod of rig and can ensure that in test process, equipment is stable, data are reliable；This system detection accuracy is high, is conducive to improving economy and the security and stability of karst region engineering construction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be in a kind of CAVE DETECTION system of the embodiment of the present invention on detector functional module distribution and with the connection diagram of computer, power supply；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of detector particular make-up part in a kind of CAVE DETECTION system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of probe in a kind of CAVE DETECTION system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the diagram of gears of horizontal rotary gear system in a kind of CAVE DETECTION system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the gear drive front view of vertical swing pinion system in a kind of CAVE DETECTION system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the gear drive side view of vertical swing pinion system in a kind of CAVE DETECTION system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the solution cavity schematic diagram before not holing；
Fig. 8 is the solution cavity schematic diagram after boring；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation that in a kind of CAVE DETECTION system of the embodiment of the present invention, drill rod elevator is connected with detector；
Figure 10 is the structural representation that in a kind of CAVE DETECTION system of the embodiment of the present invention, detector is connected with drilling rod；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram a kind of for embodiment of the present invention CAVE DETECTION system being detected.
In figure: 1: external connection screw；2: the first draw-in grooves；3: the second draw-in grooves；4: plug；5: the second external connection screws；6: horizontally rotate unit；7: pinger；8: acoustic receiver；9: laser pick-off camera lens；10: Laser emission camera lens；11: infrared ray borehole camera instrument；12: cable；13: data energy integration module；14: signal conversion module；15: compass locating module；16: three-dimensional laser scanner signal acquisition module；17: sonic transmissions signal acquisition module；18: infrared ray borehole camera instrument signal acquisition module；19: data produce and acquisition system；20: horizontal rotary gear device；21: vertically swing pinion device；22: rotary apparatus；23: sender unit；24: signal receiving device；25: swingle；26: computer；27: power supply；28: drill control platform；29: drill rod elevator；30: detector；31: drilling rod；32: draw-in groove spanner.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, all other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the premise not making creative work, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, embodiments provide a kind of CAVE DETECTION system, it includes detector 30 and the computer 26 being connected with detector 30, detector 30 include feeler lever and with the probe being connected bottom feeler lever, probe include horizontally rotating unit 6 and with horizontally rotate the vertical rotary unit that unit 6 is coaxially disposed, can needing surveyed solution cavity is carried out the omnidirectional detection of horizontal 360-degree and vertical 180 degree of directions according to detection, the lower end of vertical rotary unit is provided with the swingle 25 that built-in rotating shaft is fixing；Swingle 25 is provided with the detection integrating device for detecting boring country rock situation, solution cavity geometry, country rock situation and filling situation；Being provided with information collecting device inside feeler lever, information collecting device is for gathering the information that detection integrating device detects, and is transmitted to computer 26 by cable 12；Specifically, detector 30 is laid by the drilling rod 31 of rig.Carry out Precise control by computer 26 to visiting head-turned angle, and detection mode can be switched flexibly, be detected device laying by the drilling rod 31 of rig and can ensure that in test process, equipment is stable, data are reliable；This system detection accuracy is high, is conducive to improving economy and the security and stability of karst region engineering construction.Wherein, detection mode has Laser emission camera lens 10 and laser pick-off camera lens 9 work pattern and sonic detector work pattern；Specifically, during detector 30 declines, infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11 can be constantly in duty.
What deserves to be explained is, cable 12 plays the function connecting detector 30, computer 26 and power supply 27；The data that detector 30 detection obtains are uploaded to computer 26 by cable 12 simultaneously.Computer 26 is mounted with and detects integrating device and the corresponding analysis software of information collecting device in detector 30, and can pass through computer 26 and remotely control detector 30 and be detected operation.
Specifically, detection integrating device includes infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11, three-dimensional laser scanner and sonic detector, and three-dimensional laser scanner includes Laser emission camera lens 10 and laser pick-off camera lens 9, and sonic detector includes pinger 7 and acoustic receiver 8；Infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11 and pinger 7 are respectively arranged on the end face at swingle 25 two ends, Laser emission camera lens 10 and laser pick-off camera lens 9 are located at one end of swingle 25 corresponding to infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11, wherein, Laser emission camera lens 10 is provided close to the side of infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11, during detection Laser emission camera lens 10 apart from solution cavity closer to, be favorably improved the degree of accuracy of detection data；Acoustic receiver 8 is located at the other end of swingle 25 corresponding to pinger 7.
Specifically, information collecting device includes data energy integration module 13, signal conversion module 14, three-dimensional laser scanner signal acquisition module 16, sonic transmissions signal acquisition module 17 and infrared ray borehole camera instrument signal acquisition module 18；Three-dimensional laser scanner signal acquisition module 16, sonic transmissions signal acquisition module 17 and infrared ray borehole camera instrument signal acquisition module 18 are respectively used to gather the detection information of three-dimensional laser scanner, sonic detector and infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11, and transmit to signal conversion module 14 and change, the information after conversion is uploaded to computer 26 by data energy integration module 13.
Further, information collecting device also includes the compass locating module 15 being connected with signal conversion module 14, the spatial information of each attitude when compass locating module 15 is for recording the change in location in detector 30 decline process and being detected, and after its spatial information is changed by signal conversion module 14, and then pass to computer 26 in real time to be further analyzed and control by data energy integration module 13, improve control accuracy.
What deserves to be explained is, in the present embodiment, sender unit 23 includes pinger 7, Laser emission camera lens 10 and infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11；Signal receiving device 24 includes acoustic receiver 8 and laser pick-off camera lens 9；Data produce to include three-dimensional laser scanner signal acquisition module 16, sonic transmissions signal acquisition module 17 and infrared ray borehole camera instrument signal acquisition module 18 with acquisition system 19.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, detector 30 to be shaped as long cylinder cylindrical, be divided into two parts: feeler lever and probe.Feeler lever part includes three parts: upper end, intermediate bar and bottom, and the termination of upper end is provided with external connection screw 1, it with connect screw thread in drilling rod 31 and match and be connected, or realize the connection with drilling rod 31 by conversion head；For ease of the connection of detector 30 with drilling rod 31, upper end is additionally provided with the first draw-in groove 2 and the second draw-in groove 3.It is provided with information collecting device in intermediate bar, primarily serves the function such as probe signal collection and transmission, computer instruction enforcement and energy resource supply.Bottom is connected with probe, and the top of probe is provided with plug 4 and the second external connection screw 5, the bottom of feeler lever correspond to plug 4 and the second external connection screw 5 be respectively equipped with connector receptacle and in connect threading snaps；By plug 4 being inserted in connector receptacle and rotating screw thread to realize the connection of bottom and probe.
In the present embodiment, rotary apparatus 22 includes horizontal gear rotary apparatus 20 and vertical gear rotary apparatus 21.
In the present embodiment, horizontally rotate unit 6 and include the first motor and horizontal gear rotary apparatus 20, engage to drive probe to horizontally rotate by the first driven by motor horizontal gear rotary apparatus 20.
Specifically, horizontal gear rotary apparatus 20 adopts Planetary Gear Transmission theory to be designed.Planetary Gear Transmission has that volume is little, quality is little, the feature of compact conformation, and because its power shaft and output shaft have alignment, therefore, its transmission efficiency is high and stable movement, shock resistance and vibration ability are strong, can carry out power dividing when transmitting power.In order to improve the detection accuracy of detector 30, the body design gear ratio of horizontal gear rotary apparatus 20 is 360, adopts two 3Z (I) type Planetary Gear Transmissions, and gear maximum outside diameter is 72mm, and its main shaft overlaps with the central shaft of detector 30.
Engine device a passes through motor output power, its output shaft overlaps with planetary gear main shaft, and be connected with the centre wheel b being disposed below, the number of teeth of centre wheel b is 18, its transmission power carries out power dividing by three planetary gear c, drives the planet carrier e transmitting power of the central axial lower section of planetary gear c, and three planetary gear c sizes are identical, the number of teeth is 27, and is uniformly distributed in around centre wheel.
Three planetary gear c roll around Central inner gear d, and internal gear d be not driving wheel, and itself and detector are fixed together, and its number of teeth is 72.Planet carrier e drives three the planetary gear f being attached thereto in lower section to rotate (number of teeth of planetary gear f is 15).G is an internal gear combinative structure, the internal gear number of teeth of the first half is 60, its objective is the power that three planetary gears are transmitted by a central shaft be transferred to lower section centre wheel h (number of teeth of centre wheel h is 15, identical with planetary gear f), the power of centre wheel h transmission is also by three planetary gear i transmission being evenly distributed.The power transmission means of k, n, m is identical with e, g, f, and its corresponding gear set specifications is with reference to table 1.
The parameter value of table 1 gear rotary system
Can realize from engine device a to the power transmission of internal gear combinative structure n by above-mentioned power transmission, internal gear combinative structure n then finally drives the lower part of whole detector to carry out the rotation of horizontal direction, by such mode, finally realize computer 26 and control engine device rotation, and then control detector 30 carries out the rotation of 360 degree of horizontal directions, its exploded view in kind is shown in Fig. 4.
In the present embodiment, vertical rotary unit also includes the second motor and the vertical gear rotary apparatus 21 being connected with the built-in rotating shaft of swingle 25, engages to drive swingle 25 vertically to rotate by the second vertical gear rotary apparatus 21 of driven by motor.
Specifically, the dynamical system that vertical gear rotary apparatus 21 adopts is identical with horizontal gear rotary apparatus 20, it has independent engine device a ', by the power transmission means identical with above-mentioned horizontal gear rotary system, power is delivered to internal gear combinative structure n ', internal gear combinative structure n ' is connected with bevel gear o by central shaft below, bevel gear o is connected with the bevel gear p of formed objects in vertical plane that (reference cone angle of bevel gear o and p is 45 °, the number of teeth is 36), but thus realizing being transferred to vertical transmission from horizontal conveyor do not change the purpose of gear ratio, the outside of p bevel gear is connected to a sprocket wheel q being coaxial therewith, sprocket wheel q is connected by sprocket wheel s identical with another size in the built-in rotating shaft of vertical swingle for chain r.Can be realized the function of vertical gear rotary apparatus 21 by the above kind of drive, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is shown in by its schematic diagram.
Further, this CAVE DETECTION system also includes at least one drilling rod 31 being connected with feeler lever top.Wherein, the particular number of drilling rod 31 should determine according to the degree of depth of surveyed solution cavity.
Further, this CAVE DETECTION system also includes drill rod elevator 29 and the drill control platform 28 being connected with drill rod elevator 29, and drill rod elevator 29 is connected with drilling rod 31.Specifically, control hoist engine by the drill control platform 28 on rig and detector 30 is promoted or transfers, and connect detector 30 and computer 26 by cable 12.
Present invention also offers the using method of a kind of CAVE DETECTION system, including following operating procedure:
S1, drill rod elevator 29 is enclosed within detector 30 upper end first draw-in groove 2 of horizontal positioned, and control hoist engine by drill control platform 28 detector 30 is promoted, the infrared ray borehole camera end 11 making probe is positioned at drilling orifice, cable 12 is adopted to be connected with computer 26 by detector 30, and switch to infrared ray borehole camera pattern, detector 30 is slowly transferred until the second draw-in groove 3 flushes with orifice position along bore path, surrounding rock in drilling hole situation is shot by decentralization process simultaneously, and data are passed back computer 26 stores；Detector 30 is directly installed on drill rod elevator 29 or drilling rod 31 front end by this CAVE DETECTION system in test process, detector 30 is transferred and is detected to solution cavity by the installation procedure utilizing drilling rod 31, take full advantage of field working conditions, deeper of solution cavity can be detected, also allow for stable detector simultaneously, thus improving the accuracy of test data, and detector 30 can be placed into appointment position and be detected by the motility installed according to drilling rod 31 and promote or transfer；
S2, employing draw-in groove spanner 32 by the second draw-in groove 3 fixed detector 30 and are located at the orifice position in step S1, extract and make it to pass in the middle of first hollow drill from computer 26 cable 12 connecting detector 30, again the joint of cable 12 is connected with computer 26, control hoist engine by drill control platform 28 to be lifted to above detector 30 upper end by first drilling rod, and detector 30 is connected with first drilling rod by external connection screw 1；
S3, detector 30 and first drilling rod are slowly transferred until orifice position in the second draw-in groove 3 to step S1 of first drilling rod adopt draw-in groove spanner 32 to fix along bore path, in detector 30 decline process, infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11 can be in running order all the time, and pass the picture of shooting back computer 26 and store, it is then ready for connecting second drilling rod and first drilling rod；
S4, repetition step S2 and S3, until the probe of detector 30 is transferred to Upper Plate of Karst Cave, probe is made vertically to rotate+16 degree and-16 degree respectively, open sonic detector work pattern Karst roof near boring is detected, comprehensively determine Karst roof thickness and solution cavity country rock velocity of wave in conjunction with Karst roof infrared ray borehole camera instrument test result；
S5, detector 30 is continued the appointment position transferred to solution cavity, wherein, solution cavity height specify position can 1/3,2/3 place that respectively surveyed hole is high or 1/4,1/2,3/4 place, and cable 12 is connected with computer 26；
S6, for empty solution cavity, Laser emission camera lens 10 and laser pick-off camera lens 10 work pattern of position is specified by the selected difference of computer 26 operation, and by horizontally rotate unit 7 and vertically rotary unit carry out horizontal 360-degree and vertical 180 degree rotations and work completing the omnidirectional detection to solution cavity external morphology, thus drawing the three-dimensional geometric shape of surveyed solution cavity, simultaneously, by the selected sonic detector work pattern of computer operation, the mode that pinger combines with acoustic receiver is adopted to obtain solution cavity country rock situation；
Or for half filling solution cavity, first adopt empty CAVE DETECTION method to determine the geometric shape of the non-pack portion of solution cavity；Then, by the selected sonic detector work pattern of computer 26 operation, adopt the mode that pinger 7 combines with acoustic receiver 8 to obtain geometric shape and the closely knit situation of filling and the solution cavity country rock situation of pack portion solution cavity；
Or for filling solution cavity, by the selected sonic detector work pattern of computer 26 operation, adopt the mode that pinger 7 combines with acoustic receiver 8 to obtain geometric shape and the closely knit situation of filling and the solution cavity country rock situation of surveyed filling solution cavity.
Adopt detection information to carry out solution cavity situation parsing, first, in detector 30 decentralization process, be analyzed drawing Upper Plate of Karst Cave thickness by the data that infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11 is collected；Secondly, launch sound wave by pinger 7 and Upper Plate of Karst Cave near boring is detected, utilize the known top plate thickness can in the hope of the velocity of wave size of neighbouring rock stratum of holing；Then, the internal region to be measured of hole wall and solution cavity is detected, utilizes sound wave hole wall thickness can be carried out inverse in the different principles of reflection at interface and the velocity of wave of roof strata, finally draw country rock situation and the solution-cavity filling situation of solution cavity.
Wherein, before step S1, should according to the engineering background of solution cavity to be measured, geological environment and areal geology data, adopt suitable detection method (such as landsonar method, seismic wave method etc.) that region to be measured carries out physical prospecting, determine the general orientation of solution cavity, require according to engineering construction to determine the solution cavity needing detection in detail, and adopt rig to hole above solution cavity, inside straight-through solution cavity at the bottom of hole.
For stating the mounting means of CAVE DETECTION system in the application better, illustrated for certain Cambrian limestone tunnel.Wherein, the geologic prospect data on Cambrian limestone stratum includes: it is made up of carbonate rock, clastic rock and epimetamorphic rock, karsts developing area, large-scale solution cavity district is often had to occur, in solution cavity district, solution cavity is crisscross, and has underground river to grow, and implant is mainly loess mud layer and clay mud layer；Karst form mainly has molten mound, karst valley, fluid bowl, lapies, clint, is secondly a small amount of karst depression, Karst funnel, sinkhole etc.；Underground karst has solution cavity, corrosion fissure, karst, underground river etc..
Through the analysis of engineering geological data is reconnoitred with scene is actual, adopting landsonar method to carry out earth's surface exploration in tunnel direction of advance, on the left of tunnel direction of advance, the position of about 10m finds a large-scale solution cavity, and solution cavity distance from top earth's surface is about 30m.In order to detect the details within solution cavity, the stability of assessment solution cavity and safety and the impact on engineering, reduce construction risk, hidden hole drilling is adopted to get out the hole that a diameter is about 120mm directly over solution cavity, inside straight-through solution cavity at the bottom of hole, use drilling rod to connect detector, detector is transferred to solution cavity, thus the situation in solution cavity is detected, specifically as shown in Fig. 7 to Figure 11.Specific operation process is as follows:
(1) detector 30 is transferred: control hoist engine by drill control platform 28, lowering drill pipes elevator 29 is (wherein, drill rod elevator 29 is metal structure, top and the bottom can rotate mutually, it utilizes bearing to play the effect of rotary drill rod, and prevent hawser from rupturing, it is a kind of parts matched with draw-in groove and can pass through that adjustment position is quickly locked with the first draw-in groove 2), it is sleeved on the first draw-in groove 2 of detector 30, the cable 12 of detector 30 end can extract from the orifice position that drill rod elevator 29 is reserved, do not affect the connection of drill rod elevator 29 and the first draw-in groove 2；Start hoist engine to be drawn high vertically upward by detector 30 by top pulley, until the device body of detector 30 is all unsettled；Detector 30 and computer system 26 is connected by cable 12, and switch to infrared ray borehole camera pattern, adjust detector 30 position, when it is in same vertical direction with boring, control hoist engine to be transferred by detector 30 to the second draw-in groove 3 position concordant with orifice position, surrounding rock in drilling hole situation is shot by decentralization process simultaneously, and data are passed back computer 26 stores.Period, detector 30 of being careful in instrumentation process, it is prevented that it is pulled or swipes with hole wall and cause damaging.
(2) detector is fixed on orifice position: being enclosed within by draw-in groove spanner 32 on second draw-in groove 3 of detector, the both ends horizontal of draw-in groove spanner 32 is positioned on ground, thus detector 30 is fixed on aperture location, and unloads drill rod elevator 29.
(3) first drilling rod of cable traverse: first drilling rod adopts long for 2m, diameter is the geologic drilling rod of 89mm, its upper part has two draw-in grooves successively, consistent with detector 30, and there is an external connection screw upper end, there is in one to connect a screw thread bottom, and in connect screw thread and external connection screw matches；Cable 12 is extracted from computer 26 and by its vacancy traverse from first drilling rod, and the drill rod elevator 29 unloaded is enclosed within the second draw-in groove 3 above first drilling rod, start hoist engine and draw high first drilling rod so that it is be suspended to above detector 30.
(4) draw high first drilling rod to be connected with detector 30: operator live to suspend first drilling rod of getting up in midair with hand steered, first drilling rod is made to align with detector 30 in the vertical direction, slowly transfer first drilling rod, first drilling rod is rotated so that connect screw thread in first drilling rod bottom suitable with the external connection screw on detector 30 top while being about to contact；Being enclosed within by casing tong on first drilling rod, the detector 30 of lower section is fixed by draw-in groove spanner 32 again；Slowly tighten screw thread finally by casing tong and make detector 30 and first drilling rod compact siro spinning technology.
(5) transferring the detector 30 tightened and first drilling rod so that it is be fixed on aperture: unload lower bayonet slot spanner 32, now both of which is suspended in midair in the borehole；By cable 12, computer 26 system is connected with detector 30, and opens infrared ray borehole camera pattern；Start hoist engine, slowly put down detector 30 and first drilling rod, until second draw-in groove on first drilling rod is concordant with orifice position, now infrared ray borehole camera instrument 11 constantly shoots and picture is passed back computer 26 in detector 30 decentralization process and stores.
(6) step (3) is repeated to step (5), until detector 30 being transferred to the internal specified location of solution cavity.
What deserves to be explained is, only choose a kind of rig and illustrate in the application, but be not only limited to only this kind of rig, any all can being applied in this device by the rig that drilling rod carries out drilling is detected.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of CAVE DETECTION system and using method thereof, this CAVE DETECTION system includes detector and the computer being connected with detector, detector include feeler lever and with the probe being connected bottom feeler lever, probe include horizontally rotating unit and with horizontally rotate the vertical rotary unit that unit is coaxially disposed, can needing surveyed solution cavity is carried out respectively the omnidirectional detection of horizontal 360-degree and vertical 180 degree according to detection, the lower end of vertical rotary unit is provided with the swingle that built-in rotating shaft is fixing；Swingle is provided with the detection integrating device for detecting boring country rock situation, solution cavity geometry, country rock situation and filling situation；The information collecting device for gathering the information that detection integrating device detects it is provided with inside feeler lever, and by cable transmission to computer.Carry out Precise control by computer to visiting head-turned angle, and detection mode can be switched flexibly, be detected device laying by the drilling rod of rig and can ensure that in test process, equipment is stable, data are reliable；This system detection accuracy is high, is conducive to improving economy and the security and stability of karst region engineering construction.
Last it is noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, it is not intended to limit；Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that: the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent replacement；And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a CAVE DETECTION system, it is characterized in that: include detector and the computer being connected with described detector, described detector include feeler lever and with the probe being connected bottom described feeler lever, described probe includes horizontally rotating unit and horizontally rotating, with described, the vertical rotary unit that unit is coaxially disposed, and the lower end of described vertical rotary unit is provided with the swingle that built-in rotating shaft is fixing；Described swingle is provided with the detection integrating device for detecting boring country rock situation, solution cavity geometry, country rock situation and filling situation；Being provided with information collecting device in described feeler lever, described information collecting device is for gathering the information that described detection integrating device detects, and is transmitted to described computer by cable.
2. CAVE DETECTION system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described detection integrating device includes infrared ray borehole camera instrument, three-dimensional laser scanner and sonic detector, described three-dimensional laser scanner includes Laser emission camera lens and laser pick-off camera lens, and described sonic detector includes pinger and acoustic receiver；Described infrared ray borehole camera instrument and described pinger are respectively arranged on the end face at described swingle two ends, one end of described swingle is located at by described Laser emission camera lens and described laser pick-off camera lens corresponding to described infrared ray borehole camera instrument, and described acoustic receiver is located at the other end of described swingle corresponding to described pinger.
3. CAVE DETECTION system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described information collecting device includes data energy integration module, signal conversion module, three-dimensional laser scanner signal acquisition module, sonic transmissions signal acquisition module and infrared ray borehole camera instrument signal acquisition module；Described three-dimensional laser scanner signal acquisition module, sonic transmissions signal acquisition module and infrared ray borehole camera instrument signal acquisition module are respectively used to gather the detection information of three-dimensional laser scanner, sonic detector and infrared ray borehole camera instrument, and transmit to the conversion of described signal conversion module, the information after conversion is uploaded to described computer by described data energy integration module.
4. CAVE DETECTION system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described information collecting device also includes the compass locating module being connected with signal conversion module, the spatial information of each attitude when described compass locating module is for recording the change in location in described detector decline process and being detected.
5. CAVE DETECTION system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in horizontally rotate unit and include the first motor and horizontal gear rotary apparatus, engaged by horizontal gear rotary apparatus described in described first driven by motor to drive described probe to horizontally rotate.
6. CAVE DETECTION system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vertical rotary unit also includes the second motor and the vertical gear rotary apparatus being connected with described swingle, engaged to drive described swingle vertically to rotate by vertical gear rotary apparatus described in described second driven by motor.
7. CAVE DETECTION system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the top of described probe is provided with plug and the second external connection screw, the bottom of described feeler lever corresponding to described plug and the second external connection screw be respectively equipped with connector receptacle and in connect threading snaps.
8. CAVE DETECTION system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: also include at least one drilling rod being connected with described feeler lever top.
9. CAVE DETECTION system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: also including drill rod elevator and the drill control platform being connected with described drill rod elevator, described drill rod elevator is connected with described drilling rod.
10. the using method of a CAVE DETECTION system, it is characterised in that include following operating procedure:
S1, drill rod elevator is enclosed within detector upper end first draw-in groove of horizontal positioned, and by drill control platform courses hoist engine, detector is promoted, the infrared ray borehole camera instrument making probe is positioned at drilling orifice, cable is adopted to be connected with computer by detector, and switch to infrared ray borehole camera pattern, detector is slowly transferred along bore path until the second draw-in groove flushes with orifice position, surrounding rock in drilling hole situation is shot by decentralization process simultaneously, and passes data back computer and store；
S2, employing draw-in groove spanner by the second draw-in groove fixed detector and are located at the orifice position in step S1, the cable connecting detector is extracted and is made it pass in the middle of first hollow drill from computer, again the joint of cable is connected with computer, by drill control platform courses hoist engine, first drilling rod is lifted to above detector upper end, and detector is connected by screw thread and first drilling rod；
S3, detector and first drilling rod are slowly transferred until the second draw-in groove of first drilling rod is arranged in the orifice position of step S1 and adopts draw-in groove spanner to fix along bore path, in detector decline process, infrared ray borehole camera instrument is in running order all the time, and pass the picture of shooting back computer and store, it is then ready for connecting second drilling rod and first drilling rod；
S4, repetition step S2 and S3, until the probe of detector is just transferred to Upper Plate of Karst Cave, open sonic detector work pattern Karst roof near boring is detected, comprehensively determine Karst roof thickness and solution cavity country rock velocity of wave in conjunction with Karst roof infrared ray borehole camera instrument test result；
S5, detector is continued the appointment position transferred to solution cavity, and cable is connected with computer；
S6, for empty solution cavity, the Laser emission camera lens of position and the work pattern of laser pick-off camera lens is specified by the selected difference of computer operation, and by horizontally rotate unit and vertical rotary unit carry out respectively horizontal 360-degree with vertical 180 degree rotate with complete to the omnidirectional detection of surveys sky solution cavity external morphology work, thus drawing and being surveyed the empty three-dimensional geometric shape of solution cavity, simultaneously, by the selected sonic detector work pattern of computer operation, the mode that pinger combines with acoustic receiver is adopted to obtain sky solution cavity country rock situation；
Or for half filling solution cavity, first adopt the method for empty solution cavity to determine the geometric shape of the non-pack portion of solution cavity；Then, by the selected sonic detector work pattern of computer operation, adopt the mode that pinger combines with acoustic receiver to obtain geometric shape and the closely knit situation of filling and the solution cavity country rock situation of pack portion solution cavity；
Or for filling solution cavity, by the selected sonic detector work pattern of computer operation, adopt the mode that pinger combines with acoustic receiver to obtain geometric shape and the closely knit situation of filling and the solution cavity country rock situation of filling solution cavity.
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