CN112355583A - Method for recycling waste alloy cutter - Google Patents
Method for recycling waste alloy cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN112355583A CN112355583A CN202011196055.6A CN202011196055A CN112355583A CN 112355583 A CN112355583 A CN 112355583A CN 202011196055 A CN202011196055 A CN 202011196055A CN 112355583 A CN112355583 A CN 112355583A
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- cutter
- waste alloy
- waste
- recycling
- cutters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
Abstract
The invention provides a method for recycling waste alloy cutters, which solves the problems of environmental pollution, high cost, long period, complex operation and higher requirement on enterprise recycling capability of the existing waste alloy cutter recycling method. According to the invention, after the waste alloy cutters are collected, classified and cleaned, pretreated and remanufactured, the waste alloy cutters can be changed into valuable things, so that the waste alloy cutters become brand-new cutters, the utilization rate of the base materials of the waste alloy cutters is improved to more than 90%, the full life cycle of the base materials is improved by more than 1 time, and the purchase cost of enterprises on numerical control cutters is greatly reduced; the method can fully utilize the hard alloy material and save precious metal resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cutter processing, and particularly relates to a method for recycling a waste alloy cutter.
Background
The hard alloy material has a series of excellent characteristics of high hardness, high strength, wear resistance, good toughness, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, good red hardness and the like, is widely used as various numerical control cutter base materials, and is known as industrial teeth. Meanwhile, the cemented carbide is also a material with high density (approximately 2 times of steel) and high cost, and about 70% of the cost of the whole cemented carbide tool comes from the cemented carbide base material. Therefore, the numerical control alloy cutter can be remanufactured after being worn out, and the value of the numerical control alloy cutter can be fully utilized.
The numerical control alloy cutters mainly comprise drill bits, milling cutters, reamers, chamfer cutters, compound cutters and the like, and in the normal use process of enterprises, the cutters can be repeatedly ground and reused on a five-axis numerical control tool grinding machine until the cutters are worn out. Through analyzing and researching the waste alloy cutter, the main states of the waste alloy cutter are as follows: 1) the blade length or the total length of the cutter cannot meet the use requirement due to repeated grinding; 2) the tool is seriously broken and loses the grinding value; 3) the cutter is broken due to abnormal use; 4) the blade portion of the tool is totally damaged, leaving only the shank portion.
In the prior art, the method for recycling the waste alloy cutter mainly comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out chemical decomposition on an alloy material to extract Co element; secondly, crushing the rest WC (carbide) solid; finally, pressing and sintering the blank into a common hard alloy material by a special process, and then grooving and edging again to manufacture the cutter. The method has the advantages of environmental pollution, high cost, long period and complex operation, and can not be generally finished by machining enterprises and cutter manufacturers except a few chemical enterprises with the capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of environmental pollution, high cost, long period, complex operation and high requirement on enterprise recycling capacity of the conventional waste alloy cutter recycling method, and provides a waste alloy cutter recycling method.
According to four waste states of the existing waste alloy cutter, the invention provides the following feasible conditions for remanufacturing: 1) the waste alloy cutter is shorter and can meet the use requirement only by being lengthened; 2) the waste alloy cutter can be changed into other cutters with a small specification or length by removing failure parts such as tipping, abrasion, breakage and the like; 3) no matter in any waste state, the handle of the waste alloy cutter can be completely reused, the length of the handle is generally more than 40mm, and the utilization value is very high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for recycling waste alloy cutters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) collecting
Collecting waste alloy cutters with remanufacturing value; based on the consideration of reconstruction cost, waste alloy cutters with more alloy base materials are accumulated to a certain amount for centralized treatment;
the remanufacturing value means that the sum of the remanufacturing cost of the waste alloy cutter and the material value of the waste cutter is less than 70% of the value of the new cutter;
the remanufacturing cost of the waste alloy cutter is the cost generated after experimental remanufacturing of the waste alloy cutter, and is the cost generated after experimental remanufacturing of the waste alloy cutter or the average value of the costs generated after experimental remanufacturing of a plurality of waste alloy cutters; the material value of the waste cutter refers to the cost of selling the waste alloy cutter by using part of the waste alloy cutter as a recycling material during remanufacturing; the new tool value refers to the expense incurred in purchasing a new tool identical to the trial remanufactured tool;
2) classified cleaning
Classifying the collected waste alloy cutters according to types, specifications and handle diameters in sequence, and cleaning to remove oil stains; classifying the waste alloy cutters with the same type, specification and handle diameter into one type;
3) pretreatment
Cutting off the failure part (11) of the waste alloy cutter after classified cleaning by using cutting equipment;
4) remanufacturing
And classifying and designing the waste alloy cutter after the pretreatment, and manufacturing the new cutter by using cutter processing equipment according to a numerical control cutter manufacturing method.
Further, for the waste alloy cutter with shorter length and needing to be lengthened to meet the use requirement, the following steps are also included between the step 3) and the step 4):
s1) splicing
Removing an oxide layer at the tail end of the handle part of the waste alloy cutter after pretreatment (without influencing subsequent welding), and welding a section of continuous handle part on the tail end, so that the use requirement is met, the welding seam is ensured to be crack-free and firm, and the artificial aging treatment is carried out to eliminate the welding stress;
s2) refining
And finely grinding the continuous handle part to ensure that the coaxiality of the continuous handle part and the handle part of the waste alloy cutter is less than or equal to 0.006mm.
Further, in step 4), the classified design is specifically the following tool type design:
a. for the cutter without a cutter groove after the failure part is removed, the cutter can be re-grooved on the tool grinder to manufacture various types of required cutters;
b. for the cutter with the cutter groove and the cutter edge after the failure part is removed, the cutter edge position can be positioned through a measuring head of a five-axis numerical control tool grinding machine, and the grooving is continued along the original cutter groove;
c. for the tool (such as a drill bit or a reamer) with the diameter still worn after the failure part is removed, the tool can be modified into a tool with a smaller specification model in a b mode, such as: the drill bit with the diameter of 10.6 can be changed into a drill bit with the diameter of 10.4 or 10.5, etc.;
d. for the cutter with large diameter and short length after the failure part is removed, a milling cutter or a chamfer cutter can be modified.
Further, the method also comprises the step 5) of coating treatment
Carrying out PVD coating treatment on the obtained new cutter to enable the service life of the remanufactured cutter to reach the level of the new cutter; here, CVD coating cannot be carried out because too high a coating temperature anneals the alloy steel and easily causes tool deformation.
Further, for the convenience of classification management, the method also comprises the step 6) of marking
Marking the new cutter after the coating treatment in the step 5).
Further, the waste alloy cutter comprises a drill bit, a milling cutter, a reamer, a chamfer cutter and a compound cutter; numerically controlled alloy blades are outside the scope of this invention.
Further, in the step 3), cutting off the failure parts of the waste alloy cutters after classified cleaning by using a linear cutting machine; the failure site refers to a site where chipping, breaking or abrasion exists.
Further, in step S1), the material of the splicing shank is tool steel in view of material cost and performance;
the welding is silver-based brazing or copper-based brazing, and for cutters with higher requirements, the silver-based brazing is used, and for cutters with lower requirements, the copper-based brazing can be used.
Furthermore, the tool steel is 9SiCr or W18Cr4V, and the two materials have high cost performance and good tempering stability.
Further, step S2) is specifically:
clamping the handle part of the waste alloy cutter by using a cylindrical grinding machine, and finely grinding the continuous handle part to meet the size requirement of the handle part of the cutter, so as to ensure that the coaxiality of the continuous handle part and the handle part of the waste alloy cutter is less than or equal to 0.006 mm;
or clamping the waste alloy handle part, carrying out fine turning, and carrying out fine grinding by using a centerless grinding machine, so that the coaxiality of the continuous handle part and the waste alloy cutter handle part is less than or equal to 0.006mm.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. by the waste alloy cutter recycling method, waste alloy cutters are remanufactured, so that waste is changed into valuable, the waste alloy cutters become brand new cutters, the utilization rate of base materials of the waste alloy cutters is improved to over 90 percent, the full life cycle of the base materials is improved by over 1 time, and the purchase cost of enterprises for numerical control cutters is greatly reduced; the method can fully utilize the hard alloy material and save precious metal resources.
2. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter is mechanical recycling, is different from chemical recycling, has no pollution to the environment, simple operation, short manufacturing period, low requirements on machining enterprises and cutter manufacturers, can be completed by utilizing the existing equipment, has high recycling efficiency and reduces the recycling cost of the enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of remanufacturing a waste alloy cutter without a cutter groove in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a first schematic view of remanufacturing a waste alloy cutter with a cutter groove according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of remanufacturing a waste alloy cutter with a cutter groove in the invention;
the reference numbers are as follows:
1-a waste alloy cutter handle, 2-a welding seam, 3-a continuous handle, 4-a drill bit, 5-a milling cutter, 6-a reamer, 7-a cut-off part, 8-a small-diameter drill bit, 9-a short-specification drill bit and 10-90-degree chamfering cutter; 11-failure site.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples:
example one
A method for recycling waste alloy cutters comprises the following steps:
1) collecting
Based on the consideration of reconstruction cost, accumulating waste alloy cutters with remanufacturing value (more alloy base materials of the waste alloy cutters) to a certain amount for centralized treatment; the waste alloy cutter comprises a drill bit, a milling cutter, a reamer, a chamfer cutter and a compound cutter;
the remanufacturing value means that the sum of the remanufacturing cost of the waste alloy cutter and the material value of the waste cutter is less than 70 percent of the value of the new cutter;
the remanufacturing cost of the waste alloy cutter is the cost generated after experimental remanufacturing of the waste alloy cutter, and is the cost generated after experimental remanufacturing of the waste alloy cutter or the average value of the costs generated after experimental remanufacturing of a plurality of waste alloy cutters; the material value of the waste cutter refers to the cost of selling the waste alloy cutter by using part of the waste alloy cutter as a recycling material during remanufacturing; the new tool value refers to the expense incurred in purchasing a new tool identical to the trial remanufactured tool;
2) classified cleaning
Classifying the collected waste alloy cutters according to types, specifications and handle diameters in sequence, and cleaning to remove oil stains; classifying the waste alloy cutters with the same type, specification and handle diameter into one type;
3) pretreatment
Cutting off (such as tipping, fracture and abrasion) the failure part 11 of the waste alloy cutter after classification and cleaning by using a wire cutting machine, wherein the cutting-off part 7 is shown in figures 1 and 2,
4) continuous connection
In order to not influence the subsequent welding, an oxide layer at the tail end of the handle part 1 of the waste alloy cutter is removed firstly; then welding a section of continuous handle part 3 on the tail end of the handle part to meet the use requirement, ensuring that the welding seam 2 has no crack and is firmly welded, and carrying out artificial aging treatment to eliminate welding stress; wherein, the material of continuing to connect the stalk portion is the good ordinary tool steel of sexual valence relative height, tempering stability, for example: 9SiCr or W18Cr 4V; the welding is silver-based brazing or copper-based brazing, for the cutter with higher requirement, the silver-based brazing is used, and for the cutter with low requirement, the copper-based brazing can be used;
5) finish grinding
Clamping the handle part of the waste alloy cutter by using a cylindrical grinding machine, and finely grinding the continuous handle part to meet the size requirement of the handle part of the cutter, so as to ensure that the coaxiality of the continuous handle part and the handle part of the waste alloy cutter is less than or equal to 0.006 mm;
or clamping the handle part of the waste alloy cutter, carrying out finish turning, and carrying out finish grinding by using a centerless grinding machine, so that the coaxiality of the continuous handle part and the handle part of the waste alloy cutter is less than or equal to 0.006 mm;
6) remanufacturing
Classifying and designing the waste alloy cutters obtained in the step 5), and manufacturing new cutters by using cutter processing equipment according to a numerical control cutter manufacturing method;
for the cutter without the cutter groove after the failure part is removed, the cutter is re-grooved on a tool grinder to manufacture various types of required cutters, as shown in figure 1, a waste cutter D14.5 drill bit only has a shank D16, and a welded D16 alloy bar is obtained after the process treatment, and any required cutter, such as the drill 4, the milling cutter 5 or the reamer 6, can be manufactured by the same method as the manufacturing method of a new cutter;
for the cutter with the cutter groove and the cutter edge after the failure part is removed, the cutter edge position can be positioned through a measuring head of a five-axis numerical control tool grinder, and grooving can be continued along the original cutter groove, as shown in figure 2, the D14.5 drill bit has more cutter grinding times and is shortened, and grooving and edging can be continued along the original spiral groove after pretreatment, splicing and fine grinding, so that the drill bit 4 with the same shape and specification as the original drill bit is obtained.
Step 7) coating treatment
And carrying out PVD coating treatment on the obtained new cutter so that the service life of the remanufactured cutter reaches the level of the new cutter.
8) Marking
And marking the new cutter after the coating treatment.
And (4) installing the new cutter into the numerical control cutter handle, and installing the numerical control cutter handle on a main shaft of a numerical control machine tool, so that the new cutter can be machined and used.
Example two
The difference from the first embodiment is that the collected waste alloy cutter has short failure parts, so that after the pretreatment in the step 3), the waste alloy cutter can be directly remanufactured, and as shown in fig. 3, the waste alloy cutter can be remanufactured into a small-diameter drill 8, a short-diameter drill 9 or a 90-degree chamfer cutter 10.
The remanufactured cutter of which type can be remanufactured according to the self condition or the requirement of the waste alloy cutter and recycled.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recycling waste alloy cutters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) collecting
Collecting waste alloy cutters with remanufacturing value;
the remanufacturing value means that the sum of the remanufacturing cost of the waste alloy cutter and the material value of the waste cutter is less than 70% of the value of the new cutter;
the remanufacturing cost of the waste alloy cutter is the cost generated after experimental remanufacturing of the waste alloy cutter, and is the cost generated after experimental remanufacturing of the waste alloy cutter or the average value of the costs generated after experimental remanufacturing of a plurality of waste alloy cutters; the material value of the waste cutter refers to the cost of selling the waste alloy cutter by using part of the waste alloy cutter as a recycling material during remanufacturing; the new tool value refers to the expense incurred in purchasing a new tool identical to the trial remanufactured tool;
2) classified cleaning
Classifying the collected waste alloy cutters according to types, specifications and handle diameters in sequence, and cleaning to remove oil stains; classifying the waste alloy cutters with the same type, specification and handle diameter into one type;
3) pretreatment
Cutting off the failure part (11) of the waste alloy cutter after classified cleaning by using cutting equipment;
4) remanufacturing
And classifying and designing the waste alloy cutter after the pretreatment, and processing and manufacturing by using cutter processing equipment to obtain a new cutter.
2. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the following steps are further included between the step 3) and the step 4):
s1) splicing
Removing an oxide layer at the tail end of the handle part (1) of the waste alloy cutter after pretreatment, welding a section of continuous handle part (3) on the tail end to ensure that a welding seam (2) has no crack, and carrying out artificial aging treatment to eliminate welding stress;
s2) refining
And finely grinding the continuous handle part (3) to ensure that the coaxiality of the continuous handle part and the handle part (1) of the waste alloy cutter is less than or equal to 0.006mm.
3. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
in the step 4), the classified design is specifically the following cutter type design:
a. for the cutter without the cutter groove after the failure part is removed, the cutter with the required type is manufactured by re-grooving;
b. for the cutter still having the cutter groove and the cutter edge after the failure part is removed, the grooving is continued along the original cutter groove;
c. changing the cutter with the diameter still worn after the failure part is removed into a cutter with a smaller specification model;
d. and modifying the cutter with large diameter and short length after the failure part is removed into a milling cutter or a chamfering cutter.
4. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that: further comprises the step 5) of coating treatment
And carrying out PVD coating treatment on the obtained new cutter.
5. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that: further comprises the step 6) of marking
Marking the new cutter after the coating treatment in the step 5).
6. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the waste alloy cutter comprises a drill bit, a milling cutter, a reamer, a chamfer cutter and a compound cutter.
7. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step 3), cutting the failure parts of the waste alloy cutters after classified cleaning by using a linear cutting machine;
the failure part (11) refers to a part with broken edges, fractures or abrasion.
8. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that:
step S1), the material of the splicing handle (3) is tool steel;
the welding is silver-based brazing or copper-based brazing.
9. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the tool steel is 9SiCr or W18Cr 4V.
10. The method for recycling the waste alloy cutter according to claim 9,
step S2) specifically includes:
clamping the waste alloy cutter handle part (1) by using a cylindrical grinding machine, finely grinding the continuous handle part (3) to meet the size requirement of the cutter handle part, and ensuring that the coaxiality of the continuous handle part (3) and the waste alloy cutter handle part (1) is less than or equal to 0.006 mm;
or clamping the handle part (1) of the waste alloy cutter to finish turning and then finish grinding by using a centerless grinding machine, so that the coaxiality of the continuous handle part (3) and the handle part (1) of the waste alloy cutter is less than or equal to 0.006mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011196055.6A CN112355583B (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Method for recycling waste alloy cutter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011196055.6A CN112355583B (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Method for recycling waste alloy cutter |
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| CN112355583B CN112355583B (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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2020
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| CN2488629Y (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2002-05-01 | 郑黄铮 | End-milling cutter capable of regenerating and reusing for cutting printed circuit board |
| JP2004322241A (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2004-11-18 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Reusing method of cutting tool with shank |
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