CN112355457B - Welding method of resin-based carbon fiber composite material-aluminum alloy welding system - Google Patents
Welding method of resin-based carbon fiber composite material-aluminum alloy welding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112355457B CN112355457B CN202011271095.2A CN202011271095A CN112355457B CN 112355457 B CN112355457 B CN 112355457B CN 202011271095 A CN202011271095 A CN 202011271095A CN 112355457 B CN112355457 B CN 112355457B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K13/00—Welding by high-frequency current heating
- B23K13/01—Welding by high-frequency current heating by induction heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K13/00—Welding by high-frequency current heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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Abstract
A welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material-aluminum alloy welding system comprises a workbench, an induction welder, a pressure device, a traveling device and a welding control center; the running gear can make the heating coil and pressure device of the induction welder run along the welding direction; the welding control center comprises an infrared thermometer, a walking control part, an induction electric control part and a pressure control part; the welding method comprises the following steps: s1, processing a welded joint: forming a pair of lap joint grooves on the section to be welded of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate, and processing the area to be welded of the aluminum alloy plate into a wedge shape; s2, preprocessing a welding plate: anodizing the to-be-welded area of the aluminum alloy plate; s3, embedding a wedge-shaped to-be-welded area of the aluminum alloy plate into a pair of lap joint grooves on the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate to form a to-be-welded assembly, arranging a heating coil and a pressure device of the induction welder above a welding area of the to-be-welded assembly, and starting a welding system to start welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material-aluminum alloy welding system, and belongs to the technical field of welding.
Background
The lightweight design of equipment is still an important development direction in the manufacturing industry field, especially in the transportation industry, such as the fields of aerospace, automobiles and rail transportation. The development of rail train bodies in China goes from an initial carbon steel body to a stainless steel body with better corrosion performance to an aluminum alloy body with lighter mass. The development and innovation of materials continuously promote the update and development of the vehicle body.
With the continuous maturity of the production technology of resin-based carbon fiber composite materials (CFRP) and the processing method thereof, the CFRP in the car body has an increasingly larger ratio, and many parts need to be connected with the CFRP by aluminum alloy. Because CFRP and metal have large differences in physical and chemical properties, it is difficult to achieve welding, and at present, most of CFRP and metal are connected by adopting a method of cementing and mechanical connection. However, the gluing and mechanical connection methods have obvious disadvantages, so that the welding of CFRP/metal has always been a hot spot at home and abroad. At present, the welding method of CFRP and aluminum alloy mainly comprises laser welding, ultrasonic welding and friction welding. However, because the interface connection strength between CFRP and aluminum alloy is low, the welding area is increased to improve the mechanical property of the joint. The laser welding energy is too concentrated, so that the aluminum alloy and CFRP are easy to burn out, and air holes appear. Ultrasonic welding cannot be performed continuously, and only one point can be welded. Friction welding is also required to contact aluminum alloys, and the joints can only be lap joints, which have a large stress concentration coefficient and are greatly restricted in application conditions. Particularly when the joint is under the action of circulating force, the fatigue performance of the lap joint is poor, the service life of the lap joint is shorter than that of the butt joint of the same type, and the stress corrosion is easy to cause due to the concentration of stress, so that the danger coefficient of the joint in use is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material-aluminum alloy welding system, which has the advantages of simple operation, high welding efficiency and easy control of a joint welding process, and the obtained welding joint has excellent mechanical property and fatigue resistance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the aim of the invention is as follows: a welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material-aluminum alloy welding system, wherein the welding system comprises a workbench, an induction welder and a pressure device capable of applying pressure to a welding plate on the workbench, and the welding system further comprises a travelling device and a welding control center;
the running device can enable the heating coil and the pressure device of the induction welder to run along the welding direction, and in the running process, the pressure device is arranged behind the heating coil along the welding direction;
the welding control center comprises an infrared thermometer capable of monitoring the surface temperature of a welding area in real time, a travel control part for controlling the motion of a traveling device, an induction electric control part for controlling the induction electric output of the induction welder and a pressure control part for controlling the motion of a pressure device;
the welding method comprises the following steps:
s1, processing a welded joint: forming a butt joint groove in the section to be welded of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate, and processing the area to be welded of the aluminum alloy plate into a wedge shape so that the aluminum alloy plate can be embedded into the butt joint groove formed in the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate;
s2, preprocessing a welding plate: polishing and cleaning a to-be-welded area of the resin matrix carbon fiber composite plate and the aluminum alloy plate, and performing anodic oxidation treatment on the to-be-welded area of the aluminum alloy plate, wherein the anodic oxidation electrolyte comprises H 2 SO 4 100g/L～140g/L、H 3 PO 4 50g/L～70g/L、H 3 BO 3 2g/L to 4g/L; the oxidation voltage is 16V-22V, the oxidation time is 15 min-25 min, and the anodic oxidation temperature is 5-15 ℃;
s3, embedding a wedge-shaped to-be-welded area of the aluminum alloy plate into a butt joint groove on the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate to form a to-be-welded assembly, placing the to-be-welded assembly on a workbench of a welding system, placing a heating coil and a pressure device of an induction welder above the welding area of the to-be-welded assembly, and starting the welding system to start welding;
in the welding process, an infrared thermometer of a welding control center monitors the temperature of the surface of a welding area in real time, and a running control part, an induction electric control part and a pressure control part control the welding process according to the temperature of the surface of the welding area, so that when the temperature of the surface of the welding area reaches a set temperature, a running device drives an induction welding machine and a pressure device to run forwards along the welding direction, the pressure device applies pressure to the welding area heated by a heating coil, and a welding interface is pressed, so that continuous welding of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material and the aluminum alloy is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the induction coil to carry out electromagnetic induction heating on the aluminum alloy, so that the heating area of the welding joint is large, and the aluminum alloy to be heated is thinner, thus being considered to be uniformly heated. Therefore, the invention realizes the characteristics of large heating area and uniform heating, ensures that the CFRP of the whole joint at the coil position can uniformly reach a molten state, and realizes the connection with larger area. And the connection quality of the whole interface can reach a better state due to uniform heating.
2. The invention adopts electromagnetic field to heat, and heating can be realized without contacting heating equipment with a heated workpiece. Therefore, the structural form of the joint can be changed according to the requirement, and the joint form of embedding the aluminum alloy into the CFRP is adopted. Compared with friction welding, ultrasonic welding which is performed by contacting with aluminum alloy and laser which is performed by directly irradiating the aluminum alloy, the method does not need to expose the heating surface of the aluminum alloy to heating equipment, so that the welded joint has more structural flexibility, and the joint form can be selected according to requirements. Through a large number of experiments, the applicant finds that the welding joint form can realize welding of the aluminum alloy double sides and CFRP, and the overall performance of the welding joint can be greatly improved.
3. Based on the heating mode and the welding joint mode, both sides of the aluminum alloy can be covered by the CFRP, so that both sides of the aluminum alloy can be connected with the CFRP, and under the same lap joint length, the lap joint is doubled, the contact area is increased, and the improvement of the performance of the whole joint is facilitated; compared with Shan Dajie joint, the aluminum alloy double-sided lap joint is beneficial to eliminating additional moment at the joint due to stress, and can improve the mechanical property and fatigue property of the joint.
4. The welding method of the welding system can be used for continuously welding long and straight welding seams. Compared with ultrasonic welding and resistance welding, the welding method is non-contact heating, and the welding equipment can realize continuous heating of weld metal through the travelling mechanism, so that continuous welding is realized, and the welding method is beneficial to welding large parts such as high-speed train bodies.
5. The welding system integrates an induction welder, a pressure device, a traveling device and a welding control center; the induction welder achieves one to four of the advantages described above; the running gear integrates a welding heat source and a required pressure device after welding and heating, so that the whole automatic welding is realized; the pressure device extrudes air of the CFRP and aluminum alloy interface which are heated to be in a molten state through pressure, so that the interfaces are tightly combined together, and the interface connection strength is improved; the welding control center coordinates the actions of all devices to obtain better welding effect, realizes the comprehensive automation of welding, and in a word, the welding method of the welding system of the invention obtains the welding joint with excellent mechanical property and fatigue resistance through a simple process.
Further, the running gear of the welding system comprises guide rails fixed on two sides of the workbench, guide wheels capable of rolling along the guide rails and supporting frames fixed on the guide wheels (the supporting frames are in rolling connection with the middle shafts of the rollers), and a heating coil and a pressure device of the induction welder are fixedly connected with the supporting frames of the running gear; the running control part of the welding control center controls the guide wheel to run on the guide rail.
The invention integrates a welding heat source and a needed pressure device after welding and heating through the shape-moving device, and controls the welding speed according to the temperature measured by the infrared thermometer through the travel control part of the welding control center, thereby meeting all functions required by the welding method.
Further, the pressure device of the welding system comprises a belt type pressure head, wherein the belt type pressure head comprises a central shaft fixedly connected with a pressure rod of the pressure device, three hydraulic rods, three rollers and a belt supported by the three rollers, one end of each hydraulic rod is connected with the central shaft, and the other end of each hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a wheel shaft of each roller; the pressure control part of the welding control center controls the output pressure of the pressure device and the length of the hydraulic rod of the belt type pressure head.
The pressure device with the structure can adjust the relative positions of the corresponding three rollers through the telescopic lengths of the three hydraulic rods, so that the contact length of the belt and the welding joint is changed, and the time for applying pressure to the welding area is adjusted.
Further, the welding system of the invention further comprises a cooling device for cooling the welding interface while the pressure device compresses the welding interface, so that the resin in the melted resin-based carbon fiber composite material is converted into a solidified state.
If the pressure device passes, the resin of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material is not cured, so that the welding interface is loosened again, the welding interface is not tightly combined, and the quality of the welding joint is affected. The cooling device can cool the resin rapidly to reach a solidification state through cooling the welding interface, so that the quality of the welding joint is ensured.
Furthermore, the cooling device comprises cooling liquid circulation equipment, the belt of the pressure device is of a hollow structure, and the inner ring of the belt is provided with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet which are connected with the cooling liquid circulation device.
Through setting up the belt to hollow structure, lead to the coolant liquid in its inside, cool off the belt to reach the effect of welding joint cooling, set up simply, the cooling effect is good.
Further, the thickness of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate is 3-10mm, the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is 3-10mm, and the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is 70-130% of the thickness of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate.
When the thickness of the welding material is less than 3mm, the bearable force of the material is small, and the joint use requirement can be met through a simple lap joint structure. However, when the thickness of the material is greater than 10mm, the material and the joint need to bear a large load, and mechanical connection is needed to assist in connection. Therefore, in the range of 3-10mm in material thickness, the joint structure used by the invention can be used for grooving in CFRP, so that the joint with larger connection area and better mechanical property can be formed by the joint structure and the aluminum alloy. Meanwhile, a large number of experiments prove that the thickness of the aluminum alloy is 70% -130% of the CFRP thickness, and the joint strength and the base metal strength can be matched.
Further, in the step S1 of the present invention, the depth of the opposite lap joint groove formed in the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate is 8-12 times the thickness of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate, and the width is 20% -40% of the thickness of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate.
The data are the size parameters of the excellent welding joint obtained by the applicant through a large number of tests, and when the grooving length is short, the lap joint area with the aluminum alloy is greatly reduced, and the mechanical property of the joint is reduced. If the grooving length is too large, large deviation is easy to occur during processing, so that the CFRP thicknesses on two sides are greatly different, and the overall strength of the joint is affected.
Further, the resin matrix of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material of the present invention includes PE, PP, PA, PC, PPS, PEEK.
A large number of experiments prove that the quality of the welded joint obtained by the resin matrix is excellent.
Further, in the welding process of the invention, the pressure applied by the pressure device to the welding area heated by the heating coil is 100N-140N.
Too small pressure can cause incomplete discharge of air in the welding seam, so that the welding seam has defects of air holes, unconnected and the like. If the pressure is too high, a large amount of resin is squeezed out of the weld area, degrading the joint CFRP performance. A large number of experiments show that the pressure range of 100N-140N can ensure that air in the welding line is discharged, and resin which cannot be extruded in a large amount can ensure the quality of the welding joint.
In step s3, the component to be welded is placed on a workbench of a welding system, and before welding is started, a mica sheet is paved in a welding area of the component to be welded, so that resin in the resin-based carbon fiber composite material is prevented from being stuck to a pressure device, and the welding effect is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an overall structure of a welding system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of an overall structure of a welding system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pressure device according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of welding a resin-based carbon fiber reinforced composite plate with an aluminum alloy plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graphical view of the interface between the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material-aluminum alloy welding system.
Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of the whole structure of the welding system of the present example, and the welding control center, the infrared thermometer of the welding control center and each control part are omitted in the diagrams. As shown in the drawing, the welding system of the present example includes a workbench 10, an induction welder 20, a pressure device 30 for applying pressure to a welding plate on the workbench 10, a traveling device 40 and a welding control center;
the traveling device 40 may enable the heating coil 21 and the pressure device 30 of the induction welder 20 to travel along the welding direction, and during traveling, the pressure device 30 is behind the heating coil 21 along the welding direction;
the welding control center comprises an infrared thermometer capable of monitoring the surface temperature of a welding area in real time, a travel control part for controlling the motion of the traveling device 40, an induction electric control part for controlling the induction electric output of the induction welder 20 and a pressure control part for controlling the motion of the pressure device 30;
the running gear 40 of the welding system in this example comprises guide rails 41 fixed on two sides of the workbench 10, guide wheels 42 capable of rolling along the guide rails 41, and a support frame 43 fixed on the guide wheels 42, and the heating coil 21 and the pressure device 30 of the induction welder 20 are fixedly connected with the support frame 43 of the running gear 40; the travel control unit of the welding control center controls the guide wheel 42 to travel on the guide rail 41.
As shown in fig. 3, the pressure device 30 of the welding system in this example includes a belt-type pressure head 31, where the belt-type pressure head 31 includes a central shaft 31a fixedly connected with a pressure bar 32 of the pressure device 30, three hydraulic bars 31b, three rollers 31c, and a belt 31d supported by the three rollers 31c, and one end of the hydraulic bar 31b is connected with the central shaft 31a, and the other end is fixedly connected with a wheel shaft of the roller 31 c; the pressure control part of the welding control center controls the output pressure of the pressure device 30 and the length of the hydraulic rod 31b of the belt type ram 31.
The welding system in this example further comprises a cooling device, not shown in the drawings, for cooling the welding interface while the pressure device 30 compresses the welding interface, so that the resin in the molten resin-based carbon fiber composite material is converted into a solidified state; the cooling device comprises cooling liquid circulation equipment, a belt 31d of the pressure device 30 is of a hollow structure, and a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet which are connected with the cooling liquid circulation device are arranged on the inner ring of the belt 31 d.
The welding method of the welding system comprises the following steps:
s1, processing a welded joint: forming a butt joint groove in the section to be welded of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate, and processing the area to be welded of the aluminum alloy plate into a wedge shape so that the aluminum alloy plate can be embedded into the butt joint groove formed in the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the weld joint between the resin-based carbon fiber reinforced composite sheet material and the aluminum alloy sheet material, wherein in FIG. 4, (a) is a top view and a side view of the aluminum alloy sheet material after processing, and (b) is a top view and a side view of the resin-based carbon fiber reinforced composite sheet material after processing, and the dimension unit is mm;
in the embodiment, the aluminum alloy plate is 5083P-O aluminum alloy, the carbon fiber model adopted by the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate is T700, the matrix resin is PA6, the carbon fiber prepreg is a unidirectional tape with 0.3mm of each layer, the layering mode is 0/90 DEG vertical superposition, ten layers are totally superimposed, and the resin-based carbon fiber composite material is integrally molded in a hot press molding mode. The CFRP plate thickness was 3mm, the carbon fiber volume fraction was 70%, and the PA6 volume fraction was 30%.
S2, preprocessing a welding plate: polishing and cleaning a to-be-welded area of the to-be-welded resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate and the aluminum alloy plate,and carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the to-be-welded area of the aluminum alloy plate, wherein the anodic oxidation electrolyte comprises the components of H 2 SO 4 120g/L、H 3 PO 4 60g/L、H 3 BO 3 3g/L; the oxidation voltage is 20V, the oxidation time is 20min, and the anodic oxidation temperature is 10 ℃;
s3, embedding a wedge-shaped to-be-welded area of the aluminum alloy plate into a pair of lap joint grooves on the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate to form a to-be-welded assembly, placing the to-be-welded assembly on a workbench 10 of a welding system, and paving a mica sheet on the welding area of the to-be-welded assembly; then the heating coil 21 and the pressure device 30 of the induction welder 20 are arranged above the welding area of the components to be welded, and a welding system is started to start welding;
in the welding process, an infrared thermometer of a welding control center monitors the temperature of the surface of a welding area in real time, and a running control part, an induction electric control part and a pressure control part control the welding process according to the temperature of the surface of the welding area, so that when the temperature of the surface of the welding area reaches a set temperature, a running gear 40 drives an induction welding machine 20 and a pressure device 30 to run forwards along the welding direction, the pressure device 30 applies pressure to the welding area heated by a heating coil 21, and a welding interface is pressed, so that continuous welding of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material and the aluminum alloy is realized.
In this example, the set temperature is 290 ℃, the running speed of the running device 40 driving the induction welder 20 and the pressure device 30 to run forward along the welding direction is 10mm/s, the pressure applied by the pressure device 30 to the welding area heated by the heating coil 21 is 120N, and the heating rate of the heating coil of the induction welder is adjusted according to the running speed and the set temperature.
Comparative example one
The comparative example is identical to the welding system and welding parameters used in the first embodiment, except that the step s1 of welding joint processing is not performed in the comparative example, the aluminum alloy plate and the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate are formed into an aluminum alloy plate at the upper part in the step s3, the lap joint of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate at the lower part is welded, and the size of the lap joint part is identical to the embedding size of the aluminum alloy plate embedded into the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate in the first embodiment.
Comparative example two
The welding system and welding parameters used in this comparative example were the same as those used in example one, except that this comparative example did not anodize the to-be-welded region of the aluminum alloy sheet in step s2 of the welding method.
The tensile tests were carried out on the welded joints of the resin-based carbon fiber composite materials obtained in the first example, the comparative example and the aluminum alloy respectively, and the test results are as follows:
| welded joint | Tensile Properties |
| Example 1 | Maximum tensile force 10608N |
| Comparative example one | Maximum tensile force 8754N |
| Comparative example two | Maximum tensile force of 5562N |
Therefore, the method can greatly improve the mechanical property of the welding joint. Moreover, the lap joint has a problem of poor tensile properties and a problem of poor fatigue properties, because the lap joint is liable to have a large stress concentration during tensile stress, causing joint damage, particularly during fatigue, and therefore, a great deal of research has revealed that the lap joint has poor fatigue properties.
The applicant also observed the welded joints of example one and comparative example two by XPS characterization and scanning electron microscopy. Through XPS analysis, the welding joint interface obtained in the second comparative example only has mechanical binding force and has no molecular bond. The weld joint interface of the first embodiment forms a new bond, presumably connecting the resin and oxide film, allowing for very intimate bonding of the two materials. Thereby improving the bonding force of the interface and increasing the joint strength. Fig. 5 is a graphical view of the interface between the first and second embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 5 (a) shows a welded joint interface obtained in comparative example two, and (b) shows a welded joint interface obtained in example one. By observing the appearance of the interface of the welded joint, only a small part of the interface of the welded joint obtained in the second comparative example is connected, and a large number of gaps exist at the interface, so that the strength of the joint is very low because the aluminum alloy itself and the resin cannot react and the smooth surface undulation is small and the mechanical bonding strength is low. The welded joint obtained in example one forms an oxide film on the surface, which is very tightly bonded with the resin and has no gaps, and part of the area is seen to be even fused with the resin, so that the tensile strength of the joint is high.
Example two
The present example is the same as the welding system used in the first example, except that in step s2 of the welding method, the anodic oxidation treatment is performed on the region to be welded of the aluminum alloy sheet material with the composition of H, and the oxidation parameters are set 2 SO 4 100g/L、H 3 PO 4 50g/L、H 3 BO 3 2g/L; the oxidation voltage was 22V, the oxidation time was 25min, and the temperature of the anodic oxidation was 15 ℃.
Example III
The present example is the same as the welding system used in the first example, except that in step s2 of the welding method, the anodic oxidation treatment is performed on the region to be welded of the aluminum alloy sheet material with the composition of H, and the oxidation parameters are set 2 SO 4 140g/L、H 3 PO 4 70g/L、H 3 BO 3 4g/L; oxidationThe voltage was 16V, the oxidation time was 15min, and the temperature of the anodic oxidation was 5 ℃.
Claims (6)
1. A welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite-aluminum alloy welding system comprising a workbench (10), an induction welder (20) and a pressure device (30) capable of applying pressure to a welded plate on the workbench (10), characterized by: the welding system further comprises a running gear (40) and a welding control center;
the running gear (40) can make the heating coil (21) and the pressure device (30) of the induction welder (20) run along the welding direction, and in the running process, the pressure device (30) is behind the heating coil (21) along the welding direction;
the pressure device (30) comprises a belt type pressure head (31), the belt type pressure head (31) comprises a central shaft (31 a) fixedly connected with a pressure rod (32) of the pressure device (30), three hydraulic rods (31 b), three rollers (31 c) and a belt (31 d) supported by the three rollers (31 c), one end of the hydraulic rod (31 b) is connected with the central shaft (31 a), and the other end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a wheel shaft of the rollers (31 c); the pressure control part of the welding control center controls the output pressure of the pressure device (30) and the length of the hydraulic rod (31 b) of the belt type pressure head (31);
the welding system further comprises a cooling device, wherein the cooling device is used for cooling the welding interface while the pressure device (30) compresses the welding interface so as to convert the resin in the molten resin-based carbon fiber composite material into a solidification state; the cooling device comprises cooling liquid circulation equipment, a belt (31 d) of the pressure device (30) is of a hollow structure, and a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet which are connected with the cooling liquid circulation device are arranged on the inner ring of the belt (31 d);
the welding control center comprises an infrared thermometer capable of monitoring the surface temperature of a welding area in real time, a travel control part for controlling the travel device (40) to act, an induction electric control part for controlling the induction electric output of the induction welder (20) and a pressure control part for controlling the pressure device (30) to act;
the welding method comprises the following steps:
s1, processing a welded joint: forming a butt joint groove in the section to be welded of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate, and processing the area to be welded of the aluminum alloy plate into a wedge shape so that the aluminum alloy plate can be embedded into the butt joint groove formed in the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate; the depth of the opposite lap joint groove formed in the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate is 8-12 times of the thickness of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate;
s2, preprocessing a welding plate: polishing and cleaning a to-be-welded area of the resin matrix carbon fiber composite plate and the aluminum alloy plate, and performing anodic oxidation treatment on the to-be-welded area of the aluminum alloy plate, wherein the anodic oxidation electrolyte comprises H 2 SO 4 100g/L～140g/L、H 3 PO 4 50g/L～70g/L、H 3 BO 3 2g/L to 4g/L; the oxidation voltage is 16V-22V, the oxidation time is 15 min-25 min, and the anodic oxidation temperature is 5-15 ℃;
s3, embedding a wedge-shaped to-be-welded area of the aluminum alloy plate into a butt joint groove on the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate to form a to-be-welded assembly, placing the to-be-welded assembly on a workbench (10) of a welding system, placing a heating coil (21) and a pressure device (30) of an induction welder (20) above the welding area of the to-be-welded assembly, and starting the welding system to start welding;
in the welding process, an infrared thermometer of a welding control center monitors the temperature of the surface of a welding area in real time, and a running control part, an induction electric control part and a pressure control part control the welding process according to the temperature of the surface of the welding area, so that when the temperature of the surface of the welding area reaches a set temperature, a running gear (40) drives an induction welding machine (20) and a pressure device (30) to run forwards along the welding direction, the pressure device (30) applies pressure to the welding area heated by a heating coil (21) to compress a welding interface, and continuous welding of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material and an aluminum alloy is realized.
2. The welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite-aluminum alloy welding system according to claim 1, wherein: the running gear (40) of the welding system comprises guide rails (41) fixed on two sides of the workbench (10), guide wheels (42) capable of rolling along the guide rails (41) and supporting frames (43) fixed on the guide wheels (42), and the heating coil (21) and the pressure device (30) of the induction welder (20) are fixedly connected with the supporting frames (43) of the running gear (40); a travel control unit of the welding control center controls the guide wheel (42) to travel on the guide rail (41).
3. The welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite-aluminum alloy welding system according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate is 3-10mm, the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is 3-10mm, and the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is 70-130% of the thickness of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material plate.
4. The welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite-aluminum alloy welding system according to claim 1, wherein: the resin matrix of the resin-based carbon fiber composite material comprises PE, PP, PA, PC, PPS, PEEK.
5. The welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite-aluminum alloy welding system according to claim 1, wherein: in the welding process, the pressure applied by the pressure device (30) to the welding area heated by the heating coil (21) is 100N-140N.
6. The welding method of a resin-based carbon fiber composite-aluminum alloy welding system according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the component to be welded is placed on a workbench (10) of a welding system, and before welding is started, mica sheets are paved in a welding area of the component to be welded.
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