CN112354888A - Annular weighing and sorting device and method for fruits - Google Patents
Annular weighing and sorting device and method for fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN112354888A CN112354888A CN202011344249.6A CN202011344249A CN112354888A CN 112354888 A CN112354888 A CN 112354888A CN 202011344249 A CN202011344249 A CN 202011344249A CN 112354888 A CN112354888 A CN 112354888A
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 262
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/16—Sorting according to weight
- B07C5/28—Sorting according to weight using electrical control means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/16—Sorting according to weight
- B07C5/18—Sorting according to weight using a single stationary weighing mechanism
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/009—Sorting of fruit
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- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
An annular fruit weighing and sorting device and method comprises an annular fruit conveyor, wherein the annular fruit conveyor comprises a fruit conveying mechanism and a fruit weighing and overturning mechanism; the fruit conveying mechanism comprises a rotary table, and fruit bearing hoppers are circumferentially distributed at the upper end of the rotary table; the fruit bearing bucket comprises a bucket cup, a turnover frame and a base; one end of the bucket cup is supported by the roll-over stand, and the end far away from the hinged point is hinged with the roll-over stand, the upper end of the roll-over stand is hinged with the base, and the lower end of the roll-over stand is clamped with the base through an elastic rotating piece; the material fruit tilting mechanism that weighs includes fixed mounting at the epaxial annular plate in center, and a plurality of striking mechanisms are installed along the circumferencial direction to the annular plate upper end, and the annular plate lower extreme is equipped with the board that resets, has inlayed weighing sensor on the board that resets, and weighing sensor supports and weighs to fighting the cup. The annular weighing and sorting device and method for the fruits, provided by the invention, can save the floor area and facilitate the conveying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to fruit weighing and sorting equipment, in particular to an annular fruit weighing and sorting device and method, which aim at round fruits such as oranges and oranges.
Background
The existing fruit grading (weighing and sorting) generally adopts linear conveying, namely, the fruit is conveyed from an initial feeding belt conveyor to a middle one-way arrangement conveyor for discharging and is sorted to a final fruit cup conveyor, the whole production line is of a front-back butt joint linear structure, the length is between 10 and 20 meters, so that the requirements on a factory building are met, the fruit is inconvenient to transport after leaving the factory, and the usability is not large for small-batch manufacturers.
The existing unidirectional arrangement conveyor adopts two belts to convey forward at different speeds to realize single-row conveying of the fruits, and because a single channel is not formed between the two belts, the fruits can be dispersed, but the single conveying of the fruits cannot be completely guaranteed. Therefore, the excessive nuts can fall from two sides. Because this application is loop configuration, the interior outside is inconvenient to the collection of unnecessary material fruit. In addition, many other single-row conveying devices are not completely suitable for the fruit due to fruit damage.
The existing fruit cup conveyor for weighing and sorting the material fruits is generally chain conveying, the fruit cups can be overturned left and right, the stability is poor, and the fruit cup conveyor is not suitable for disc rotary conveying.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an annular weighing and sorting device and method for fruits, which can be used for annularly sorting and weighing fruits and have the advantages of simple and reliable structure and small occupied area.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the annular weighing and sorting device for the fruits comprises a lifting conveyor, wherein the output end of the lifting conveyor is opposite to the feeding position of a unidirectional fruit arrangement conveyor, and the output end of the unidirectional fruit arrangement conveyor is opposite to the feeding position of the annular fruit arrangement conveyor; a fruit collecting hopper is fixed at the outer side of the fruit annular conveyor;
the unidirectional material and fruit arrangement conveyor comprises a forward belt conveyor, and reverse belt conveyors are distributed on the left side and the right side of the forward belt conveyor; the upper surfaces of the forward belt conveyor and the reverse belt conveyor are flush and form a conveying end surface, a guide guardrail is mounted at the upper end of the conveying end surface, the guide guardrail and the front part of the conveying end surface form a one-way channel, and the guide guardrail and the rear part of the conveying end surface form a material collecting area;
the material fruit annular conveyor comprises a material fruit conveying mechanism and a material fruit weighing and overturning mechanism;
the fruit conveying mechanism comprises a support, a rotary table is mounted on the support, the lower end of the rotary table is driven by a chain conveying mechanism, and fruit bearing buckets are circumferentially distributed at the upper end of the rotary table; the fruit bearing hopper comprises a hopper cup, a turnover frame and a base; one end of the bucket cup is supported by the roll-over stand, the end far away from the hinged point is hinged with the roll-over stand, the upper end of the roll-over stand is hinged with the base, and the lower end of the roll-over stand is clamped with the base through an elastic rotating piece;
the fruit weighing and overturning mechanism comprises an annular plate fixedly arranged on a central shaft of the bracket, a plurality of shifting mechanisms are arranged at the upper end of the annular plate along the circumferential direction, and the shifting mechanisms overturn the overturning frame bearing the fruit hopper; a reset plate is arranged at the lower end of the annular plate and positioned at the output end of the forward belt conveyor, a weighing sensor is embedded on the reset plate, and the weighing sensor supports and weighs the bucket cup;
the carousel includes a fixed section of thick bamboo, and a fixed section of thick bamboo passes through the bearing rotatable installation on the center pin of support, and a fixed section of thick bamboo circumference is equipped with a plurality of backup pads, and the backup pad is connected with annular layer board, is fixed with a plurality of erection locating piece on the annular layer board.
The bucket cup comprises a cup body, brackets are arranged on the left and right sides of the lower end of the cup body, hinged plates are arranged on the front and back of the lower end of the cup body, and a first positioning block is fixed on one side of the cup body.
The overturning frame comprises a frame body, and the front and the back of the upper end of the frame body are respectively hinged with the hinged plate and the base; a second positioning block is integrally formed in the middle of the frame body and is opposite to the first positioning block.
The elastic rotating piece comprises a first limiting plate, a second limiting plate and a poking plate, the first limiting plate, the second limiting plate, the poking plate and the sleeve are integrally manufactured, the sleeve is rotatably installed on the left side plate and the right side plate of the frame body through a pin shaft, a clamping head is arranged at the bottom end of the poking plate, and the clamping head is located on one side of the limiting plate of the base.
The poking mechanism comprises an elastic sheet, the side end of the elastic sheet inclines inwards, the upper end of the elastic sheet inclines upwards along the running direction of the annular fruit rack, an electromagnet is fixed at the bottom end of the elastic sheet, and the adsorption end of the electromagnet is opposite to the adsorption rod on the elastic sheet.
The reset plate comprises a horizontal part and an inclined part, wherein the inclined part is the same as the running direction of the fruit bearing hopper from low to high.
An emergency stop switch is arranged at the output end of the forward belt conveyor, and a trigger head of the emergency stop switch is positioned above the fruit bearing hopper.
And a photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the toggle mechanism close to the emergency stop switch.
An annular weighing and sorting method comprises the following steps:
step 1), pouring the fruits into a feed hopper at the lower end of a lifting conveyor, conveying the fruits along with the lifting conveyor and gradually entering a fruit one-way arrangement conveyor, and feeding the fruits into a one-way channel along with a forward belt conveyor and one by one into a fruit bearing hopper of an annular fruit conveyor; in the one-way conveying process, the fruits at the inlet of the one-way channel are continuously conveyed back by a reverse belt conveyor, so that blockage is avoided;
and step 2), after the material fruits are fed into the fruit bearing hopper, the fruit bearing hopper is driven by the rotary table to rotate at a constant speed. When the fruit bearing hopper passes through the reset plate, the weighing sensor is used for weighing, when the fruit bearing hopper passes through the corresponding shifting mechanism, the electromagnet in the shifting mechanism is attracted, the corresponding fruit bearing hopper is turned over, and the fruits fall into the corresponding fruit collecting hopper;
step 3), when the fruit bearing hopper reaches the tail part of the overturning area, if the fruit bearing hopper still carries the fruits, no matter the weight, once the photoelectric switch detects the fruits, the shifting mechanism at the position acts, the fruit bearing hopper is overturned, and the fruits fall down;
and 4) resetting the turned fruit bearing hopper after passing through the resetting plate again, and then receiving the materials again.
The invention relates to an annular weighing and sorting device and method for fruits, which have the following technical effects:
1) the traditional overlong linear grader is changed into an annular grader, so that the occupied area can be reduced, the method is suitable for small-batch production, and the transportation is convenient; the original chain transmission mechanism is changed into the turntable drive, so that the failure rate of chain damage and the like can be reduced, and the production efficiency is further improved; install the original fruit of holding and fight and change fixed mounting into on the carousel into on the chain to the structure of holding the fruit and fighting improves, need not the guide rail like this, retrencies the mechanism, also makes things convenient for simultaneously to weigh, just in the rotatory in-process. In conclusion, a linear classifier is changed into an annular classifier, so that the linear classifier is not only improved in form, but also the driving mechanism, the fruit bearing hopper and the like of the annular fruit feeding conveyor are improved in order to meet the requirements of stability, turnover, weighing and the like of the fruit bearing hopper during annular conveying, the classification, weighing and sorting are accurate and reliable, the fault rate is low, and the occupied area is small.
2) The unidirectional material and fruit arrangement conveyor is composed of the forward belt conveyor, the reverse belt conveyor and the guide guardrails, unidirectional conveying is completed, fruit is guaranteed not to be damaged, and meanwhile fruit cannot be blocked.
3) The middle of the bucket cup is hinged with the turnover frame, one end of the bucket cup is supported by the turnover frame, and the other end of the bucket cup is limited by the limiting column, so that relative to fixed installation, when the fruits fall onto the bucket cup, the bucket cup can be turned over around the turnover frame in a small range, and certain buffering is achieved; roll-over stand upper end and base are articulated and the lower extreme utilizes the relation of elastic rotation piece and base joint, after bearing fruit and fighting and reacing a certain position, utilizes toggle mechanism directly to make elastic rotation piece and base break away from the joint relation, can realize the upset like this and unload, and the later stage can directly reset when the board that resets, and is simple high-efficient.
4) The shifting mechanism is arranged on the annular plate and located on the inner ring of the annular material fruit rack, and the electromagnet is used for driving the elastic sheet to overturn, so that the fruit hopper can overturn, and the structure is simple and reliable.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the unidirectional fruit arrangement conveyor of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fruit conveying mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the fruit conveying mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the turntable according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the fruit receiving bucket of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the fruit receiving bucket of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the bucket cup of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the bucket cup of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the roll-over stand and the base of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the elastic rotation member according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fruit bowl of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the weighing and turning mechanism of the Chinese nuts.
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of the weighing and turning mechanism of the Chinese nuts.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a toggle mechanism in the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a partial structure schematic view of the annular conveyor for the Chinese nuts.
Fig. 18 is a partially enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 17.
Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a fruit collecting hopper in the invention.
Fig. 20 is a partially enlarged schematic view at B in fig. 19.
In the figure: a lifting conveyor 1, a fruit unidirectional arrangement conveyor 2, a fruit annular conveyor 3, a fruit conveying mechanism 4, a fruit weighing and overturning mechanism 5, a fruit collecting hopper 6, a forward belt conveyor 2-1, a reverse belt conveyor 2-2, a guide guardrail 2-3, a unidirectional channel 2-4, a material collecting area 2-5, a bracket 4-1, a turntable 4-2, a chain conveying mechanism 4-3, a fruit bearing hopper 4-4, a hopper cup 4-5, a turnover frame 4-6, a base 4-7, an elastic rotating member 4-8, a fixed cylinder 4-9, a central shaft 4-10, a support plate 4-11, an annular supporting plate 4-12, a mounting and positioning block 4-13, a cup body 4-14, a bracket 4-15, a hinged plate 4-16 and a first positioning block 4-17, 4-18 parts of a frame body, 4-19 parts of a second positioning block, 4-20 parts of a first limiting plate, 4-21 parts of a second limiting plate, 4-22 parts of a poking plate, 4-23 parts of a sleeve, 4-24 parts of a clamping head, 4-25 parts of a limiting plate, 4-26 parts of a limiting column, 5-1 parts of an emergency stop switch, 5-2 parts of a photoelectric switch, 5-3 parts of a ring plate, 5-4 parts of a poking mechanism, 5-5 parts of a reset plate, 5-6 parts of a weighing sensor, 5-7 parts of an elastic sheet, 5-8 parts of an electromagnet, 5-9 parts of a suction rod, 5-10 parts.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2, an annular weighing and sorting device for fruits comprises a lifting conveyor 1, wherein a hopper is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting conveyor 1 and used for loading fruits. The output end of the lifting conveyor 1 is opposite to the feeding position of the unidirectional fruit material arrangement conveyor 2, and the unidirectional fruit material arrangement conveyor 2 is used for arranging the piled fruit materials in a single row and outputting the fruit materials at a certain speed. The output end of the fruit unidirectional arrangement conveyor 2 is opposite to the feeding part of the fruit annular conveyor 3, and the fruit annular conveyor 3 is used for weighing, sorting and then turning over and falling down the fruits. A fruit collecting hopper 6 is fixed on the outer side of the fruit ring conveyor 3, and the fruit collecting hopper 6 is used for collecting fruits.
As shown in figure 3, the unidirectional fruit arrangement conveyor 2 comprises a forward belt conveyor 2-1, and the width of the forward belt conveyor 2-1 is slightly larger than that of the fruit. Reverse belt conveyors 2-2 are distributed on the left side and the right side of the forward belt conveyor 2-1. The forward belt conveyor 2-1 conveys forward, and the reverse belt conveyor 2-2 conveys backward.
The upper surfaces of the forward belt conveyor 2-1 and the reverse belt conveyor 2-2 are flush and form a conveying end face, the upper end of the conveying end face is provided with a guide guardrail 2-3, the guide guardrail 2-3 and the front part of the conveying end face form a one-way channel 2-4, and the guide guardrail 2-3 and the rear part of the conveying end face form a material collecting area 2-5.
When the fruit harvester works, the fruits are conveyed forwards when falling onto the forward belt conveyor 2-1 and conveyed backwards when falling onto the reverse belt conveyor 2-2. The fruits are sequentially arranged and conveyed when passing through the one-way channels 2-4. Due to the backward action of the reverse belt conveyor 2-2, it is possible to avoid a blockage at the input end of the one-way channel 2-4.
The material fruit annular conveyor 3 comprises a material fruit conveying mechanism 4 and a material fruit weighing and overturning mechanism 5, wherein the material fruit conveying mechanism 4 is used for carrying out annular circumferential conveying on the material fruits, so that the occupied area is reduced. And the material fruit weighing and overturning mechanism 5 is used for weighing and overturning the material fruits.
As shown in figures 4-6, the fruit conveying mechanism 4 comprises a support 4-1, a rotary table 4-2 is mounted on the support 4-1, the rotary table 4-2 comprises a central shaft 4-10 mounted on a fixed plate on the support 4-1, and a fixed cylinder 4-9 is rotatably mounted on the central shaft 4-10 through a bearing. A plurality of supporting plates 4-11 are welded at the upper end of the fixed cylinder 4-9 in the circumferential direction, the supporting plates 4-11 are connected with an annular supporting plate 4-12, and a plurality of mounting positioning blocks 4-13 are fixed on the annular supporting plate 4-12.
The lower end of the fixed cylinder 4-9 is provided with a transmission chain wheel, the corresponding fixed plate is provided with a short shaft through a bearing, the short shaft is provided with a driving chain wheel, a chain is wound on the transmission chain wheel and the driving chain wheel and forms a chain transmission mechanism 4-3 with the transmission chain wheel and the driving chain wheel, and the motor drives the chain transmission mechanism 4-3 to rotate so as to drive the rotary disc 4-2 to rotate.
As shown in fig. 5, a fruit bearing bucket 4-4 is fixed at the upper end of each installation positioning block 4-13, and a small gap is kept between the adjacent fruit bearing buckets 4-4. The fruit bearing hopper 4-4 is used for loading the material fruits.
As shown in figures 7-8, the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 comprises a hopper cup 4-5, a turning frame 4-6 and a base 4-7. Wherein, one end of the bucket cup 4-5 is completely supported by the roll-over stand 4-6, the middle of the bucket cup 4-5 is hinged with the roll-over stand 4-6, and the other end of the bucket cup 4-5 limits the rotation of the bucket cup 4-5 through the limit post 4-26. Thus, the bucket cup 4-5 is arranged on the turning frame 4-6 and can not be turned over randomly. The upper end of the roll-over stand 4-6 is hinged with the base 4-7, and the lower end is clamped with the base 4-7 through the elastic rotating piece 4-8. When the elastic rotating piece 4-8 is separated from the base 4-7, the overturning frame 4-6 overturns around the hinge point to drive the hopper cup 4-5 to overturn, so that the fruits in the hopper cup 4-5 fall down from the overturned side. The base 4-7 is fixed on the mounting positioning block 4-13 and rotates along with the mounting positioning block 4-13.
As shown in figures 9-10, the bucket cup 4-5 comprises a cup body 4-14, and the middle of the cup body 4-14 is downwards sunken to form a containing cavity. The left and right sides of the lower end of the cup body 4-14 are provided with brackets 4-15, and the lower end of the bracket 4-15 is lower than the lower end of the left and right cantilever of the frame body 4-18. The bracket 4-15 is mainly used for later weighing through the weighing sensor 5-6. Hinge plates 4-16 are arranged at the front and the back of the lower ends of the cup bodies 4-14, and a hinge point is arranged between the hinge plates 4-16. A first positioning block 4-17 is fixed on one side of the cup body 4-14, and the first positioning block 4-17 is used for contacting with a second positioning block 4-19 on the roll-over stand 4-6 to form a support. One end of the hinge plate 4-16 at one side, which is far away from the first positioning block 4-17, is provided with a limiting column 4-26, and the limiting column 4-26 keeps a small distance with the cantilever of the frame body 4-18. This allows the cup body 4-14 to pivot about the hinge point on the hinge plates 4-16 for a short range of movement, with some cushioning as the fruit falls.
As shown in fig. 11, the roll-over stand 4-6 comprises a stand body 4-18, cantilevers are arranged on the left and right of the stand body 4-18, the front ends of the two cantilevers are hinged with hinge plates 4-16 on the bucket cups 4-5, the rear ends of the two cantilevers are hinged with left and right side plates on the base 4-7, and the roll-over stand 4-6 can turn over around the hinge points in the later period. The middle of the frame body 4-18 is integrally provided with a second positioning block 4-19, the second positioning block 4-19 is opposite to the first positioning block 4-17, and the first positioning block 4-17 is supported by the second positioning block 4-19.
As shown in fig. 11-13, an elastic rotation member 4-8 is installed at the lower end of the frame body 4-18, the elastic rotation member 4-8 includes a first limit plate 4-20, a second limit plate 4-21 and a toggle plate 4-22, the first limit plate 4-20, the second limit plate 4-21 and the toggle plate 4-22 are integrated with a sleeve 4-23, and the sleeve 4-23 is rotatably installed on the left and right side plates of the frame body 4-18 through a pin. The first limit plate 4-20 and the second limit plate 4-21 are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the vertical partition plate of the frame body 4-18, the poking plate 4-22 extends out of the frame body 4-18 for a certain length, the bottom end of the poking plate 4-22 is provided with a clamping head 4-24, and the clamping head 4-24 is positioned at one side of the limit plate 4-25 of the base 4-7. The overturning of the overturning frame 4-6 can be limited by the clamping head 4-24.
When the fruit is required to be turned at the later stage, the poking plates 4-22 can be driven to move upwards through the fruit weighing and turning mechanism 5, at the moment, the clamping heads 4-24 turn over the limiting plates 4-25 leftwards, the bucket cups 4-5 and the turning frames 4-6 are integrally unbalanced, the bucket cups 4-5 and the turning frames 4-6 rotate clockwise and are integrally inclined rightwards, and the fruits fall from the right end, namely fall out of the outer side of the turntable 4-2 and fall into the corresponding fruit collecting bucket 6.
As shown in figures 14-15, the fruit weighing and overturning mechanism 5 comprises an annular plate 5-3 arranged on a central shaft 4-10 of a bracket 4-1, the annular plate 5-3 is fixed on the central shaft 4-10 and is positioned on an annular supporting plate 4-12, and the annular plate 5-3 is divided into a weighing area and an overturning area according to functions.
In the weighing area, namely the feeding position of the annular fruit feeding conveyor 3, a reset plate 5-5 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the annular plate 5-3, the reset plate 5-5 comprises a horizontal part 5-10 and an inclined part 5-11, wherein the inclined part 5-11 is in the same running direction as the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 from low to high, and the higher end of the inclined part is connected with the horizontal part 5-10. When the fruit bearing bucket 4-4 is kept horizontal, the upper surface of the horizontal part 5-10 contacts with the bracket 4-15 of the fruit bearing bucket 4-4 and slightly lifts the bracket 4-15. Because the horizontal part 5-10 is embedded with the weighing sensor 5-6, the upper surface of the weighing sensor 5-6 is flush with the upper surface of the horizontal part 5-10, and the weighing can be finished through the weighing sensor 5-6. When the fruit bearing bucket 4-4 is in a turnover state, the lowest end of the inclined part 5-11 is not in contact with the bracket 4-15 of the fruit bearing bucket 4-4, so that the fruit bearing bucket 4-4 enters the highest end of the inclined part 5-11 from the lowest end of the inclined part 5-11 and finally falls to the horizontal part 5-10 in the rotation process of the fruit bearing bucket 4-4, the fruit bearing bucket 4-4 is gradually converted into the horizontal state from the turnover state, and the automatic reset of the fruit bearing bucket 4-4 is completed.
As shown in fig. 16, a plurality of toggle mechanisms 5-4 are installed in the flipping zone, wherein the toggle mechanisms 5-4 comprise elastic pieces 5-7, and the elastic pieces 5-7 are U-shaped metal sheets. The side ends of the elastic pieces 5-7 are inclined inwards when not stressed, the upper ends of the elastic pieces 5-7 are inclined upwards along the running direction of the annular fruit rack, the bottom ends of the elastic pieces 5-7 are fixed with electromagnets 5-8, and the electromagnets 5-8 are arranged in the shell. The corresponding elastic sheet 5-7 is provided with an absorption rod 5-9, and the absorption rod 5-9 extends into the shell to be absorbed or separated from the absorption end of the electromagnet 5-8. Aiming at the overturning area, the controller can set a plurality of weight ranges according to actual requirements, and each weight range corresponds to one toggle mechanism 5-4. In the process of rotating the annular fruit rack, the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 with the fruits passes through the shifting mechanism 5-4, if the weight of the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 is within the weight range corresponding to the shifting mechanism 5-4, the electromagnet 5-8 is electrified to generate attraction, the elastic sheet 5-7 is attracted, the side end of the elastic sheet 5-7 is in a vertical state, the shifting plate 11 of the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 is bounced when passing through the elastic sheet 5-7, so that the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 is overturned, and the fruits in the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 fall into a corresponding container. If the weight of the fruit bearing bucket 4-4 is not in the weight range corresponding to the toggle mechanism 5-4, the electromagnet 5-8 is not electrified.
As shown in figure 17, an emergency stop switch 5-1 is arranged at the feeding position of the annular fruit rack, and a trigger head of the emergency stop switch 5-1 is positioned above the fruit bearing hopper 4-4. The emergency stop switch 5-1 is positioned at the tail part of the overturning area, and the trigger head of the emergency stop switch 5-1 has certain flexibility and is made of an elastic metal rod or a spring. When some previous toggle mechanism 5-4 or other devices have faults to cause the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 to have the fruit, the fruit passes through the emergency stop switch 5-1 to trigger the emergency stop switch 5-1, so that the device is stopped emergently to take down the fruit. Thus, the situation that the fruits are clamped into the blanking mechanism or influence the blanking is avoided.
As shown in figure 17, a photoelectric switch 5-2 is arranged on one side of the toggle mechanism 5-4 close to the scram switch 5-1. The photoelectric switch 5-2 is used for detecting whether the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 passing through the tail part of the turnover area has the fruits or not, if so, the toggle mechanism 5-4 at the position is started to directly turn over the fruit bearing hopper 4-4, and the fruits are ensured to fall completely.
In the device, the electric control principle of weighing and grading adopts the electric control principle in the patent with the application number of ' 201010228673.4 ', the fruit weighing and grading system and the weighing method adopting the DSP processing module and the intelligent algorithm '. The weighing sensors 5-6 are connected with the signal preprocessing module, the DSP processing module, the PLC and the electromagnets 5-8 of the shifting mechanism 5-4 in sequence. The signal preprocessing module is responsible for preprocessing the output signals of the real-time symmetrical retransmission sensors 5-6 such as amplification and filtering. When the fruit bearing bucket 4-4 passes through the weighing area, the DSP processing module calculates the accurate weight information borne by the fruit bearing bucket 4-4 in real time and converts the information into a 4-20mA standard signal for output. The PLC regularly acquires standard signals output by the DSP processing module, judges the grade of fruits, tracks the fruit grade in real time, controls the fruit unloading action of the electromagnets 5-8 and controls the grading speed of a variable frequency motor driving the annular material fruit rack to rotate. The PC machine monitors the whole fruit grading process in real time.
The fruit collecting hopper 6 comprises an inner hard plate, and a sponge layer and a cortical layer are coated outside the hard plate. Therefore, the material fruit can play a good buffering role when falling, and fruit damage is reduced.
As shown in fig. 19, an opening and closing door 6-1 is installed on one side of the fruit collecting hopper 6, and the opening and closing door 6-1 is connected with a connecting rear baffle 6-3 through a flexible connecting plate 6-2. When the opening and closing door 6-1 is opened, the opening and closing door 6-1 is flush with the bottom surface of the fruit collecting hopper 6, and the flexible connecting plates 6-2 on two sides are unfolded. When the opening and closing door 6-1 is closed, the opening and closing door 6-1 is kept flush with the rear baffle 6-3 of the fruit collecting hopper 6, and the flexible connecting plate 6-2 is in a folded state.
As shown in figure 20, the opening and closing of the opening and closing door 6-1 is limited by a clamping mechanism 6-4, the clamping mechanism 6-4 comprises a central pin shaft 6-5 and a rotating pin shaft 6-6 which are fixed at the left side end and the right side end of the opening and closing door 6-1, a clamping plate 6-7 is fixed on a corresponding rear baffle 6-3, a first positioning hole 6-8 and a second positioning hole 6-9 are formed in the clamping plate 6-7, the first positioning hole 6-8 is triangular, and the second positioning hole 6-9 is in a special-shaped arc shape. The center pin 6-5 is inserted into the first positioning hole 6-8, the rotating pin 6-6 is inserted into the second positioning hole 6-9, and when the rotating pin 6-6 moves along the second positioning hole 6-9, the opening and closing door 6-1 can rotate 90 degrees around the first positioning hole 6-8.
The opening and closing door 6-1 is lifted upwards slightly, the central pin shaft 6-5 and the rotating pin shaft 6-6 move upwards for a small distance, then the opening and closing door 6-1 is rotated, the opening and closing door 6-1 rotates to be flush with the bottom plate of the fruit collecting hopper 6 relative to the first positioning hole 6-8, and the opening and closing door 6-1 can be opened by loosening the opening and closing door 6-1.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the output end of the unidirectional fruit feeding conveyer 2 is also provided with a peel-like fruit blocking strip, and the width of the fruit blocking strip is larger than that of the fruit bearing hopper 4-4, so that the fruit feeding can be prevented from jumping out of the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 during fruit feeding. In addition, an arc-shaped baffle is arranged above the reset plate 5-5, and the baffle also has the effect of preventing the fruits from jumping out.
The working principle and the process are as follows:
1) the method comprises the following steps of pouring the fruits into a feed hopper at the lower end of a lifting conveyor 1, conveying the fruits along with the lifting conveyor 1 and gradually entering a fruit one-way arrangement conveyor 2, and entering the fruits along with a forward belt conveyor 2-1 into a one-way channel 2-4 and one by one into a fruit bearing hopper 4-4 of a fruit annular conveyor 3; in the one-way conveying process, the fruits at the inlet of the one-way channel 2-4 are continuously fed back by the reverse belt conveyor 2-2, so that blockage is avoided.
2) After the fruits and the materials are fed into the fruit bearing hopper 4-4, the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 is driven by the rotary disc 4-2 to rotate at a constant speed. When the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 passes through the reset plate 5-5 and is weighed by the weighing sensor 5-6, when the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 passes through the corresponding shifting mechanism 5-4, the electromagnet 5-8 in the shifting mechanism 5-4 is attracted, the corresponding fruit bearing hopper 4-4 is overturned, and the fruits fall into the corresponding fruit collecting hopper 6.
3) When the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 reaches the tail part of the overturning area, if the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 still has the fruits, no matter the weight, once the photoelectric switch 5-2 detects the fruits, the toggle mechanism 5-4 at the position acts, the fruit bearing hopper 4-4 is overturned, and the fruits fall down.
4) And the turned fruit bearing hopper 4-4 is reset when passing through the reset plate 5-5 again, and then the material is received again.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a material fruit annular sorting unit that weighs which characterized in that: the fruit feeding device comprises a lifting conveyor (1), wherein the output end of the lifting conveyor (1) is opposite to the feeding position of a fruit unidirectional arrangement conveyor (2), the output end of the fruit unidirectional arrangement conveyor (2) is opposite to the feeding position of a fruit annular conveyor (3), and a fruit collecting hopper (6) is fixed on the outer side of the fruit annular conveyor (3);
the material fruit one-way arrangement conveyor (2) comprises a forward belt conveyor (2-1), and reverse belt conveyors (2-2) are distributed on the left side and the right side of the forward belt conveyor (2-1); the upper surfaces of the forward belt conveyor (2-1) and the reverse belt conveyor (2-2) are flush and form a conveying end surface, a guide guardrail (2-3) is mounted at the upper end of the conveying end surface, the guide guardrail (2-3) and the front part of the conveying end surface form a one-way channel (2-4), and the guide guardrail (2-3) and the rear part of the conveying end surface form a material collecting area (2-5);
the material fruit annular conveyor (3) comprises a material fruit conveying mechanism (4) and a material fruit weighing and overturning mechanism (5);
the fruit feeding mechanism (4) comprises a support (4-1), a rotary table (4-2) is mounted on the support (4-1), the lower end of the rotary table (4-2) is driven by a chain conveying mechanism (4-3), and fruit bearing buckets (4-4) are circumferentially distributed at the upper end of the rotary table (4-2); the fruit bearing hopper (4-4) comprises a hopper cup (4-5), a turnover frame (4-6) and a base (4-7); wherein one end of the bucket cup (4-5) is supported by the roll-over stand (4-6), the end far away from the hinged point is hinged with the roll-over stand (4-6), the upper end of the roll-over stand (4-6) is hinged with the base (4-7), and the lower end is clamped with the base (4-7) through an elastic rotating piece (4-8);
the fruit weighing and overturning mechanism (5) comprises an annular plate (5-3) fixedly arranged on a central shaft (4-10) of a support (4-1), a plurality of shifting mechanisms (5-4) are arranged at the upper end of the annular plate (5-3) along the circumferential direction, and the shifting mechanisms (5-4) overturn a turnover frame (4-6) of a fruit bearing hopper (4-4); the lower end of the annular plate (5-3) and the position at the output end of the forward belt conveyor (2-1) are provided with a reset plate (5-5), a weighing sensor (5-6) is embedded on the reset plate (5-5), and the weighing sensor (5-6) supports and weighs the bucket cup (4-5).
2. The annular fruit weighing and sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotary table (4-2) comprises a fixed cylinder (4-9), the fixed cylinder (4-9) is rotatably mounted on a central shaft (4-10) of the support (4-1) through a bearing, a plurality of supporting plates (4-11) are circumferentially arranged on the fixed cylinder (4-9), the supporting plates (4-11) are connected with annular supporting plates (4-12), and a plurality of mounting positioning blocks (4-13) are fixed on the annular supporting plates (4-12).
3. The annular fruit weighing and sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bucket cup (4-5) comprises a cup body (4-14), brackets (4-15) are arranged on the left and right sides of the lower end of the cup body (4-14), hinged plates (4-16) are arranged on the front and back sides of the lower end of the cup body (4-14), and a first positioning block (4-17) is fixed on one side of the cup body (4-14).
4. The annular fruit weighing and sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the turnover frame (4-6) comprises frame bodies (4-18), and the front and back of the upper ends of the frame bodies (4-18) are respectively hinged with the hinge plates (4-16) and the base (4-7); the middle of the frame body (4-18) is integrally formed with a second positioning block (4-19), and the second positioning block (4-19) is opposite to the first positioning block (4-17).
5. The annular fruit weighing and sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the elastic rotating piece (4-8) comprises a first limiting plate (4-20), a second limiting plate (4-21) and a shifting plate (4-22), the first limiting plate (4-20), the second limiting plate (4-21) and the shifting plate (4-22) are integrated with a sleeve (4-23), the sleeve (4-23) is rotatably installed on left and right side plates of a frame body (4-18) through a pin shaft, a clamping head (4-24) is arranged at the bottom end of the shifting plate (4-22), and the clamping head (4-24) is located on one side of a limiting plate (4-25) of a base (4-7).
6. The annular fruit weighing and sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the poking mechanism (5-4) comprises an elastic sheet (5-7), the side end of the elastic sheet (5-7) inclines inwards, the upper end of the elastic sheet (5-7) inclines upwards along the running direction of the annular fruit rack, an electromagnet (5-8) is fixed at the bottom end of the elastic sheet (5-7), and the adsorption end of the electromagnet (5-8) is opposite to the adsorption rod (5-9) on the elastic sheet (5-7).
7. The annular fruit weighing and sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reset plate (5-5) comprises a horizontal part (5-10) and an inclined part (5-11), wherein the direction of the inclined part (5-11) from low to high is the same as the running direction of the fruit bearing bucket (4-4).
8. The annular fruit weighing and sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an emergency stop switch (5-1) is arranged at the output end of the forward belt conveyor (2-1), and a trigger head of the emergency stop switch (5-1) is positioned above the fruit bearing bucket (4-4).
9. The annular fruit weighing and sorting device as claimed in claim 8, wherein: a photoelectric switch (5-2) is arranged at one side of the toggle mechanism (5-4) close to the emergency stop switch (5-10).
10. The method for weighing and sorting the fruits by the annular weighing and sorting device of claims 1-9 comprises the following steps:
step 1), pouring the fruits into a feed hopper at the lower end of a lifting conveyor (1), conveying the fruits along with the lifting conveyor (1) and gradually entering a fruit unidirectional arrangement conveyor (2), entering the unidirectional channels (2-4) along with a forward belt conveyor (2-1), and arranging the fruits one by one into a fruit bearing hopper (4-4) of an annular fruit conveyor (3); in the one-way conveying process, the fruits at the inlet of the one-way channel (2-4) are continuously fed back by the reverse belt conveyor (2-2) to avoid blockage;
step 2), after the material fruits are fed into a fruit bearing hopper (4-4), the fruit bearing hopper (4-4) is driven to rotate at a constant speed through a rotary disc (4-2);
when the fruit bearing hoppers (4-4) pass through the reset plates (5-5), weighing is finished by using the weighing sensors (5-6), when the fruit bearing hoppers (4-4) pass through the corresponding shifting mechanisms (5-4), the electromagnets (5-8) in the shifting mechanisms (5-4) are attracted, the corresponding fruit bearing hoppers (4-4) are turned over, and the fruits fall into the corresponding fruit collecting hoppers (6);
step 3), when the fruit bearing hopper (4-4) reaches the tail part of the overturning area, if the fruit bearing hopper (4-4) still carries the fruits, no matter the weight, once the photoelectric switch (5-2) detects, the toggle mechanism (5-4) at the position acts, and the fruit bearing hopper (4-4) is overturned, so that the fruits fall down;
and 4), resetting the turned fruit bearing hopper (4-4) when the turned fruit bearing hopper passes through the resetting plate (5-5) again, and then receiving the materials again.
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| CN202011344249.6A CN112354888A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Annular weighing and sorting device and method for fruits |
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| CN202011344249.6A CN112354888A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Annular weighing and sorting device and method for fruits |
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| CN112354888A true CN112354888A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
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| CN202011344249.6A Pending CN112354888A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Annular weighing and sorting device and method for fruits |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113369151A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-09-10 | 东莞市雅创自动化科技有限公司 | CCD (charge coupled device) detector for automatic feeding and discharging of sheets |
| CN113666051A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-19 | 崔浩然 | Intelligent surrounding type material conveying and distributing device for automatic production line |
| CN114700289A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-05 | 江苏城乡建设职业学院 | Fruit maturity detection separating mechanism based on color recognition |
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| CN114700289A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-05 | 江苏城乡建设职业学院 | Fruit maturity detection separating mechanism based on color recognition |
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