CN112352507A - No-tillage seeding and ditching device capable of reducing soil moisture evaporation in seeding zone and preventing blockage - Google Patents
No-tillage seeding and ditching device capable of reducing soil moisture evaporation in seeding zone and preventing blockage Download PDFInfo
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- CN112352507A CN112352507A CN202011273614.9A CN202011273614A CN112352507A CN 112352507 A CN112352507 A CN 112352507A CN 202011273614 A CN202011273614 A CN 202011273614A CN 112352507 A CN112352507 A CN 112352507A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
- A01C7/206—Seed pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The utility model provides a reduce seeding and take soil moisture evaporation and prevent no-tillage seeding ditching device who blocks up, includes: the three-side wedge structure body comprises a wedge body and a body support, wherein the wedge body is a three-side wedge, the curved surface of the wedge body is a torsion surface formed by a straight line moving along a guide curve and a line angle changing constantly, and the guide curve and the line angle change according to a decreasing rule; the body support consists of a support strip and a rectangular plate, and two ends of the support strip are respectively welded on the back of the wedge body and the surface of the rectangular plate; the lower half part of the shovel handle is provided with a long round hole connected with the rectangular plate; the ditching seed guiding structure body consists of a ditching shovel, a guide plate and a seed guiding pipe which are welded together in sequence, and the whole body is welded with the bottom of the shovel handle. The invention can realize the 'lifting-falling' operation process of the straw, the hilled soil and the weeds on the ground surface under the condition of ensuring the normal operation of the no-tillage seeding, not only can prevent blockage, but also can avoid the soil exposure of the seeding zone and reduce the water evaporation of the soil, and can reduce the operation power consumption of the whole machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an anti-blocking no-tillage seeding and ditching device capable of reducing soil moisture evaporation of a seeding zone.
Background
At present, the no-tillage planter mainly cleans straws, hills, weeds and the like in front of a furrow opener through chain type, disc type, belt-shaped rotary tillage type, grass poking wheel type and other anti-blocking devices to ensure effective operation of seeding operation. The devices are usually driven by power to cut off or pull open straws and weeds in a poking, cutting, throwing and other modes, so that the power consumption is high, the transmission structure is complex, the stability is poor, the operation efficiency is low, and the soil disturbance quantity is large. Particularly, under the action of the anti-blocking device, the straws are respectively arranged at the two sides of the sowing belt, so that the soil of the sowing belt is exposed in the atmosphere, the water in the soil is quickly evaporated, and the seeds are not favorable for sprouting and the root system growth. Therefore, a device which has a simple structure, less soil disturbance and low power consumption is urgently needed, and on the basis of ensuring the smooth operation of no-tillage seeding, the evaporation of soil moisture in a seeding zone is reduced, and the emergence rate and the grain yield are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the conventional no-tillage seeding anti-blocking device has large power consumption, a complex transmission structure, poor stability, low operation efficiency and large soil disturbance amount, and simultaneously, the moisture of the soil in the seeding belt is quickly evaporated after operation, the germination of seeds and the growth of root systems are seriously influenced, and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a reduce seeding and take soil moisture evaporation and prevent no-tillage seeding ditching device who blocks up, includes:
the three-side wedge structure body 1 consists of a wedge body 11 and a body support 12, wherein the wedge body 11 is a three-side wedge, the body support 12 consists of 2-3 supporting bars 121 and 1 rectangular plate 122, one end of each supporting bar 121 is sequentially welded on the back surface of the wedge body 11 in a linear or polygonal distribution mode, and the other end of each supporting bar 121 is welded on the surface of the rectangular plate 122;
the lower half part of the shovel handle 2 is provided with a long round hole which is used for connecting with the rectangular plate 122;
the ditching seed guiding structure body 3 consists of a ditching shovel 31, a guide plate 32 and a seed guiding pipe 33 which are welded together in sequence, and the whole structure is welded with the bottom of the shovel handle 2.
The width b of the wedge body 11 is 80-300 mm, the thickness s is 3-10 mm, the included angle alpha between the cutting edge line AB and the ground is 3-15 degrees, and the cutting edge width bAB1-5 mm, 5-45 degrees of outer cutting edge angle beta and height h of right sideline BCBC80-300 mm, 5-30 degree inclination angle delta, 80-500 mm radius r and central angle CDE
D is an arc line of the highest point, the arc length CD is 0.3-1 times of the arc length DE, the left side line EA is in straight line connection, and the curved surface of the wedge body 11 is ABCDE.
The curved surface ABCDE of the wedge 11 is a twisted surface formed by the straight line HI moving along the guide curve FG and the element line angle θ changing constantly, and both the guide curve FG and the element line angle θ change according to a decreasing rule.
The guide curve FG is a section of convex parabola and is positioned in a vertical plane N vertical to a ground surface line segment BF, wherein the length L of the ground surface line segment BFBF0.5 to 1.5b, the inclination angle is the initial angle theta of the line angle thetamaxThe derivative curve FG is represented by f (z), the slope f' (z) of which at the initial pointmax0.5 ~ 0.8, gradually decrease to f' (z)min＝f’(z)max- (0.7 to 1.2), initial angle theta of the element line angle thetamax40-80 DEG, and gradually reduced to thetamin＝θmax-(10°～30°)。
The thickness of each support strip 121 is 3-10 mm, the width is 15-50 mm, the length range is 50-500 mm, and the length L of the rectangular plate 122 is12260-120 mm, width W12240-100 mm thick S 1223 ~ 10mm, two round holes of vertical distribution in surface, the radius of two round holes equals, is r13-6 mm, center distance L122-115-50 mm, wherein the vertical distance L between the center of the circular hole at the lower end and the blade tip B of the wedge body 11122-2＝hBCAnd 2, two round holes are used for connecting the shovel shaft 2. Radius r of the oblong hole23-6 mm long L21100-300 mm, and the vertical distance L between the center point and the bottom end22＝100～200mm，
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
under the condition of ensuring normal operation of no-tillage seeding, the invention designs the no-tillage seeding ditching device with the three-side wedge structure, and utilizes the structural characteristics of the three-side wedge structure to realize the 'lifting-falling' operation process of straws, hills and weeds on the ground surface, and the straws and the weeds are respectively placed on the seeding belt again to reduce the evaporation of soil moisture in the seeding belt. The wedge curved surface is a torsion surface formed by the straight line moving along the guide curve and the line angle theta changing constantly, and the guide curve and the line angle change according to the decreasing rule, so that the extrusion to the straw and the weed can be reduced, the side shift and the slip of the straw and the weed can be avoided, and the passing performance of the straw, the hilling and the weed on the wedge curved surface is ensured. The lower half part of the shovel handle is provided with a long round hole which is used for being connected with the three-side wedge structure body, the height of the three-side wedge structure body can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual tilling depth, the normal operation of the three-side wedge structure body on the ground surface straws, hills and weeds is guaranteed, and the operation is simple.
The no-tillage seeding and ditching device with the three-side wedge structure has the advantages that the anti-blocking effect is realized, the problems of exposed soil in the seeding belt, rapid soil moisture evaporation and large soil disturbance amount can be effectively solved, the soil moisture evaporation amount in the seeding belt is reduced by 50-80%, the power consumption of the whole machine operation can be reduced by 10-20%, the working stability and the working quality of the whole machine are improved, the working power consumption is reduced, and the emergence rate and the grain yield are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the no-tillage seeding and ditching device of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a three-sided wedge structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view (perspective view) of the wedge structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the wedge structure of the present invention (front view)
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cutting edge structure of the wedge of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a front view of a rectangular plate of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a right side view of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a structural view of the blade handle.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a trenching seed guide construction.
Wherein: b is the width of the wedge, s is the thickness of the wedge, alpha is the angle between the edge line of the wedge and the ground, bABThe width of the cutting edge of the wedge body, beta is the angle of the outer cutting edge of the wedge body, hBCIs the height of the right side line of the wedge body, delta is the inclination angle of the right side line of the wedge body, r is the radius of the top side line of the wedge body,
is the central angle of the top side line of the wedge, FG is the lead curve of the curved surface of the wedge, HI is the line of the straight line of the curved surface of the wedge, theta is the element line angle of the curved surface of the wedge, theta ismaxIs an initial value of the element angle, LBFIs the length, L, of the surface line segment BF122Is the length of a rectangular plate, W122Is the width of a rectangular plate, S122Is the thickness of a rectangular plate, r1Is the radius of two circular holes of a rectangular plate, L122-1Is the distance between the centers of two round holes of the rectangular plate, L122-2The vertical distance r between the circle center of the circular hole at the lower end of the rectangular plate and the wedge blade tip2Radius of the long round hole of the shovel handle, L21The length of the long round hole of the shovel handle, L22The vertical distance between the center point of the long circular hole of the shovel handle and the bottom end is provided. 1. A three-sided wedge structure; 2. a shovel shaft; 3. ditching and guiding the seed structure body; 11. a wedge body; 12. a body support; 121. a supporting strip; 122. a rectangular plate; 31. ditching and shoveling; 32. a baffle; 33. a seed guiding pipe.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a no-tillage seeding and ditching device capable of reducing the evaporation of soil moisture in a seeding zone and preventing blockage, which can carry out 'lifting-falling' operation on straws, hills and weeds on the ground surface and can carry out normal ditching, seed guiding and earthing under the conditions of ensuring the normal operation of no-tillage seeding and reducing the evaporation of the soil moisture in the seeding zone.
As shown in figure 1, the no-tillage seeding and ditching device capable of reducing the water evaporation of soil in a seeding zone and preventing blockage mainly comprises a three-side wedge structure body 1, a shovel handle 2 and a ditching and seed guiding structure body 3.
Referring to fig. 2, the three-sided wedge structure 1 of the present invention is composed of a wedge 11 and a body holder 12, wherein the wedge 11 is a three-sided wedge, the body holder 12 is composed of 2-3 support bars 121 and 1 rectangular plate 122, one end of each support bar 121 is sequentially welded to the back of the wedge 11 in a linear or polygonal distribution manner, and the other end is welded to the surface of the rectangular plate 122.
In the invention, the thickness of each supporting strip 121 is 3-10 mm, the width is 15-50 mm, and the length range is 50-500 mm.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, in the present invention, the width b of the wedge 11 is 80-300 mm, the thickness s is 3-10 mm, wherein the angle α between the cutting edge line AB and the ground is 3-15 °, and the cutting edge width b is 3-15 °AB1-5 mm outer bladeAngle beta is 5-45 deg. and height h of right sideline BCBC80-300 mm, 5-30 degree inclination angle delta, 80-500 mm radius r and central angle CDE
D is an arc line of the highest point, the arc length CD is 0.3-1 times of the arc length DE, the left side line EA is in straight line connection, and the curved surface of the wedge body 11 is ABCDE.
The curved surface ABCDE is a torsion surface formed by the straight line HI moving along the guide curve FG and the element line angle theta changing constantly, and the guide curve FG and the element line angle theta both change according to the decreasing rule. Wherein, the guide curve FG is a section of convex parabola and is positioned in a vertical plane N vertical to a ground surface line segment BF, wherein the length L of the ground surface line segment BFBF0.5 to 1.5b, the inclination angle is the initial angle theta of the line angle thetamaxThe derivative curve FG is represented by f (z), the slope f' (z) of which at the initial pointmax0.5 ~ 0.8, gradually decrease to f' (z)min＝f’(z)max- (0.7-1.2); initial angle theta of element line angle thetamax40-80 DEG, and gradually reduced to thetamin＝θmax-(10°～30°)。
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in the present invention, the length L of the rectangular plate 12212260-120 mm, width W12240-100 mm thick S 1223 ~ 10mm, two round holes of vertical distribution in surface, the radius of two round holes equals, is r13-6 mm, center distance L122-115-50 mm, wherein the vertical distance L between the center of the circular hole at the lower end and the blade tip B of the wedge body 11122-2＝hBC/2。
Referring to FIG. 8, the lower half of the blade handle 2 has an oblong hole for connecting with a rectangular plate 122, wherein the radius r of the oblong hole23-6 mm long L21100-300 mm, and the vertical distance L between the center point and the bottom end22＝100～200mm。
Referring to fig. 9, the ditching and seed guiding structure body 3 is composed of a ditching shovel 31, a guide plate 32 and a seed guiding pipe 33, which are welded together in sequence, and the whole structure is welded with the bottom of the shovel shaft 2.
In a specific embodiment of the inventionThe number of the supporting bars 121 is 2, b is 160mm, s is 5mm, α is 10 °, b isAB＝2mm、β＝15°，hBC140mm, delta 15 DEG, and the vertex line CDE is a radius r 120mm, central angle
D is an arc line of the highest point, and the arc length CD is 0.5 times of the arc length DE;
the initial slope of the derivative curve FG is 0.7, gradually decreasing to-0.4, LBF192mm, inclination angle 70 °; the original value of the element angle θ is 70 °, gradually decreasing to 58 °. The thickness of each support strip is 3mm, the width of each support strip is 30mm, and the length range of each support strip is 80-250 mm. Length L of rectangular plate12260mm, width W12245mm, thickness S122Radius r of two round holes of 3mm14mm, centre distance L122-130mm, and the vertical distance L between the center of the lower round hole and the cutting edge B of the wedge body 11122-270 mm. Radius of long round hole r24mm, length L21Vertical distance L between the center point and the bottom end of the shovel shaft 2 being 100mm22＝100mm。
According to the requirements of actual operation depth and width, a proper shovel handle and a ditching seed guide component are selected, the three-side wedge structure body is connected with the shovel handle, and the position of the three-side wedge structure body is longitudinally adjusted until the requirement that the blade tip of the wedge body is located on the ground surface plane during operation is met. On the basis of ensuring the smooth operation of no-tillage seeding, the straws and the weeds are respectively arranged on the seeding belt, so that the evaporation of soil moisture in the seeding belt is reduced, and the emergence rate and the grain yield are improved. The water evaporation reduction amount of the soil in the sowing area of the embodiment reaches about 70%, and the power consumption of the whole machine operation can be reduced by 12%.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a reduce seeding and take soil moisture evaporation and prevent no-tillage seeding ditching device who blocks up which characterized in that includes:
the three-side wedge structure body (1) is composed of a wedge body (11) and a body support (12), wherein the wedge body (11) is a three-side wedge, the body support (12) is composed of 2-3 supporting strips (121) and 1 rectangular plate (122), one ends of the supporting strips (121) are sequentially welded to the back of the wedge body (11) in a linear or polygonal distribution mode, and the other ends of the supporting strips are welded to the surface of the rectangular plate (122);
the lower half part of the shovel handle (2) is provided with a long round hole which is used for being connected with the rectangular plate (122);
the ditching seed guiding structure body (3) consists of a ditching shovel (31), a guide plate (32) and a seed guiding pipe (33), which are welded together in sequence, and the whole structure is welded with the bottom of the shovel handle (2).
2. The no-tillage seeding and ditching device capable of reducing soil moisture evaporation in a seeding zone and preventing blockage according to claim 1, wherein the width b of the wedge body (11) is 80-300 mm, the thickness s is 3-10 mm, an included angle alpha between a cutting edge line AB and the ground is 3-15 degrees, and the cutting edge width b isAB1-5 mm, 5-45 degrees of outer cutting edge angle beta and height h of right sideline BCBC80-300 mm, 5-30 degree inclination angle delta, 80-500 mm radius r and central angle CDE
D is an arc line of the highest point, the arc length CD is 0.3-1 times of the arc length DE, the left side line EA is in straight line connection, and the curved surface of the wedge body (11) is ABCDE.
3. The no-tillage planting furrowing device capable of reducing soil moisture evaporation in a seeding zone and preventing clogging according to claim 2, wherein the curved surface ABCDE of the wedge (11) is a twisted surface formed by a straight line HI moving along the guide curve FG and a line angle theta changing constantly, and the guide curve FG and the line angle theta both change according to a decreasing rule.
4. The anti-clogging no-tillage planting furrowing device of claim 3, wherein the guiding curve FG is a convex parabola located in a vertical plane N perpendicular to a surface line BF, wherein the length L of the surface line BF is equal to the length L of the surface line BFBFB (0.5 to 1.5) and the inclination angle is the initial angle theta of the wire angle thetamaxThe derivative curve FG is represented by f (z), the slope f' (z) of which at the initial pointmax0.5 ~ 0.8, gradually decrease to f' (z)min＝f’(z)max- (0.7 to 1.2), initial angle theta of the element line angle thetamax40-80 DEG, and gradually reduced to thetamin＝θmax-(10°～30°)。
5. The anti-blocking no-tillage seeding and ditching device for reducing soil moisture evaporation in a seeding zone according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of each supporting strip (121) is 3-10 mm, the width is 15-50 mm, and the length is 50-500 mm.
6. The anti-clogging no-tillage planting furrowing device for reducing soil moisture evaporation in a planting zone of claim 1, wherein the length L of the rectangular plate (122) is12260-120 mm, width W12240-100 mm thick S1223 ~ 10mm, two round holes of vertical distribution in surface, the radius of two round holes equals, is r13-6 mm, center distance L122-115-50 mm, wherein the vertical distance L between the center of the circular hole at the lower end and the blade tip B of the wedge body (11)122-2＝hBCAnd/2, the two round holes are used for being connected with the shovel handle (2).
7. The anti-clogging no-tillage planting furrowing device for reducing soil moisture evaporation in a planting zone of claim 1, wherein the radius r of the oblong hole is23-6 mm long L21100-300 mm, and the vertical distance L between the center point and the bottom end of the shovel handle (2)22＝100～200mm。
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| CN202011273614.9A CN112352507B (en) | 2020-11-14 | 2020-11-14 | No-tillage seeding and ditching device capable of reducing soil moisture evaporation in seeding zone and preventing blockage |
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