CN112346267B - Display device with switchable display visual angle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Display device with switchable display visual angle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
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Abstract
The invention provides a display device with convertible display visual angle and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of display devices. The display visual angle convertible display device has two display states, namely a normal wide visual angle state and a peep-proof narrow visual angle state. The invention realizes the conversion of the wide and narrow visual angles of the display by matching the refractive indexes of the nematic liquid crystal in different directions with the polaroid, greatly improves the brightness of the display at different visual angles, reduces the cost and can solve the problems of reduced brightness and increased power consumption of the display in the prior art of realizing the peep-proof effect or the visual angle switchable effect of the display based on the peep-proof film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display devices, in particular to a display device with switchable display visual angles and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the technical field of information protection and display, under the condition of considering both information protection and information sharing, the requirements of people on the visual angle width of the liquid crystal display device during information display are different in different occasions. The existing wide and narrow visual angle display device cannot simultaneously meet two visual angle characteristics, whether wide and narrow visual angle display is achieved through loading of the peep-proof film or not is mechanical, and the intelligent switching effect cannot be achieved. While meeting the photoelectric characteristics of the optical display film, a visual angle switching product capable of adjusting the visual angle width according to the use occasions and the requirements of users so as to realize the peep-proof function is urgently needed.
The prior chinese patents CN 208027034U and CN 207976670U disclose the application of the viewing angle switchable products in the liquid crystal display, but the energy-saving high transmittance products capable of achieving the viewing angle switchable effect are not shown in the liquid crystal display, and the prior art still cannot achieve the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle and simultaneously meet the requirement of the display for low power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a display device with switchable display visual angles and a preparation method thereof, wherein the display device can realize switching between a wide visual angle and a narrow visual angle and simultaneously meet the requirement of low energy consumption of a display.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a display device with switchable display visual angles, which comprises a first substrate layer, a first conducting layer, a functional liquid crystal layer, a second conducting layer and a second substrate layer which are sequentially stacked, and further comprises a polaroid attached to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer;
the functional liquid crystal layer consists of nematic liquid crystal, a high molecular network framework and spacing particles, and the nematic liquid crystal is nematic liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy; the spacing particles are uniformly dispersed in the functional liquid crystal layer; the high molecular network skeleton is prepared by polymerizing an ultraviolet polymerizable monomer;
the polymer network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network or a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, and when the polymer network framework is the polymer stable liquid crystal network, the polymer network framework is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal; when the polymer network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, the polymer network framework forms a microdroplet structure to wrap nematic liquid crystal;
the material of the first substrate layer and the material of the second substrate layer are both glass or PET films.
Preferably, the material of the first conductive layer and the material of the second conductive layer are indium tin oxide.
Preferably, Δ n of the nematic liquid crystal molecules is 0.20 to 0.30.
Preferably, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer is a non-liquid crystal polymerizable monomer or a liquid crystal polymerizable monomer.
Preferably, the non-liquid crystal polymerized monomer comprises one or more of vinyl ether, polyether acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy acrylate and polyurethane acrylate; the liquid crystalline polymerized monomer comprises
Preferably, the display device with switchable display viewing angle has a working voltage of 5 to 30V, a light transmittance of 85 to 92% and a haze of 5 to 60%.
Preferably, the transmittance of the polarizer is greater than 40%.
The invention provides a preparation method of the display device with switchable display visual angle, which comprises the following steps:
when the polymer network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network, blending the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (90-98): 2-10): 0.001-0.01): 0.003-0.01;
pouring the forward direction column phase liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system into a liquid crystal box formed by sealing a first conducting layer and a second conducting layer which take glass as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, and polymerizing under the action of ultraviolet light to form a functional liquid crystal layer; in the functional liquid crystal layer, a polymer stable liquid crystal network is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal;
attaching a polarizer to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer to obtain a display device with a convertible display visual angle;
when the polymer network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, blending the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (40-70): 30-60): 0.001-0.02): 0.003-0.01;
placing the positive column phase liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system between a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer which take PET films as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, extruding the mixed system to form a film, and polymerizing the film under the action of ultraviolet light to form a functional liquid crystal layer; in the functional liquid crystal layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network forms a microdroplet structure to wrap nematic liquid crystal;
and attaching a polaroid to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer to obtain the display device with the convertible display visual angle.
Preferably, the photoinitiator comprises 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, diphenyl- (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, benzoin diethyl ether, 4-phenylbenzophenone, or 2-isopropylthioxanthone.
Preferably, when the polymer network skeleton is a polymer stable liquid crystal network, the polymerization time is 5-10 min; and when the high molecular network skeleton is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, the polymerization time is 5-10 min.
The invention provides a display device with switchable display visual angles, which comprises a first substrate layer, a first conducting layer, a functional liquid crystal layer, a second conducting layer and a second substrate layer which are sequentially stacked, and further comprises a polaroid attached to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer; the functional liquid crystal layer consists of nematic liquid crystal, a high molecular network framework and spacing particles, and the nematic liquid crystal is nematic liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy; the spacing particles are uniformly dispersed in the functional liquid crystal layer; the high molecular network skeleton is prepared by polymerizing an ultraviolet polymerizable monomer; the polymer network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network or a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, and when the polymer network framework is the polymer stable liquid crystal network, the polymer network framework is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal; when the high molecular network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, the high molecular network framework forms a microdroplet structure to wrap the nematic liquid crystal; the material of the first substrate layer and the material of the second substrate layer are both glass or PET films. The display visual angle convertible display device has two display states, namely a normal wide visual angle state and a peep-proof narrow visual angle state; when the display device is not powered on, the internal nematic liquid crystal is in a disordered arrangement state under the action of the polymer skeleton network, the natural light of the polarizer is converted into linearly polarized light in the vertical direction, when the linearly polarized light passes through the visual angle convertible device (the visual angle convertible device is formed by the first conducting layer, the functional liquid crystal layer and the second conducting layer), the linearly polarized light is converted into the natural light by the internal disordered nematic liquid crystal, and the display device is in a normal wide visual angle state; when the device is powered on, the nematic liquid crystal inside the device is arranged in parallel to the electric field, natural light passing through the polaroid is converted into linearly polarized light in the up-down direction, and when the linearly polarized light passes through the visual angle convertible device, although the linearly polarized light is still linearly polarized light, the display visual angle is changed under the action of the nematic liquid crystal, and at the moment, the display position of the device is in a peeping-proof narrow visual angle state.
The invention realizes the conversion of the wide and narrow visual angles of the display by matching the refractive indexes of the nematic liquid crystal in different directions with the polaroid, greatly improves the brightness of the display at different visual angles, reduces the cost and can solve the problems of reduced brightness and increased power consumption of the display in the prior art of realizing the peep-proof effect or the visual angle switchable effect of the display based on the peep-proof film.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a display device fabricated in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph of off and on transmittance and haze for a display device prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph of viewing angle versus luminance in a display of a display device fabricated in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of the surface network topography of the display device prepared in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a graph of off and on transmittance and haze for a display device prepared in example 2;
fig. 6 is a graph of viewing angle versus luminance in a display of the display device fabricated in example 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a wide viewing angle mode of a display device fabricated in example 2;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a narrow viewing angle mode of a display device fabricated in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a display device with switchable display visual angles, which comprises a first substrate layer, a first conducting layer, a functional liquid crystal layer, a second conducting layer and a second substrate layer which are sequentially stacked, and further comprises a polaroid attached to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer;
the functional liquid crystal layer consists of nematic liquid crystal, a high molecular network framework and spacing particles, and the nematic liquid crystal is nematic liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy; the spacing particles are uniformly dispersed in the functional liquid crystal layer; the high molecular network skeleton is prepared by polymerizing an ultraviolet polymerizable monomer;
the polymer network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network or a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, and when the polymer network framework is the polymer stable liquid crystal network, the polymer network framework is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal; when the polymer network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, the polymer network framework forms a microdroplet structure to wrap nematic liquid crystal;
the material of the first substrate layer and the material of the second substrate layer are both glass or PET films.
In the present invention, the materials required are all commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
The display device with switchable display visual angle provided by the invention comprises a first substrate layer, wherein the first substrate layer is made of glass or a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film; the thickness of the first base layer is preferably 50 to 120 μm, and more preferably 50 to 100 μm. The present invention utilizes the first substrate layer as a substrate for the display device.
The display device with switchable display visual angle provided by the invention comprises a first conductive layer which is arranged on the first substrate layer in a laminated mode; the material of the first conducting layer is preferably indium tin oxide; the thickness of the first conductive layer is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be set according to the thickness of a conductive layer known in the art. The invention uses the first conductive layer as the drive of the display device to provide an external electric field for the functional liquid crystal layer.
The display device with switchable display viewing angle provided by the invention comprises a functional liquid crystal layer which is arranged on the first conducting layer in a laminating way, and the thickness of the functional liquid crystal layer is preferably 5-15 μm, and more preferably 10 μm.
In the invention, the functional liquid crystal layer is composed of nematic liquid crystal, a high molecular network framework and spacing particles. In the present invention, the nematic liquid crystal is a nematic liquid crystal molecule of positive dielectric anisotropy; the Δ n of the nematic liquid crystal molecules is preferably 0.20 to 0.30. In the present invention, the nematic liquid crystal molecule is preferably a commercially available liquid crystal material, such as SLC400C, SLC169019 or SLC189013 of honest-Yonghua materials, inc.; the nematic liquid crystal molecule preferably further comprises a liquid crystal composition, which preferably comprises one or more of a first component, a second component, a third component, a fourth component, a fifth component and a sixth component.
In the invention, the first component is preferably one or more of liquid crystal compounds with a structure shown in a formula a or a structure shown in a formula b; when the first component is a plurality of the above components, the proportion of different liquid crystal compounds is not particularly limited, and any proportion can be used.
In the invention, the second component is preferably one or more of liquid crystal compounds with the structure shown in the formula c; when the second component is one of the above, the invention has no special limitation on the mixture ratio of different liquid crystal compounds, and any mixture ratio can be used.
In the invention, the third component is preferably one or more of liquid crystal compounds with a structure shown in a formula d or a structure shown in a formula e; when the third component is a plurality of the components, the proportion of different liquid crystal compounds is not particularly limited and can be any proportion.
In the invention, the fourth component is preferably one or more of liquid crystal compounds with the structure shown in the formula f; when the fourth component is a plurality of components, the proportion of different liquid crystal compounds is not particularly limited and can be any.
In the invention, the fifth component is preferably one or more of liquid crystal compounds with the structure shown in formula g; when the fifth component is one of the above, the ratio of the different liquid crystal compounds is not particularly limited, and any ratio can be used.
In the invention, the sixth component is preferably one or more of liquid crystal compounds with the structure shown in the formula h; when the sixth component is a plurality of the components, the proportion of different liquid crystal compounds is not particularly limited, and the sixth component can be prepared in any proportion.
In the invention, the mass percentage of each component in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 30-60% of a first component, 10-30% of a second component, 10-15% of a third component, 1-10% of a fourth component, 10-20% of a fifth component and 1-10% of a sixth component; further, in the liquid crystal composition, the mass fraction of the liquid crystal composition in formula a is preferably 10 to 40%, the mass fraction of the liquid crystal composition in formula b is preferably 20 to 50%, the mass fraction of the liquid crystal composition in formula c is preferably 10 to 30%, the mass fraction of the liquid crystal composition in formula d is preferably 5 to 20%, the mass fraction of the liquid crystal composition in formula e is preferably 5 to 20%, the mass fraction of the liquid crystal composition in formula f is preferably 1 to 10%, the mass fraction of the liquid crystal composition in formula g is preferably 10 to 20%, and the mass fraction of the liquid crystal composition in formula h is preferably 1 to 10%.
In the invention, the high molecular network skeleton is prepared by polymerizing ultraviolet polymerizable monomers; the polymer network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network or a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, and when the polymer network framework is the polymer stable liquid crystal network, the polymer network framework is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal; when the polymer network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, the polymer network framework forms a microdroplet structure to wrap nematic liquid crystal.
In the present invention, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer is preferably a non-liquid crystal polymerizable monomer or a liquid crystal polymerizable monomer; the non-liquid crystal polymerized monomer preferably comprises one or more of vinyl ether, polyether acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy acrylate and polyurethane acrylate; when the non-liquid crystal polymerized monomers are a plurality of the non-liquid crystal polymerized monomers, the mixture ratio of different non-liquid crystal polymerized monomers is not specially limited, and any mixture ratio can be adopted; the liquid crystalline polymerized monomer preferably comprises
One or more of them.
When the liquid crystalline polymerized monomers are preferably selected from the above-mentioned ones, the ratio of the liquid crystalline polymerized monomers of different types is not particularly limited, and any ratio may be used.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer is specifically isobornyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol 400 diacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, lauryl acrylate, and neopentyl glycol diacrylate.
In the invention, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer is polymerized to form a high molecular network skeleton, and when the dosage of the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer is different, a polymer stable liquid crystal network or a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network can be formed.
In the present invention, the spacer is uniformly dispersed in the functional liquid crystal layer; the spacer preferably has a particle diameter of 3 to 50 μm, more preferably 10 to 30 μm; the present invention utilizes spacers to separate the nematic liquid crystals from agglomeration.
The display device with switchable display visual angle provided by the invention comprises a second conducting layer which is arranged on the functional liquid crystal layer in a laminating way; the material and thickness of the second conductive layer are preferably the same as those of the first conductive layer, and are not described in detail herein. The invention uses the second conductive layer as the drive of the display device to provide an external electric field for the functional liquid crystal layer.
The display device with switchable display visual angle provided by the invention comprises a second substrate layer which is arranged on the second conductive layer in a laminated mode; the second substrate layer is preferably identical to the first substrate layer and will not be described in detail herein.
The display device with the convertible display visual angle comprises a polaroid attached to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer, the transmittance of the polaroid is preferably greater than 40%, and the polaroid can convert natural light into linearly polarized positive light in the vertical direction. The thickness of the polarizer is not particularly limited in the present invention, and commercially available polarizers well known in the art may be used.
In the present invention, the operating voltage of the display device whose display viewing angle is switchable is preferably 5 to 30V, the light transmittance is preferably 85 to 92%, and the haze is preferably 5 to 60%.
The invention provides a preparation method of the display device with switchable display visual angles, which comprises the following steps:
when the polymer network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network, blending the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (90-98): 2-10): 0.001-0.01): 0.003-0.01;
pouring the forward direction column phase liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system into a liquid crystal box formed by sealing a first conducting layer and a second conducting layer which take glass as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, and polymerizing under the action of ultraviolet light to form a functional liquid crystal layer; in the functional liquid crystal layer, a polymer stable liquid crystal network is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal;
attaching a polarizer to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer to obtain a display device with a convertible display visual angle;
when the polymer network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, blending the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (40-70): 30-60): 0.001-0.02): 0.003-0.01;
placing the positive column phase liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system between a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer which take PET films as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, extruding the mixed system to form a film, and polymerizing the film under the action of ultraviolet light to form a functional liquid crystal layer; in the functional liquid crystal layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network forms a microdroplet structure to wrap nematic liquid crystal;
and attaching a polaroid to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer to obtain the display device with the convertible display visual angle.
When the high molecular network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network, the invention blends the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (90-98), (2-10), (0.001-0.01) and (0.003-0.01). In the present invention, the photoinitiator preferably comprises 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone (UV 1173), diphenyl- (2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyl) Phosphine Oxide (TPO), benzoin diethyl ether (UV 651), 4-Phenylbenzophenone (PBZ), or 2-Isopropylthioxanthone (ITX).
In the present invention, the blending is preferably performed under stirring conditions at room temperature; the stirring process is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the raw materials can be uniformly mixed according to a process well known in the art. In the invention, the mass ratio of the forward nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is preferably (92-96): 3-8): 0.005-0.008); the invention controls the mass ratio to ensure that the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer and the positive column phase liquid crystal form a polymer stable liquid crystal network structure after polymerization.
After a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system is obtained, the positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system is poured into a liquid crystal box formed by sealing a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer which take glass as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, and polymerization is carried out under the action of ultraviolet light to form a functional liquid crystal layer; in the functional liquid crystal layer, a polymer stable liquid crystal network is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal. In the invention, the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer are respectively attached to the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer according to a method well known in the art, and the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer are sealed by edge sealing glue to form a liquid crystal box at the periphery so as to prevent overflow leakage and sealing of positive column phase liquid crystal; the edge sealing glue and the sealing process are not particularly limited, and the edge sealing glue known in the field is selected for sealing.
In the present invention, the polymerization temperature is preferably 25 ℃, the polymerization time is preferably 5 to 10min, more preferably 5min, and the intensity of the ultraviolet light is preferably 3mw/cm 2 The wavelength is preferably 365nm.
In the polymerization process, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer is polymerized under the action of ultraviolet light to form a polymer stable liquid crystal network in the positive nematic liquid crystal, a functional liquid crystal layer is formed between the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer, and the polymer stable liquid crystal network is uniformly dispersed in the nematic liquid crystal; wherein the first conductive layer, the functional liquid crystal layer and the second conductive layer constitute a viewing angle switchable device.
After the functional liquid crystal layer is formed, the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer is attached with the polaroid, and the display device with the convertible display visual angle is obtained. The process of attaching the polarizer is not particularly limited, and may be performed according to a process known in the art.
When the high molecular network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, the invention blends the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (40-70): (30-60): (0.001-0.02): 0.003-0.01).
In the present invention, the photoinitiator preferably comprises 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone (UV 1173), diphenyl- (2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyl) Phosphine Oxide (TPO), benzoin diethyl ether (UV 651), 4-Phenylbenzophenone (PBZ) or 2-Isopropylthioxanthone (ITX). In the present invention, the blending is preferably carried out under stirring conditions at room temperature; the stirring process is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the raw materials can be uniformly mixed according to a process well known in the art. In the invention, the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is preferably (50-60): 40-50): 0.005-0.01): 0.005-0.008); the invention controls the mass ratio to ensure that the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer and the positive column phase liquid crystal form a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network structure after polymerization.
After a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system is obtained, the positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system is placed between a first conducting layer and a second conducting layer which take PET films as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, and the functional liquid crystal layer is formed by polymerizing under the action of ultraviolet light after the positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system is extruded to form a film. In the present invention, the first and second conductive layers are attached to the first and second substrate layers, respectively, according to methods well known in the art. The process of extrusion film formation is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be carried out according to a process known in the art. In the present invention, the polymerization temperature is preferably 25 ℃, the polymerization time is preferably 5 to 10min, more preferably 5min, and the intensity of the ultraviolet light is preferably 3mw/cm 2 The wavelength is preferably 365nm.
In the polymerization process, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer is polymerized under the action of ultraviolet light to form a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network in the positive nematic liquid crystal, a functional liquid crystal layer is formed between the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal network forms a microdroplet structure to wrap the nematic liquid crystal; wherein the first conductive layer, the functional liquid crystal layer and the second conductive layer constitute a viewing angle switchable device.
After the functional liquid crystal layer is formed, the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer is attached with the polaroid, and the display device with the convertible display visual angle is obtained. The process of attaching the polarizer is not particularly limited, and may be performed according to a process known in the art.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, the A1 system used was a liquid crystal composition, and the formulation thereof is shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 component ratios of the A1 system
The SLC400C, SLC169019 used in the following examples are all commercially available liquid crystal molecules.
Example 1
Table 2 compounding ratio of each material used in example 1
According to the component proportion shown in the table 2, the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles are blended and stirred at room temperature to form isotropic liquid, so that a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system is obtained;
pouring the forward direction column phase liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system into a first indium tin oxide conducting layer and a second indium tin oxide conducting layer which take glass as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer to form a sealing wayIn the liquid crystal cell (2), the light intensity is 3mw/cm at 25 DEG C 2 Irradiating the mixture for 5 minutes by using ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 365nm to polymerize the mixture to form a functional liquid crystal layer (a polymer stable liquid crystal network is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal);
and attaching a polarizer to any surface of the liquid crystal box formed by sealing the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer to obtain the display device with switchable display visual angle.
A schematic structure of a display device with switchable display viewing angle prepared in example 1 is shown in fig. 1, wherein 100, a first glass substrate layer; 101. a first indium tin oxide conductive layer; 102. a functional liquid crystal layer; 103. a second indium tin oxide conductive layer; 104. a second glass substrate layer; 105. a polarizer.
Performance testing
1) The display device in example 1, to which the polarizer was not attached, was optically tested using a remote HAM-300, high-precision spectral haze meter D65 light source, and the test results of the off and on transmittance and haze curve of the display device are shown in fig. 2; as can be seen from fig. 2, the glass-based display device has a transmittance of more than 85% in both the energized and unenergized states in the entire visible light range, and exhibits good optical characteristics when the haze is 5% when energized and 10% when unenergized.
2) The display device prepared in example 1 was placed in a display, and the viewing angle-luminance curve was measured, and the result is shown in fig. 3, as can be seen from fig. 3, when the power was turned on, the viewing angle of the entire display was narrow, when the luminance was 2% of the center luminance, the viewing angles were only 38 ° from left to right, when the display was viewed from the left and right sides at a large viewing angle, the display appeared to be in a black display state, and the left and right observers did not see screen information; when the display is not electrified, the observation visual angle of the whole display is a wide visual angle, and a normal display picture can be observed from a large visual angle, so that the display device with the convertible display visual angle under different voltages has the effect of switching the wide visual angle and the narrow visual angle.
Example 2
Table 3 compounding ratio of each material used in example 2
According to the component proportion shown in the table 3, the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles are blended and stirred at room temperature to form isotropic liquid, so that a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system is obtained;
placing the positive direction column phase liquid crystal-polymerization monomer mixed system between a first indium zinc oxide conductive layer and a second indium zinc oxide conductive layer which take PET films as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, extruding the mixture to form a film, and using the light intensity of 3mw/cm at the temperature of 25 DEG C 2 Irradiating the liquid crystal layer with 365nm ultraviolet light for 5 minutes to polymerize to form a functional liquid crystal layer (polymer dispersed liquid crystal network forms a microdroplet structure to wrap nematic liquid crystal);
and attaching a polaroid to the first substrate layer to obtain the display device with the switchable display visual angle.
Performance test
1) The viewing angle-convertible device prepared in example 2 was immersed in an analytically pure cyclohexane solution, left to stand for 14 days, the forward nematic liquid crystal in the viewing angle-convertible device was completely immersed, and the surface thereof was observed by a scanning electron microscope, with the result shown in fig. 4; as can be seen from FIG. 4, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal forms liquid crystal droplets with a size close to 15 μm and a uniform size distribution.
2) The display device prepared in example 2 without the polarizer attached was optically tested using a remote HAM-300, high precision spectral haze meter D65 light source, and the power-off and power-on transmittance and haze curve test results of the display device are shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the transmittance was 90% and the haze was 5% when current was applied, and the transmittance was 83% and the haze was 60% when current was not applied.
3) The display device prepared in example 2 was placed in a display, and its viewing angle-luminance curve was measured, and the result is shown in fig. 6. As can be seen from fig. 6, the display viewing angle switchable display device performs the function and effect of switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle under different voltages.
4) Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the wide view angle mode operation of the viewing angle switchable device prepared in example 2, as shown in fig. 7, when the device is not powered on, the nematic liquid crystal inside the display device is in a disordered arrangement state under the action of the polymer backbone network, the natural light passing through the polarizer is converted into linearly polarized light in the up-and-down direction, when the linearly polarized light passes through the viewing angle switchable device, the nematic liquid crystal in disordered arrangement inside converts the linearly polarized light into natural light, and the device is displayed in a normal wide view angle state.
5) Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a narrow viewing angle mode operation of the viewing angle switchable intelligent display film, as shown in fig. 8, when the device is powered on, the internal nematic liquid crystal is arranged parallel to the electric field, the natural light passing through the polarizer is converted into linearly polarized light in the up-and-down direction, when the linearly polarized light passes through the viewing angle switchable device, although the linearly polarized light is still linearly polarized light, the display viewing angle is changed under the action of the nematic liquid crystal, and at this time, the display of the device is in a peeping-proof narrow viewing angle state.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A display device with switchable display visual angle comprises a first substrate layer, a first conducting layer, a functional liquid crystal layer, a second conducting layer and a second substrate layer which are sequentially stacked, and further comprises a polaroid attached to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer;
the functional liquid crystal layer consists of nematic liquid crystal, a high molecular network framework and spacing particles, and the nematic liquid crystal is nematic liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy; the spacing particles are uniformly dispersed in the functional liquid crystal layer; the high molecular network skeleton is prepared by polymerizing an ultraviolet polymerizable monomer;
the polymer network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network or a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, and when the polymer network framework is the polymer stable liquid crystal network, the polymer network framework is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal; when the high molecular network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, the high molecular network framework forms a microdroplet structure to wrap the nematic liquid crystal;
the material of the first substrate layer and the material of the second substrate layer are glass or PET films at the same time;
the delta n of the nematic liquid crystal molecules is 0.20 to 0.30;
the nematic liquid crystal molecule further comprises a liquid crystal composition comprising one or more of a first component, a second component, a third component, a fourth component, a fifth component, and a sixth component;
the first component is one or more of liquid crystal compounds with a structure shown in a formula a or a structure shown in a formula b;
the second component is one or more of liquid crystal compounds with the structure shown in the formula c;
the third component is one or more of liquid crystal compounds with structures shown in formula d or formula e;
the fourth component is one or more of liquid crystal compounds with the structure shown in the formula f;
the fifth component is one or more of liquid crystal compounds with the structure shown in the formula g;
the sixth component is one or more of liquid crystal compounds with the structure shown in the formula h;
the preparation method of the display device with switchable display visual angles comprises the following steps:
when the polymer network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network, blending the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (90-98): 2-10): 0.001-0.01): 0.003-0.01;
pouring the forward direction column phase liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system into a liquid crystal box formed by sealing a first conducting layer and a second conducting layer which take glass as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, and polymerizing under the action of ultraviolet light to form a functional liquid crystal layer; in the functional liquid crystal layer, a polymer stable liquid crystal network is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal;
attaching a polarizer to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer to obtain a display device with a convertible display visual angle;
when the polymer network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, blending the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (40-70): 30-60): 0.001-0.02): 0.003-0.01;
placing the positive column phase liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system between a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer which take PET films as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, extruding the mixed system to form a film, and polymerizing the film under the action of ultraviolet light to form a functional liquid crystal layer; in the functional liquid crystal layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network forms a microdroplet structure to wrap nematic liquid crystal;
attaching a polaroid on the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer to obtain a display device with a convertible display visual angle;
the display device with switchable display visual angle has the working voltage of 5-30V, the light transmittance of 85-92% and the haze of 5-60%.
2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein a material of the first conductive layer and a material of the second conductive layer are indium tin oxide.
3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer is a non-liquid crystal polymerizable monomer or a liquid crystal polymerizable monomer.
4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the non-liquid crystal polymerized monomer comprises one or more of a vinyl ether, a polyether acrylate, a polyester acrylate, an epoxy acrylate, and a urethane acrylate; the liquid crystalline polymerized monomer comprises
One or more of them.
5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the polarizer has a transmittance of > 40%.
6. A method of manufacturing a display device switchable between display viewing angles according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
when the polymer network framework is a polymer stable liquid crystal network, blending the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (90-98): 2-10): 0.001-0.01): 0.003-0.01;
pouring the forward direction column phase liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system into a liquid crystal box formed by sealing a first conducting layer and a second conducting layer which take glass as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, and polymerizing under the action of ultraviolet light to form a functional liquid crystal layer; in the functional liquid crystal layer, a polymer stable liquid crystal network is uniformly dispersed in nematic liquid crystal;
attaching a polaroid on the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer to obtain a display device with a convertible display visual angle;
when the polymer network framework is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, blending the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles to obtain a positive nematic liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system; the mass ratio of the positive nematic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer, the photoinitiator and the spacer particles is (40-70): (30-60): (0.001-0.02): 0.003-0.01);
placing the positive column phase liquid crystal-polymerized monomer mixed system between a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer which take PET films as a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, extruding the mixed system to form a film, and polymerizing the film under the action of ultraviolet light to form a functional liquid crystal layer; in the functional liquid crystal layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network forms a microdroplet structure to wrap nematic liquid crystal;
and attaching a polaroid to the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer to obtain the display device with the convertible display visual angle.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the photoinitiator comprises 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, diphenyl- (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphorous oxide, benzoin diethyl ether, 4-phenylbenzophenone, or 2-isopropylthioxanthone.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein when the polymer network skeleton is a polymer stabilized liquid crystal network, the polymerization time is 5-10 min; and when the high molecular network skeleton is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal network, the polymerization time is 5-10 min.
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