CN1484070A - LCD device and mfg method thereof - Google Patents

LCD device and mfg method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1484070A
CN1484070A CNA021426988A CN02142698A CN1484070A CN 1484070 A CN1484070 A CN 1484070A CN A021426988 A CNA021426988 A CN A021426988A CN 02142698 A CN02142698 A CN 02142698A CN 1484070 A CN1484070 A CN 1484070A
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substrate
liquid crystal
electrode
crystal layer
light
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CN1312515C (en
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奥村展
嘉
铃木成嘉
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Tianma Japan Ltd
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NEC LCD Technologies Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a LCD device. The collimated light generator produces the collimated light by incident light on the incident surface, and the first polarization piece of the first polarized light controller produces the first polarized light by the collimated light. The first 1/4 wave piece of the first polarized light controller produces the second polarized light by the first polarized light. The second polarized light reaches the outgoing surface through liquid crystal layer, and on the outgoing surface passes through the first and second 1/4 wave pieces of the second polarized light controller. Therefore, the polarizing state of the second polarized light returns to the initial state.

Description

Liquid crystal display device and manufacture method thereof
Invention field
The present invention relates generally to liquid crystal display device (LCD).Relate in particular to a kind of LCD device and manufacture method thereof that can realize wide visual angle and response fast.
Description of related art
The LCD device is widely used in electronic equipment and the portable communications and/or the information management terminal of so-called office automation (OA) traditionally.This is because the LCD device has small and exquisite, frivolous and advantage of low power consumption.
For the LCD device,, utilize various optical characteristics, the walking of liquid crystal cell thus as birefringence effect and rotatory polarization control light by being applied to the arrangement or the orientation of the voltage change liquid crystal molecule on the liquid crystal layer.Using method or mode according to the liquid crystal cell optical characteristics are divided into various display types to the LCD device.In any LCD device, the major issue that the needs of existence solve is to improve viewing angle characteristic and strengthen response characteristic, makes it possible to handle the demonstration of dynamic image.
For example, also at widely used twisted-nematic phase (TN) LCD device, the orientation of liquid crystal molecule is vowed according to the size that applies voltage and is converted to " secretly " demonstration attitude from " parallel " attitude or molecule parllel in " white " show state of substrate for up to the present.But, owing to apply the peculiar effect of voltage to liquid crystal molecule, the problem that exists available visual angle to narrow down.This problem when showing medium tone from the ascent direction of molecule especially obvious.
In order to solve the problem at this type of narrow visual angle, study and proposed various measures.For example, disclosed Japanese unexamined patent publications 4-261522 in 1992, disclosed 6-43461 in 1994 and disclosed 10-333180 in 1998 measure that disclosed so-called " two farmland " or " multidomain ".Form the liquid crystal cell of the liquid crystal molecule that comprises the row arrangement of vertical school by these methods.This liquid crystal cell is clipped in two polarization directions and is fixed between the polaroid that is perpendicular to one another.The public electrode that has open section by utilization produces oblique electric field in each pixel.Thereby each pixel forms by two or more liquid crystal farmland, has improved viewing angle characteristic thus.Particularly, by disclosed technology among the publication 4-261522, the arrangement of control liquid crystal molecule when applying voltage realized high-contrast.
At disclosed Japanese unexamined patent publication 6-43461 in 1994 with disclosed another example of these measures in 1993 among the disclosed 5-113561.These examples utilize the birefringence effect of optical element such as optical compensating gage and quarter-wave plate compensation liquid crystal, improve viewing angle characteristic and/or expansion visual angle thus.For the measure that discloses among the publication 5-113561, have the optical compensating gage of bearing axle except adopting one, also use quarter-wave plate.These quarter-wave plates with first wave plate have positive anisotropy, second wave plate has negative anisotropic mode and is grouped together, so that eliminate their birefringence effects separately, expands the visual angle thus.
And disclosed Japanese unexamined patent publications 5-50524 in 1993 has disclosed a kind of coplane and has switched (IPS) type LCD device.About this device, voltage is applied between a pair of comparative electrode that is arranged on the same substrate, produces the electric field that is parallel to substrate, thus rotation liquid crystal molecule when keeping liquid crystal molecule to be parallel to the substrate orientation.Because even when applying voltage also possibility liquid crystal molecule is orientated perpendicular to substrate, be limited in the very narrow scope so change based on the birefringence of visual angle change.The visual angle increases as a result.
Above-mentioned prior art is the viewing angle characteristic in improving the LCD device of resolving.Different therewith is, disclosed Japanese unexamined patent publications 10-142577 in 1998 and 10-197844 have disclosed the LCD device that can switch between the width visual angle.
About disclosed device among the publication 10-142577, in the TN pattern, two thin film transistor (TFT)s (TFT) are set for each pixel, and simultaneously, each pixel is divided into two zones, liquid crystal molecule rotates with different angles in these zones or tilts, widen the visual angle thus, similar with so-called " electric capacity separation " method.
About disclosed device among the publication 10-197844, stacked host and guest (GH) element that comprises dichroic dyestuff on common TN element.On the GH element, apply voltage with the control viewing angle characteristic.
As mentioned above, utilize above-mentioned technology to improve the viewing angle characteristic of LCD device.But, in the quick response that improves the LCD device, still have a lot of problems.In general, a kind of known means of the response speed of raising LCD device is to increase the voltage swing that is applied on the liquid crystal molecule.But, in this case, reduce as the compartmentalized box for holding assorted fruits and candies gap, then the electric capacity of liquid crystal molecule increases.Go wrong possibly thus.Particularly, if the size of LCD plate increases, then can occur along the signal propagation delay of lead and/or to the problem that writes undertension of TFT.
The another kind of known means that improves the response speed of LCD device is to utilize the liquid crystal with big birefringence or optical anisotropy Δ n to increase the variable range of the transmissivity of liquid crystal molecule with respect to molecule tilt.But, in the case, the problem that the birefringence owing to liquid crystal narrows down the visual angle can appear.For example, for nematic liquid crystal, the polarization state of crystal changes according to the incident angle of light.As a result, even the problem that when dark attitude shows, has transmittance or contrast to descend.In addition, if the product of optical anisotropy Δ n and box thickness d (Δ nd) increases, then the problem that the visual angle narrows down can appear.
Even do not weaken viewing angle characteristic, at disclosed Japanese unexamined patent publication 2000-171617 in 2000 with disclosed a kind of method in 1996 among the disclosed Japanese unexamined patent publication 4-369618 with lenticule collimation incident light for anisotropy Δ n increases yet.Method or technology that publication 2000-171617 discloses are shown in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 1, the disclosed existing LCD device of publication 2000-171617 comprises a lcd segment 101, lay respectively at polaroid 104a and 104b on part 101 planes of incidence and the exit facet, be positioned at the plane of incidence of part 101 and the microlens array 142a and the 142b of exit facet, optical plate 105 and light source 106.Array 142a has the lenticule 142aa that is distributed on the upper surface with specific, window or opening 142ab be positioned at straight lower surface on the corresponding position of lens 142aa.Array 142b has the lenticule 142ba that is distributed on the lower surface with specific.The upper surface of array 142b is a flat surfaces.
See through the incident light L that side surface enters optical plate 105 INEnter microlens array 142a by the window 142ab that is arranged on its lower surface.Light L INLenticule 142aa collimation by array 142a, and be polarized sheet 104a again and be transformed into linearly polarized photon, lcd segment 101 entered.Light L INThe polarization direction in 101 parts, be changed.Afterwards, be changed the light L of direction thus INOptionally see through polaroid 104b and, cause emergent light L through the last plane outgoing of array 142b by the lenticule 104ba of array 104b convergence OUT
By this mode, about existing LCD device shown in Figure 1, lcd segment 101 is clipped between microlens array 142a and the 142b, and therefore, even the light L that sends from light source 106 INBe diverging light, also can make collimated light enter 101 parts.As a result, contrast is inhibited according to the problem that viewing angle weakens.
But, even like this, the linearly polarized photon L that polaroid 104a produces at the plane of incidence INAlso enter lcd segment 1, and light L INBe switched on or switched off by the polaroid 104b on the exit facet again.Therefore, need the orientation of alignment between layout, polaroid 104a and the 104b between lenticule 142aa and the 142ba and liquid crystal molecule highly accurate.This causes the output of LCD plate to reduce.And, another problem that brightness descends in the partial pixel also appears.This is because due to the driving direction and the relation between the linearly polarized photon of liquid crystal molecule.
Particularly, be easy to obtain in the vertical plane school row alignment mode of high-contrast if the above-mentioned technology that collimated light is imported lcd segment 101 is applied to, then transmitted light will not have required intensity, unless the rotation of liquid crystal molecule is orientated or tilts precisely controlled.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of LCD device and manufacture method thereof that can improve fast response characteristic.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of LCD device and the manufacture method thereof that not only can improve viewing angle characteristic, can also improve fast response characteristic.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of LCD device and manufacture method thereof that can effectively reduce the layout of element or parts and/or aim at required degree of accuracy.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of LCD device and manufacture method thereof of making output that can not reduce.
For those skilled in the art, above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention will become more clear by following description.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the LCD device that provides comprises:
(a) be positioned at first substrate of the plane of incidence;
(b) with the second fixing substrate of first substrate opposite;
Second substrate is positioned at exit facet;
(c) be clipped in liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate;
Liquid crystal layer comprises a kind of liquid crystal;
Liquid crystal layer and first and second substrate constitute lcd segment;
(d) be used to collimate the collimating apparatus of incident light;
Collimating apparatus is positioned on the plane of incidence;
(e) be used to control first Polarization Controller of incident light polarization state;
First Polarization Controller is positioned at the plane of incidence;
First Polarization Controller comprises first polarizer and first quarter-wave plate; With
(g) be used to control second Polarization Controller of incident light polarization state;
Second Polarization Controller is positioned at exit facet;
Second Polarization Controller comprises second polarizer and second quarter-wave plate.
About the LCD device of first aspect present invention, the collimating apparatus and first Polarization Controller are set on the plane of incidence of lcd segment.Therefore, incident light is collimated by collimating apparatus, and by first Polarization Controller control polarization of incident light attitude.Afterwards, the incident light of collimation and Polarization Control enters lcd segment thus.
At the exit facet of lcd segment, second Polarization Controller is set.Therefore, the polarization of incident light attitude of passing lcd segment is subjected to the control of second Polarization Controller.
Therefore, for example incident light is transformed into first circularly polarized incident light by first Polarization Controller, enters lcd segment before or after collimated device collimation.By after this part, be transformed into second circularly polarized incident light at first circularly polarized incident light by second Polarization Controller.
If, then can improve the fast response characteristic of LCD device therefore the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal with bigger optical anisotropy or birefringence n as lcd segment.
And, because do not need accurately alignment be positioned at the plane of incidence first polarizer axle and second polarizer that is positioned at exit facet spool, so can effectively reduce the layout of element or parts and/or aim at required degree of accuracy.This means that required redundance can be applied in the manufacture process.As a result, can not reduce output ground manufacturing installation.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the another kind of LCD device that provides comprises:
(a) be positioned at first substrate of the plane of incidence;
(b) with the second fixing substrate of first substrate opposite;
Second substrate is positioned at exit facet;
(c) be clipped in liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate;
Liquid crystal layer comprises a kind of liquid crystal;
Liquid crystal layer and first and second substrate constitute lcd segment;
(d) be used to collimate the collimating apparatus of incident light;
Collimating apparatus is positioned on the plane of incidence;
(e) be used to control first Polarization Controller of incident light polarization state;
First Polarization Controller is positioned at the plane of incidence;
First Polarization Controller comprises first polarizer and first quarter-wave plate;
(g) be used to control second Polarization Controller of incident light polarization state;
Second Polarization Controller is positioned at exit facet;
Second Polarization Controller comprises second polarizer and second quarter-wave plate; With
(h) be positioned at the viewing angle control element of exit facet.
About the LCD device of second aspect present invention, increase on according to the exit facet of the LCD device of first aspect viewing angle control element is set.Therefore, the visual angle is widened by viewing angle control element.This means not only and can improve the observation characteristic, and can improve fast response characteristic.Need not give unnecessary details, the device of second aspect has the advantage identical with the device of first aspect.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, provide a kind of method of the LCD of manufacturing device, this method can be used to make the LCD device of first and second aspects.The method comprising the steps of:
(a) provide first substrate that can make surface deformation by laser radiation; With
(b) surface irradiation of first substrate is had laser corresponding to the specific intensity distribution of each pixel, on first substrate, form lenticule thus.
Method about according to the manufacturing LCD device of third aspect present invention is provided with first substrate that is out of shape by laser radiation in step (a), then, and having corresponding to the laser radiation of the specific intensity distribution of each pixel surface to first substrate.Therefore, on the surface of first substrate, form concavo-convex according to intensity distributions.As a result, on first substrate, form lenticule.This means and made first or the LCD device of second aspect.
The accompanying drawing summary
In order more easily to implement the present invention, be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the partial structurtes schematic section that is illustrated in the existing LCD device that has microlens array on the plane of incidence and the exit facet;
Fig. 2 is the partial structurtes schematic section according to the LCD device of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 A and 3B are respectively the principle of operation synoptic diagram according to the device of first embodiment shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 A～4D is respectively the principle of operation synoptic diagram according to the device of first embodiment shown in Figure 2, compares with existing apparatus;
Fig. 5 is the partial structurtes schematic section according to the LCD device of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 A～6C is respectively the local schematic section of expression according to the method for third embodiment of the invention manufacturing LCD device, wherein forms a protruding microlens array on substrate;
Fig. 7 A～7C is respectively the local schematic section of expression according to the method for fourth embodiment of the invention manufacturing LCD device, wherein forms a recessed microlens array on substrate;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation that is used for the laser irradiation device of the method for third and fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 7 A～7C and Fig. 8 A～8C;
Fig. 9 A～9B is respectively the local schematic section that expression is used for the viewing angle control device structure of LCD device of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is the local schematic section along XA-XA line among Figure 10 B, and expression has wherein adopted the arrangement of liquid crystal molecule to divide according to the structure of LCD device of the present invention;
Figure 10 B is the partial structurtes schematic section of LCD device shown in Figure 10 A;
Figure 11 is the partial schematic plan view of expression shape instance of the pixel electrode of LCD device according to the present invention;
Figure 12 is the partial schematic plan view of expression shape instance of the pixel electrode of LCD device according to the present invention;
Figure 13 is the partial schematic plan view of expression shape instance of the pixel electrode of LCD device according to the present invention;
Figure 14 is the partial schematic plan view of expression shape instance of the pixel electrode of LCD device according to the present invention;
Figure 15 A is the local schematic section along XA-XA line among Figure 10 B, and expression has wherein adopted the arrangement of liquid crystal molecule to divide according to the structure of LCD device of the present invention;
Figure 15 B is the local schematic section of LCD device architecture shown in Figure 15 A;
Figure 16 is the partial schematic plan view of expression shape instance of the pixel electrode of LCD device according to the present invention;
Figure 17 A is the local schematic section along XVIIA-XVIIA line among Figure 17 B, and expression has wherein adopted the arrangement of liquid crystal molecule to divide according to the structure of LCD device of the present invention;
Figure 17 B is the partial structurtes schematic section of LCD device shown in Figure 17 A;
Figure 18 is the partial schematic plan view of expression shape instance of the pixel electrode of LCD device according to the present invention;
Figure 19 is the partial schematic plan view of expression shape instance of the pixel electrode of LCD device according to the present invention;
Figure 20 A is the local schematic section along XXA-XXA line among Figure 20 B, and expression has wherein adopted the arrangement of liquid crystal molecule to divide according to the structure of LCD device of the present invention;
Figure 20 B is the local schematic section of LCD device architecture shown in Figure 20 A;
Figure 21 is the local schematic section according to the modified structure of first embodiment of the invention LCD device;
Figure 22 is the local schematic section according to another modified structure of first embodiment of the invention LCD device.
Detailed description of the invention
Next will describe the present invention in detail.
The LCD device of first and second aspects is included in the summary of the invention respectively according to the present invention The combination of described element. But, also can change in the following manner and retrofit.
Viewing angle control element preferably removably forms. In this case, by using another The Replacement control element of individual generation different visual angles and adjustable visual angle as required. Perhaps, Control element can comprise a kind of liquid crystal of polymer diffusion, wherein changes liquid by applying voltage Brilliant transmissivity size and adjustable visual angle.
Can between first polarizer and first substrate, increase a half-wave (λ/2) is set Element. Can also between second polarizer and second substrate, increase another half-wave is set Sheet.
Preferably form collimater by a microlens array, wherein this microlens array has with right The lenticule that should distribute in the matrix form of each pixel. Preferably microlens array is by passing through photograph The material of penetrating laser and being out of shape (such as sheet) is made, and the surface of this array and first substrate Be combined into one.
Preferably the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer has negative birefringence or optical anisotropy, wherein ought not execute During making alive, the arrangement of the molecule of liquid crystal and first substrate approximate vertical. Perhaps, liquid crystal layer Liquid crystal has positive birefringence or optical anisotropy, wherein when not applying voltage, liquid crystal Molecule and first substrate almost parallel ground are arranged.
First substrate arrange scan signal electrode or lead, data electrode or data/address bus with And thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT), wherein TFT is positioned at by scan signal electrode or lead and number In each pixel region according to electrode or lead restriction. Optical filter is set to carry out at first substrate The colour of each pixel shows. Pixel electrode is formed on the optical filter in the mode of external coating. With pixel electrode public relative or opposite electrode is set relatively on the second substrate.
Each electrode that is preferably formed on the first substrate can have symmetrical shape. Second base The electrode that forms on the plate covers the whole electrode on the first substrate, and than the electricity on the first substrate Extremely wide.
Each electrode on the first substrate has lower array structure. Specifically, on the first substrate Each electrode has the depression that comprises entirely or partly be formed on the symmetric position place or recessed Structure. Each electrode on the second substrate has the structure that comprises projection, when along first substrate When normal direction is observed, projection be formed on all or in part with first substrate on electrode right Claim axle overlapping position. Electrode on the second substrate has a kind of structure that comprises opening, when When observing along the normal direction of first substrate, opening is formed on and first substrate all or in part On the overlapping position of symmetry axis of electrode.
Preferably in specific angular range, have the film of light scattering characteristic or have by a kind of The incident light that specific angle is distributed is transmitted as the film with function that another angle distributes, and forms the angle Control element. As a kind of film, can be scattering film or the refraction with forescatering characteristic (such as Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. makes rate according to the film of change in location " Lumistry ").
For the ease of the handover operation between wide visual angle and the narrow visual angle, be preferably formed as and be easy to dismantle Viewing angle control element. And, replace dismountable viewing angle control element, can be poly-by utilizing The liquid crystal layer 20 of compound diffusion forms this element, as described in Fig. 9 A and 9B. Layer 20 comprises one Plant polymer substrate 20a and the liquid crystal particle or the liquid crystal drop 20b that are dispersed among the whole matrix 20a. In the case, apply a suitable voltage by 21 pairs of layers 20 of voltage source. When not applying During voltage, layer 20 is in its scattering state, shown in Fig. 9 A, wherein can obtain wider looking The angle. When applying voltage, layer 20 is in its transmission or collimating status, shown in Fig. 9 B, its In can obtain narrower visual angle. Therefore, can advance at an easy rate by being switched on or switched off voltage Handover operation between line width visual angle and the narrow visual angle.
If viewing angle control element is set, then this element is widened the function at visual angle. Therefore, Liquid crystal layer needn't have wider visual angle. This means can be from the existing operation mould of relative broad range Select a kind of liquid crystal of required mode in the formula. But, have big product value (Δ nd) (that is, Delay) liquid crystal cell or lcd segment can be used for improving response speed and reducing driving voltage. This is because viewing angle control element provides the function of widening the visual angle.
(Δ nd) value (that is, postponing) of liquid crystal cell or liquid crystal layer can be according to the mould of liquid crystal Formula changes slightly. For example, can arrive greatly with (Δ nd) value the liquid of 400nm～800nm Brilliant box replaces the big liquid crystal cell to 300nm～400nm of (Δ nd) value. In the case, Preferably the box thickness d is as much as possible little. But, too little such as the compartmentalized box for holding assorted fruits and candies thickness d, then can cause lead In the shortcoming that the signal transmission is delayed and the write capability of TFT descends. Therefore, need to be excellent Change the box thickness d. In the present invention includes the embodiment of viewing angle control element, the visual angle of box itself Can be narrower, the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of box can be according to Δ n and the driving voltage scope from 2 μ m～15 μ m In choose. Enlarged like this range of choice.
In LCD device of the present invention, by first polarizer and first quarter-wave The combination of elongate elements changes the polarization state of incident light, then light is introduced liquid crystal layer. Therefore, no Need Accurate align to be positioned at the axle of two polarizers of liquid crystal layer both sides, this has provided made The redundancy of journey. Particularly, when in normal black pattern, adopting vertical alignment, can get To following advantages.
Specifically, about the vertical alignment in the normal black pattern, if do not apply voltage, The orientation of liquid crystal molecule is perpendicular to substrate. Thereby, with respect to prolonging perpendicular to the incident light of substrate Be zero late. Even this means the thickness of liquid crystal cell fluctuation is arranged, dark attitude pixel can not transfer to bright yet Attitude. In LCD device of the present invention, only adopted the light perpendicular to first substrate incident, And therefore vertical alignment is highly beneficial.
In this mode, LCD device of the present invention is high-contrast, and circularly polarized light can advance Enter in liquid crystal layer. Thereby, if tilt simply liquid crystal molecule by applying voltage, then Display screen or pixel will be independent of incline direction and become clear. The result has does not need liquid crystal molecule This extra advantage of orientation control (such as friction) has improved the free degree that designs pixel, and And enlarged the selectable range of liquid crystal. In addition, do not need negative compensation film to widen the visual angle, and And the delay that therefore needn't carry out between film and the liquid crystal layer is regulated, and is convenient to like this system of device Make.
In the vertical alignment of normal white mode, if tilt simply by applying voltage Liquid crystal molecule, then display screen will be independent of incline direction and be dark attitude. The result has does not need liquid This extra advantage of orientation control (such as friction) of brilliant molecule, improved the design pixel from By degree, and enlarged the selectable range of liquid crystal. In addition, do not need negative compensation film to widen The visual angle. These are identical with normal black pattern.
If horizontal film is used for first and second substrates, and at the liquid crystal that evenly is orientated Apply voltage with the inclination liquid crystal molecule on the layer, then need compensate for residual to postpone, in order to compensate dark attitude Show that this is with the normal black pattern of employing or normal white mode has nothing to do. Therefore, take residual delay as zero The fixing single shaft plus or minus retardation compensation film of mode. In this stage, positive retardation compensation film is placed The optical axis of compensate film is perpendicular to the position of the optical axis of liquid crystal. To bear retardation compensation film and place compensate film Optical axis be parallel to the position of liquid crystal optic axis. As a result, the initial orientation of preferred liquid crystal molecule is same One direction is arranged.
These can be applied to other horizontal pattern, as being used for the fast bend alignment mould of response The HAN that formula and level and arranged vertical are applied to respectively first and second substrates (horizontally Nematic phase) pattern.
Particularly about drive the active array addressing of each pixel by switch element such as TFT Type needs position precision highly for the positional alignment between optical filter and the pixel electrode. But, if at same substrate filter layer and switch element are set, then do not need first and Aligned in position between two substrates, this is favourable to manufacture process.
In the present invention, the first and/or second quarter-wave elongate elements can be close to liquid crystal Part is placed. In the case, can not get favourable part about parallax. But other is arranged also Advantage, namely improved anti-climate change, and can be with quarter-wave elongate elements itself As one or more layers collimation layer.
Specifically, about anti-climate change, the quarter-wave elongate elements in inquiring into is put In lcd segment, and therefore after assembling, be not subjected to UV (ultraviolet) light and humidity at all Impact. And, because UV light is not only absorbed by first polarizer, and by glass or Thick substrate that plastics are made absorbs, thus can prevent nearly all UV light arrive at four/ One wave plate. As a result, compare with the situation beyond the quarter-wave elongate elements places lcd segment, Can reduce significantly because the photogenic Quality Down of UV. In addition, quarter-wave unit Part is subjected to the impact of humidity hardly.
And the bonding between polarizer and quarter-wave elongate elements is optional. Therefore, suitable binding agent that can adhesive property is known is used for polarizer and makes substrate Glass or the bonding between the plastics. In other words, polarizer and quarter-wave elongate elements it Between binding agent throw off or separate owing to humidity probably. But, by with quarter-wave Elongate elements places this part, can address this problem. Therefore, can increase 1/4th The range of choice of the material of wavelength elements, and can improve at an easy rate other performance (as thoroughly Penetrate rate).
About arranging, if first and second quarter-wave plates place lcd segment, then four / one wave plate itself can be made by the material with liquid crystal characteristic. Therefore, the own tool of wave plate The function of arranging liquid crystal molecule is arranged. If adopt horizontally, then at least to first and second bases In the plate one needn't carry out orientation process (such as the coating of oriented material or film, friction etc.).
In order to widen wavelength dispersion, can adopt half-wave unit with the quarter-wave elongate elements Part. In the case, the half-wave element can be made by the material with liquid crystal characteristic. If this Sample can obtain identical with the situation that only the quarter-wave elongate elements is placed this part excellent The point.
If adopt two quarter-wave elongate elements to eliminate the birefringent characteristic of wave plate itself, then Preferably one of them wave plate has positive optical anisotropy (being birefringence), another one tool Negative optical anisotropy is arranged, such as disclosed Japan patent publications 5-113561 undetermined in 1993 Disclosed.
About LCD device of the present invention, do not need lcd segment is carried out " arrange and divide ". But, draw if the viewpoint of the brightness uniformity of slave plate and response speed is seen preferably to arrange Divide, then can carry out to arrange and divide. If like this, can realize arranging by known method Divide, as form projection, form the slit with vertical row at the electrode of first and second substrates Row are divided into a plurality of parts, or change the tilt angle of partial pixel by illumination beam, thereby divide Vertical or uniform the arrangement. But, set up below, simultaneously also paid close attention to electrode size and shape The structure of shape is favourable, because they do not increase the step of manufacturing process.
Specifically, the electrode that is formed on the first substrate has good symmetry, and forms Electrode on the covering of the electrode on second substrate first substrate, the wherein electrode on the second substrate Wider than the electrode on the first substrate. Herein, " good symmetry " means round-shaped, Or have three drift angles or more drift angles, such as triangle, pros, five jiaos, hexagonal ... Deng rule Polygon, as shown in figure 11. If like this, the electric field of inclination has good vertical symmetry The property, shown in Figure 10 A and 10B. Therefore, if liquid crystal arranged vertical and have negative dielectric Anisotropy, the then incline direction variation of liquid crystal molecule causes the arrangement of liquid crystal to be divided. In this case, form the division border at the center of pixel by spontaneous tilting electric field, Molecule is centroclinal to it from the edge of pixel. If the pixel electrode that forms has symmetry, Then molecule is centroclinal to it from the edge of pixel electrode, the result, and the arrangement of molecule is drawn thus Divide. Above-mentioned regular polygon needs not be accurate regular polygon, can have to a certain degree Distortion.
Typical LCD device has rectangular pixel electrodes. But, as shown in figure 12, best In pixel electrode, form the otch of a series of symmetric shapes. In the case, above-mentioned arrangement is drawn Divide and to be positioned at electrode corresponding to the part of each symmetric shape. Therefore, with all pixel electrodes The situation that is symmetrically formed has identical advantage. Shown in Figure 13 and 14, can be to first substrate On each electrode increase otch or projection. In the case, can accelerate to arrange division.
In order to ensure arranging the position of dividing, shown in Figure 15 A and 15B and 16, form Electrode can have one the depression 39. These structures or shape can be merged together. Best shape The depression 39 that becomes enters into following external coating 24. In the case, depression 39 can form Do not increase the complexity of forming process in the required degree of depth. Therefore, arrange the border quilt of dividing Stable is fixing.
About the arranged vertical of liquid crystal molecule, stable molecule is in order to form one applying under the voltage Plant helical arrangement. Preferably add the chirality agent with stable alignment more, improve thus response speed. The otch of pixel electrode or depression can be spiralitys in each pixel.
Shown in Figure 17 A and 17B and Figure 18 and 19, good symmetry can be had The roughly symmetrical centre of pixel electrode a cylinder or pillar 40 are set as sept. Circle Nuclear or core that post 40 is divided as orientation are so that divide level and smooth. Shown in Figure 20 A and 20B, For identical purpose, the division boundary of public electrode that can be on second substrate forms one Individual protruding 41. If protruding 41 stretch out on electrode symmetrically, then position and the figure of projection 41 The position consistency of the cylinder 40 shown in 18 and 19. And, for identical purpose, can The symmetrical public electrode of part on second substrate place forms an opening, and this opening is roughly corresponding The symmetrical centre of pixel electrode on first substrate.
About LCD device of the present invention, be preferably between pixel electrode and the public electrode and apply Voltage is with the initial orientation of control liquid crystal molecule, and polymerization is mixed into liquid with littler amount then Polymerization single polymerization monomer in the crystalline substance or oligomer improve certainty or the reliability of initial arrangement thus. Control During initial arrangement processed, the heating fluid crystal layer is to be converted to liquid crystal its isotropic phase. Afterwards, fall Low temperature applies voltage simultaneously between public electrode and pixel electrode, or simply public Apply voltage between electrode and the pixel electrode. The reaction of monomer or oligomer can be in heating process Take place before or therebetween or after the cooling procedure. If pass through at room temperature at public electrode and picture Apply voltage between the plain electrode and control initial arrangement, then can be before or after applying voltage Cause reaction. In this stage, can arrange division by common driving method, and Do not need to resemble that disclosed among the disclosed Japan patent publications 10-20323 undetermined in 1998 Sample to second or control electrode execute alive process.
As previously mentioned, the method according to third aspect present invention manufacturing LCD device comprises step: (a) provide first substrate, the surface of this substrate can be out of shape by irradiation laser; (b) To the surface irradiation laser of first substrate, this laser has specific strong corresponding to each pixel Degree distributes, and forms lenticule at first substrate thus.
About method of the present invention, can divide pattern according to required arrangement and pass through optical arrangement Method is controlled tilt angle in advance, improves thus the degree of certainty of initial arrangement control. If like this, The effect of tilting electric field and tilt angle be can apply synergistically, and tilting electric field and tilt angle applied One of situation compare, can more effectively realize arrange dividing. For example can adopt and comprise the official Any material that can group (such as cinnamic acid functional group), wherein have can be by using partially for this material The characteristic that the arrangement of photocontrol liquid crystal molecule of shaking is divided. Perhaps, can adopt a kind of polymeric material Material or the material with such specific character namely can pass through to use polarised light polymerization sensitising agent, This material is disclosed in paper " AM-LCD ' 96/IDW 96 Digest of Technical Papers, p337 " in. In the case, can use a kind of this material to form alignment layer, And by mask alignment layer is shone polarised light obliquely again, the mode that it carries out is so that according to row Row are divided and are formed required tilt angle. If the limit number of drift angle number or regular polygon is too many, then The essential operation amount that is used for optical arrangement increases. Therefore polygonal drift angle number is preferably disposed on 8～4 (being octagon～square).
These arrange the method for drawing is known. Even utilize these methods, also can be by a small amount of The arrangement of division is kept in the reaction that is mixed into polymerization single polymerization monomer in the liquid crystal or oligomer.
May be used on monomer of the present invention or oligomer is the solidifying monomer and low of photo-curing monomer, heat Polymers. If a kind of material comprises one of these monomers or oligomer, then can be used for the present invention, Even it comprises other one or more compositions. Can be used for " optics curing monomer of the present invention Or oligomer " word means and not only comprises monomer that can be by visible-light curing or oligomeric Thing, and comprise monomer or the oligomer that also can pass through the UV photocuring. The preferred latter (UV Curing monomer and oligomer) be easier to because process.
Except the monomer or oligomer that represent liquid crystal characteristic, if a kind of polymeric material tool The structure that is similar to liquid crystal molecule is arranged, and it just can be used for the present invention. But, polymeric material Can not be used for making liquid crystal aligning. Therefore, can use and have flexible any polymeric material The polymer of alkylidene chain (as comprise). Have flexible polymeric material and can comprise one Individual functional group, two functional groups or a plurality of functional group (three or more functional groups).
Can be used for being exemplified below of optics of the present invention or UV curing monomer, they are with list The acrylate compounds of individual functional group.
2-EHA, acrylic acid butyl ethyl ester, acrylic acid butoxyethyl, propylene Acid 2-cyano group ethyl ester, acrylic acid benzene methyl, cyclohexyl acrylate, acrylic acid 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, third Olefin(e) acid 2-ethoxy ethyl ester, acrylic acid N, N-ethylamino ethyl ester, acrylic acid N, N-dimethyl Amino ethyl ester, acrylic acid two ring pentyl esters, acrylic acid two cyclopentene esters, glycidyl acrylate, The acrylic acid tetrahydro furfuryl ester, isobornyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, Acrylic acid morpholine ester, phenoxyethyl acrylate, phenoxy group diethylene glycol acrylate, acrylic acid 2,2,2-trifluoro ethyl ester, acrylic acid 2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl ester, acrylic acid 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro propyl ester, Acrylic acid 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro butyl ester.
Can be used for being exemplified below of optics of the present invention or UV curing monomer, they are with list The methacrylate compound of individual functional group.
2-Ethylhexyl Methacrylate, metering system acid butyl ethyl ester, methacrylic acid fourth oxygen The base ethyl ester, methacrylic acid 2-cyano group ethyl ester, methacrylic acid benzene methyl, methacrylic acid ring Own ester, methacrylic acid 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, methacrylic acid 2-ethoxy ethyl ester, methacrylic acid N, N-ethylamino ethyl ester, PDMAEMA, methacrylic acid two The ring pentyl ester, methacrylic acid two cyclopentene esters, GMA, metering system The acid tetrahydro furfuryl ester, isobornyl methacrylate, isodecyl methacrylate, metering system The acid lauryl, methacrylic acid morpholine ester, methacrylic acid ethyl phenoxy, phenoxy group diethyl two The alcohol methacrylate, methacrylic acid 2,2, the 2-trifluoro ethyl ester, methacrylic acid 2,2,3,3-four The fluorine propyl ester, methacrylic acid 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluroprobutyl alcohol.
Can be used for being exemplified below of optics of the present invention or UV curing monomer, they are with many The acrylate compounds of individual functional group.
4,4 '-diphenyl diacrylate, diethylstilbestrol diacrylate, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dipropyl Alkene acyloxy benzene, 4,4 '-two propylene acyloxy diphenylethanes (ethel), 4,4 '-two acryloyls Oxygen base diphenyl methane, 3,9-two [1,1-dimethyl-2-acryloxy ethyl]-2,4,8,10-four Spiral shell [5,5] hendecane, α, α '-two [4-acryloxy phenyl]-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-diisopropyl benzene, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dipropyl Alkene acyloxy-phenyl tetrafluoride, 4,4 '-two propylene acyloxy octafluoro biphenyl, diethylene glycol diacrylate, The BDO diacrylate, the 1,3-BDO diacrylate, two cyclopenta diacrylates, The glycerine diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediyl ester, neopentylglycol diacrylate, Tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, the acid of pentaerythrite tetrapropylene Ester, pentaerythritol triacrylate, two (trimethylolpropane) tetraacrylate, two seasons penta Tetrol six acrylate, dipentaerythritol monohydroxy five acrylate, 4,4 '-two propylene acyloxy Talan, 4,4 '-two propylene acyloxy dimethyl talan, 4,4 '-two propylene acyloxy two The ethyl talan, 4,4 '-two propylene acyloxy dipropyl talan, 4,4 '-two propylene acyl-oxygens Base diamyl talan, 4,4 '-two propylene acyloxy dihexyl talan, 4,4 '-two propylene Acyloxy difluorodiphenyl ethene, 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro pentane diol-1, the 5-diacrylate, 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoro propyl group-1,3-diacrylate, urethane acrylate oligomer.
Can be used for being exemplified below of optics of the present invention or UV curing monomer, they are with many The methacrylate compound of individual functional group.
The diethylene glycol dimethylacrylate, BDO dimethylacrylate, 1,3-fourth two The alcohol dimethylacrylate, two cyclopenta dimethylacrylates, glycerine dimethacrylate Ester, HDDMA, neopentylglycol dimethacrylate, tetrem two The alcohol dimethylacrylate, trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate, pentaerythrite tetramethyl Acrylate, pentaerythritol acrylate trimethyl, two (trimethylolpropane) tetramethyl third The olefin(e) acid ester, dipentaerythritol monohydroxy pentamethyl acrylate, 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro pentane two Alcohol-1,5-dimethylacrylate, urethane acrylate oligomer.
In addition, styrene, aminobenzene ethene, vinyl acetate also can be used for this purpose.
These materials that the invention is not restricted to herein enumerate.
LCD device drive voltage according to the present invention is subjected to that the interactional of interface influences between polymeric material and the liquid crystal.Thereby, can use the polymeric material that comprises fluorine (F), be exemplified below.
2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro pentane diol-1,5-dimethylacrylate, urethane methacrylate, 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoro propyl group-1,3-diacrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate, 2,2,3,3,3-five fluoropropyl acrylate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro propyl group acrylate, 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro butylacrylic acid ester, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro propyl ester, methacrylic acid 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro butyl ester, urethane acrylate oligomer.
When during as optics of the present invention or UV cured polymer material, adopting the initiating agent of light or UV to optics or UV curing monomer.Following any reagent can be used as initiating agent.[acetophenone system]
2,2 ,-diethoxy acetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-ketone, 1-(4-isopropyl phenyl)-2-hydroxyl-2 methyl-propane-1-ketone, 1-(4-dodecylphenyl)-2-hydroxyl-2 methyl-propane-1-ketone.
[benzoin system]
Benzoin methylether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin dimethoxym ethane
[benzophenone system]
Benzophenone, O-benzoyl benzoic ether, 4-phenyl benzophenone, 3,3-dimethyl-4-methoxy benzophenone
[thioxanthones system]
Thioxanthones, the 2-clopenthixal ketone, 2-methyl thioxanthones,
Diazo salt, sulfonium salt, salt compounded of iodine, selenium salt,
If pixel is with enough spaced apart, then the orientation of liquid crystal molecule is divided and can not produced any problem.But, if pixel closely distributes each other, then preferably adopting some inversion driving method, voltage is applied on the adjacent pixels in the mode of polarity opposite each other (that is plus or minus).If like this, then produce tilting electric field in preferred direction, cause required orientation to be divided like this.In addition, for making the sharpness that shows in the dynamic image better, increase the replacement operation that turns back to dark attitude demonstration.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LCD device comprises first substrate that is positioned at the plane of incidence, is positioned on the exit facet and relatively-stationary second substrate of first substrate, and is clipped in liquid crystal layer (being liquid crystal cell) between first and second substrates.Liquid crystal layer or liquid crystal cell comprise a kind of liquid crystal.Liquid crystal layer and first and second substrate constitute a lcd segment.
Collimating apparatus as the collimation incident light is provided with a microlens array on the plane of incidence.As incident light, adopt the light that sends from backlight.The array and the first substrate junction integrator.First Polarization Controller is positioned on the plane of incidence, and it comprises first polarizer and the first quarter-wave elongate elements.Second Polarization Controller is positioned on the exit facet, and it comprises one second polarizer and one second quarter-wave elongate elements.
As a result, collimated before incident light enters liquid crystal cell, and its polarization state is transformed into circular polarization.Then, circularly polarized light passes through lcd segment.Afterwards, change this polarization state of light to form emergent light.
Therefore, can control the optical transmission amount according to phase differential, the tilted alignment of these and liquid crystal molecule is irrelevant.Therefore, alignment layer and friction operation thereof are optional.Meanwhile, can obtain the bigger liquid crystal of transmissivity anisotropy, and therefore can realize the high-speed response of processes and displays dynamic image.
Detailed description of preferred embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
First embodiment
Fig. 2 represents the structure according to the LCD device of first embodiment of the invention.Fig. 3 A and 3B and Fig. 4 A and～the 4D principle of operation of indication device respectively.LCD device shown in Figure 2 comprises lcd segment or the liquid crystal cell with first substrate, second substrate and liquid crystal layer.First and second substrates are fixing in parallel with each other, and liquid crystal layer is clipped between the two substrates.On-off element such as TFT are formed on first substrate.Therefore, first substrate can be called " TFT substrate ", and second substrate can be called " opposite or relative substrate ".
The LCD device also comprises a microlens array 2a, quarter-wave plate (λ/4) 3a and 3b, polaroid 4a and 4b, optical plate 5, light source 6 and viewing angle control sheet 8.Microlens array 2a, quarter-wave plate 3a, polaroid 4a, optical plate 5 and light source 6 are positioned at the plane of incidence of LCD device.Quarter-wave plate 3b, polaroid 4b and viewing angle control sheet 8 are positioned at the exit facet of LCD device.
The plane of incidence surface combination of lenticule 2a and lcd segment 1 is integral.Light source 6 produces and sends L backlight to optical plate 5 INCombine as the polaroid 4a of Polarization Controller work and quarter-wave plate 3a L backlight INBe transformed into circularly polarized light, and consequent circularly polarized light is introduced microlens array 2a.
Combine and optionally arrive the outside by passing distribute 1 light of liquid crystal as the polaroid 4b of Polarization Controller work and quarter-wave plate 3b.The light of polaroid 4b has been passed through in 8 scatterings of viewing angle control sheet, thereby improves viewing angle characteristic, causes emergent light L Out
Though the detailed structure of lcd segment 1 is not shown among the figure, if just can produce the electric field that is approximately perpendicular to first and second substrates but between the electrode of the electrode of first substrate and second substrate, apply voltage, then any structure can adopt, thus with the orientation change of the liquid crystal molecule normal direction to substrate.The optical filter that is used for color display can place second substrate (being ordinary construction) to go up or first substrate (being the CF-on-TFT structure).
The example of CF-on-TFT structure is shown in Figure 10 A and 10B.As shown in the figure, gate line 37 and gate electrode 30 are formed on the TFT substrate 28.Semiconductor layer or island 34 by public grid dielectric layer 31 to be formed on the substrate 28 with the overlapping mode of corresponding grid 30.Drain line 36 is formed on the corresponding grid 32 vertical with gate line 37.Source electrode 33 and drain electrode 32 are attached to semiconductor island 34 by the ohmic contact layer (not shown), form TFT thus.Form a passivation layer 27 to cover TFT.On layer 27, optionally form optical filter 26 to cover the viewing area of pixel.
On optical filter 26, form an external coating 24 so that the surfacingization of TFT board unit.Pixel electrode 23 is attached to corresponding source electrode 33 by the contact hole that passes external coating 24 and passivation layer 27.
On the other hand, on relative substrate 46, form a public opposite or comparative electrode 47 in the mode relative with pixel electrode 23.On the inside surface of substrate 28 and 36, form alignment layer 7a and 7b respectively.Alignment layer 7a and each specific arrangement that is implemented on the specific direction of 7b are handled.Liquid crystal layer 22 tegillum 7a and 7b insert and put.
As shown in Figure 2, the microlens array 2a that combines with the lower surface of TFT substrate 28 has the protruding lenticule 2aa that is distributed in the pixel corresponding position.The shape of lens 2aa and focus determine by this way, and promptly the light that sends from the window 5a of optical plate 5 can both pass lcd segment 1 with the form of collimated light beam for each pixel.Lens 2aa serves as the pointolite of light.Therefore, the combination of alternative source of light 6 and optical plate 5 can form the light emitting diode that distributes with matrix form.
Label 9 and 35 is represented liquid crystal molecule and light shield layer respectively.
To explain the method that forms array 2a among the 3rd embodiment below in detail.Because array 2a and TFT substrate 28 integrate, so an extra advantage is arranged, that is exactly a position correction of being convenient to the element of device.
Specifically, about utilizing the LCD device of collimated light, need correctly calibrate the incoming position and the incident angle of incident light with respect to locations of pixels.If be individually formed lcd segment 1 and array 2a, and afterwards they combined, then can produce the not shortcoming of the whole pixel of irradiation of light, and/or because move the position, light beam is with respect to the normal slope ground irradiation pixel of substrate 28.Different therewith, if substrate 28 and array 2a combine, then can correctly control the position relation (particularly angle) between them.As a result, can not produce this defective.
Can be called the film that the norbornadiene resin of " Arthone " that JSR corp. makes makes by polycarbonate or name and form quarter- wave plate 3a and 3b by drawing.The photosensitive monomer formation wave plate that perhaps, can have liquid crystal characteristic by utilization.Specifically, form an alignment layer by applying, carry out friction treatment for alignment layer at the optical axis direction of quarter-wave plate 4a, and the liquid crystal material that will have photosensitive group is coated on the oriented layer, wherein this liquid crystal material is announced in " Liquid Crystal; Vol.18, p.319,1995 ".The thickness of the liquid crystal material layer of Xing Chenging determines in the mode that the thickness d of optical anisotropy (being birefringence) Δ n and liquid crystal layer 22 long-pending (Δ nd) equals quarter-wave (λ/4) thus.Afterwards,, impel the reaction of photosensitive group, produce a kind of cross-linked structure, guarantee the Pareto diagram on the layer thus the liquid crystal material layer irradiation UV light of calibrating thus.
Replace to apply common alignment layer and the layer that applies thus carried out friction treatment, can use a kind of photochromics, as in [Japanese Journal of AppliedPhysics, Vol.31, p.2155,1992] disclosed like that.In the case, this material is shone polarized light to form an orientation pattern.Afterwards, be similar to make cross-linked structure mode to material irradiation UV light, guarantee orientation pattern thus.In the case, can adopt the UV light of polarization, so that improve the degree of orientation.
As previously mentioned, form viewing angle control sheet 8 by film, this film is at specific angle inscattering incident light, and perhaps this film has with specific angle distribution transmission incident light and with the function of different angle distribution outgoing beams.In order optionally to widen or narrow down the visual angle, being preferably formed as can be from the sheet 8 of apparatus assembly dismounting.Perhaps, can utilize the liquid crystal layer 20 of polymer diffusion to form sheet 8, shown in Fig. 9 A and 9B.When liquid crystal layer 20 not being applied voltage, shown in Fig. 8 A, light forms a visual angle that distributes and can obtain broad.When liquid crystal layer 20 is applied voltage, shown in Fig. 8 B, transmittance and can obtain narrower visual angle.By this way, switch wide visual angle and narrow visual angle by being switched on or switched off voltage simply.
Next, explain the operation of the LCD device of first embodiment with reference to figure 3A and 3B and Fig. 4 A～4D.In the explanation below, adopt the vertical calibration pattern.But, thereby on TFT and opposite substrate 28 and 36, form the evenly distributed place that the horizontal alignment layer forms liquid crystal molecule, can adopt any other pattern, and apply a normal electric field, thereby impel molecule tilt or rotation with respect to substrate 28 and 36 pairs of liquid crystal.For example, TN (twisted-nematic phase) pattern, STN (supertwist nematic phase) pattern, curved orientation pattern (can be called " π box ") and amorphous TN pattern all can be used for the present invention.
In Fig. 3 A and 3B, the polaroid 4a and the quarter-wave plate 3a that are positioned on the plane of incidence (i.e. the downside of figure) only allow right-circularly polarized light L CIRR By.The polaroid 4b and the quarter-wave plate 3b that are positioned on the exit facet (i.e. the upside of figure) only allow left circularly polarized light to pass through.The optical axis of the polarization direction of adjustment sheet 4a and 4b and sheet 3a and 3b and thickness are to carry out these functions.Specifically, polaroid 4a and 4b constitute a crossed polarizers.The coplane variations in refractive index direction of quarter- wave plate 3a and 3b is opposite.Sheet 3a and 3b intersect 45 ° mode with the polarization axle of its optical axis and sheet 4a and 4b and distribute.
But the present invention is not limited to this.Any other structure can adopt, as long as be provided for producing the device of circularly polarized light (combination by polaroid and quarter-wave plate forms) in every side of lcd segment 1.Randomly determine the polarization direction (a right or left side) of circularly polarized light.
Fig. 3 A represents not apply to lcd segment 1 with the pattern of homeotropic alignment the state of voltage.L backlight INCollimate by microlens array 2a, and be transformed into linearly polarized photon L by polaroid 4a LINBy quarter-wave plate 3a, light L LINBe divided into normal light component and unusual light component, 90 ° of the two phase shifts cause right-circularly polarized light L CIRRConsequent smooth L CIRREnter in the lcd segment 1.Under this state, the major axis of each elongate molecules 9 of liquid crystal is orientated perpendicular to substrate 28, and therefore at light L CIRRIn phase shift does not appear.Then, light L CIRREnter into the quarter-wave plate 3b on the exit facet, be transformed into linearly polarized photon at there light.But the polarization direction of the polaroid 4b on the exit facet is set to the polarization direction perpendicular to the sheet 4a on the plane of incidence.Therefore, light does not pass sheet 4b.This means that pixel is in dark attitude.
On the other hand, in the state shown in Fig. 3 B, voltage is applied to lcd segment 1.Molecule 9 is because the elastic force of the voltage that applies and molecule 9 itself and tilting to the direction that is parallel to substrate 28.The pitch angle of molecule 9 is along with the position increases near the center of lcd segment 1.If right-circularly polarized light L CIRREnter layer 1, then because the birefringent characteristic of molecule 9 and at light L CIRRIn phase differential appears, change light L thus CIRRPolarization state.Regulate the thickness of part 1 because equal the mode of π with phase differential, so light L CIRRBe transformed into left circularly polarized light L CIRLLight L CIRLBy quarter-wave plate 3b and polaroid 4b.This means that pixel is in bright attitude.
Explain the LCD device of first embodiment with reference to figure 4A～4D herein, and removed difference between the existing LCD device of quarter- wave plate 3a and 3b.
Fig. 4 A represents not apply the state of the existing device of voltage.Incident light is transformed into linearly polarized photon by polaroid 4a, and linearly polarized photon enters liquid crystal layer 22.Because molecule 9 is arranged in the normal direction of sheet 28, so light does not change ground, polarization direction by this part or layer 22.Light is stopped that by sheet 4b described pixel is in dark attitude.
Fig. 4 B represents to apply the state of the existing device of voltage.Incident light is polarized sheet 4a and is transformed into linearly polarized photon, and linearly polarized photon enters liquid crystal layer 22.Owing to apply voltage, molecule 9 tilts to the direction that is parallel to substrate 28.Under this state, if molecule 9 tilts 45 ° with respect to the polarization direction of sheet 4a and 4b, then light is by layer 1 and sheet 4b.As a result, pixel is in bright attitude.
But if molecule 9 is not equal to 45 ° with respect to the pitch angle of the polarization direction of sheet 4a and 4b, shown in Fig. 4 C, then the polarization direction of incident light and sheet 4b is unequal.As a result, described pixel is in dark attitude.
Specifically, about existing structure, transmission light quantity changes applying under the voltage, and therefore will reduce contrast, unless determine molecule 9 in advance because the vergence direction of voltage generation.Different therewith, about structure of the present invention, circularly polarized light enters box 1, and therefore produces identical phase differential in layer 22, and the vergence direction of this phase differential and molecule 9 is irrelevant, shown in Fig. 4 D.Therefore, transmission light quantity remains unchanged when applying voltage, and this is a significant advantage.This means does not need alignment layer and can save friction process.
Have only when incident light is collimated by microlens array 2a to obtain this advantage, and quarter- wave plate 4a and 4b lay respectively at the plane of incidence and the exit facet of liquid crystal layer 22.If the light oblique incidence, even then have only quarter- wave plate 4a and 4b to be positioned at the plane of incidence and the exit facet of liquid crystal layer 22, phase differential also will be dependent on the vergence direction of molecule 9 and change.And even quarter- wave plate 4a and 4b are not set, incident light is collimated by array 2a, and phase differential also will be dependent on the vergence direction of molecule 9 and change.As a result, under these two kinds of situations, can not get advantage of the present invention.The formation and the friction process of oriented layer are absolutely necessary at this.
By forming the microlens array 2a that combines with TFT substrate 28, accurately the position between array of controls 2a and the substrate 28 concerns.Because incident light is transformed into circularly polarized light and enters liquid crystal layer 1 again by the combination of polaroid 4a and quarter-wave plate 3a, so the accurate calibration of the axle of sheet 4a and 4b is optional, and simultaneously, can obtain the redundance of manufacturing process.And, have the big anisotropic liquid crystal of refractive index if adopt, then can obtain high-speed response as required.
Particularly, if normal black pattern is implemented vertical alignment, if then molecule 9 tilts simply by applying voltage, then pixel and molecule 9 vergence directions are irrespectively bright.Thereby, the advantage that does not need orientation process such as friction treatment is arranged, the degree of freedom of design pixel increases, and selects the scope of liquid crystal material to strengthen.And, not needing to be used to widen the negative layer of compensation at visual angle, the delay between layer of compensation and the liquid crystal layer 1 is optional, is convenient to manufacturing process.
In addition, quarter- wave plate 3a and 3b can be close to lcd segment 1 placement.Can a half-wave plate 50 be set extraly between first substrate and first polaroid, another half-wave plate 51 be set extraly, as shown in figure 21 between second substrate and second polaroid.Widened the wavelength spread like this.
As previously mentioned, can be placed on quarter- wave plate 3a and 3b in the lcd segment 1, as shown in figure 22.
In order to arrange division, can in substrate, form a depression or a plurality of depression, perhaps a projection or a plurality of projection.Can be by the partial pixel illumination beam be changed tilt angle.The shape of electrode can change as Figure 11～14 ground.This is with identical aforementionedly.
Second embodiment
Fig. 5 represents the structure of the LCD device of second embodiment of the invention.This device has the structure identical with first embodiment, and just microlens array 2a and optical plate 5 are combined into one, and wherein do not have part 1.
LCD device of the present invention shown in Figure 5 comprise have first (TFT substrate), the lcd segment 1 of second substrate (opposite or relative substrate) and liquid crystal layer.First and second substrates are fixing in parallel with each other, and liquid crystal layer is clipped between these two substrates.On first substrate, form on-off element such as TFT.
LCD device shown in Figure 5 also comprises a microlens array 2b, quarter-wave plate (λ/4) 3a and 3b, polaroid 4a and 4b, optical plate 5, light source 6 and viewing angle control sheet 8.Microlens array 2b, quarter-wave plate 3a, polaroid 4a, optical plate 5 and light source 6 are positioned on the plane of incidence of LCD device.Quarter-wave plate 3b, polaroid 4b and viewing angle control sheet 8 are positioned on the exit facet.
Different with the array 2a of first embodiment, the exit facet of microlens array 2b and optical plate 5 is combined into one.Light source 6 produces L backlight INAnd directive optical plate 5.L backlight INWindow 2bb by array 2b enters array 2b from optical plate 5.Array 2b collimated light beam L INPolaroid 4a and quarter-wave plate 3a joint operation are with the L backlight of collimation INBe transformed into circularly polarized light, and the light that will change is thus introduced part 1.Polaroid 4b and quarter-wave plate 3b joint operation optionally arrive exit facet by the light beam that passes part 1.The light of sheet 4b has been passed through in 8 scatterings of viewing angle control sheet, thereby improves viewing angle characteristic, causes emergent light L OUT
Though the detailed structure of lcd segment 1 is not shown among Fig. 5, but can adopt any structure, as long as produce the electric field be approximately perpendicular to first and second substrates, thus with the orientation change of liquid crystal molecule normal direction to first and second substrates by between the electrode on the electrode on first substrate and second substrate, applying voltage.Can on second substrate (being ordinary construction), be provided for the optical filter of color display, and can on first substrate (being the CF-on-TFT structure), optical filter be set.
The microlens array 2b that is combined into one with optical plate 5 has the lenticule 2ba that is distributed in corresponding to location of pixels.The shape of lens 2ba and focus determine that by this way promptly the light that has entered through window 2bb passes through box 1 with the form of collimated light.Lens 2ba serves as pointolite.Therefore, replace lens 2ba, can form light emitting diode with the form of matrix array.
Because array 2b and plate 5 form one, wherein there is not first substrate, so there is the shortcoming that to control the position correction of required element well.But, an extra advantage is arranged, promptly the material of first substrate and the restriction of manufacture method are loosened.Specifically, if the array 2a and the first substrate junction integrator described in first embodiment, need to select to be used for the suitable material of first substrate, to be considered as the material of array 2b simultaneously.When array 2a is formed on the back side of first substrate, there is the surperficial contaminated possibility of first substrate.Different therewith, can form liquid crystal cell 1 with common known method in a second embodiment.
When on liquid crystal layer 22, not applying voltage with vertical alignment mode, as shown in Figure 3A, by microlens array 2a collimated back L IN, and be transformed into linearly polarized photon L by polaroid 4a again LINBy quarter-wave plate 3a, linearly polarized photon L LINBe transformed into right-circularly polarized light L CIRRLight L CIRREnter liquid crystal layer 22.Under this state, the major axis of each elongate molecules of liquid crystal is orientated perpendicular to substrate 28, and therefore at light L CIRRIn phase shift does not appear.Then, light L CIRREnter into the quarter-wave plate 3b on the exit facet, at there light L CIRRBe transformed into linearly polarized photon.But the polarization direction of the polaroid 4b on the exit facet is set to the polarization direction perpendicular to the sheet 4a on the plane of incidence.Therefore, light does not pass sheet 4b.This means that described pixel is in dark attitude.
On the other hand, in the state shown in Fig. 3 B, voltage is applied to liquid crystal layer 22.Molecule 9 is because the elastic force of the voltage that applies and molecule 9 itself and tilting to the direction that is parallel to substrate 28.The pitch angle of molecule 9 is along with the position increases near the center of liquid crystal layer 22.If right-circularly polarized light L CIRREnter layer 1, then because the birefringent characteristic of molecule 9 and at light L CIRRIn phase differential appears, change light L thus CIRRPolarization state.Regulate the thickness of part 1 because equal the mode of π with phase differential, so light L CIRRBe transformed into left circularly polarized light L CIRLLight L CIRLBy quarter-wave plate 3b and polaroid 4b.This means that described pixel is in bright attitude.
Therefore, about the structure of the present invention of second embodiment, circularly polarized light entering part 1, and therefore identical phase differential appears in part 1, irrelevant with the vergence direction of molecule 9.Thereby, keep transmission light quantity constant applying under the voltage, this is a significant advantage.This means does not need oriented layer and can save friction process.
Because by microlens array 2b collimation incident light L INAnd the combination by polaroid 4a and quarter-wave plate 3a is transformed into circularly polarized light again.Afterwards, circularly polarized light enters lcd segment 1.Therefore, be similar to first embodiment, do not need the accurately axle of corrector strip 4a and 4b, and can obtain redundance simultaneously for manufacture process.And, if adopt liquid crystal, then can obtain high-speed response as required with big refractive index anisotropy Δ n.
In a second embodiment, microlens array 2b next-door neighbour optical plate 5 is placed, and polaroid 4a and quarter-wave plate 3a proximate portion 1 are placed simultaneously.But microlens array 2b can proximate portion 1 place, and polaroid 4a and quarter-wave plate 3a can be close to optical plate 5 placements.
The 3rd embodiment
The third embodiment of the present invention relates to the method for making the LCD device.Fig. 6 A～6C represents the step of this method, and Fig. 7 represents to be used for the structure of this side's laser equipment.
In the following description, be formed with the TFT substrate 10 of TFT in fact with known commonsense method manufacturing, below only explain the procedure of processing that forms microlens array.
At first, as shown in Figure 6A, utilize or do not utilize cementing agent to link POLYCARBONATE SHEET or plate 11 that a thickness is about 50 μ m at the back side of TFT substrate 10.
Next, shown in Fig. 6 B, for example the form with pulse is the KrF excimer laser 13 of 248nm to sheet 11 illumination wavelength.Irradiation is carried out during with about 500 pulses, utilizes plain conductor, semiconductor layer and/or collimating marks on the substrate 10 that laser 13 is alignd with substrate 10 simultaneously.
It is circular curve shown in Fig. 6 b that the competency degree of laser 13 distributes.The intensity of (being between the neighbor) is approximately 1200mJ/cm around the intensity distributions 2, the intensity of the bottom of intensity distributions (being the center of pixel) is approximately 250mJ/cm 2Because irradiating laser 13, POLYCARBONATE SHEET 11 is decomposed and evaporation, causes the protruding lenticule 15a of each pixel on the substrate 10, shown in Fig. 6 C.The cross section of lenticule 15a is the mirror image of the intensity distributions of laser 13.The position precision of lenticule 15a is enough high.
Laser beam shown in Fig. 6 B distributes and realizes by laser equipment shown in Figure 8.Lasing light emitter 6 produces and emission pulse laser.Light is launched into the optical system 17 that comprises fly lens (fry-eye lens) and retro reflective mirror, and the smooth top that thus beam shaping is become to have the fixed energies district distributes.Afterwards, flat-top laser shines substrate 19 by dielectric mask 18.The shape of light beam is regulated as required by mask.
Form mask by the dielectric layer that deposition is suitable on quartz base plate.If the material and the variation in thickness of the dielectric layer of deposition, then transmissivity can change as required.If the pattern of dielectric layer forms island, then can obtain to have the required transmissivity of required form.
About make the method for LCD device according to the 3rd embodiment, on substrate 10, form the lenticule 15 of one.Therefore, guaranteed position precision between lenticule 15a and the substrate 10.Thus can be easily and assemble the LCD device reliably.
The 4th embodiment
The fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to the method for making the LCD device.Fig. 7 A～7C represents the step of this method.
At first, shown in Fig. 7 A, utilize or do not utilize cementing agent acryl resin sheet or plate 14 to be attached to the back side of TFT substrate 10.
Next, shown in Fig. 7 B, for example, to sheet 14 illumination wavelength the XeCl excimer laser 13 of 308nm with the form of pulse.Light 13 is mottled.Carry out the irradiation of light 13 with about 400 pulses, utilize plain conductor, semiconductor layer and/or collimating marks on the substrate 10 simultaneously with respect to substrate 10 calibration beams 13.
The energy intensity distributional class of laser 13 is crooked like Gaussian distribution ground, shown in Fig. 7 b.The diameter of light 13 is substantially equal to the opening of pixel.Intensity is roughly 800mJ/cm in the bottom (that is the center of pixel) of light beam 2Because the irradiation of light 13, acryl resin sheet 14 decomposes and evaporation, causes the recessed lenticule 15b of each pixel on the substrate 10, shown in Fig. 7 C.The position precision of lenticule 15b is enough high.
In third and fourth embodiment, form microlens array by polycarbonate or acrylic sheet 11 or 14.But, also can be with other material as being used for this purpose by the plastics of irradiating laser distortion.TFT substrate 10 can be formed by plastic material itself, as forming TFT substrate 10 by polyethers phenol (PES).In the case, microlens array can form by the back side direct irradiation laser to substrate.
Remodeling
Need not give unnecessary details, the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description.In the scope of essence of the present invention, can increase various variations and remodeling.
Though above preferred form of the present invention is described, should be appreciated that the various remodeling that carry out all will be conspicuous for those skilled in the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from essence of the present invention.Therefore, scope of the present invention is limited uniquely by following claim.

Claims (32)

1. liquid crystal display device comprises:
(a) be positioned at first substrate of the plane of incidence;
(b) at the second fixing substrate of first substrate opposite;
Second substrate is positioned at exit facet;
(c) be clipped in liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate;
Liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal;
Liquid crystal layer and first and second substrate constitute lcd segment;
(d) be used to collimate the collimating apparatus of its incident light;
Collimating apparatus is positioned on the plane of incidence;
(e) be used to control first Polarization Controller of its incident light polarization state;
First Polarization Controller is positioned at the plane of incidence;
First Polarization Controller comprises first polarizer and first quarter-wave plate; With
(g) be used to control second Polarization Controller of its incident light polarization state;
Second Polarization Controller is positioned at exit facet;
Second Polarization Controller comprises second polarizer and second quarter-wave plate.
2. device as claimed in claim 1 also is included in the half-wave plate of placing between first or second polaroid and first or second substrate.
3. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that collimating apparatus is one and has a plurality of lenticular microlens arrays, and lenticule is scattered in a matrix array corresponding with each pixel.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that microlens array by can by the material that irradiating laser is out of shape make and
The back side of the lens arra and first substrate is combined into one.
5. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer has negative anisotropy specific inductive capacity; With,
When not applying voltage to liquid crystal layer, the arrangement of the molecule of liquid crystal and the first substrate approximate vertical.
6. device as claimed in claim 5 it is characterized in that liquid crystal has optical anisotropy Δ n, and the thickness of liquid crystal layer is d; With
The product of anisotropy Δ n and thickness d (Δ nd) is in the scope of 400～800nm.
7. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer has positive anisotropy specific inductive capacity; With,
When not when liquid crystal layer applies voltage, the arrangement of liquid crystal molecule has uniform structure.
8. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that having scan signal electrode, data electrode and pixel electrode on first substrate; With
Second substrate has an opposite electrode relative with pixel electrode.
9. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that each electrode on first substrate has the shape of symmetry; With
Opposite electrode on second substrate covers the entire electrode on first substrate, and wideer than the electrode on first substrate.
10. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that each electrode on first substrate has the shape of a series of symmetries.
11. device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that each electrode on first substrate has a depression in the position corresponding to axis of symmetry.
12. device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that each electrode on first substrate has a column spacer in the position corresponding to symcenter.
13. device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that the electrode on second substrate has the structure that comprises projection, when when the normal direction of first substrate is observed, described projection whole or partly be formed on first substrate on the axis of symmetry position overlapped place of electrode.
14. device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that the electrode on second substrate has a kind of structure that comprises opening, when when the normal direction of first substrate is observed, opening whole or partly be formed on first substrate on the axis of symmetry position overlapped place of electrode.
15. a liquid crystal display device comprises:
(a) be positioned at first substrate of the plane of incidence;
(b) at the second fixing substrate of first substrate opposite;
Second substrate is positioned at exit facet;
(c) be clipped in liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate;
Liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal;
Liquid crystal layer and first and second substrate constitute lcd segment;
(d) be used to collimate the collimating apparatus of its incident light;
Collimating apparatus is positioned on the plane of incidence;
(e) be used to control first Polarization Controller of its incident light polarization state;
First Polarization Controller is positioned at the plane of incidence;
First Polarization Controller comprises first polarizer and first quarter-wave plate;
(g) be used to control second Polarization Controller of its incident light polarization state;
Second Polarization Controller is positioned at exit facet;
Second Polarization Controller comprises second polarizer and second quarter-wave plate; With
(h) be positioned at the viewing angle control element of exit facet.
16. device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that the viewing angle control sheet is dismountable; With
The visual angle is regulated by replacing this viewing angle control sheet with other viewing angle control sheet.
17. device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that the viewing angle control sheet comprises the liquid crystal layer of polymer diffusion; With
The transmissivity of the liquid crystal layer of polymer diffusion changes by apply voltage on the liquid crystal layer of polymer diffusion, regulates the visual angle thus.
18. device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that also comprising a half-wave plate of placing between first polaroid and first substrate.
19. device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that the collimated light generator is a microlens array, this array has a plurality of lenticules that are scattered in the matrix array corresponding with each pixel.
20. device as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that microlens array by can by the material that irradiating laser is out of shape make and
The back side of the lens arra and first substrate is combined into one.
21. device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer has negative anisotropy specific inductive capacity; With,
When not applying voltage to liquid crystal layer, the molecule of liquid crystal and first substrate are generally perpendicularly arranged.
22. device as claimed in claim 21 it is characterized in that liquid crystal has optical anisotropy Δ n, and the thickness of liquid crystal layer is d; With
The product of anisotropy Δ n and thickness d (Δ nd) is in the scope of 400～800nm.
23. device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer has positive anisotropy specific inductive capacity; With,
When not when liquid crystal layer applies voltage, the arrangement of liquid crystal molecule has uniform structure.
24. device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that having scan signal electrode, picture intelligence electrode and pixel electrode on first substrate; With
Second substrate has an opposite electrode relative with pixel electrode.
25. device as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that each electrode on first substrate has the shape of symmetry; With
Opposite electrode on second substrate covers the entire electrode on first substrate, and wideer than the electrode on first substrate.
26. device as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that each electrode on first substrate has the shape of a series of symmetries.
27. device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that each electrode on first substrate has a depression in the position corresponding to axis of symmetry.
28. device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that each electrode on first substrate has a column spacer in the position corresponding to symcenter.
29. device as claimed in claim 25, it is characterized in that the electrode on second substrate has the structure that comprises projection, when when the normal direction of first substrate is observed, projection whole or partly be formed on first substrate on the axis of symmetry position overlapped place of electrode.
30. device as claimed in claim 25, it is characterized in that the electrode on second substrate has a kind of structure that comprises opening, when when the normal direction of first substrate is observed, opening whole or partly be formed on first substrate on the axis of symmetry position overlapped place of electrode.
31. a method of making the LCD device comprises step:
(a) provide first substrate that can make surface deformation by irradiating laser; With
(b) surface irradiation of first substrate is had laser corresponding to the specific intensity distribution of each pixel, on first substrate, form lenticule thus.
32. method as claimed in claim 31 is characterized in that the surface of first substrate is made by the material that is selected from polycarbonate, acryl resin and polyethersulfone.
CNB021426988A 2002-09-18 2002-09-18 LCD device and mfg method thereof Expired - Lifetime CN1312515C (en)

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CN1916702B (en) * 2005-04-29 2010-05-26 统宝光电股份有限公司 Liquid crystal displays
CN101542366B (en) * 2007-03-20 2011-06-15 索尼株式会社 Display device
CN108292059A (en) * 2015-12-17 2018-07-17 日本瑞翁株式会社 Liquid crystal display device
CN112346267A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-09 天津佳视智晶光电科技有限公司 Display device with switchable display visual angle and preparation method thereof
CN113867038A (en) * 2021-09-22 2021-12-31 北海惠科光电技术有限公司 Optical film, backlight assembly and display device

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KR0135922B1 (en) * 1993-12-16 1998-04-27 다테이시 요시오 Liquid crystal projector and liquid crystal display device using micro lens plate
JPH10197844A (en) * 1997-01-09 1998-07-31 Sharp Corp Liquid crystal display device
US5940149A (en) * 1997-12-11 1999-08-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Planar polarizer for LCD projectors
KR100720093B1 (en) * 2000-10-04 2007-05-18 삼성전자주식회사 liquid crystal display

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1916702B (en) * 2005-04-29 2010-05-26 统宝光电股份有限公司 Liquid crystal displays
CN101542366B (en) * 2007-03-20 2011-06-15 索尼株式会社 Display device
CN108292059A (en) * 2015-12-17 2018-07-17 日本瑞翁株式会社 Liquid crystal display device
CN112346267A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-09 天津佳视智晶光电科技有限公司 Display device with switchable display visual angle and preparation method thereof
CN112346267B (en) * 2020-11-10 2022-10-25 嘉盛应用材料(河南)有限公司 Display device with switchable display visual angle and preparation method thereof
CN113867038A (en) * 2021-09-22 2021-12-31 北海惠科光电技术有限公司 Optical film, backlight assembly and display device
CN113867038B (en) * 2021-09-22 2023-09-29 北海惠科光电技术有限公司 Optical film, backlight assembly and display device

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