CN112345729B - Device for indoor soil body cavity expansion experiment - Google Patents
Device for indoor soil body cavity expansion experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112345729B CN112345729B CN202011184491.1A CN202011184491A CN112345729B CN 112345729 B CN112345729 B CN 112345729B CN 202011184491 A CN202011184491 A CN 202011184491A CN 112345729 B CN112345729 B CN 112345729B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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Abstract
An apparatus for indoor soil body cavity expansion experiments, comprising: the device comprises a transparent acrylic soil box, a groove type wooden bottom plate, an axial uniform expansion device, a cavity displacement monitoring device, a transparent telescopic acrylic hole and a soil body displacement monitoring system; the cavity displacement monitoring device is used for detecting the diameter change of the axial uniform expansion device; the soil body displacement monitoring system is used for collecting and analyzing soil change data to obtain a change rule cloud picture of the displacement of the internal soil body. The invention can better meet the requirement of soil displacement monitoring precision and is suitable for various experiments for monitoring the displacement of the soil body inside.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of non-excavation indoor experimental design, in particular to a device for an indoor soil body cavity expansion experiment.
Background
The non-excavation technology is widely applied to the fields of municipal engineering (such as pile foundation engineering and the like), geothermal exploitation, oil and gas engineering and the like, and the problem of disturbance of liquid pressure in holes on surrounding rock and soil bodies is researched. The expansion problem of the cylindrical hole of the soil body or the rock body is a common engineering application problem in geotechnical engineering, a research object is usually an isotropic rock-soil body with a spherical cavity or a cylindrical cavity, and the expansion process of the rock-soil body under the action of internal pressure is analyzed. Experimental studies of column pore expansion can be applied to the following: tracing the state of a soil plastic balance area: once the boundary conditions are met, all the related quantities (stress, pore ratio, friction force, expansion angle) of the plastic zone, the ultimate expansion pressure and the hole expansion radius can be obtained, and the tracking of the soil state can be realized; calculating the ultimate reaming pressure and the plastic area radius: when the displacement of the cavity boundary is equal to the initial radius of the cavity, the pressure acting on the spherical or cylindrical hole wall is the ultimate reaming pressure, and after the cavity is expanded, the surrounding soil body can form a certain plastic area, wherein the radius of the plastic area is the radius of the plastic area; ③ spherical pore expansion curve: the theoretical pressure expansion curve can be drawn for comparison analysis with the actual measurement curve, so that the radial stress and the hoop stress of each unit in the plastic area can be obtained about the soil density and the stress state, the stress-strain curve rule of the soil body from the formation of the plastic area to the time when the limit reaming radius is reached can be revealed, and the elastic-plastic interface is clarified to gradually get away from the cavity along with the expansion of the cavity. In the indoor experimental process of studying soil body displacement, the displacement monitoring inside the soil body is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device for indoor soil body cavity expansion experiment for solving the technical problems in the prior art, which comprises: the device comprises a transparent acrylic soil box, a groove type wooden bottom plate, an axial uniform expansion device, a cavity displacement monitoring device, a transparent telescopic acrylic hole and a soil body displacement monitoring system;
transparent ya keli soil box includes: the first transparent acrylic plate, the second transparent acrylic plate, the third transparent acrylic plate and the fourth transparent acrylic plate;
the first transparent acrylic plate, the second transparent acrylic plate, the third transparent acrylic plate and the fourth transparent acrylic plate are vertically arranged to form a rectangle with an upper opening and a lower opening; the first transparent acrylic plate and the fourth transparent acrylic plate form two opposite surfaces of a rectangle, and the second transparent acrylic plate and the third transparent acrylic plate form the other two opposite surfaces of the rectangle;
a circular opening is formed in the center of the first transparent acrylic plate; the transparent acrylic soil box is detachably arranged on the upper surface of the groove type wooden bottom plate; the transparent retractable acrylic hole is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first transparent acrylic plate and covers the circular opening; the axial uniform expansion device (8) penetrates through the transparent telescopic acrylic hole and the circular opening, is inserted into the transparent acrylic soil box and is fixed;
the cavity displacement monitoring device is used for detecting the diameter change of the axial uniform expansion device; the soil body displacement monitoring system is used for collecting and analyzing soil change data to obtain a change rule cloud picture of the displacement of the internal soil body.
Further, a transverse angle iron is arranged between the outer surfaces of the second transparent acrylic plate and the third transparent acrylic plate; the transverse angle iron is arranged in parallel to the groove type wooden bottom plate and used for reinforcing the transparent acrylic soil box; first transparent inferior gram force board the transparent inferior gram force board of second the transparent inferior gram force board of third with the base of the transparent inferior gram force board surface of fourth all sets up a horizontal angle bar, is used for with transparent ya keli soil box detachable fixes on the slot type wood system bottom plate.
Furthermore, a first groove and a second groove are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the groove-type wooden bottom plate; a third groove, a fourth groove and a fifth groove are formed in one side of the groove-type wooden bottom plate, and a sixth groove, a seventh groove and an eighth groove are symmetrically formed in the other side of the groove-type wooden bottom plate;
the first groove, the second groove, the third groove, the fourth groove, the fifth groove, the sixth groove, the seventh groove and the eighth groove form a plurality of rectangular grooves with different sizes, wherein the first groove and the second groove form two short sides of the rectangular grooves;
the lower part of transparent ya keli soil box with the shape of rectangle recess suits, changes the size of transparent ya keli soil box can adapt to the rectangle recess of unidimensional not.
Further, the transparent retractable acrylic hole comprises: the expansion hole, the fixing plate and the pull rod; the pull rod is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the expansion hole, the expansion hole is matched and fixed on the circular hollow part in the center of the fixing plate, and the pull rod is slidably matched and embedded into the sliding groove in the fixing plate; the diameter of the expansion hole is equal to that of the circular opening; when the pull rod slides along the sliding groove, the pull rod drives the sliding plate on the expansion hole to slide outwards, so that the expansion hole can be expanded into a circular hole.
Further, the axial uniform expansion device includes: the expansion shaft and the expansion sleeve are sleeved on the outer surface of the expansion shaft in a matching manner; one end of the expansion shaft is provided with an air nozzle for inflating the expansion shaft; the expansion shaft and the expansion sleeve are provided with an expandable steel coil; after the expansion shaft is inflated, the steel coil is driven to unfold, and the steel coil drives the expansion sleeve to expand, so that the axial diameter of the axial uniform expansion device is increased.
Further, the cavity displacement monitoring device includes: the pull-wire type displacement meter is fixedly arranged on one side of the transparent telescopic acrylic hole, and the fixed end is fixedly arranged on the other side of the transparent telescopic acrylic hole; the displacement meter pull rope is wound by one circle along one end of the axial uniform expansion device, one end of the displacement meter pull rope is connected with the stay wire type displacement meter, and the other end of the displacement meter pull rope is connected with the fixed end; when the axial uniform expansion device expands, one end of the stay cord of the displacement meter drives the fixed pulley in the stay-supported displacement meter to rotate, and the stay cord is used for measuring the diameter increase of the axial uniform expansion device.
Further, the soil body displacement monitoring system is arranged in front of the first transparent acrylic plate; the soil displacement monitoring system comprises a camera and a PC, and the camera is electrically connected with the PC; the camera is used for shooting the change condition of the soil to obtain the change data of the soil.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the transparent acrylic soil box and the upper surface of the groove type wooden bottom plate are pasted with PE-SE-PE films for preventing soil from leaking.
Furthermore, the transparent acrylic plates corresponding to two adjacent surfaces are fixedly connected through arranging longitudinal angle irons, and the transparent acrylic soil box is fixed by using four longitudinal angle irons; and the four longitudinal angle irons are arranged on the inner side of the transparent acrylic soil box.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
on the basis of a traditional soil leakage prevention box, silicone grease is added to form a PE-SE-PE film, so that on one hand, the friction of sandy soil on the surface of an acrylic plate can be reduced, and the experimental error is reduced, on the other hand, the double-layer PE film has a better leakage prevention effect, and the sandy soil can be better prevented from losing in the experimental process; the groove type wood bottom plate can limit sandy soil from flowing out of the bottom of the acrylic box on one hand, and can be selectively assembled into three different acrylic box sizes, and air pressure values can correspond to each other to achieve various experimental purposes; the axial uniform expansion device consists of an air bag, angle iron and a steel coil, wherein the angle iron and the air bag are fixedly attached, but the angle iron and the air bag and the steel coil freely slide, so that the radial expansion of the air bag is not influenced while the axial uniform expansion is ensured, the internal displacement of a soil body is converted to be close to an acrylic front panel so as to be convenient for photographing, sampling and observation, and the angle iron attached to the air bag and the peripheral steel coil cannot generate large friction to influence the selection of experimental parameters in the expansion process of the air bag; the transparent retractable acrylic hole is arranged as a combined mechanism of the fixing plate and the expansion hole, the connecting part can rotate freely, and the displacement of the soil body near the acrylic front panel can be observed conveniently under the condition that the expansion of the air bag is not influenced; the cavity diameter monitoring system is additionally provided with the fixed pulley and the fixed end according to the characteristics of the stay-supported displacement meter, the expansion diameter of the cavity can be monitored in real time through the acquisition instrument, and the expansion diameter corresponds to the air pressure and the displacement inside the soil body in real time, so that the arrangement of later-stage experimental data is facilitated. The invention can better meet the requirement of soil displacement monitoring precision and is suitable for various experiments for monitoring the displacement of the soil body inside.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a transparent acrylic soil box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view, side view and block diagram of a fluted wood flooring in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a front view and a side view of a transparent retractable acrylic hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic and front view of an axially uniform expansion device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic and front view of an expansion shaft in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an overall assembly view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a view showing a fixing structure of the angle iron according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a view illustrating a structure of a screw insertion structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1-first transparent acrylic plate, 2-second transparent acrylic plate, 3-third transparent acrylic plate, 4-fourth transparent acrylic plate, 1-1-round opening, 1-2-longitudinal angle iron, 1-3-transverse angle iron, 5-groove type wooden bottom plate, 5-1-first groove, 5-2-second groove, 5-3-third groove, 5-4-fourth groove, 5-5-fifth groove, 5-6-sixth groove, 5-7-seventh groove, 5-8-eighth groove, 6-transparent acrylic soil box, 7-transparent telescopic acrylic hole, 7-1-fixing plate, 7-2-expanding hole, 7-3-pull rod, 7-4-sliding chute, 7-5-sliding plate, 8-axial uniform expansion device, 8-1-expansion shaft, 8-2-expansion sleeve, 8-3-air nozzle, 8-4-steel coil, 9-cavity displacement monitoring device, 9-1-stay wire type displacement meter, 9-2-displacement meter pull rope, 9-3-fixed end and 10-screw.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-7, an apparatus for indoor soil cavity expansion experiments comprises: the device comprises a transparent acrylic soil box 6, a groove type wooden bottom plate 5, an axial uniform expansion device 8, a cavity displacement monitoring device 9, a transparent telescopic acrylic hole 7 and a soil body displacement monitoring system;
transparent ya keli soil box 6 includes: a first transparent acrylic plate 1, a second transparent acrylic plate 2, a third transparent acrylic plate 3 and a fourth transparent acrylic plate 4;
the first transparent acrylic plate 1, the second transparent acrylic plate 2, the third transparent acrylic plate 3 and the fourth transparent acrylic plate 4 are all vertically arranged to form a rectangle with an upper opening and a lower opening; the first transparent acrylic plate 1 and the fourth transparent acrylic plate 4 form two opposite surfaces of a rectangle, and the second transparent acrylic plate 2 and the third transparent acrylic plate 3 form the other two opposite surfaces of the rectangle;
a circular opening 1-1 is formed in the center of the first transparent acrylic plate 1; the transparent acrylic soil box 6 is detachably arranged on the upper surface of the groove type wooden bottom plate 5; the transparent retractable acrylic hole 7 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first transparent acrylic plate 1, and the transparent retractable acrylic hole 7 covers the circular opening 1-1; the axial uniform expansion device 8 penetrates through the transparent telescopic acrylic hole 7 and the circular opening 1-1 to be inserted into the transparent acrylic soil box 6 and fixed;
the cavity displacement monitoring device 9 is used for detecting the diameter change of the axial uniform expansion device 8; the soil body displacement monitoring system is used for collecting and analyzing soil change data to obtain a change rule cloud picture of the displacement of the internal soil body.
Further, a transverse angle iron 1-3 is arranged in the middle of the outer surface of each of the second transparent acrylic plate 2 and the third transparent acrylic plate 3; the transverse angle irons 1 to 3 are arranged in parallel to the groove type wooden bottom plate 5 and used for reinforcing the transparent acrylic soil box; first transparent inferior gram force board 1 the transparent inferior gram force board of second 2 the transparent inferior gram force board of third 3 with the base of the 4 surfaces of the transparent inferior gram force board of fourth all sets up a horizontal angle bar 1-3, be used for with 6 detachable of transparent inferior gram force soil box are fixed on slot type wood system bottom plate 5.
Further, a first groove 5-1 and a second groove 5-2 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the groove-type wooden soleplate 5; a third groove 5-3, a fourth groove 5-4 and a fifth groove 5-5 are formed in one side of the trough-type wooden soleplate 5, and a sixth groove 5-6, a seventh groove 5-7 and an eighth groove 5-8 are symmetrically formed in the other side of the trough-type wooden soleplate 5;
the first groove 5-1, the second groove 5-2, the third groove 5-3, the fourth groove 5-4, the fifth groove 5-5, the sixth groove 5-6, the seventh groove 5-7, and the eighth groove 5-8 form a plurality of rectangular grooves with different sizes, wherein the first groove 5-1 and the second groove 5-2 form two short sides of the rectangular grooves;
the lower part of the transparent acrylic soil box 6 is adapted to the shape of the rectangular groove, and the size of the transparent acrylic soil box 6 is changed to adapt to the rectangular grooves with different sizes. In the experiment, a plurality of first transparent acrylic plates 1 and fourth transparent acrylic plates 4 with different lengths can be manufactured, and the second transparent acrylic plate 2 can be inserted into the third groove 5-3, the fourth groove 5-4 or the fifth groove 5-5; the third transparent acrylic plate 3 can be inserted into the sixth groove 5-6, and also can be inserted into the seventh groove 5-7 or the eighth groove 5-8; the assembling mode can be changed according to the requirements of experiments, and the first transparent acrylic board 1, the second transparent acrylic board 2, the third transparent acrylic board 3 and the fourth transparent acrylic board 4 can be mutually assembled into transparent acrylic soil boxes 6 with different sizes in a matched mode; the depth of the grooves is 2/5 the thickness of the grooved wooden floor 5.
Further, the transparent retractable acrylic hole 7 includes: an expansion hole 7-2, a fixed plate 7-1 and a pull rod 7-3; the pull rod 7-3 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the expansion hole 7-2, the expansion hole 7-2 is matched and fixed with a circular hollow part in the center of the fixed plate 7-1, and the pull rod 7-3 is slidably matched and embedded into a sliding groove 7-4 on the fixed plate 7-1; the diameter of the expansion hole 7-2 is equal to that of the circular opening 1-1; when the pull rod 7-3 slides along the sliding groove 7-4, the pull rod 7-3 drives the sliding plate 7-5 on the expansion hole 7-2 to slide outwards, so that the expansion hole 7-2 can be expanded into a circular hole.
Further, the axially uniform expansion device 8 includes: the expansion shaft 8-1 and the expansion sleeve 8-2 are sleeved in a matched mode, and the expansion sleeve 8-2 is sleeved on the outer surface of the expansion shaft 8-1 in a matched mode; one end of the expansion shaft 8-1 is provided with an air tap 8-3 for inflating the expansion shaft 8-1; the expansion shaft 8-1 and the expansion sleeve 8-2 are provided with an expandable steel coil 8-4; after the expansion shaft 8-1 is inflated, the steel coil 8-4 is driven to unfold, and the steel coil 8-4 drives the expansion sleeve 8-2 to expand, so that the axial diameter of the axial uniform expansion device 8 is increased.
Further, the cavity displacement monitoring device 9 includes: the pull-wire type displacement meter comprises a pull-wire type displacement meter 9-1, a fixed end 9-3 and a displacement meter pull rope 9-2, wherein the pull-wire type displacement meter 9-1 is fixedly arranged on one side of the transparent telescopic acrylic hole 7, and the fixed end 9-3 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the transparent telescopic acrylic hole 7; the displacement meter pull rope 9-2 is wound by one circle along one end of the axial uniform expansion device 8, one end of the displacement meter pull rope 9-2 is connected with the pull-wire type displacement meter 9-1, and the other end of the displacement meter pull rope 9-2 is connected with the fixed end 9-3; when the axial uniform expansion device 8 expands, one end of the displacement meter pull rope 9-2 drives a fixed pulley in the stay wire type displacement meter 9-1 to rotate, and the stay wire type displacement meter is used for measuring the diameter increase of the axial uniform expansion device 8.
Further, the soil body displacement monitoring system is arranged in front of the first transparent acrylic plate; the soil displacement monitoring system comprises a camera and a PC, and the camera is electrically connected with the PC; the camera is used for shooting the change condition of the soil to obtain the change data of the soil.
Further, a PE-SE-PE film is pasted on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic soil box 6 and the upper surface of the groove type wooden bottom plate 5 and used for preventing soil from leaking; firstly, the inner wall of the transparent acrylic soil box 6 and the groove type wooden bottom plate 5 are pasted with a PE film, SE silicone grease is smeared on the PE film by a brush, and then a second layer of PE film is pasted on the SE silicone grease.
Further, the transparent acrylic plates corresponding to two adjacent surfaces are fixedly connected through arranging longitudinal angle irons 1-2, and the transparent acrylic soil box 6 is fixed by using four longitudinal angle irons 1-2; the four longitudinal angle irons 1-2 are all arranged on the inner side of the transparent acrylic soil box 6.
Referring to fig. 7-8, the manner of fixing the angle iron is as follows: a hole is formed in the position, where the vertical angle iron 1-2 is vertically arranged, connected with the horizontal angle iron 1-3 which is horizontally arranged, of the small drilling machine, the size of the hole is matched with that of the fixing screw 10, a gasket is arranged between the screw 10 and the transparent acrylic plate in a cushioning mode, and therefore stress concentration at the contact position of the screw 10 and the transparent acrylic plate due to internal stress of the plate in the experimental process is prevented from damaging the transparent acrylic plate.
The device for the indoor soil body cavity expansion experiment provided by the invention has the following characteristics:
(1) the transparent acrylic soil box 6 designed by the invention adopts the groove-type wooden bottom plate 5, and the PE-SE-PE film anti-drag leakage-prevention mechanism is adhered on the transparent acrylic plate, so that the transparent acrylic soil box has better anti-leak and anti-drag performance compared with the prior experimental soil box device.
(2) The groove-type wooden bottom plate 5 designed by the invention is provided with a plurality of grooves, is suitable for the assembly requirements of indoor test soil boxes with different sizes, and can be matched with different expansion pressures to obtain more convincing soil displacement data.
(3) The transparent retractable acrylic hole 7 designed by the invention is attached to the first transparent acrylic plate 1, and the transparent retractable acrylic hole 7 gradually expands along with the expansion of the axial uniform expansion device 8, so that the displacement change of the soil body near the first transparent acrylic plate 1 can be conveniently observed under the condition that the expansion of the axial uniform expansion device 8 is not influenced, and the monitoring of the displacement of the soil body inside can be realized by the mutual cooperation of the transparent retractable acrylic hole and the axial uniform expansion device 8.
(4) The axial uniform expansion device 8 designed by the invention is an expansion shaft 8-1-angle iron-steel coil combined mechanism, in order to compensate for an oval shape formed after the expansion shaft 8-1 expands (namely the middle expands most obviously and two ends expand less obviously), nine angle irons are attached to the surface of the expansion shaft 8-1, the bottoms of the angle irons are sealed by steel bars, a layer of steel coil 8-4 with an overlapped part is wrapped on the periphery, the inner diameter of the steel coil 8-4 is the diameter of the expansion shaft 8-1 plus the length of a perpendicular bisector of the angle iron, lubricating oil is added into the steel coil 8-4, the friction force of the sharp angle part of the angle iron on the steel coil is reduced, the steel coil 8-4 is driven to expand along with the expansion of the expansion shaft 8-1, and therefore, the expansion of the axial uniform expansion device 8 is realized.
The cavity diameter monitoring system adopted by the invention is characterized in that two fixed pulleys and a fixed end are additionally arranged on the basis of the traditional stay wire type displacement meter, a lubricating measure is applied to the stay rope to reduce the friction force of a soil body, the stay rope passes through the first fixed pulley, passes through the soil body and is wound around a steel coil for a circle, then passes through the fixed pulley above the soil body and is connected with the fixed end, and the stay rope is driven to extend through the expansion of the air bag, so that the change of the cavity diameter is monitored in real time.
In this embodiment, the installation steps of the device for the indoor soil body cavity expansion experiment and the experiment steps of the indoor soil body cavity expansion experiment are as follows:
s1, determining the size of the transparent acrylic soil box 6 according to the experimental requirement, and inserting the first transparent acrylic plate 1, the second transparent acrylic plate 2, the third transparent acrylic plate 3 and the fourth transparent acrylic plate 4 into corresponding grooves on the groove-type wooden bottom plate 5 according to the size of the transparent acrylic soil box 6;
s2, reinforcing the box body of the transparent acrylic soil box 6 and the joint of the transparent acrylic soil box 6 and the groove type wooden bottom plate 5 by using ten pieces of angle iron;
s3, installing the transparent retractable acrylic hole 7 on the outer surface of the first transparent acrylic plate 1 and covering the circular opening 1-1 on the first transparent acrylic plate 1; pulling the pull rod 7-3 on the transparent telescopic acrylic hole 7 to slide outwards for a short distance along the sliding groove 7-4 on the fixing plate 7-1, expanding the expansion hole 7-2 of the transparent telescopic acrylic hole 7 to the outer diameter of the axial uniform expansion device 8 when the axial uniform expansion device 8 is not inflated, and inserting the uninflated axial uniform expansion device 8 into the opening; winding the displacement meter pull rope 9-2 for a circle along the front end of the axial uniform expansion device 8, and connecting one end of the displacement meter pull rope 9-2 with the pull-wire type displacement meter 9-1 and the other end with the fixed end 9-3 after fastening; adding soil into the transparent acrylic soil box 6 to fill four fifths of the space of the transparent acrylic soil box 6 with the soil;
s4, inflating the axial uniform expansion device 8 through the air nozzle 8-3, increasing the axial diameter of the axial uniform expansion device 8, driving the fixed pulley in the stay wire type displacement meter 9-1 to rotate, and measuring the diameter increase of the axial uniform expansion device 8; a camera on a soil displacement monitoring system in front of the first transparent acrylic plate 1 shoots the expansion condition of the soil to obtain the change data of the soil;
and S5, inputting the change data of the soil and the diameter increment of the axial uniform expansion device 8 into a pc machine, and analyzing by using Matlab-Piv software, thereby obtaining a change rule cloud chart of the displacement of the internal soil body.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a device that is used for indoor soil body cavity inflation experiment which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a transparent acrylic soil box (6), a groove type wooden bottom plate (5), an axial uniform expansion device (8), a cavity displacement monitoring device (9), a transparent telescopic acrylic hole (7) and a soil body displacement monitoring system;
the transparent acrylic soil box (6) comprises: the transparent plate comprises a first transparent acrylic plate (1), a second transparent acrylic plate (2), a third transparent acrylic plate (3) and a fourth transparent acrylic plate (4);
the first transparent acrylic plate (1), the second transparent acrylic plate (2), the third transparent acrylic plate (3) and the fourth transparent acrylic plate (4) are all vertically arranged to form a rectangle with an upper opening and a lower opening; the first transparent acrylic plate (1) and the fourth transparent acrylic plate (4) form two opposite surfaces of a rectangle, and the second transparent acrylic plate (2) and the third transparent acrylic plate (3) form the other two opposite surfaces of the rectangle;
a circular opening (1-1) is arranged at the center of the first transparent acrylic plate (1); the transparent acrylic soil box (6) is detachably arranged on the upper surface of the groove type wooden bottom plate (5); the transparent retractable acrylic hole (7) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first transparent acrylic plate (1), and the transparent retractable acrylic hole (7) covers the circular opening (1-1); the axial uniform expansion device (8) penetrates through the transparent telescopic acrylic hole (7) and the circular opening (1-1) and is inserted into the transparent acrylic soil box (6) and fixed;
the cavity displacement monitoring device (9) is used for detecting the diameter change of the axial uniform expansion device (8); the soil displacement monitoring system is used for collecting and analyzing soil change data to obtain a change rule cloud picture of the internal soil displacement;
the cavity displacement monitoring device (9) comprises: the pull-wire type displacement meter comprises a pull-wire type displacement meter (9-1), a fixed end (9-3) and a displacement meter pull rope (9-2), wherein the pull-wire type displacement meter (9-1) is fixedly arranged on one side of the transparent telescopic acrylic hole (7), and the fixed end (9-3) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the transparent telescopic acrylic hole (7); the displacement meter pull rope (9-2) is wound by one circle along one end of the axial uniform expansion device (8), one end of the displacement meter pull rope (9-2) is connected with the stay wire type displacement meter (9-1), and the other end of the displacement meter pull rope (9-2) is connected with the fixed end (9-3); when the axial uniform expansion device (8) expands, one end of the displacement meter pull rope (9-2) drives a fixed pulley in the pull-wire type displacement meter (9-1) to rotate, and the fixed pulley is used for measuring the diameter increment of the axial uniform expansion device (8);
transparent retractable type ya keli hole (7) includes: an expansion hole (7-2), a fixing plate (7-1) and a pull rod (7-3); the pull rod (7-3) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the expansion hole (7-2), the expansion hole (7-2) is matched and fixed with a circular hollow part in the center of the fixing plate (7-1), and the pull rod (7-3) is slidably matched and embedded into a sliding groove (7-4) on the fixing plate (7-1); the diameter of the expansion hole (7-2) is equal to that of the circular opening (1-1); when the pull rod (7-3) slides along the sliding groove (7-4), the pull rod (7-3) drives the sliding plate (7-5) on the expansion hole (7-2) to slide outwards, so that the expansion hole (7-2) can be expanded into a circular hole.
2. The device for indoor soil body cavity expansion experiments is characterized in that a transverse angle iron (1-3) is arranged in the middle of the outer surface of each of the second transparent acrylic plate (2) and the third transparent acrylic plate (3); the transverse angle iron (1-3) is arranged in parallel to the groove type wooden bottom plate (5) and used for reinforcing the transparent acrylic soil box; first transparent inferior gram force board (1) the transparent inferior gram force board of second (2) the transparent inferior gram force board of third (3) with the base of the transparent inferior gram force board of fourth (4) surface all sets up a horizontal angle bar (1-3), is used for with transparent inferior gram force soil box (6) detachable is fixed on slot type wood system bottom plate (5).
3. The device for indoor soil cavity expansion experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two ends of the groove type wooden floor (5) are symmetrically provided with a first groove (5-1) and a second groove (5-2); a third groove (5-3), a fourth groove (5-4) and a fifth groove (5-5) are formed in one side of the groove type wood soleplate (5), and a sixth groove (5-6), a seventh groove (5-7) and an eighth groove (5-8) are symmetrically formed in the other side of the groove type wood soleplate (5);
the first groove (5-1), the second groove (5-2), the third groove (5-3), the fourth groove (5-4), the fifth groove (5-5), the sixth groove (5-6), the seventh groove (5-7) and the eighth groove (5-8) form a plurality of rectangular grooves with different sizes, wherein the first groove (5-1) and the second groove (5-2) form two short sides of the rectangular grooves;
the lower part of transparent ya keli soil box (6) with the shape of rectangle recess suits, changes the size of transparent ya keli soil box (6), can adapt to the rectangle recess of not unidimensional.
4. An apparatus for indoor soil cavity expansion experiments according to claim 1, wherein the axial uniform expansion apparatus (8) comprises: the expansion shaft (8-1) and the expansion sleeve (8-2), wherein the expansion sleeve (8-2) is sleeved on the outer surface of the expansion shaft (8-1) in a matching manner; one end of the expansion shaft (8-1) is provided with an air tap (8-3) for inflating the expansion shaft (8-1); an expandable steel coil (8-4) is arranged on the expansion shaft (8-1) and the expansion sleeve (8-2); after the expansion shaft (8-1) is inflated, the steel coil (8-4) is driven to unfold, and the steel coil (8-4) drives the expansion sleeve (8-2) to expand, so that the axial diameter of the axial uniform expansion device (8) is increased.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the soil displacement monitoring system is disposed in front of the first transparent acrylic plate; the soil displacement monitoring system comprises a camera and a PC, and the camera is electrically connected with the PC; the camera is used for shooting the change condition of the soil to obtain the change data of the soil.
6. The device for indoor soil cavity expansion experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the transparent acrylic soil box (6) and the upper surface of the groove type wooden bottom plate (5) are adhered with PE-SE-PE films for preventing soil leakage.
7. The device for indoor soil cavity expansion experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transparent acrylic plates corresponding to two adjacent surfaces are fixedly connected through arranging longitudinal angle irons (1-2), and the transparent acrylic soil box (6) is fixed by using four longitudinal angle irons (1-2) in total; the four longitudinal angle irons (1-2) are all arranged on the inner side of the transparent acrylic soil box (6).
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