CN112343597A - Horizontal bottom-cutting descending long-wall fully-mechanized coal mining method for steep non-thick coal seam - Google Patents
Horizontal bottom-cutting descending long-wall fully-mechanized coal mining method for steep non-thick coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN112343597A CN112343597A CN202011370069.5A CN202011370069A CN112343597A CN 112343597 A CN112343597 A CN 112343597A CN 202011370069 A CN202011370069 A CN 202011370069A CN 112343597 A CN112343597 A CN 112343597A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal bottom-cutting descending long-wall fully-mechanized coal mining method for a steep non-thick coal seam, which comprises the following steps: (1) the stope face is horizontally arranged along the coal seam trend; (2) arranging an upper crossheading and a lower crossheading on a stope along the coal seam inclination; (3) the stope face adopts a crawler-type bottom-cutting coal mining machine to drop and load coal, a telescopic belt conveyor to convey the coal, a descending hydraulic support to support and a natural caving method to manage a top plate; (4) and (5) pushing the stope face. The invention mines the coal resources of the non-specific thick and steep inclined coal seam, reduces the waste and improves the economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a horizontal bottom-cutting descending longwall fully-mechanized coal mining method for a steep non-thick coal seam, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining.
Background
The coal seam with the dip angle larger than 45 degrees is a steep inclined coal seam. At present, most of mining areas in the major coal-producing province and city in China, such as a climbing flower mining area, a Guangwang mining area, a Chongqing Nantong mining area, a Tianfu mining area, a Xinjiang Wulu wood-qi mining area, a coal mine in the jurisdiction of building consortium, an Avicular ditch mine, a Gansu Huating mining area, a Jingyuan mining area, most of mining areas in Guizhou, a Heilongjiang duyashan, a Qitai river, a Hegang mining area, a Shuihi mining area and the like, have steeply inclined coal seams. The mining mine of the steep coal seam accounts for about 20 percent of the total number of coal mines in China, the stope face number of the steep coal seam accounts for about 8 percent of the total number of stope faces in China, and the yield is about 4 percent of the total yield of China. In southwest and Huainan areas and local coal mines, the yield proportion of steeply inclined coal seams is still higher.
At present, mechanized mining of steep coal seams below 60 degrees can be realized, and mechanized mining of ultra-thick coal seams above 60 degrees can also be realized by adopting a horizontal layered top coal caving coal mining method. However, blast mining is commonly adopted for non-thick coal seams with the temperature of more than 60 degrees, and common coal mining methods include a flexible shield support coal mining method, a pitch pseudo-inclined strike long wall subsection dense coal mining method and a step coal mining method.
The 'safety mining guidance suggestion of the steeply inclined coal seam' indicates that the steeply inclined coal seam is widely distributed in China, the occurrence conditions are complex, the number of mining mines is large, the mining difficulty is high, and in recent years, a plurality of serious accidents occur. In order to absorb accident teaching, the coal mining process innovation is actively promoted, and the safety mining technical level of the steeply inclined coal seam is improved. The coal mining method is selected according to the principles of safety, reliability, advanced technology and elimination lag, the mechanization level is continuously improved, the mining working face is reasonably arranged, the mining sequence is selected, the production management is strictly safe, and the safe production is ensured. Coal mining methods such as a long-wall coal mining method, a flexible shield support coal mining method, a horizontal layering (segment) coal mining method and the like are actively adopted. The method of coal mining in a warehouse is firmly eliminated. Therefore, mechanized mining of the steeply inclined coal seam is not slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for mining coal by fully mechanized longwall mining with horizontal bottom cutting and downward longwall mining of a steep non-extra-thick coal seam, aiming at solving the problem of long-wall mechanized mining in the mining process of the non-extra-thick coal seam with the angle of more than 60 degrees, and realizing safe, efficient and automatic mining.
The invention provides a horizontal bottom-cutting descending long-wall fully-mechanized coal mining method for a steep non-super-thick coal seam, which comprises the following specific implementation steps.
The method comprises the following steps: the stope face is horizontally arranged along the coal seam trend, the arrangement length L1 of the stope face along the coal seam trend is 50-300 m, and the pushing length of the stope face is L2 is 20-1000 m.
Step two: the stope face is provided with an upper crossheading and a lower crossheading along the coal seam inclination, the crossheading and the coal seam inclination can form a certain angle, alpha is 0-90 degrees, the upper crossheading carries coal and pedestrians, air is fed, and the lower crossheading carries materials and returns air.
Step three: the coal mining method comprises the steps that a crawler-type bottom cutting coal mining machine is adopted for coal dropping and loading on a stoping face, a telescopic belt conveyor is used for conveying coal, a descending hydraulic support is supported, and a top plate is managed by a natural collapse method.
And step four, propelling the stope face.
In the process of managing the top plate by a natural caving method, if the rock stratum of the top plate is hard and high in strength, forced caving or reserving the stage coal pillar can be performed to prevent the support from being damaged by rock burst, wherein the preferred forced caving method is blasting caving, and the reserved stage coal pillar is 10-20 m in width.
By arranging the recovery working face on the non-specific thick steep coal seam, the invention can effectively solve the problems of difficult recovery and serious waste of the coal resources of the non-specific thick steep coal seam.
The length of the stope face can be changed within a certain range, namely, the two roadways can be arranged in a non-parallel mode, so that the method can be suitable for mining the non-thick steep inclined coal seam influenced by coal seam occurrence and geological structure.
The mining face equipment can realize comprehensive mechanical mining of non-thick coal beds with the temperature of more than 60 ℃, is easy in equipment operation engineering and low in accident rate, and can realize economic, safe, efficient and green mining.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout view of a working face of a non-extra-thick steeply inclined coal seam mining system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line a-a' of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of B-B' of fig. 2.
The meanings of each figure in the figure are respectively as follows: 1-winch house; 2-a coal stream; 3-fresh air flow; 4-10101 transportation gate; 5, a concentrated air return main roadway; 6-centralized auxiliary transportation main lane; 7-10101 return air crossheading; 8-10101 working surface; 9-foul wind; 10, loading the inclined lane; 11-air shaft; 12-auxiliary well; 13-main well; 14-a telescopic belt conveyor; 15-transporting crossheading; 16-10101 work surface; 17-a coal stream; 18-bottom cutting coal mining machine (modified by a fully-mechanized excavating machine or a continuous mining machine); 19-a downward moving hydraulic support; 20-fresh air flow; 1-a downward moving hydraulic support; 22-bottom shearer.
Detailed Description
Engineering cases: in a certain mine in Huaibei, the average thickness of the coal bed is 2.3m, the average inclination angle of the coal bed is 53 degrees, the direct top of the coal bed is carbon mudstone, the basic top with the average thickness of 2.6m is fine sandstone, the average thickness is 3.5m, the direct bottom of the coal bed is mudstone, the average thickness is 1.5m, a stope face is planned to be arranged on the coal bed, and the non-thick steeply inclined coal bed is mined.
The method comprises the following steps: after the open-off hole tunneling is completed, a descending hydraulic support is installed, the side guard plate is opened, and the support height of the hydraulic support is 2300mm at the moment.
Step two: the coal mining machine carries out horizontal layered mining on the working surface on one side of the transportation gate way, and the layering height is determined according to the coal mining machine and the hydraulic support and is generally 1-2 m.
Step three: the coal mining machine is transported by a telescopic belt conveyor after being loaded with coal by a self loading mechanism.
Step four: the coal cutter cuts before the hydraulic support upright post, the upright post is lifted to a high position (if the coal bed is soft or thin, the upright post is supported on the top and bottom plate rocks, the lifting is not needed), and after the coal cutter completely passes through the upright post, the upright post is extended and re-supported.
Step five: and after the coal mining machine finishes one horizontal layer, returning to the transportation gate way to prepare for next layer mining.
Step six: the hydraulic supports are wholly or sectionally moved downwards to the low position.
And (5) mining the next layer, and repeating the steps.
Claims (8)
1. A horizontal bottom-cutting descending long-wall fully-mechanized coal mining method for a steep non-thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the stope face is horizontally arranged along the coal seam trend;
step two: arranging an upper crossheading and a lower crossheading on a stope along the coal seam inclination;
step three: the stope face adopts a crawler-type bottom-cutting coal mining machine to drop and load coal, a telescopic belt conveyor to convey the coal, a descending hydraulic support to support and a natural caving method to manage a top plate;
and step four, propelling the stope face.
2. The method for mining coal by fully mechanized mining with steep non-extra-thick coal seam with horizontal bottom cutting and long downward wall according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the arrangement length L1 of the stope face is 50-300 m, and the pushing length L2 of the stope face is 20-1000 m.
3. The method for mining coal by fully mechanized mining with steep non-extra-thick coal seam with horizontal bottom cutting and long downward wall according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the gate way and the coal seam trend can form a certain angle, and alpha is 0-90 degrees.
4. The method for mining coal by fully mechanized mining with steep non-extra-thick coal seam with horizontal bottom cutting and long downward wall according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second step, coal, pedestrians and air are conveyed to the upper crossheading, and materials and air are conveyed to the lower crossheading.
5. The method for mining coal by fully mechanized mining with steep non-extra-thick coal seam with horizontal bottom cutting and long downward wall according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the crawler-type bottom-cutting coal mining machine can use a continuous coal mining or fully mechanized coal mining machine.
6. The method for mining coal by fully mechanized mining with steep non-extra-thick coal seam with horizontal bottom cutting and long downward wall according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the width of the telescopic belt conveyor is 800mm, and meanwhile, the tail of the telescopic belt conveyor is provided with a hydraulic self-moving device and/or a bridge type transfer conveyor for realizing coal transportation on a working face.
7. The method for mining coal by fully mechanized mining with steep non-extra-thick coal seam with horizontal bottom cutting and long downward wall according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, descending hydraulic support's strut height H ═ 2000 ~ 3500mm, and hydraulic support is whole back timber area side guard plate structure simultaneously, and the stand is 6 ~ 8, and the stand supports on bottom plate coal seam or top bottom plate rock, adopts between the back timber to articulate.
8. The method for mining coal by fully mechanized mining with steep non-extra-thick coal seam with horizontal bottom cutting and long downward wall according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, in the process of managing the top plate by a natural collapse method, if the rock formation of the top plate is hard and has high strength, forced caving or reserving the stage coal pillar can be performed to prevent the support from being damaged by rock burst, wherein the preferred forced caving method is blasting caving, and the width of the reserved stage coal pillar is 10-20 m.
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102493838A (en) * | 2011-12-17 | 2012-06-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for fully mechanized continuously-filling coal mining of steeply pitching coal seam |
| CN102587913A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-07-18 | 重庆市能源投资集团科技有限责任公司 | Steeply inclined seam dip oblique strike longwall comprehensive mechanical coal mining method |
| CN103485786A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-01 | 太原理工大学 | Steeply inclined coal seam strike long-wall mechanization mining method |
| CN104314566A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2015-01-28 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | An oblique slicing section top-coal-caving coal mining method for a steeply pitching coal seam |
| CN106522953A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-03-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Dynamic segmented mining and caving technique for strike long-wall full-mechanized caving mining of high-dipping thick coal seam |
| US20200024944A1 (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2020-01-23 | Shandong University Of Science And Technology | Method of mining single steeply-inclined thick coal seam |
| CN111335894A (en) * | 2020-03-28 | 2020-06-26 | 西安科技大学 | Horizontal subsection small short wall fully mechanized caving mining method for steep thick coal seam |
| CN111561317A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-08-21 | 靳银祥 | Scraping coal mining method for steeply inclined coal seam |
-
2020
- 2020-11-30 CN CN202011370069.5A patent/CN112343597A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102493838A (en) * | 2011-12-17 | 2012-06-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for fully mechanized continuously-filling coal mining of steeply pitching coal seam |
| CN102587913A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-07-18 | 重庆市能源投资集团科技有限责任公司 | Steeply inclined seam dip oblique strike longwall comprehensive mechanical coal mining method |
| CN103485786A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-01 | 太原理工大学 | Steeply inclined coal seam strike long-wall mechanization mining method |
| CN104314566A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2015-01-28 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | An oblique slicing section top-coal-caving coal mining method for a steeply pitching coal seam |
| CN106522953A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-03-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Dynamic segmented mining and caving technique for strike long-wall full-mechanized caving mining of high-dipping thick coal seam |
| US20200024944A1 (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2020-01-23 | Shandong University Of Science And Technology | Method of mining single steeply-inclined thick coal seam |
| CN111561317A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-08-21 | 靳银祥 | Scraping coal mining method for steeply inclined coal seam |
| CN111335894A (en) * | 2020-03-28 | 2020-06-26 | 西安科技大学 | Horizontal subsection small short wall fully mechanized caving mining method for steep thick coal seam |
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