CN112343026B - Monitoring device and method for settlement of soft soil foundation of reinforced highway by preloading method - Google Patents
Monitoring device and method for settlement of soft soil foundation of reinforced highway by preloading method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112343026B CN112343026B CN202011302068.7A CN202011302068A CN112343026B CN 112343026 B CN112343026 B CN 112343026B CN 202011302068 A CN202011302068 A CN 202011302068A CN 112343026 B CN112343026 B CN 112343026B
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a settlement monitoring device for a soft soil foundation of a reinforced road by a preloading method and a using method thereof. The guide rods are made of Q235 steel and divided into four sections, and the guide rods are connected through a flange plate. The flange plate is divided into a flange plate and a right flange plate which are connected through bolts. The pull tab is made of Q235 steel and is co-settled with the soft soil layer. The deformation reading device consists of a laser range finder, a guide sheet, a slide rail, a slide sheet, a spring, a pulley, a bottom plate, a top plate, a beam sheet and a stringing bolt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soft soil layer deformation monitoring, in particular to a soft soil layer deformation monitoring device and a using method thereof.
Background
China is distributed with a large number of modern deposited soft soil strata, which have high water content, low strength and large compressibility. When a building is built on the stratum, the stratum needs to be pre-pressed by adopting a surcharge method so as to increase the strength of the stratum. The preloading method is mainly to fill heavy objects on the soft soil stratum so as to achieve the purpose of quickly reinforcing the soft soil foundation. However, the inventor finds that settlement of the soft soil foundation in the soft soil foundation treated by the preloading method is taken as a main observation index, so that the surface settlement of the soft soil foundation can be monitored only by equipment such as a total station instrument and a level instrument at present, and the settlement in the soft soil layer can be estimated only by the surface settlement without monitoring by the equipment at present, so that misjudgment of the internal settlement is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device for monitoring settlement of a soft soil foundation of a reinforced highway by a preloading method and a using method thereof.
The invention aims to provide a settlement monitoring device for a soft soil foundation of a reinforced highway by a preloading method, which can be used for monitoring the settlement deformation of a soil structure.
The invention provides a monitoring method for settlement monitoring of a soft soil foundation of a reinforced road based on a preloading method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a settlement monitoring device for a soft soil foundation of a road reinforced by a preloading method, which comprises a concrete base, a steel base, a guide rod, a pulling piece and a deformation reading device, wherein:
the concrete base is connected with the steel base, the steel base is connected with the guide rod, the guide rod comprises a plurality of sections, a sliding groove is formed in the axis direction of each section of the guide rod, a pulling piece is correspondingly arranged on each section of the guide rod, and the pulling piece can move up and down along the corresponding sliding groove on the guide rod; one pulling piece is connected with one deformation reading device through a steel wire rope; each deformation reading device consists of a laser range finder, a guide piece, a slide rail, a slide sheet, a spring, a pulley, a beam piece and a stringing bolt; the guide piece is provided with a slide rail for ensuring the vertical movement of the slide piece; the sliding sheet is rigidly connected with the steel wire rope, and a spring is arranged between the sliding sheet and the cross beam sheet; and a round hole is formed in the middle of the beam piece and used for ensuring that the steel wire rope passes through the round hole. The laser range finder is used for testing the displacement of the sliding sheet and is rigidly connected with the bottom plate.
In a second aspect, the present invention is based on the above deformation monitoring device, and further provides a using method, including the following steps:
(1) digging a soil pit with the size twice that of the concrete base in the foundation, leveling the bottom of the soil pit, placing the concrete base in the soil pit, and filling the soil pit with soil;
(2) connecting the concrete base with a steel base, and connecting the first section of guide rod with the steel base;
(3) the steel wire rope passes through the threading hole on the pulling-on piece, and the pulling-on piece and the steel wire rope are fixed at the bottom of the pulling-on piece by adopting a stop lever;
(4) placing the pull piece on the first section of guide rod, and enabling the other end of the steel wire rope to penetrate out of the top of the first section of guide rod;
(5) the steel wire rope penetrates through the second section of guide rod, and the second section of guide rod is connected with the first section of guide rod;
(6) the first section of steel wire rope passes through the wire passing hole at the corresponding position on the second section of pulling-on piece, the second section of steel wire rope passes through the wire passing hole on the second section of pulling-on piece, and the second section of pulling-on piece and the second section of steel wire rope are fixed at the bottom by adopting a stop lever;
(7) repeating the operations (4) to (6) to install the rest guide rods;
(8) connecting hooks on the multi-section steel wire rope with hooks on the steel wire rope connected with sliding pieces in corresponding directions, and inserting the steel wire rope and the hooks into the guide rod;
(9) connecting a deformation reading device with a guide rod, rotating a bolt on a sliding sheet, and adjusting the length of a steel wire rope to enable each pulling sheet to be positioned at the height of a corresponding monitoring point;
(10) and backfilling the soft soil layer, reading the initial reading of the laser range finder, filling the stacking soil layer on the soft soil layer, and reading the reading of the laser range finder according to the stacking time according to construction requirements, so that the soft soil layer settlement can be obtained.
The measurement principle of the invention is as follows:
the pulling piece is buried in the soil layer, and the pulling piece is driven to move when the soil layer is deformed. When the pulling piece moves, the deformation of the soil layer in the vertical direction is converted into the deformation of the soil layer in the vertical direction through the pulley and the steel wire. Further, deformation of the sliding sheet is monitored in real time through the laser range finder, and the purpose of monitoring soil layer deformation is achieved.
The linkage work of the pull pieces mainly utilizes the wire passing hole arranged on the pull piece, and the steel wire connected with the pull piece positioned below passes through the wire passing hole of the pull piece positioned above and is connected with the corresponding slide piece, so that the mutual influence among the pull pieces is avoided.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a settlement monitoring device for a soft soil foundation of a reinforced road by a preloading method, which can be used for monitoring internal settlement when the soft soil foundation is reinforced by the preloading method so as to judge the reinforcing effect of the soft soil foundation.
2. The invention can be used for monitoring soft soil foundations with different thicknesses by adding the guide rod.
3. The invention is processed by steel, which does not have negative effect on the whole strength of the foundation and increases the bearing capacity of the roadbed due to the effect of the composite foundation.
4. After the construction of the preloading method, the foundation settlement condition can be known through simple data reading.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is an overall view of a settlement monitoring device for soft soil foundation of a road reinforced by a preloading method;
FIG. 2 is a concrete base and a steel base;
FIG. 3 is a first section through a third section of a guide rod and a flange;
FIG. 4 shows a fourth section of the guide bar and flange;
FIG. 5 is a flange;
FIG. 6 is a pull tab and wire rope;
FIG. 7 is a displacement reading apparatus;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a concrete base, a steel base, 3 guide rods, 4 flange plates, 5 pull pieces, 6 deformation reading devices, 7 soft soil layers, 8 holding layers, 9 first sections of guide rods, 10 cross-shaped sliding grooves, 11 cross-shaped baffle plates, 12 circular baffle plates, 13 fourth sections of guide rods, 14 left flange plates, 15 right flange plates, 16 bolts, 17 steel wire ropes, 18 threading holes, 19 threading holes, 20 threading holes, 21 hooks, 22 laser range finders, 23 guide pieces, 24 sliding rails, 25 sliding pieces, 26 springs, 27 pulleys, 28 bottom plates, 29 top plates, 30 tensioning bolts and 31 cross beam pieces.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As described in the background art, the present invention provides a device and a method for monitoring settlement of soft soil foundation on a road reinforced by a preloading method, in order to solve the above technical problems.
In a typical embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a device for monitoring settlement of a soft soil foundation on a reinforced road by a preloading method mainly comprises a concrete base 1, a steel base 2, a guide rod 3, a flange 4, a pull tab 5 and a deformation reading device 6; the concrete base 1 and the steel base 2 are connected through bolts, and the overall stability of the device is guaranteed. The concrete foundation 1 is embedded in the bearing layer 8. The steel base 2 is connected with the bottom of the first section of guide rod 9 by a flange 4, the top of the first section of guide rod 9 is connected with the bottom of the next section of guide rod by a flange, and according to the method, the plurality of sections of guide rods 3 are connected by corresponding flanges in sequence. When the roadbed height is too high, the height of the deformation monitoring device can be increased by increasing the guide rods 3 so as to achieve the purpose of deformation monitoring. The guide rod 3 and the first section of guide rod 9 are made of Q235 steel, and scales are marked on the guide rod from bottom to top for determining the position of the pull tab.
In the embodiment, four guide rods are arranged totally, from bottom to top, the upper parts of the first section of guide rod to the third section of guide rod are provided with cross-shaped sliding grooves 10 for ensuring that the pull piece 5 only moves in the vertical direction, the top of the cross-shaped sliding groove 10 of each section of guide rod is provided with a cross-shaped baffle plate 11 slightly larger than the guide rod, and the lower part of the first section of guide rod 9 is provided with a circular baffle plate 12 slightly larger than the guide rod; the lower part of the fourth section of guide rod 13 is provided with a cross-shaped sliding chute 10 for ensuring that the pulling piece 5 only moves in the vertical direction.
As shown in fig. 5, the flange 4 is divided into a left flange 15 and a right flange 14, and the left flange 15 and the right flange 14 are connected by bolts 16. Wherein the left flange 15 is semi-cylindrical and is provided with bolt holes thereon, and the right flange 14 is formed by a semi-cylindrical plate and a baffle block so as to ensure the confining force of the flange.
As shown in fig. 6, the pull tab 5 is provided with four sliding grooves 20, the sliding grooves 20 are circular arc-shaped, and the sliding grooves 20 are matched with four side walls of the guide rod, so that the sliding grooves can slide up and down along the side walls of the guide rod;
furthermore, the pulling piece 5 is provided with 1 threading hole 18 and three threading holes 19, wherein the threading hole 18 is used for fixing the steel wire rope 17 connected with the pulling piece, and the threading holes 19 are used for passing through the steel wire rope 17 connected with other pulling pieces. The pull piece is integrally cast by Q235 steel. It should be noted that the number of the wire through holes 19 is determined by the number of the other tabs, that is, the number of the wire through holes 19 is equal to the number of the other tabs.
As shown in fig. 7, the deformation reading device 6 includes a top plate 29, a bottom plate 28, and four deformation reading mechanisms, four deformation reading mechanisms having the same structure are disposed between the bottom plate 29 and the bottom plate 28, the four deformation reading mechanisms are respectively disposed at four positions, i.e., front, rear, left, and right positions of the top plate and the bottom plate, one deformation reading mechanism corresponds to one pull tab 5, and the four deformation reading mechanisms correspond to four pull tabs 5, and it should be noted that the number of the deformation reading mechanisms is set according to the number of the pull tabs 5.
Each deformation reading mechanism is composed of a laser range finder 22, a guide piece 23, a slide rail 24, a slide piece 25, a spring 26, a pulley 27, a stringing bolt 30 and a beam piece 31.
Wherein the top of the guide piece 23 is provided with a beam piece 21, the inner wall of the guide piece 23 is vertically provided with a slide rail 24 and a slide sheet 25; two ends of the sliding rail 24 are arranged on the sliding rail 24 and can move up and down along the sliding rail 24 under the action of external force, and the sliding rail 24 is used for ensuring the vertical movement of the sliding sheet 25;
the slide sheet 25 is rigidly connected with the other end of the steel wire rope 17 corresponding to the slide sheet 25, the steel wire rope 17 penetrates out of the top end of the guide rod 3 and is connected to the slide sheet 25 by bypassing the pulley 27, and the whole device converts the vertical displacement of the pull sheet 5 into the vertical displacement of the slide sheet 25. A spring 26 is arranged between the sliding piece 25 and the cross beam piece 31 to prevent the pull tab 5 from falling out of the guide rod 3 under the action of gravity during the installation of the device. The weight of the pull tab 5 is slightly greater than the weight of the slider 25. The slide sheet 25 is provided with a stringing bolt 30 for adjusting the length of the steel wire rope 17 and further adjusting the position of the pull tab 5.
The laser range finder 22 is rigidly connected to the base plate 28 and mounted directly below the slider 25.
The top plate 29 is located at the top end of the displacement reading device 6 to prevent direct sunlight, and further prevent the influence of sunlight on the laser range finder.
The specific use method comprises the following steps:
(1) digging a soil pit with the size twice that of the concrete base in the foundation, leveling the bottom of the soil pit, placing the concrete base in the soil pit, and filling the soil pit with soil.
(2) The concrete base is connected with the steel base through bolts, and the first section of guide rod is connected with the steel base through a flange plate.
(3) And the steel wire rope penetrates through a pull hole on the pull piece, and the pull piece and the steel wire rope are fixed at the bottom by adopting a stop lever.
(4) And the pull piece penetrates through the guide rod and is placed on the first section of guide rod, and the steel wire rope penetrates out of the top of the first section of guide rod.
(5) And the steel wire rope passes through the second section of guide rod, and the second section of guide rod is connected with the first section of guide rod through a flange plate.
(6) And the first section of steel wire rope penetrates through a through hole at a corresponding position on the second section of pulling-on piece, the second section of steel wire rope penetrates through a pulling hole on the second section of pulling-on piece, and the second section of pulling-on piece and the second section of steel wire rope are fixed at the bottom by adopting a stop lever.
(7) And (4) repeating the operations (4) to (6) to install the third section of guide rod and the fourth section of guide rod.
(8) And hooks on the first section, the second section, the third section and the fourth section of steel wire ropes are connected with hooks on the steel wire ropes connected with the sliding pieces in corresponding directions, and the steel wire ropes and the hooks are plugged into the guide rods.
(9) And connecting a fifth section of guide rod and a fourth section of guide rod on the deformation reading device by adopting a flange plate, rotating bolts on the sliding pieces, and adjusting the length of the steel wire rope to enable the four pulling pieces to be positioned at the corresponding monitoring point height.
(10) And backfilling the soft soil layer, reading the initial reading of the laser range finder, filling the stacking soil layer on the soft soil layer, and reading the reading of the laser range finder according to the stacking time according to construction requirements, so that the soft soil layer settlement can be obtained.
Specific example 1: monitoring settlement of soft soil foundation of reinforced road by preloading method
(1) Digging a soil pit with the size twice that of the concrete base in the foundation, wherein the bottom depth of the soil pit is deeper than the depth of a soft soil stratum, leveling the bottom of the soil pit, placing the concrete base in the soil pit, and filling the soil pit with soil.
(2) The equipment is installed according to the using method of the invention, and the soft soil stratum is backfilled in the soil pit.
(3) And reading the reading of the laser range finder according to the filling time, and obtaining the settlement of the soft soil foundation of the road.
Specific example 2: monitoring of highway subgrade deformation during operation
The deformation of the roadbed of the expressway in the operation period is one of main indexes reflecting the operation state of the expressway, and the deformation of the roadbed of the expressway at different depths can be monitored by adopting the equipment so as to further evaluate the operation state of the expressway. Mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) the concrete foundation of the device is arranged on the foundation of the isolation belt in the middle of the highway in the early construction stage of the highway, and the guide rod, the pull piece and the steel wire rope of the device are assembled in the construction process of the highway subgrade.
(2) And after the highway is built, the deformation reading device is arranged on the guide rod.
(3) An initial reading of the laser rangefinder on the deformation reading device is taken.
(4) In the running process of the highway, according to the highway maintenance requirement, reading on the laser range finder is regularly read, and then the settlement deformation of the highway subgrade can be obtained.
Specific example 3: river channel filling consolidation settlement monitoring
When the measures mainly adopted by river channel dredging are taken, filling soil in the river channel is extracted to the back side of the river bank by adopting machinery. The filling soil is solidified and settled under the action of self weight, the strength is gradually increased to fulfill the aim of reinforcing the river levee, but the internal deformation of the filling soil cannot be monitored at present, and the internal solidification degree cannot be estimated, and the equipment can be used for monitoring the internal settlement of the filling soil, and the main steps are as follows:
(1) digging a soil pit with the size twice that of the concrete base on the filling and piling foundation, leveling the bottom of the soil pit, placing the concrete base in the soil pit, and filling the soil pit with soil.
(2) The equipment is assembled according to the use method of the equipment.
(3) After the device is assembled, the initial reading of the device is taken.
(4) And pumping the filling soil in the river channel to a filling foundation, and driving the pull piece of the equipment to move in the process of solidifying and settling the filling soil.
(5) And (4) reading the device reading according to the consolidation time, so that the settlement deformation of the filling soil at different depth positions can be obtained, and further the consolidation degree of the filling soil at the corresponding depth can be judged according to a consolidation theory.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a fill and carry preloading method and consolidate highway soft soil foundation settlement monitoring devices which characterized by: including concrete base, steel base, guide bar, pulling-on piece and deformation reading device, wherein:
the concrete base is connected with the steel base, the steel base is connected with the guide rod, the guide rod comprises multiple sections, the multiple sections of guide rod are sequentially connected through corresponding flange plates, the flange plates are divided into a left flange plate and a right flange plate, the left flange plate and the right flange plate are connected through bolts, each section of guide rod is provided with a cross-shaped chute, scales are marked on the guide rod from bottom to top, each section of guide rod is correspondingly provided with a pulling piece, and the pulling pieces can move up and down along the cross-shaped chutes on the corresponding guide rod; the pull piece is connected with a deformation reading device through a steel wire rope, four rod passing holes, a threading hole and a thread passing hole are formed in the pull piece, the rod passing holes are arc-shaped, the threading hole and the thread passing hole are round holes, the rod passing holes are matched with four side walls of a guide rod, the pull piece can slide up and down along the guide rod, each deformation reading device comprises a sliding piece, a sliding rail and a laser range finder, the sliding piece is matched with the sliding rail and connected with the corresponding steel wire rope, the laser range finder is arranged right below the sliding piece and used for measuring the height of the sliding piece, a thread tightening bolt is arranged on the sliding piece, and the position of the pull piece is further adjusted;
the steel wire rope bypasses the pulley to convert the vertical settlement deformation of the soft soil layer into the vertical deformation of the pulling piece, the top of the sliding rail is provided with a beam piece, a spring is connected between the beam piece and the sliding piece, the bottom of the sliding piece is provided with a stringing bolt, and the stringing bolt controls the length of the steel wire by screwing or unscrewing.
2. The device for monitoring settlement of soft soil foundation on reinforced road by preloading according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pull tab is made of Q235 steel and is settled together with the soft soil layer.
3. The device for monitoring settlement of the soft soil foundation on the reinforced road by the preloading method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of deformation reading devices are connected together by a top plate and a bottom plate.
4. The device for monitoring settlement of the soft soil foundation on the reinforced road by the preloading method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of deformation reading devices are located on top of the guide bar.
5. The use method of the device for monitoring settlement of the soft soil foundation on the reinforced road by the preloading method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that:
(1) digging a soil pit with the size twice that of the concrete base in the foundation, leveling the bottom of the soil pit, placing the concrete base in the soil pit, and filling the soil pit with soil;
(2) connecting the concrete base with a steel base, and connecting the first section of guide rod with the steel base;
(3) the steel wire rope passes through the threading hole on the pulling-on piece, and the pulling-on piece and the steel wire rope are fixed at the bottom of the pulling-on piece by adopting a stop lever;
(4) placing the pull piece on the first section of guide rod, and enabling the other end of the steel wire rope to penetrate out of the top of the first section of guide rod;
(5) the steel wire rope penetrates through the second section of guide rod, and the second section of guide rod is connected with the first section of guide rod;
(6) the first section of steel wire rope passes through the wire passing hole at the corresponding position on the second section of pulling-on piece, the second section of steel wire rope passes through the wire passing hole on the second section of pulling-on piece, and the second section of pulling-on piece and the second section of steel wire rope are fixed at the bottom by adopting a stop lever;
(7) repeating the operations (4) to (6) to install the rest guide rods;
(8) connecting hooks on the multi-section steel wire rope with hooks on the steel wire rope connected with sliding pieces in corresponding directions, and inserting the steel wire rope and the hooks into the guide rod;
(9) connecting a deformation reading device with a guide rod, rotating a bolt on a sliding sheet, and adjusting the length of a steel wire rope to enable all pulling-on pieces to be at the height of a monitoring point;
(10) and backfilling the soft soil layer, reading the initial reading of the laser range finder, filling the stacking soil layer on the soft soil layer, and reading the reading of the laser range finder according to the stacking time according to construction requirements, so that the soft soil layer settlement can be obtained.
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| CN202011302068.7A CN112343026B (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Monitoring device and method for settlement of soft soil foundation of reinforced highway by preloading method |
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| CN202011302068.7A CN112343026B (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Monitoring device and method for settlement of soft soil foundation of reinforced highway by preloading method |
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| KR100525034B1 (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2005-11-01 | (주)수림건설 | Sand level real time automatic measuring method and equipment |
| CN103487022B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-12-23 | 河海大学 | A kind of Freeway Soft the Settlement Observation rope device |
| CN104535044B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2017-01-18 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Displacement type soil layering settlement deformation monitoring system |
| CN105350509B (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-04-26 | 机械工业勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Filing layered sedimentation monitoring device and method |
| CN208155299U (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-11-27 | 重庆市勘测院 | Section Settlement measuring device and monitoring system based on submillimeter displacement sensor |
| CN211504095U (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-09-15 | 山东省地质环境监测总站(山东省地质灾害防治技术指导中心) | Ground settlement monitoring device |
| CN111637862A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-08 | 宁波冶金勘察设计研究股份有限公司 | Settlement monitoring device |
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