CN112342016B - 咔唑二苯胺n-n偶联类衍生物在有机发光器件中降低启亮电压和提高发光效率的应用 - Google Patents
咔唑二苯胺n-n偶联类衍生物在有机发光器件中降低启亮电压和提高发光效率的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- QCKSMEGXYJZTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole N-phenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 QCKSMEGXYJZTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种咔唑二苯胺N‑N偶联类衍生物在有机发光器件中降低启亮电压和提高发光效率的应用,有机发光器件包括阳极、阴极以及位于所述阳极与阴极之间的1或多个发光层,发光层包含咔唑二苯胺N‑N偶联类衍生物。本发明咔唑二苯胺N‑N偶联类衍生物可用于有机发光器件,尤其是作为有机发光器件中的发光层主体材料,表现出启亮电压低,发光效率高的优点,优于现有常用OLED器件。使有机发光器件的启亮电压降低至2.8~3.5V,发光效率提高至65~81cd/A。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机光电材料技术领域,具体来说涉及一种咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物在有机发光器件中降低启亮电压和提高发光效率的应用。
背景技术
OLED,即有机发光二极管OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode),因为具备轻薄、省电等特性,因此从2003年开始,这种显示设备在MP3播放器上得到了广泛应用。OLED是指有机发光材料在电流或电场的作用下发光的二极管,它能够将电能直接转化为光能。有机电致发光的研究工作始于 20纪60年代,但直到1987年柯达公司的邓青云等人采用多层膜结构,才首次得到了高量子效率、高发光效率、高亮度和低驱动电压的有机发光二极管。传统的发光和显示技术相比较,OLED具有驱动电压低、体积小、重量轻、材料种类丰富等优点,而且容易实现大面积制备、湿法制备以及柔性器件的制备。
在电场的作用下,电子空穴分别通过电极、传输层然后在发光层复合形成激子激发发光层发光,发光层的材料在OLED器件中尤为重要。一般发光材料应该具备发光效率高、最好具有电子或空穴传输性能或者两者兼有、真空蒸镀后可以制成稳定而均匀的薄膜、他们的HOMO和LOMO能量应该与相应的电极相匹配等特性。有机半导体材料种类丰富,结构、性能各异,并且可以通过基团分子剪裁调节。所以,寻找开发新的、性能更加优异的发光有机半导体材料一直是本领域技术人员追求的目标。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物在发光中的应用。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种发光层,其为咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物在发光中的应用之一。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种有机发光器件,其为发光层的一种应用形式。
本发明的另一目的是提供咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物在所述有机发光器件降低启亮电压和提高发光效率中的应用。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
一种咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物在发光中的应用,所述咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物的结构式如I-III中任意一个,其中,所述R1、R2、R3和R4相同或不同,所述R1、R2、 R3和R4各为氢、C1~C60的烷基、取代或未取代的C1~C60烷氧基、取代或未取代C1~C60醚烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C60芳基、取代或未取代的C10~C60稠环基、取代或未取代的C5~C60杂环基、取代或未取代的卤原子,
在上述技术方案中,所述R1、R2、R3和R4各为氢、C1~C30的烷基、取代或未取代的C1~C30烷氧基、取代或未取代C1~C30醚烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C10~C30稠环基、取代或未取代的C5~C30杂环基、取代或未取代的卤原子。
在上述技术方案中,所述咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物的结构式为下述1~32之一:
一种发光层,所述发光层包含所述咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物。
在上述技术方案中,还包括:客体材料。
在上述技术方案中,所述客体材料为FIrpic,所述发光层中咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物的质量分数为4~10%
一种有机发光器件,包括阳极、阴极以及位于所述阳极与阴极之间的1或多个发光层。
在上述技术方案中,在所述发光层与所述阴极之间设置有电子注入层和电子传输层。
在上述技术方案中,所述电子注入层靠近所述阴极。
在上述技术方案中,所述电子传输层的材质为TPBi。
在上述技术方案中,所述电子注入层的材质为Liq。
在上述技术方案中,在所述发光层与所述阳极之间设置有空穴传输层。
在上述技术方案中,所述空穴传输层的材质为NPB。
咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物在所述有机发光器件中降低启亮电压和提高发光效率的应用。
本发明咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物可用于有机发光器件,尤其是作为有机发光器件中的发光层主体材料,表现出启亮电压低,发光效率高的优点,优于现有常用OLED 器件。
附图说明
图1为比较实施例和应用实施例所得器件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
本发明咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物可通过Suzuki偶联反应制备得到,咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物可通过如下所示反应得到,该方法引用文章 J.Am.Chem.Soc.2018,140,29,9074-9077。
比较实施例
将作为阳极的ITO玻璃基板(深圳华南湘城科技有限公司,电阻6Ω,尺寸32×32×0.55mm)依次分别置于蒸馏水、丙酮、乙醇中超声波洗涤10min,120℃干燥2h,然后用等离子体清洗机洗涤5 min,放置于蒸镀机中。首先蒸镀一层60nm厚的NPB作为空穴传输层,蒸镀速率0.05nm/s,然后蒸镀mCP/FIrpic作为发光层,其中,mCP/FIrpic为mCP和FIrpic的混合物,FIrpic的质量分数为4%,发光层的厚度为20nm,蒸镀速率0.2nm/s;再蒸镀TPBi作为电子传输层,厚度50nm,蒸镀速率 0.3nm/s;最后先蒸镀1.3nm厚的Liq作为电子注入层,再蒸镀100nm厚的Al作为阴极,速率分别为0.01nm/s(Liq)和0.5nm/s(Al)。所得器件的结构如图1所示。
应用实施例
一种有机发光器件,包括阳极、阴极以及位于阳极与阴极之间的1个发光层,在发光层与阴极之间设置有电子注入层和电子传输层,电子注入层靠近阴极。电子传输层的材质为TPBi,电子注入层的材质为Liq。在发光层与阳极之间设置有空穴传输层,空穴传输层的材质为NPB。
有机发光器件的具体制备方法如下:
将作为阳极的ITO玻璃基板(深圳华南湘城科技有限公司,电阻6Ω,尺寸32×32×0.55mm)依次分别置于蒸馏水、丙酮、乙醇中各超声波洗涤10min,120℃干燥2h,然后用等离子体清洗机洗涤5 min,放置于蒸镀机中。首先蒸镀一层60nm厚的NPB作为空穴传输层,蒸镀速率0.05nm/s,然后蒸镀化合物1~32中的一种咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物和FIrpic的混合物作为发光层,发光层的厚度20nm,蒸镀速率0.2nm/s,咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物和FIrpic的混合物中咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物的质量分数为6%,所采用的咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物见表1;再蒸镀TPBi形成电子传输层,厚度50nm,速率0.3nm/s,最后先蒸镀1.3nm厚的Liq 形成电子注入层,再蒸镀100nm厚的Al作为阴极,速率分别为0.01nm/s(Liq)和0.5nm/s(Al)。所得器件的结构如图1所示。
上述实施例中所涉及的化合物(均购买于西安宝莱特光电科技有限公司,纯度99%)如下:
NPB(N,N'-二苯基-N,N'-(1-萘基)-1,1'-联苯-4,4'-二胺);
mCP 1,3-二咔唑-9-基苯
TPBi(1,3,5-三(1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)苯);
Liq((8-羟基喹啉)锂);
FIrpic为双(4,6-二氟苯基吡啶-N,C2)吡啶甲酰合铱。
将比较实施例和应用实施例制备的发光器件采用亮度计进行测试性能如下表所示:
测试步骤:采用kethely2400直流电源对器件外加电压(0-8V),同时采用亮度计测试其发光亮度信息。
表1
在表1中,化合物N/FIrpic表示第N个化合物(咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物)与FIripic的混合物。N个化合物如下(N:位于化合物下方的数字):
以上结果表明,本发明咔唑二苯胺N-N偶联类衍生物应用于有机发光器件中,尤其是作为发光材料,表现启亮电压低、发光效率高的优点,是性能良好的有机发光材料。
以上对本发明做了示例性的描述,应该说明的是,在不脱离本发明的核心的情况下,任何简单的变形、修改或者其他本领域技术人员能够不花费创造性劳动的等同替换均落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
2.根据权利要求1所述的有机发光器件,其特征在于,在所述发光层与所述阴极之间设置有电子注入层和电子传输层,所述电子注入层靠近所述阴极。
3.根据权利要求2所述的有机发光器件,其特征在于,在所述发光层与所述阳极之间设置有空穴传输层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的有机发光器件,其特征在于,所述电子传输层的材质为TPBi,所述电子注入层的材质为Liq,所述空穴传输层的材质为NPB。
5.如权利要求1所述有机发光器件在降低启亮电压和提高发光效率中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述有机发光器件的启亮电压为2.8~3.5V,所述有机发光器件的发光效率为65~81cd/A。
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