CN112341986A - Single-component polythioether sealant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Single-component polythioether sealant and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112341986A
CN112341986A CN202011114605.5A CN202011114605A CN112341986A CN 112341986 A CN112341986 A CN 112341986A CN 202011114605 A CN202011114605 A CN 202011114605A CN 112341986 A CN112341986 A CN 112341986A
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polythioether
component
sealant
portions
mass
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CN112341986B (en
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孙超
吴松华
鲍传磊
章谏正
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AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J181/00Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on polysulfones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J181/02Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/04Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/08Macromolecular additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2296Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/08Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-component polythioether sealant and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aviation sealing materials. The invention relates to a single-component sealant product, and the polythioether sealant related to the invention has excellent heat resistance and shorter surface drying time, and the prepared sealant is a single-component product and does not need additional processing. Compared with the current brushing type sealant, the invention reduces the operation difficulty and has higher controllability in the construction process.

Description

Single-component polythioether sealant and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation sealing materials, and relates to a single-component polythioether sealing agent and a preparation method thereof.
Technical Field
The polysulfide sealant is widely applied to the field of aviation manufacture due to good oil resistance, air tightness, weather resistance and chemical medium resistance, and is one of the most important non-metallic materials for aircraft manufacture. However, the molecular chain of polysulfide rubber contains a large amount of disulfide bonds, which are easy to break at high temperature, and limit the heat resistance of the sealant.
Various forms of sealing are involved in aircraft manufacturing including fillet sealing, face sealing, and the like. The surface sealing is to brush the sealant on the sealing surface, which has a decisive effect on the appearance and the sealing quality of the product, so that the requirement on the construction performance of the sealant is high. Most of the sealing agents used in the field of aviation at present are two-component sealing agents and multi-component sealing agent products, when the sealing agent is used, a plurality of components of the sealing agent are required to be fully mixed and then coated, the mixing uniformity is difficult to guarantee due to the limitation of construction site conditions in the mixing process, and even a site with too fast local vulcanization or no local vulcanization occurs. In addition, for some sealant products with higher viscosity, a proper amount of solvent is added for dilution before brushing, the process is extremely complicated, and the operation process is not easy to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problems, the invention provides the single-component polythioether sealant and the preparation method thereof, on one hand, the heat resistance of the sealant is improved, and the surface drying time is short, on the other hand, the prepared single-component sealant completely changes the current using situation of the current brushing type sealant, reduces the operation difficulty, and ensures that the controllability of the construction process is higher.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the single-component polythioether sealant comprises solid polythioether rubber, a reinforcing filler, a curing agent, a silane coupling agent, tackifying resin and a mixed solvent, and the mass fractions of the components are shown in the following table:
composition of matter Parts by mass
Solid polythioether rubber 100 portions of
Reinforcing filler 15 to 50 portions of
Silane coupling agent 0.1 to 5 portions
Mixed solvent 200 to 600 parts by weight
Curing agent 8 to 20 portions of
Tackifying resins 7 to 20 portions of
The solid polythioether rubber is sulfhydryl-terminated polythioether rubber, the relative weight of the solid polythioether rubber is about 3 to 5 million, and the structural formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002727258610000021
the reinforcing filler is one or a mixture of two of fumed silica and carbon black.
The curing agent is prepared from zinc oxide and phenolic resin, and the preparation process of the curing agent comprises the following steps: preparing 30% ethanol solution of phenolic resin, slowly stirring zinc oxide in a beaker at 60 ℃, spraying the phenolic resin solution on the surface of the zinc oxide 20 times without stirring the powder, wherein the spraying amount is 5% of the mass of the zinc oxide each time, no wet powder is observed visually after spraying each time, and then spraying the next time. Wherein the structural formula of the phenolic resin is shown as the following, and the viscosity of 50% ethanol solution at 20 ℃ is between 0.11 Pa.s and 0.14 Pa.s.
Figure BDA0002727258610000022
The silane coupling agent is one or a mixture of KH-560, KH-590 and KH-550.
The tackifying resin is epoxy resin F44.
The mixed solvent is prepared from ethyl acetate and butanone according to the mass ratio of ethyl acetate: butanone 1: 1.75.
A preparation method of a single-component polythioether sealant comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing solid polythioether rubber, a reinforcing filler and a curing agent on a two-roll open mill according to the mass parts in the following table to obtain a sizing material, putting the sizing material into a ball milling tank, adding a silane coupling agent, tackifying resin and a mixed solvent into the ball milling tank according to the mass parts of the silane coupling agent, the tackifying resin and the mixed solvent shown in the following table to obtain a mixture, and putting grinding balls into the ball milling tank to ball mill the mixture.
Composition of matter Parts by mass
Solid polythioether rubber 100 portions of
Reinforcing filler 15 to 50 portions of
Silane coupling agent 0.1 to 5 portions
Mixed solvent 200 to 600 parts by weight
Curing agent 8 to 20 portions of
Tackifying resins 7 to 20 portions of
The rubber material is rolled into a thin rubber sheet, and then is placed into a ball milling tank after being cut up.
The mixture was ball milled with milling balls for more than 18 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional polysulfide sealant, the single-component polythioether sealant has higher temperature resistance level and quick surface drying time, and on the other hand, the single-component sealant does not need more operations in use, and only needs to be coated on the sealing surface and waits for surface drying and curing, so that the operation difficulty is greatly reduced, and the controllability of the construction process is higher.
Detailed Description
The single-component polythioether sealant comprises solid polythioether rubber, a reinforcing filler, a curing agent, a silane coupling agent, tackifying resin and a mixed solvent, wherein the mass fractions of the components are shown in the following table.
Composition of matter Parts by mass
Solid polythioether rubber 100 portions of
Reinforcing filler 15 to 50 portions of
Silane coupling agent 0.1 to 5 portions
Mixed solvent 200 to 600 parts by weight
Curing agent 8 to 20 portions of
Tackifying resins 7 to 20 portions of
The solid polythioether rubber is sulfhydryl-terminated polythioether rubber, the relative weight of the solid polythioether rubber is about 3 to 5 million, and the structural formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002727258610000031
the reinforcing filler is one or a mixture of two of fumed silica and carbon black.
The curing agent is prepared from zinc oxide and phenolic resin, and the preparation process of the curing agent comprises the following steps: preparing 30% ethanol solution of phenolic resin, slowly stirring zinc oxide in a beaker at 60 ℃, spraying the phenolic resin solution on the surface of the zinc oxide 20 times without stirring the powder, wherein the spraying amount is 5% of the mass of the zinc oxide each time, no wet powder is observed visually after spraying each time, and then spraying the next time. Wherein the structural formula of the phenolic resin is shown as the following, and the viscosity of 50% ethanol solution at 20 ℃ is between 0.11 Pa.s and 0.14 Pa.s.
Figure BDA0002727258610000032
The silane coupling agent is one or a mixture of KH-560, KH-590 and KH-550.
The tackifying resin is epoxy resin F44.
The mixed solvent is prepared from ethyl acetate and butanone according to the mass ratio of ethyl acetate: butanone 1: 1.75.
A preparation method of a single-component polythioether sealant comprises the following steps: mixing solid polythioether rubber, a reinforcing filler and a curing agent uniformly on a two-roll open mill according to the mass parts in the following table to obtain a sizing material, rolling the sizing material into a thin rubber sheet, chopping the thin rubber sheet, then putting the thin rubber sheet into a ball milling tank, adding a silane coupling agent, tackifying resin and a mixed solvent into the ball milling tank according to the mass parts of the silane coupling agent, the tackifying resin and the mixed solvent shown in the following table to obtain a mixture, putting grinding balls into the ball milling tank to ball mill the mixture, wherein the ball milling time is more than 18 hours.
Composition of matter Parts by mass
Solid polythioether rubber 100 portions of
Reinforcing filler 15 to 50 portions of
Silane coupling agent 0.1 to 5 portions
Mixed solvent 200 to 600 parts by weight
Curing agent 8 to 20 portions of
Tackifying resins 7 to 20 portions of
Example 1
30g of phenolic resin is dissolved in 70g of absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare 30% ethanol solution in parts by mass, 100g of zinc oxide is placed in a beaker at 60 ℃ to be slowly stirred, then the phenolic resin solution is sprayed on the surface of the zinc oxide 20 times, zinc oxide powder is continuously stirred, the mass of the phenolic resin ethanol solution sprayed each time is 5g, no moist powder is observed visually after each spraying, and then the next spraying is carried out. Wherein the phenolic resin has a structural formula shown in the specification, and the viscosity of a 50% ethanol solution at 20 ℃ is 0.13 Pa.s.
Figure BDA0002727258610000041
Then weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 portions of solid polythioether rubber
Fumed silica 15 parts
13 portions of curing agent
Uniformly mixing the raw materials on a two-roll open mill to obtain a sizing material, rolling the sizing material into a thin rubber sheet, cutting the thin rubber sheet, putting the thin rubber sheet into a ball milling tank, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, and adding the raw materials into the ball milling tank:
Figure BDA0002727258610000042
Figure BDA0002727258610000051
wherein the mixed solvent is ethyl acetate: mixing butanone 1:1.75, then adding a proper amount of grinding balls, and performing ball milling for 24 hours; and finally filtering and packaging the ground glue solution to obtain the single-component polythioether sealant.
Example 2
30g of phenolic resin is dissolved in 70g of absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare 30% ethanol solution in parts by mass, 100g of zinc oxide is placed in a beaker at 60 ℃ to be slowly stirred, then the phenolic resin solution is sprayed on the surface of the zinc oxide 20 times, zinc oxide powder is continuously stirred, the mass of the phenolic resin ethanol solution sprayed each time is 5g, no moist powder is observed visually after each spraying, and then the next spraying is carried out. Wherein the phenolic resin has a structural formula shown in the specification, and the viscosity of a 50% ethanol solution at 20 ℃ is 0.13 Pa.s.
Figure BDA0002727258610000052
Then weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002727258610000053
uniformly mixing the raw materials on a two-roll open mill to obtain a sizing material, rolling the sizing material into a thin rubber sheet, cutting the thin rubber sheet, putting the thin rubber sheet into a ball milling tank, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, and adding the raw materials into the ball milling tank:
Figure BDA0002727258610000054
wherein the mixed solvent is ethyl acetate: mixing butanone 1:1.75, then adding a proper amount of grinding balls, and performing ball milling for 24 hours; and finally filtering and packaging the ground glue solution to obtain the single-component polythioether sealant.
Example 3
30g of phenolic resin is dissolved in 70g of absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare 30% ethanol solution in parts by mass, 100g of zinc oxide is placed in a beaker at 60 ℃ to be slowly stirred, then the phenolic resin solution is sprayed on the surface of the zinc oxide 20 times, zinc oxide powder is continuously stirred, the mass of the phenolic resin ethanol solution sprayed each time is 5g, no moist powder is observed visually after each spraying, and then the next spraying is carried out. Wherein the phenolic resin has a structural formula shown in the specification, and the viscosity of a 50% ethanol solution at 20 ℃ is 0.13 Pa.s.
Figure BDA0002727258610000061
Weighing the following raw materials in parts by mass:
Figure BDA0002727258610000062
uniformly mixing the raw materials on a two-roll open mill to obtain a sizing material, rolling the sizing material into a thin rubber sheet, cutting the thin rubber sheet, putting the thin rubber sheet into a ball milling tank, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, and adding the raw materials into the ball milling tank:
Figure BDA0002727258610000063
wherein the mixed solvent is ethyl acetate: mixing butanone 1:1.75, then adding a proper amount of grinding balls, and performing ball milling for 24 hours; and finally filtering and packaging the ground glue solution to obtain the single-component polythioether sealant.
The relevant performance test methods for the one-component polythioether sealants of examples 1 to 3 are shown below
1. Surface drying time: reference is made to GB/T13477.5-2002.
2. The adhesive property is as follows: adhering the anodized aluminum alloy, coating 5 layers of sealant on the surface of the anodized aluminum alloy, coating the next layer after the surface of the former layer of sealant is dried, coating a piece of canvas on the surface of the former layer of sealant after the last layer of sealant is coated, covering the canvas on the surface of the coating, and coating a layer of sealant on the back of the canvas. Standing at room temperature for more than 24h, placing into a 60 deg.C oven, accelerating vulcanization for 48h, taking out, and testing peel strength according to HB 5249
3. Double-layer liquid resistance: the prepared adhesive sample was placed in a container containing an aqueous solution of jet fuel No. 3 and 3% sodium chloride, half of the sealant was kept in the aqueous solution and half in jet fuel No. 3, and was left standing in an oven at 60 ℃ for 7 days, and then the peel strength was tested according to HB 5249.
4. Heat resistance: baking at 180 deg.C for 3 hr, and observing the state of the sealant.
The results of the related performance tests of the single-component polythioether sealants of examples 1-3 and the related performance results of similar polysulfide sealant products are shown in the following table:
item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Polysulfide sealant
Time to surface dry 20min 20min 20min 1h
Adhesive strength, kN/m 5.6 6.2 7.5 6.0
Resistance to double layer liquids, kN/m 5.3 5.9 7.0 5.6
Heat resistance Without obvious change Without obvious change Without obvious change Surface becomes sticky
As can be seen from the table, the product has the characteristics of quick surface drying, fuel oil resistance and good water resistance, and has higher temperature resistance grade compared with the common polysulfide sealant.

Claims (10)

1. The single-component polythioether sealant is characterized by comprising solid polythioether rubber, a reinforcing filler, a curing agent, a silane coupling agent, tackifying resin and a mixed solvent, wherein the mass fractions of the components are shown in the following table.
Composition of matter Parts by mass Solid polythioether rubber 100 portions of Reinforcing filler 15 to 50 portions of Silane coupling agent 0.1 to 5 portions Mixed solvent 200 to 600 parts by weight Curing agent 8 to 20 portions of Tackifying resins 7 to 20 portions of
2. The one-component polythioether sealant of claim 1 wherein the solid polythioether rubber is a mercapto-terminated polythioether rubber having a relative weight of from about 3 to about 5 million and having the formula:
Figure FDA0002727258600000011
3. the one-component polythioether sealant of claim 1 wherein the reinforcing filler is one or a mixture of fumed silica and carbon black.
4. The one-component polythioether sealant of claim 1 wherein the curing agent is prepared from zinc oxide and a phenolic resin, and the curing agent is prepared by: preparing 30 mass percent ethanol solution from phenolic resin, slowly stirring zinc oxide in a beaker at 60 ℃, spraying the phenolic resin solution on the surface of the zinc oxide 20 times without stirring the powder, wherein the spraying amount is 5 mass percent of the zinc oxide each time, no wet powder is observed visually after spraying each time, and then spraying the zinc oxide powder for the next time, wherein the structural formula of the phenolic resin is shown as follows, and the viscosity of 50 mass percent ethanol solution at 20 ℃ is between 0.11 Pa.s and 0.14 Pa.s.
Figure FDA0002727258600000012
5. The one-component polythioether sealant according to claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is one or a mixture of KH-560, KH-590 and KH-550.
6. The one-component polythioether sealant of claim 1 wherein the tackifying resin is epoxy resin F44.
7. The single-component polythioether sealant according to claim 1, wherein the mixed solvent is prepared from ethyl acetate and butanone according to the mass ratio of ethyl acetate: butanone 1: 1.75.
8. The preparation method of the single-component polythioether sealant is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing solid polythioether rubber, a reinforcing filler and a curing agent on a two-roll open mill according to the mass parts in the following table to obtain a sizing material, putting the sizing material into a ball milling tank, adding a silane coupling agent, tackifying resin and a mixed solvent into the ball milling tank according to the mass parts of the silane coupling agent, the tackifying resin and the mixed solvent shown in the following table to obtain a mixture, and putting grinding balls into the ball milling tank to ball mill the mixture.
Composition of matter Parts by mass Solid polythioether rubber 100 portions of Reinforcing filler 15 to 50 portions of Silane coupling agent 0.1 to 5 portions Mixed solvent 200 to 600 parts by weight Curing agent 8 to 20 portions of Tackifying resins 7 to 20 portions of
9. The method for preparing the single-component polythioether sealant according to claim 1, wherein the sizing material is rolled into a thin rubber sheet, and then the thin rubber sheet is chopped and placed into a ball milling tank.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixture is ball milled with milling balls for a period of 18 hours or more.
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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1084893A (en) * 1965-05-13 1967-09-27 Ciba Ltd Curable polythioether compositions
CN1248273A (en) * 1997-02-19 2000-03-22 考陶尔兹航空公司 Composition and method for producing fuel resistant liquid polythioether polymers with good low temperature flexibility
CN1295594A (en) * 1998-03-31 2001-05-16 Prc-迪索托国际公司 Composition and method for producing polythioethers having pendent methyl chains
US20050148741A1 (en) * 2002-02-26 2005-07-07 Zook Jonathan D. Frozen, lightweight curable sealant
CN1849360A (en) * 2003-09-19 2006-10-18 陶氏环球技术公司 Adhesive composition and using thereof
CN101296968A (en) * 2005-10-27 2008-10-29 Prc-迪索托国际公司 Dimercaptan terminated polythioether polymers and methods for making and using the same
CN104031599A (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-09-10 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Liquid polythioether rubber and preparation method thereof as well as polythioether sealant and sealing method
CN106009327A (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-10-12 宁波硫华聚合物有限公司 Pre-dispersion masterbatch particle for butyl rubber vulcanizer and preparation method thereof
CN110234676A (en) * 2017-01-31 2019-09-13 Prc-迪索托国际公司 Low-density aerospace composition and sealant
CN110869445A (en) * 2017-07-07 2020-03-06 Prc-迪索托国际公司 Hydraulic fluid and fuel resistant sealant

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1084893A (en) * 1965-05-13 1967-09-27 Ciba Ltd Curable polythioether compositions
US3509112A (en) * 1965-05-13 1970-04-28 Ciba Ltd Polymeric adducts of monoepisulfides and primary amines
CN1248273A (en) * 1997-02-19 2000-03-22 考陶尔兹航空公司 Composition and method for producing fuel resistant liquid polythioether polymers with good low temperature flexibility
CN1295594A (en) * 1998-03-31 2001-05-16 Prc-迪索托国际公司 Composition and method for producing polythioethers having pendent methyl chains
US20050148741A1 (en) * 2002-02-26 2005-07-07 Zook Jonathan D. Frozen, lightweight curable sealant
CN1849360A (en) * 2003-09-19 2006-10-18 陶氏环球技术公司 Adhesive composition and using thereof
CN101296968A (en) * 2005-10-27 2008-10-29 Prc-迪索托国际公司 Dimercaptan terminated polythioether polymers and methods for making and using the same
CN104031599A (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-09-10 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Liquid polythioether rubber and preparation method thereof as well as polythioether sealant and sealing method
CN106009327A (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-10-12 宁波硫华聚合物有限公司 Pre-dispersion masterbatch particle for butyl rubber vulcanizer and preparation method thereof
CN110234676A (en) * 2017-01-31 2019-09-13 Prc-迪索托国际公司 Low-density aerospace composition and sealant
CN110869445A (en) * 2017-07-07 2020-03-06 Prc-迪索托国际公司 Hydraulic fluid and fuel resistant sealant

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