CN112341887A - Water-based flame-retardant coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Water-based flame-retardant coating and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112341887A
CN112341887A CN202011352232.5A CN202011352232A CN112341887A CN 112341887 A CN112341887 A CN 112341887A CN 202011352232 A CN202011352232 A CN 202011352232A CN 112341887 A CN112341887 A CN 112341887A
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water
magnesium hydroxide
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retardant coating
sepiolite
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曾万祥
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/04Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2217Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
    • C08K2003/2224Magnesium hydroxide

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coatings, and particularly relates to a water-based flame-retardant coating and a preparation method thereof. The product developed by the invention comprises aqueous acrylate emulsion and magnesium hydroxide; the water-based acrylate emulsion is nano emulsion; the diameter distribution range of the emulsion particles is 1-100 nm; the surface of the magnesium hydroxide is coated with nano aluminum oxide; an interlayer exists between the magnesium hydroxide and the nano aluminum oxide; the interlayer is calcium alginate. In addition, graphene oxide is added into the product, and sodium polystyrene sulfonate is adsorbed between the graphene oxide layers; further, sepiolite is added, and metal ions in the sepiolite framework are at least partially replaced by hydrogen ions. The resin and the flame retardant particles of the product have strong interaction force, are not easy to separate in the storage and use processes, and the product has excellent flame retardant effect.

Description

Water-based flame-retardant coating and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coatings. More particularly, relates to a water-based flame-retardant coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Flame retardant coatings, also known as fire-retardant coatings, are materials that are applied to the surface of flammable substrates to reduce the flammability of the surface of the material being coated to prevent rapid spread of fire, or to the surface of a structure to increase the fire endurance of the structure.
Flame retardant coatings can be classified into intumescent flame retardant coatings and non-intumescent flame retardant coatings according to their combustion characteristics. The non-expansion type flame-retardant coating, also called fire-proof heat-insulating coating, is mostly an inorganic system such as vermiculite cement system, mineral fiber cement system, magnesium hydroxide cement system, etc., the thickness of the coating is generally 8-50mm, and the fire resistance limit can reach 30-180 min. The coating is non-combustible or non-combustible, releases non-combustible gas at high temperature to dilute oxygen or combustible gas, forms a compact glaze film layer at high temperature, can effectively isolate oxygen, and has a certain heat insulation effect within a certain time.
The intumescent flame-retardant coating generally comprises a base material (film-forming substance), a foaming agent, a char-forming agent, a dehydrating agent and an auxiliary agent. The intumescent flame retardant coating has the advantages of less smoke generation during combustion, no toxicity, good flame retardant effect and the like, and has thin coating and excellent decorative performance, thus having higher research value and application value. After the coating is heated to a certain temperature, the film on the surface of the coating is melted and the bubbles rise to form a spongy heat-insulating layer, so that the heat conduction and the heat radiation of flame to the base material can be effectively blocked. The coating is released while the bubbles swell and the gaps of the spongy foaming body are filled with inert or flame-retardant gas, so that flame combustion can be effectively inhibited.
However, most of the non-intumescent flame-retardant coatings are inorganic systems, and the coatings are not good in compatibility with other organic systems, so that the coatings are easy to separate from matrix resin in the storage and use processes of products, and the actual flame-retardant effect of the products is influenced; therefore, how to improve the compatibility between the inorganic flame retardant system and the organic coating resin system and improve the flame retardant stability of the product is one of the technical problems to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects and shortcomings that the existing flame-retardant coating is poor in compatibility between an organic resin system and an inorganic flame-retardant system, and is easy to be separated from matrix resin in the storage and use processes of a product, so that the actual flame-retardant effect of the product is influenced, and provides a water-based flame-retardant coating and a preparation method thereof.
The invention aims to provide a water-based flame-retardant coating.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the water-based flame retardant coating.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an aqueous flame retardant coating comprises an aqueous acrylate emulsion and magnesium hydroxide;
the water-based acrylate emulsion is nano emulsion; the diameter distribution range of the emulsion particles is 1-100 nm;
the surface of the magnesium hydroxide is coated with nano aluminum oxide;
an interlayer exists between the magnesium hydroxide and the nano aluminum oxide;
the interlayer is calcium alginate.
According to the technical scheme, the nano-level water-based acrylate emulsion is used as an organic resin system, and the nano-alumina is coated on the surface of the inorganic flame-retardant material magnesium hydroxide, so that the nano-emulsion can be adsorbed and fixed on the surface of the flame-retardant system due to the high surface energy of the nano-particles, and the nano-emulsion can be better dispersed in a product due to the adsorption and fixation of the nano-emulsion on the surface, so that the inorganic flame-retardant system and the organic resin system are prevented from being separated in the storage process of the product; in the actual use process, when the magnesium hydroxide is abnormally heated, the magnesium hydroxide can be decomposed to generate moisture, and because the surface of the magnesium hydroxide is provided with the coating layer, water vapor can carry the flame retardant to diffuse and permeate to the surface of the product, so that an inorganic flame-retardant layer is formed on the surface of the product; moreover, due to the existence of calcium alginate, calcium ions can catalyze the rapid pyrolysis of the calcium alginate under the heating condition, reduce the surface temperature, dilute the oxygen content and play a good flame-retardant role; and a magnesium oxide-calcium oxide-aluminum oxide composite heat insulation protective layer can be formed on the surface of the product.
Preferably, graphene oxide is also included.
Preferably, polystyrene sodium sulfonate is adsorbed between the graphene oxide layers.
According to the technical scheme, graphene oxide is further introduced, and sodium polystyrene sulfonate is adsorbed between graphene oxide layers, firstly, the interface compatibility between the graphene oxide and a water-based emulsion system can be improved by introducing the sodium polystyrene sulfonate; in addition, when the product is heated, volume expansion or pyrolysis can be preferentially carried out, so that the graphene oxide can rapidly penetrate to the surface to form a protective layer.
Preferably, sepiolite is also included.
Preferably, the metal ions in the sepiolite framework are at least partially substituted by hydrogen ions.
The technical scheme further introduces the sepiolite, and replaces partial metal ions in the sepiolite framework with hydrogen ions to form silicon hydroxyl groups, and when the product is heated, the silicon hydroxyl groups are mutually dehydrated preferentially, so that the effects of cooling and diluting oxygen are achieved; in addition, the existence of silicon hydroxyl can play a role in 'pseudo-sticking' in the product storage process, so that the product forms a stable gelling system, and before the product is used, the product only needs to be simply sheared and dispersed, the fluidity of the product can be quickly recovered, and the product cannot be interfered in use.
A preparation method of a water-based flame-retardant coating comprises the following specific preparation steps:
coating of magnesium hydroxide:
dispersing magnesium hydroxide powder into calcium alginate solution, and spray drying until the water content is 5-10% to obtain primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
mixing the primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder with organic aluminum for reaction, filtering and drying to obtain secondary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
preparation of a product:
uniformly dispersing the water-based acrylate emulsion and the secondary coated magnesium hydroxide powder, and packaging to obtain a product;
the water-based acrylate emulsion is nano emulsion; the diameter distribution range of the emulsion particles is 1-100 nm.
Preferably, the specific preparation steps further comprise:
adding graphene oxide with sodium polystyrene sulfonate adsorbed in the interlayer in the preparation process of the product;
the preparation method of the graphene oxide with the polystyrene sodium sulfonate adsorbed between layers comprises the following steps:
and dispersing graphene oxide in water, adding sodium polystyrene sulfonate, uniformly dispersing, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the graphene oxide.
Preferably, the specific preparation steps further comprise:
adding sepiolite with metal ions in the skeleton being at least partially replaced by hydrogen ions in the preparation process of the product;
the preparation method of the sepiolite with the framework in which metal ions are at least partially substituted by hydrogen ions comprises the following steps:
mixing sepiolite and hydrochloric acid, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the sepiolite/hydrochloric acid composite material;
preferably, the organic aluminum is any one of aluminum isopropoxide and trimethylaluminum.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1
Mixing sepiolite and 3% hydrochloric acid in a mass ratio of 1: 5, pouring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 3 hours at the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 2.0MPa, filtering, collecting a filter cake, washing the filter cake with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, transferring the washed filter cake into an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight at the temperature of 105 ℃ to obtain the modified sepiolite;
mixing graphene oxide and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 4, after mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min under the ultrasonic frequency of 50kHz, adding sodium polystyrene sulfonate with the mass of 5% of that of the graphene oxide, continuing ultrasonic dispersion for 10min, performing suction filtration, collecting a filter cake, washing the filter cake for 3 times by using deionized water, transferring the washed filter cake into an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight under the temperature of 105 ℃ to obtain modified graphene oxide;
mixing calcium alginate and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, standing and swelling for 12 hours at room temperature after mixing, and heating, stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 95 ℃ to obtain a calcium alginate solution;
mixing magnesium hydroxide powder with the particle size distribution range of 500nm and calcium alginate solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 5, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10min under the ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz to obtain dispersion, and performing spray drying on the obtained dispersion until the water content is 5% to obtain primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
and mixing the obtained primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder and organic aluminum according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, mixing and pouring the mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined stainless steel reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, standing for reaction for 2 hours, discharging, filtering, collecting a filter cake, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the obtained filter cake at the temperature of-30 ℃ and the pressure of 100Pa to constant weight, and discharging to obtain secondary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
selecting water-based acrylate emulsion with the emulsion particle diameter ranging from 1 nm to 20nm, wherein the solid content is 40%, adding secondary coating magnesium hydroxide powder accounting for 5% of the mass of the water-based acrylate emulsion, modified graphene oxide accounting for 1% of the mass of the water-based acrylate emulsion and modified sepiolite accounting for 1% of the mass of the water-based acrylate emulsion into the water-based acrylate emulsion, and discharging and packaging after ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 30min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 60kHz to obtain a product;
the organic aluminum is aluminum isopropoxide.
Example 2
Mixing sepiolite and 5% hydrochloric acid in a mass ratio of 1: 6, pouring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 4 hours at the temperature of 170 ℃ and the pressure of 3.0MPa, filtering, collecting a filter cake, washing the filter cake with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, transferring the washed filter cake into an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight at the temperature of 106 ℃ to obtain the modified sepiolite;
mixing graphene oxide and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 5, after mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 50min under the ultrasonic frequency of 60kHz, adding sodium polystyrene sulfonate with the mass of 6% of that of the graphene oxide, continuing performing ultrasonic dispersion for 12min, performing suction filtration, collecting a filter cake, washing the filter cake with deionized water for 4 times, transferring the washed filter cake into an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight under the temperature of 106 ℃ to obtain modified graphene oxide;
mixing calcium alginate and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 15, standing and swelling for 16 hours at room temperature after mixing, and heating, stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 96 ℃ to obtain a calcium alginate solution;
mixing magnesium hydroxide powder with the particle size distribution range of 600nm and calcium alginate solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 6, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15min under the ultrasonic frequency of 50kHz to obtain dispersion, and performing spray drying on the obtained dispersion until the water content is 6% to obtain primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
and mixing the obtained primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder and organic aluminum according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, mixing and pouring the mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined stainless steel reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, standing for reaction for 3 hours, discharging, filtering, collecting a filter cake, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the obtained filter cake at the temperature of-40 ℃ and the pressure of 12Pa to constant weight, and discharging to obtain secondary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
selecting water-based acrylate emulsion with the emulsion particle diameter ranging from 1 nm to 50nm, wherein the solid content is 50%, adding secondary coating magnesium hydroxide powder accounting for 6% of the mass of the water-based acrylate emulsion, modified graphene oxide accounting for 4% of the mass of the water-based acrylate emulsion and modified sepiolite accounting for 4% of the mass of the water-based acrylate emulsion into the water-based acrylate emulsion, and discharging and packaging after ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 50min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 70kHz to obtain a product;
the organic aluminum is aluminum isopropoxide.
Example 3
Mixing sepiolite and 10% hydrochloric acid in a mass ratio of 1: 10, pouring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 5 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 4.0MPa, filtering, collecting a filter cake, washing the filter cake with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, transferring the washed filter cake into an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the modified sepiolite;
mixing graphene oxide and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, after mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 80kHz, adding sodium polystyrene sulfonate with the mass of 10% of that of the graphene oxide, continuing performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15min, performing suction filtration, collecting a filter cake, washing the filter cake for 5 times by using deionized water, transferring the washed filter cake into an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain modified graphene oxide;
mixing calcium alginate and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 20, standing and swelling for 24 hours at room temperature after mixing, and heating, stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain a calcium alginate solution;
mixing magnesium hydroxide powder with the particle size distribution range of 800nm and calcium alginate solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 60kHz to obtain dispersion liquid, and performing spray drying on the obtained dispersion liquid until the water content is 10% to obtain primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
and mixing the obtained primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder and organic aluminum according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, mixing and pouring the mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined stainless steel reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, standing for reaction for 4 hours, discharging, filtering, collecting a filter cake, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the obtained filter cake at the temperature of-50 ℃ and under the pressure of 150Pa to constant weight, and discharging to obtain secondary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
selecting water-based acrylate emulsion with the emulsion particle diameter ranging from 20nm to 100nm, wherein the solid content is 60%, adding secondary coating magnesium hydroxide powder accounting for 10% of the mass of the water-based acrylate emulsion, modified graphene oxide accounting for 5% of the mass of the water-based acrylate emulsion and modified sepiolite accounting for 5% of the mass of the water-based acrylate emulsion into the water-based acrylate emulsion, and discharging and packaging after ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 60min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 80kHz to obtain a product;
the organic aluminum is any one of trimethyl aluminum.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the particle size distribution range of the emulsion particles of the water-based acrylate emulsion is 800-1000nm, and the rest conditions are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the calcium alginate solution is replaced by deionized water with equal mass, and the rest conditions are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: modified graphene oxide is not added, and the rest conditions are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the modified sepiolite is not added, and the other conditions are kept unchanged.
The products obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to performance tests, and the specific test methods and test results were as follows:
respectively standing the products obtained in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-4 at room temperature for 10d, 30d and 90d, and respectively testing the flame retardant property of the products after being stored for different days;
after the different products are coated on the surface of an iron plate, the flame resistance time is measured according to the national standard GB12441-1998 general technical conditions of decorative fireproof coatings, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1;
table 1: test result of flame retardant effect of product
Figure BDA0002801639250000061
Figure BDA0002801639250000071
The test results in table 1 show that the product obtained by the invention not only has good flame retardant effect, but also can still maintain good flame retardant effect after long-term storage.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The water-based flame-retardant coating is characterized by comprising water-based acrylate emulsion and magnesium hydroxide;
the water-based acrylate emulsion is nano emulsion; the diameter distribution range of the emulsion particles is 1-100 nm;
the surface of the magnesium hydroxide is coated with nano aluminum oxide;
an interlayer exists between the magnesium hydroxide and the nano aluminum oxide;
the interlayer is calcium alginate.
2. The aqueous flame retardant coating of claim 1, further comprising graphene oxide.
3. The water-based flame retardant coating according to claim 2, wherein sodium polystyrene sulfonate is adsorbed between graphene oxide layers.
4. The aqueous flame retardant coating of claim 1, further comprising sepiolite.
5. The water-based flame retardant coating according to claim 4, wherein metal ions in the sepiolite skeleton are at least partially substituted by hydrogen ions.
6. The preparation method of the water-based flame-retardant coating is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
coating of magnesium hydroxide:
dispersing magnesium hydroxide powder into calcium alginate solution, and spray drying until the water content is 5-10% to obtain primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
mixing the primary coated magnesium hydroxide powder with organic aluminum for reaction, filtering and drying to obtain secondary coated magnesium hydroxide powder;
preparation of a product:
uniformly dispersing the water-based acrylate emulsion and the secondary coated magnesium hydroxide powder, and packaging to obtain a product;
the water-based acrylate emulsion is nano emulsion; the diameter distribution range of the emulsion particles is 1-100 nm.
7. The preparation method of the water-based flame retardant coating according to claim 6, wherein the specific preparation steps further comprise:
adding graphene oxide with sodium polystyrene sulfonate adsorbed in the interlayer in the preparation process of the product;
the preparation method of the graphene oxide with the polystyrene sodium sulfonate adsorbed between layers comprises the following steps:
and dispersing graphene oxide in water, adding sodium polystyrene sulfonate, uniformly dispersing, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the graphene oxide.
8. The preparation method of the water-based flame retardant coating according to claim 6, wherein the specific preparation steps further comprise:
adding sepiolite with metal ions in the skeleton being at least partially replaced by hydrogen ions in the preparation process of the product;
the preparation method of the sepiolite with the framework in which metal ions are at least partially substituted by hydrogen ions comprises the following steps:
mixing sepiolite and hydrochloric acid, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the sepiolite/hydrochloric acid composite material.
9. The method for preparing the water-based flame retardant coating according to claim 6, wherein the organic aluminum is any one of aluminum isopropoxide and trimethylaluminum.
CN202011352232.5A 2020-11-26 2020-11-26 Water-based flame-retardant coating and preparation method thereof Pending CN112341887A (en)

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CN114836101A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-08-02 陈小花 Graphene composite coating
CN114736585A (en) * 2022-05-15 2022-07-12 刘文秀 High-temperature-resistant flame-retardant graphene coating and preparation method thereof
CN114958171A (en) * 2022-06-08 2022-08-30 刘小群 Preparation method of polyborosiloxane modified polyurethane water-based paint

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Application publication date: 20210209