CN112332562A - Three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor with back-wound stator structure - Google Patents
Three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor with back-wound stator structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112332562A CN112332562A CN202011138466.XA CN202011138466A CN112332562A CN 112332562 A CN112332562 A CN 112332562A CN 202011138466 A CN202011138466 A CN 202011138466A CN 112332562 A CN112332562 A CN 112332562A
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005405 multipole Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000819 phase cycle Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
- H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
- H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
- H02K3/345—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/02—Casings or enclosures characterised by the material thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2203/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the windings
- H02K2203/12—Machines characterised by the bobbins for supporting the windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an electric motor; the stator assembly is sleeved outside the rotor assembly and comprises a stator core, stator windings and a casing, stator slots are formed in the outer edge of the stator core, rectangular stator teeth are arranged between two adjacent stator slots, the slot bottoms of the stator slots are two symmetrical and intersected inclined planes, the stator teeth are perpendicular to the intersected inclined planes, and the stator windings are sleeved on the stator teeth through an insulating framework. The motor has the advantages of simple and convenient winding, high production efficiency, low requirement on mechanical production equipment, reduction in production cost and higher torque density compared with the traditional motor with the same size.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an electric motor; in particular to a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor with a back-wound stator structure.
Background
The three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor has higher high torque density, does not have a mechanical brush part, eliminates electric sparks generated by mechanical commutation, and is beneficial to improving the tracking performance of equipment in low-speed occasions, thereby being widely applied in many occasions.
The traditional miniature three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor has the advantages that the inner diameter of a stator core is very small, slots are required to be formed in the stator core from the inside, the coil winding is extremely complicated to place by adopting a coil inserting process, technical requirements or mechanical requirements on workers are high, production efficiency is low, and production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor with the back-winding type stator structure, the winding is simple and convenient, the production efficiency is high, and the motor has higher torque density compared with the traditional motor with the same size.
The invention relates to a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor with a back-wound stator structure, which comprises a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, wherein the stator assembly is sleeved outside the rotor assembly and consists of a stator core, a stator winding and a shell, a stator groove is formed in the outer edge of the stator core, rectangular stator teeth are arranged between two adjacent stator grooves, the groove bottom of each stator groove is provided with two symmetrical and intersected inclined planes, the stator teeth are vertical to the intersected inclined planes, and the stator winding is sleeved on the stator teeth through an insulating framework.
In a conventional motor, a slot is formed in the inner diameter of a stator core, and a winding coil is placed in a loose stator slot from the inside by adopting a wire inserting process. The motor is formed by slotting on the outer diameter of a stator core, and the inner diameter of the stator core is equivalent to a closed slot, so the width and the shape of the slot on the outer diameter have little influence on the back electromotive force and the cogging torque of the motor. The stator teeth are rectangular teeth, so that a stator core can be conveniently machined, the winding can be wound and formed on the insulating framework firstly, then the insulating framework is directly sleeved on the stator teeth, the bottom of each stator slot is designed into symmetrical and crossed inclined planes, the two inclined planes are perpendicular to the adjacent stator teeth respectively, and the bottom of the insulating framework can be tightly attached to the bottom of the slot.
The stator core of the motor is provided with the slot from the outer diameter, the stator yoke part is omitted, the shell with better magnetic conductivity is adopted as a part of the magnetic circuit, and the eddy current loss generated by the shell and the eddy current loss generated by the stator yoke part are both very small and have little difference. The circulation path of the motor magnetic circuit is changed from a permanent magnet N pole-air gap-stator tooth-stator yoke-stator tooth-air gap-permanent magnet S pole-rotor iron core-permanent magnet N pole into a permanent magnet N pole-air gap-stator tooth-machine shell-stator tooth-air gap-permanent magnet S pole-rotor iron core-permanent magnet N pole.
Preferably, the casing is made of a material with high magnetic permeability and high resistivity, such as silicon steel.
Preferably, the stator assembly adopts a multi-pole few-slot fractional slot concentrated winding, A, B, C three-phase windings are spatially distributed in a 120-degree mechanical angle, the three-phase windings are not crossed with each other in spatial distribution, winding distribution is the same, three groups of the same windings can be wound on the insulating framework, phase sequence distribution is not needed to be considered, and the installation process is simplified.
Preferably, the thickness h of the slot bottom of the stator slot has the following value range: h is1<h<h2Wherein, in the step (A),
h1the calculation rule is as follows:
maximum tangential force F borne by the motormax＝PFe×S，PFeThe yield strength of the iron core stamped sheet is shown, S is the sectional area of the groove bottom, namely the product of the thickness h of the groove bottom and the axial length l of the iron core, and 70 percent of the yield strength of the iron core stamped sheet is taken to calculate the minimum value h of the thickness of the groove bottom1The structural strength of the stator core is ensured, and the strength requirement is met in the subsequent wire embedding process, so that the motor can run safely;
h2the calculation rule is as follows:
according to the B-H curve of the iron core of the motor, the relative permeability at the bottom of the slot is 1/3 of the saturation inflection point permeability of the iron core, and the maximum value H of the thickness of the slot bottom is obtained2And the magnetic flux at the bottom of the groove is ensured to be in a supersaturated state.
The design of the thickness of the slot bottom considers the service life of the iron core punching die and the structural strength of the iron core as well as the magnetic leakage coefficient of the motor. When the thickness of the bottom of the slot is too thin, the magnetic leakage coefficient of the motor is small, but the service life of the iron core stamping die is low, and the structural strength of the bottom of the slot can not meet the requirement; when the thickness of the slot bottom is too thick, the service life of the iron core stamping die is long, the structural strength of the slot bottom also meets the requirements, but the magnetic leakage coefficient of the motor is large, and the utilization rate of motor materials is low.
Preferably, the stator winding is wound on the insulating framework, the insulating framework is sleeved on the stator teeth, the insulating framework is I-shaped, the vertical part in the middle of the insulating framework is provided with rectangular through holes corresponding to the stator teeth, and when the stator winding is fixed, the insulating framework wound with the winding in advance is sleeved on the stator teeth through the rectangular through holes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, by changing the structure of the stator core of the motor, the groove is formed on the outer diameter of the stator core, the stator teeth adopt the rectangular teeth, and the rectangular shaped winding can be directly sleeved on the stator teeth, so that the winding is convenient, the installation process is simplified, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced;
(2) the invention adopts the concentrated winding with the span of 1, the rectangular winding only spans one stator tooth, the stator winding can be wound on the insulating framework firstly and then is directly sleeved on the stator tooth, and the traditional wire embedding process is not needed;
(3) the invention adopts a multistage fractional slot structure with few slots, which is similar to a slot pole matching form of 20 poles and 21 slots, A, B, C three-phase windings are distributed in a mechanical angle of 120 degrees in space, and are not crossed with each other in space, three groups of completely same windings can be wound on the existing insulation framework, and the A, B, C three-phase sequence is not required to be considered;
(4) the invention cancels the stator yoke part, adopts the casing made of high magnetic conductive material to replace the stator yoke, and has very low circuit frequency in low speed or extremely low speed occasions, and the eddy current loss generated by the casing is almost the same as the eddy current loss generated by the stator yoke in the traditional motor;
(5) the invention cancels the stator yoke part, and under the condition that the motor has the same external dimension, the novel motor can obtain larger inner diameter of the stator core than the traditional motor, thereby obtaining larger torque density.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a stator core of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a structural view of an insulating frame according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front sectional view of a bobbin-wound stator winding.
Fig. 5 is a side sectional view of a stator winding former.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a double-layer concentrated winding with 20 poles and 21 slots as an example.
Fig. 7 is a planar development view of a double-layer concentrated winding with 20 poles and 21 slots as an example.
In the figure: 1. the motor comprises a rotating shaft, 2, a rotor iron core, 3, a permanent magnet, 4, an insulating framework, 5, a stator winding, 6, a stator iron core, 7 and a machine shell; 8. stator teeth; 9. and a stator slot.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor with a back-wound stator structure of the present invention includes a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, the stator assembly is sleeved outside the rotor assembly, the stator assembly is composed of a stator core 6, a stator winding 5 and a casing 7, a stator slot 9 is formed on the outer edge of the stator core 6, a rectangular stator tooth 8 is disposed between two adjacent stator slots 9, the slot bottom of the stator slot 9 is provided with two symmetrical and intersecting inclined planes, the stator tooth 8 is perpendicular to the intersecting inclined plane, and the stator winding 5 is sleeved on the stator tooth 8 through an insulating framework 4.
The outermost part of the motor is a machine shell 7, the inner part of the machine shell is a stator core 6, the stator core 6 is positioned in the machine shell 7 and is tightly combined with the machine shell, a stator winding 5 is wound on the stator core 6, a permanent magnet 3 is arranged in the stator core, the permanent magnet 3 is attached to a rotor core 2, the inner part of the rotor core is a rotating shaft 1, and the rotating shaft 1, the rotor core 2 and the permanent magnet 3 are coaxial when the motor is installed.
The value range of the groove bottom thickness h of the stator groove is as follows: h is1<h<h2Wherein, in the step (A),
h1the calculation rule is as follows:
maximum tangential force F borne by the motormax＝PFe×S，PFeThe yield strength of the iron core stamped sheet is shown, S is the sectional area of the groove bottom, namely the product of the thickness h of the groove bottom and the axial length l of the iron core, and 70 percent of the yield strength of the iron core stamped sheet is taken to calculate the minimum value h of the thickness of the groove bottom1The structural strength of the stator core is ensured, and the strength requirement is met in the subsequent wire embedding process, so that the motor can run safely;
h2the calculation rule is as follows:
according to the B-H curve of the iron core of the motor, the relative permeability at the bottom of the slot is 1/3 of the saturation inflection point permeability of the iron core, and the maximum value H of the thickness of the slot bottom is obtained2And the magnetic flux at the bottom of the groove is ensured to be in a supersaturated state.
The design of the thickness of the slot bottom considers the service life of the iron core punching die and the structural strength of the iron core as well as the magnetic leakage coefficient of the motor. When the thickness of the bottom of the slot is too thin, the magnetic leakage coefficient of the motor is small, but the service life of the iron core stamping die is low, and the structural strength of the bottom of the slot can not meet the requirement; when the thickness of the slot bottom is too thick, the service life of the iron core stamping die is long, the structural strength of the slot bottom also meets the requirements, but the magnetic leakage coefficient of the motor is large, and the utilization rate of motor materials is low.
The stator winding is wound on the insulation framework, the insulation framework is sleeved on the stator teeth, as shown in figures 3-5, the insulation framework is I-shaped, the vertical part in the middle of the insulation framework is provided with rectangular through holes corresponding to the stator teeth, and when the insulation framework wound with the winding in advance is fixed, the insulation framework is sleeved on the stator teeth through the rectangular through holes.
The stator assembly adopts a multipolar fractional slot concentrated winding with few slots, A, B, C three-phase windings are spatially distributed in a mechanical angle of 120 degrees, as shown in fig. 6-7, 20-pole 21-slot double-layer concentrated windings are adopted, the A-phase winding is from No. 1 slot to No. 8 slot, the B-phase winding is from No. 8 slot to No. 15 slot, the C-phase winding is from No. 15 slot to No. 1 slot, the three-phase windings are not crossed in spatial distribution, the winding distribution is the same, three groups of same windings can be wound on an insulating framework without considering the distribution of phase sequence, the installation process is simplified, and the number 1-21 in fig. 6-7 represents the slot number of the stator slot.
In the present embodiment, the slots are formed from the outer diameter of the stator core 6, and the inner diameter corresponds to the closed slots, so that the width and shape of the slots on the outer diameter have little influence on the back electromotive force and cogging torque of the motor. The stator teeth 8 are rectangular teeth, so that the stator core 6 can be conveniently processed, the stator winding 5 can be wound and formed on the insulating framework 4 firstly, the insulating framework 4 is directly sleeved on the stator teeth 8, the groove bottom of the stator groove 9 is designed into symmetrical and intersected inclined planes, the two inclined planes are respectively perpendicular to the stator teeth adjacent to the two inclined planes, and the bottom of the insulating framework 4 and the groove bottom can be tightly attached.
The stator core 6 of the motor is provided with the slot from the outer diameter, the stator yoke part is omitted, the shell 7 with better magnetic conductivity is adopted as a part of a magnetic circuit, and the eddy current loss generated by the shell 7 and the eddy current loss generated by the stator yoke part are both very small and have little difference. The circulation path of the motor magnetic circuit is changed from a permanent magnet N pole-air gap-stator tooth-stator yoke-stator tooth-air gap-permanent magnet S pole-rotor iron core-permanent magnet N pole into a permanent magnet N pole-air gap-stator tooth-machine shell-stator tooth-air gap-permanent magnet S pole-rotor iron core-permanent magnet N pole. In this embodiment, the housing 7 is made of silicon steel.
According to a calculation formula of the main size of the motor:
wherein, CAIs the motor constant, D is the stator core inner diameter, LefT is the calculated torque.
When the outer diameter of the motor is the same, CABasically, since the motor has no stator yoke portion, the inner diameter of the stator core of the motor is larger than that of the conventional motor. According to the main size of the motorThe calculation formula can obtain larger motor torque when the inner diameter of the stator core is larger, and can obtain larger torque density when the outer diameter size of the motor is the same.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a back of body wound stator structure's three-phase permanent magnetism synchronous torque motor, includes stator module and rotor subassembly, its characterized in that, the stator module cover is established outside the rotor subassembly, and stator module comprises stator core, stator winding and casing, stator slot is seted up to the stator core outer edge, is equipped with rectangular stator tooth between the double-phase adjacent stator slot, and the tank bottom of stator slot is two symmetries and crossing inclined plane, and the stator tooth is perpendicular rather than crossing inclined plane, and stator winding overlaps through insulating skeleton and establishes on the stator tooth.
2. The back-wound stator structure three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing is made of a high magnetic permeability, high resistivity material.
3. The back-wound stator structure three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stator assembly employs multi-pole, few-slot, fractional slot concentrated windings, and A, B, C three-phase windings are spatially distributed at a mechanical angle of 120 °.
4. The back-wound stator structure three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness h of the slot bottom of the stator slot is in the range of: h is1<h<h2Wherein, in the step (A),
h1the calculation rule is as follows:
maximum tangential force F borne by the motormax＝PFe×S，PFeThe yield strength of the iron core stamped sheet is shown, S is the sectional area of the groove bottom, namely the product of the thickness h of the groove bottom and the axial length l of the iron core, and 70 percent of the yield strength of the iron core stamped sheet is taken to calculate the minimum value h of the thickness of the groove bottom1；
h2The calculation rule is as follows:
according to B-H curve of iron core of motorMaking the relative magnetic permeability at the bottom of the slot 1/3 of the magnetic permeability of the iron core saturation inflection point to obtain the maximum value h of the thickness of the slot bottom2。
5. The back-wound stator structure three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stator winding is wound on an insulating framework, and the insulating framework is sleeved on the stator teeth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011138466.XA CN112332562A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor with back-wound stator structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011138466.XA CN112332562A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor with back-wound stator structure |
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| CN112332562A true CN112332562A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011138466.XA Pending CN112332562A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Three-phase permanent magnet synchronous torque motor with back-wound stator structure |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101572467A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2009-11-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Highly efficient high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motor |
| CN102290944A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2011-12-21 | 徐州工业职业技术学院 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor with closed slots |
| CN105529844A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-27 | 张大鹏 | Permanent-magnet low-static torque low-speed three-phase alternator |
| JP2016208730A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-12-08 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Stator of rotary electric machine |
| CN205901460U (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-18 | 温岭市九洲电机制造有限公司 | Stator and contain motor of this kind of stator for electric car wheel hub motor |
| CN207664725U (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-07-27 | 五羊—本田摩托（广州）有限公司 | Improve the stator module and motor of the high power density of stator toothing |
| CN111463925A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-28 | 台州市金宇机电有限公司 | Stator of hub motor for electric vehicle |
-
2020
- 2020-10-22 CN CN202011138466.XA patent/CN112332562A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101572467A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2009-11-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Highly efficient high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motor |
| CN102290944A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2011-12-21 | 徐州工业职业技术学院 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor with closed slots |
| JP2016208730A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-12-08 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Stator of rotary electric machine |
| CN105529844A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-27 | 张大鹏 | Permanent-magnet low-static torque low-speed three-phase alternator |
| CN205901460U (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-18 | 温岭市九洲电机制造有限公司 | Stator and contain motor of this kind of stator for electric car wheel hub motor |
| CN207664725U (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-07-27 | 五羊—本田摩托（广州）有限公司 | Improve the stator module and motor of the high power density of stator toothing |
| CN111463925A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-28 | 台州市金宇机电有限公司 | Stator of hub motor for electric vehicle |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| （苏纳霍德金主编；李忠武等译, 中国铁道出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |
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