CN112332534A - Automatic control method and device for power distribution system - Google Patents
Automatic control method and device for power distribution system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00004—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the power network being locally controlled
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic control method for a power distribution system, which belongs to the technical field of electrical automation and comprises the following steps: constructing a bill of materials of power distribution equipment in a power distribution cabinet; constructing a main loop model and an auxiliary loop model according to the bill of materials; calling graphic data corresponding to loaded components in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model; and writing and displaying the graphic data. The method and the device can be used for automatically generating the electrical drawing according to the material information input by the user, can truly reflect the equipment structure of the power distribution system, can monitor the running state of the power distribution system in real time, and provide corresponding operation guide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic control method and device for a power distribution system, and belongs to the technical field of electrical automation.
Background
With the development of electronic science and technology, management equipment on power distribution is gradually electronized and intelligentized from pure mechanical equipment in the past. If we need to know what the operation state of the power distribution system unit where each power distribution cabinet is located is specific to manage a power distribution system, we need to know the parameters of each power distribution system unit as follows: voltage, current, power, electrical energy, electrical quantities such as various switch states, and the like.
The 380 v to 10kv distribution system on the market is realized by combining a smart meter with an indicator light, as shown in fig. 1. The devices represented by such smart meters usually adopt a single chip microcomputer chip in combination with a dedicated metering chip to collect electrical quantity, and provide a black-and-white or color liquid crystal display screen to display electrical data, and some high-end meters provide an external communication interface to satisfy the requirement of a third-party device for collecting data, as shown in fig. 2.
The metering chip collects voltage and current signals and calculates power and electric energy, and part of the electric meters can also obtain the states of the disconnecting link and the circuit breaker. The single chip microcomputer displays the data on a display screen or can also provide the data to other equipment, and the electric diagram of the current cabinet can be drawn even for individual high-end models. An operator can know the current running state by watching the display screen of the electric meter and the indicator lamp and judge whether the current power distribution system has faults or not. One set of power distribution system has twenty to thirty power distribution cabinets, and operators need to check and judge problems one by one when patrolling the power distribution system or troubleshooting.
In particular, in a 10kv distribution system, whenever an operator needs to close or open a circuit breaker, it is necessary to know not only the operation state of the current distribution system unit but also the operation state of the first stage and the next stage. If the law is not strictly followed, serious accidents can be caused, and the concept of 'operating ticket' is provided for the power supply department.
The power department needs to make a set of detailed 'standard homework book' that is 'operation ticket' according to the structure and standard operation logic of the current power distribution system, and when the power distribution system needs to be operated, an operator needs to take the 'operation ticket' at the department that the company manages the power, and then the operation is completed according to the steps on the 'operation ticket' under the supervision of extra people. The state of the power distribution system is generally divided into four categories, namely operation, hot standby, cold standby and maintenance. The switching between the four states must be strictly adhered to, in particular, the operation of the disconnecting link must be in front of the breaker, otherwise serious accidents can happen if the disconnecting link is operated under the condition of load, and therefore, the power supply department provides 'five-prevention' for the operation of a high-voltage distribution system of ten kilovolts and above.
However, at present, there are many problems and deficiencies in the aspect of electrical automation management of a traditional power distribution cabinet system, which are as follows:
1. at present, monitoring equipment/management equipment on a power distribution cabinet is not intelligent enough in collection, basically, electrical quantity and input quantity are collected only and are not analyzed, and the running state of the whole power distribution system is difficult to judge;
2. although some equipment can provide an electrical schematic diagram, a drawing is a 'dead diagram' led in by the equipment through an upper computer, the placement positions and types of components on the drawing are basically set according to template patterns and are inconsistent with the internal configuration of a real power distribution cabinet at some times, and misleading can be caused;
3. because the management equipment on the traditional power distribution cabinet can not judge the running state of the current power distribution system and the information communicated between the power distribution systems, the state of the power distribution system must be manually confirmed by an operator every time the power distribution system is operated. In order to prevent the manual confirmation from having errors or missing steps, the management department proposes the concept of 'operation tickets' to enable operators to strictly follow the flow to complete the operation, and the procedure of opening the operation tickets is complicated and rigid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an automatic control method and device for a power distribution system, which are used for automatically generating an electrical drawing according to material information input by a user, can truly reflect the structure of power distribution equipment in a power distribution cabinet, can monitor the running state of the power distribution system in real time, and provide corresponding operation guide.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an automated handling method for a power distribution system, comprising the steps of:
constructing a bill of materials of power distribution equipment in a power distribution cabinet;
constructing a main loop model and an auxiliary loop model according to the bill of materials;
calling graphic data corresponding to loaded components in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
and writing and displaying the graphic data.
Further, the method for constructing the bill of materials of the power distribution equipment in the power distribution cabinet comprises the following steps:
acquiring an electrical equipment material to be configured according to a configuration structure rule of distribution equipment of a power distribution cabinet;
recording attribute data of each electrical equipment material acquired in advance;
and adding and recording the electrical equipment materials in sequence according to the current configuration condition of the power distribution cabinet to obtain a bill of materials.
Further, the construction method of the main loop model comprises the following steps:
traversing the bill of materials;
selecting components according to a white list of key components and forming a filtering list;
selecting a main loop component according to the filtering list;
and constructing a main loop model according to the main loop components.
Further, the method for constructing the main loop model according to the main loop components comprises the following steps:
(a) analyzing and judging the type of the circuit breaker in the main circuit component;
if the type of the circuit breaker is fixed, analyzing and judging whether a disconnecting link is arranged in front of or behind the circuit breaker, if so, correspondingly setting the disconnecting link, and if not, not setting the disconnecting link;
if the type of the circuit breaker is a handcart type, whether a disconnecting link exists or not does not need to be judged;
(b) and analyzing and judging whether the grounding knife switch exists or not, if so, setting the grounding knife switch, and if not, not setting the grounding knife switch.
Further, the method of the secondary loop model comprises the steps of:
detecting whether the bill of materials contains auxiliary circuit components or not, wherein the auxiliary circuit components comprise a live display instrument, a lightning arrester and a three-phase current transformer;
analyzing and judging the position of the contained secondary circuit component;
and loading the contained secondary circuit component according to the position.
Further, the method for detecting the operation state of the current power distribution system based on the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring the semaphore states of all components in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
judging the type of the circuit breaker in the main circuit model;
and analyzing and judging the states of the circuit breaker and the grounding disconnecting link in sequence according to the type of the circuit breaker and the semaphore states of the components, and further acquiring the running state of the current power distribution system.
Further, the method for sequentially analyzing and judging the states of the circuit breaker and the grounding disconnecting link so as to obtain the running state of the current power distribution system comprises the following steps:
(a) analyzing the state of the circuit breaker:
if the type of the circuit breaker is a handcart type, judging the state position of the handcart, and analyzing the state of the circuit breaker corresponding to each state position according to the state position;
if the type of the circuit breaker is fixed, judging the state of an upper isolation switch, analyzing the state of a lower isolation switch corresponding to each upper isolation switch according to the state of the upper isolation switch, and analyzing the state of the circuit breaker corresponding to each lower isolation switch according to the state of the lower isolation switch;
(b) and analyzing the grounding disconnecting link state corresponding to each breaker state, and further acquiring the current power distribution system operating state corresponding to each grounding disconnecting link state.
Further, user operation guidance is carried out according to the current running state of the power distribution system, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
acquiring an operation instruction of a user, and selecting a corresponding operation guide mode according to the operation instruction;
(a) when the "run-and-overhaul" bootstrap program is selected:
acquiring and analyzing the state of a lower-level power distribution system, and enabling the lower-level power distribution system to be in a non-running state;
analyzing and judging a target state of a current power distribution system, and carrying out corresponding operation prompt according to the target state, wherein the target state comprises a hot standby state, a non-hot standby state, a cold standby state and a non-cold standby state;
(b) when the "overhaul-run" bootstrap program is selected:
prompting a user to disconnect the grounding disconnecting link or remove the grounding wire, manually confirming after the user finishes the operation, then detecting and confirming the current state, and carrying out the subsequent process after confirming that the state is correct;
analyzing and judging a target state of a current power distribution system, and providing a corresponding operation prompt according to the target state, wherein the target state comprises a non cold standby state and a non hot standby state;
after analyzing the target state and before closing the circuit breaker, prompting a user to confirm and correspondingly operate the running states of the upper and lower-level power distribution systems;
prompting a user to perform energy storage operation on the circuit breaker according to the type of a power distribution cabinet in the current power distribution system;
and after the energy storage is finished, prompting a user to close the circuit breaker and quitting the operation guide program.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for use in a power distribution system, comprising:
the bill building module is used for building a bill of materials;
the circuit building module is used for building a main circuit model and a secondary circuit model;
the graph construction module is used for calling graph data corresponding to the components loaded in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
and the display indication module is used for writing and displaying the graphic data.
Further, the manifest building module comprises the following units:
the material obtaining unit is used for obtaining the electrical equipment material to be configured according to the electrical configuration structure rule of the power distribution cabinet;
the attribute recording unit is used for recording the acquired attribute data of each electrical equipment material in advance;
and the list input unit is used for adding and inputting electrical equipment materials in sequence according to the current configuration condition of the distribution equipment of the power distribution cabinet to obtain a material list.
Further, the loop building module comprises the following units:
the main loop construction unit is used for traversing the bill of materials, acquiring a filter list according to a white list, selecting a main loop component according to the filter list, and constructing a main loop model according to the main loop component;
and the secondary loop construction unit is used for selecting the components of the secondary loop from the bill of materials, judging the positions of the selected components, and loading the components according to the positions.
Further, the device also comprises a state detection module for detecting the operation state of the current power distribution system, wherein the state detection module comprises the following units:
the semaphore acquisition unit is used for acquiring the semaphore states of components in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
the type judging unit is used for judging the type of the circuit breaker in the main circuit model;
and the state judgment unit is used for sequentially analyzing and judging the states of the circuit breaker and the grounding disconnecting link according to the type of the circuit breaker and the semaphore state of the component, and further acquiring the running state of the current power distribution system.
Further, the device also comprises an operation guiding module, and the operation guiding module comprises the following units:
the instruction acquisition unit is used for acquiring an operation instruction of a user and selecting a corresponding operation guide mode according to the operation instruction;
the first mode unit is used for acquiring and analyzing the state of the lower-level power distribution system and enabling the lower-level power distribution system to be in a non-running state when the 'running-overhauling' program is selected; analyzing and judging the target state of the current power distribution system, and providing corresponding operation guidance according to the target state;
the second mode unit is used for prompting a user to disconnect the grounding disconnecting link or remove the grounding wire when the maintenance-operation is performed; judging the target state of the current power distribution system, and providing corresponding operation guidance according to the target state; before closing the circuit breaker, confirming the upper and lower operation states and corresponding operations; prompting a user to perform energy storage operation on the circuit breaker according to the type of the current power distribution cabinet; and after the energy storage is finished, prompting a user to close the circuit breaker and quitting the operation guide program.
Further, the operation guidance module further comprises a communication coding unit and a communication transmission unit;
the communication coding unit is used for coding the power distribution cabinets and the components thereof in each power distribution system by using coding rules;
and the communication transmission unit is used for interacting the data of the running state of the corresponding power distribution system among the devices of each power distribution system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention realizes the automatic intelligent display of the electrical drawing by adopting a mode of inputting a bill of materials, thereby improving the reliability and the flexibility of the drawing;
the running states of the current power distribution system, such as running, hot standby, cold standby and maintenance, can be comprehensively obtained by analyzing each switching signal (the opening and closing states of a circuit breaker, a disconnecting link handcart and the like), so that errors caused by manual judgment can be further reduced;
by acquiring the running state of the power distribution system and performing data interaction with each other, the operation guidance of the power distribution system is performed, the traditional 'operation order' is replaced, the reliability and the safety of system operation are improved, and accidents caused by manual errors can be greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical power distribution system monitoring scheme of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a typical prior art electricity meter solution;
FIG. 3 is a schematic electrical diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution system monitoring scheme provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sorting of a bill of materials according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a bill of materials entry schematic provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a bill of materials filtering screen provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a main loop model construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a secondary loop model construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of power distribution system operational status detection provided by embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an electrical level coding rule provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a diagram of an example of electrical level coding provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a diagram of a CAN extension frame ID allocation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a flow chart of an operation guide "run" to "service" provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a flow chart of an operation directing "service" to "run" according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The invention provides an automatic control method for power distribution system management, which can automatically generate an electrical drawing according to material information input by a user, can monitor the running state of a power distribution system in real time and provides corresponding operation guidance.
The following describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a relay protection device for power distribution system management, hereinafter referred to as a manager.
The main chip of the manager is a 32-bit ARM architecture singlechip with built-in high-speed AD (analog-to-digital conversion) and DSP units. The secondary signals collected by the voltage and current transformer are subjected to proper conditioning, filtering and voltage lifting, and then are transmitted to a single chip microcomputer. The inside of the single chip microcomputer is converted through a high-speed AD unit and then is subjected to data processing through a DSP unit, and effective values (0 time is a direct current component, and 1 time is a fundamental component) of 0-31 times of harmonic waves of each path of voltage and current can be obtained.
Strong electric switch signals such as a voltage loss alarm signal and a closing loop opening loop signal are all 110V-220V, and the on-off detection of the strong electric switch signals and the closing loop opening loop signals by the singlechip is realized by driving an optocoupler after passing through a current-limiting resistor.
Other passive switch signals such as knife switch handcart and other signals directly control the optical coupler to be connected so as to realize the detection of the singlechip on the signals.
The EEPROM is used for storing system parameters, user configuration parameters and electric quantity information.
The external flash is used for storing alarm information fault recording data, protection fixed value data and bill of material data.
The USB serial port is used for communicating with an upper computer.
The CAN interface is used for exchanging data with other managers, the RS485 interface is used for exchanging data with the dehumidifier, and the Ethernet is used for exchanging data with the server.
The manager is installed and is realized monitoring whole distribution system on the switch board.
As shown in fig. 4, the manager can collect all the conventional electrical quantities such as voltage and current, and the switching signal quantities of the breaker knife-switch hand cart, and the manager can also store the data of the power distribution equipment in the power distribution cabinet.
The system software of the manager introduces a data structure of the bill of materials, and the specific implementation concept is as follows:
the electrical configuration in most cabinets has certain rules, so we summarize the electrical equipments commonly used in the market, as shown in fig. 5. We finally get a total of 56 subdivided materials, and the manager program will pre-record the names, default models, default specifications (length, rated current, precision), simplified diagrams, and electrical models of the devices of these 56 materials. Specifically, the data recorded above is data including details of each material, such as a handcart type circuit breaker, the default model is "VS 1", the default specification is 630, and the rated current is 630A.
When the user uses the manager for the first time, the user needs to manually input the electrical equipment in the cabinet in sequence and input an interface, as shown in fig. 6; and the user adds the electrical equipment one by one according to the configuration condition in the actual power distribution cabinet, and finally a detailed list of the cabinet is formed. The default data for the device is populated by the user when the device is added, automatically generated, and otherwise modified by the user.
As shown in fig. 7, after the user edits and saves the bill of materials, the manager first traverses the bill, then selects the bill by comparing the white lists of the key components, generates a filtered list, and then selects the main circuit components according to the filtered list and establishes the main circuit model.
The white list is a list table preset according to actual production management conditions and is used for extracting primary equipment (equipment through which current flows directly) in the bill of materials.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a data structure capable of accommodating four component types, names, and operating states is set, and then four materials, namely "upper isolation switch (with grounding switch)", "lower isolation switch", "breaker", and "grounding switch", are selected from a list for processing, and as shown in fig. 8, a main loop model is constructed, specifically, the following operations are performed:
first, we first analyze the type of circuit breaker:
if the circuit breaker is of a handcart type, the handcart does not need to be judged to be isolated, because the handcart type circuit breaker and an additional isolating disconnecting link cannot be installed in actual conditions;
if the circuit breaker is a fixed circuit breaker, the existence of an isolation handcart in front of the circuit breaker needs to be judged:
if the materials are in the bill of materials, the materials are defined as an isolating handcart, and the people continue to judge whether an isolating knife switch is arranged behind the breaker or not; if yes, the vehicle is defined as a lower isolation handcart;
finally, judging whether the grounding knife switch exists in the list;
through the whole process, a main loop model is finally formed.
After the main loop model is built, the rest work is to build an auxiliary loop model, and components in the auxiliary loop model comprise a lightning arrester, a mutual inductor and a live display instrument.
Generally, a 10kv high-voltage cabinet does not have a voltage transformer except for the voltage transformer cabinet, so other cabinet managers except for the voltage transformer cabinet ignore the voltage transformers in the bill of materials. We select more than one device from the bill of materials and build a secondary loop model according to the flow of fig. 9, the specific operations are as follows:
firstly, the manager can detect that a charged display instrument is in a bill of materials;
if so, then record its position in the list and determine if it is listed in front of the breaker: if yes, the manager loads the electrified display instrument at the position closest to the bus and the proceeding node; if not, to the bottom-most position.
Then, the manager can judge whether a lightning arrester exists in the bill of materials;
if so, then record its position in the list and determine if it is listed in front of the breaker: if so, the manager loads the arrester closest to the bus bar and the node location of progress (flush with live display if location conflicts then automatically adjusts position to the right).
Then, the manager sequentially detects the three-phase current transformers, and if the A-phase current transformers are configured in the bill of materials, the type of the transformers is read to be a single winding or a double winding and the positions of the transformers; if the transformer position is arranged in front of the breaker, loading the transformer at a position close to the left above the breaker; if the row is behind the circuit breaker, it is loaded to the left below the circuit breaker.
And similarly, the mutual inductor of the B phase and the C phase is loaded, wherein the mutual inductor of the B phase is loaded to the middle position aligned with the breaker, and the C phase is loaded to the right position.
After the manager loads all key components, the length and the width of each component are adjusted according to the position and the length-width ratio row to be displayed of the current screen, the graphic data of the components of the corresponding models are called from the program (the graphic data can be arbitrarily amplified and reduced by a vector diagram manufactured by adopting a dot-line-surface drawing mode), then the graphic data are sequentially written into the video memory data according to the loading sequence, and finally the CPU transmits the data in the video memory to an LCD screen driving chip to finish the display of the electrical drawing.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the automation management and control method for power distribution system management provided in the embodiment of the present invention can also detect an operation state of a current power distribution system, wherein the method specifically includes the following steps:
acquiring the semaphore states of all components in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
judging the type of the circuit breaker in the main circuit model;
and analyzing and judging the states of the circuit breaker and the grounding disconnecting link in sequence according to the type of the circuit breaker and the semaphore states of the components, and further acquiring the running state of the current power distribution system.
The description of the main loop model structure and the related data is performed in conjunction with the current power distribution system structure of the specific embodiment. In the bill of materials, the data result after the main loop data is loaded is stored into a structure body, and the model of the structure body is as follows:
table 1.1 typical fixed circuit breaker main circuit electrical model 1
The structural body can sequentially store the components arranged on the current main loop, the opening amount of hardware acquisition corresponds to the opening amount of the hardware acquisition, and loading results of different materials are different. For example, if the upper isolation switch is not found in the bill of materials, the position of the upper isolation switch is replaced with a wire, and the electrical model of the wire is always closed. There are many different combinations, three typical stationary circuit breaker main circuit electrical models and one typical handcart circuit breaker main circuit electrical model are listed below, as in tables 1.2-1.4:
table 1.2 typical fixed circuit breaker main circuit electrical model 2
Table 3.1.3 typical fixed circuit breaker main circuit electrical model 3
Table 1.4 typical handcart type circuit breaker main circuit electric model 1
If the circuit breaker is of the handcart type, the upper isolation disconnecting link is replaced by the upper handcart part, and the lower isolation disconnecting link is replaced by the lower handcart part.
The main circuit state is a state in which the primary current can pass, and "1" indicates that the part is on and "0" indicates off. The bypass circuit state is a state in which the ground circuit current can pass or not, and "1" indicates that the part is on and "0" indicates off.
If the component is not loaded, we default to one wire, then its main loop state defaults to "1" and the bypass loop is "0".
If the grounding knife switch is not loaded in the bill of materials, but the grounding state (during maintenance) exists in the actual operation of the cabinet, even if the manager does not detect the grounding knife switch from the bill of materials, the model of the grounding knife switch still remains in the main loop electric model, but the semaphore of the grounding knife switch at the moment is manually confirmed.
TABLE 1.5 cases when the earthing switch is not loaded
From the above description, the manager can already read the current configuration of the main loop model, and can also determine the current operation state according to the semaphore state and the synthesis.
As shown in fig. 10, the manager first determines the type of the currently loaded circuit breaker, and if the currently loaded circuit breaker is a handcart type circuit breaker, it determines the position of the current handcart;
if the handcart is in the working position, the circuit breaker is in the switching-on position and the grounding disconnecting link is in the switching-off position, the current cabinet state is running;
if the handcart is in the working position, the breaker is in the switching-off position, and the grounding disconnecting link is in the switching-off position, the current cabinet state is hot standby;
if the handcart is at a test position (disconnected), and the breaker is at a closed position, the current cabinet state is abnormal;
if the handcart is at the test position, the breaker is at the switch-off position, and the grounding disconnecting link is at the switch-off position, the current cabinet state is cold standby, and if the grounding disconnecting link is at the switch-on state, the cabinet state is maintenance.
If the circuit breaker is fixed, firstly, judging the states of an upper isolation disconnecting link and a lower isolation disconnecting link;
the current cabinet state is running if both are closed and the breaker is in the closed state and the grounding knife-switch is open.
If the upper isolation disconnecting link and the lower isolation disconnecting link as well as the breaker and the grounding disconnecting link are both disconnecting links, the cabinet state is cold standby.
The cabinet state is maintenance if the upper and lower isolation switches and the breaker are open and the earthing switch is closed.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the automation management and control method for power distribution system management provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also perform operation guidance, wherein the method specifically includes the following steps:
through the analysis, the manager already has the basis of recognizing the whole state of the power distribution system, so that the manager can intervene in the operation behavior of the user to serve as the purpose of operation guidance. However, some operations of the power distribution system require knowledge of the operating states of the power distribution system of the cabinet, and the operating states of the power distribution systems of the upper and lower stages are also required, for example, to change the 10kv outlet cabinet from "hot standby" to "operating" state requires ensuring that the upper 10kv inlet cabinet is in "operating" state and the lower 380 v inlet cabinet is in "non-operating" state. So we need to be able to get the state data of other managers in real time. Data intercommunication is realized by formulating a transmission protocol of a communication application layer by adopting a communication technology based on a CAN bus.
Firstly, a model for mutual communication between devices needs to be established, and the devices can access each other only when a reasonable data model is provided. We use four numbers to represent the attributes (electrical level coding) of each manager throughout the distribution system, and the coding of each manager is unique within the same distribution system.
As shown in fig. 11, we define the first number to represent the managed voltage level of the current manager, where 1 represents a 380 volt distribution system, 2 represents a 6 kv distribution system, 3 represents a 10kv distribution system, and 4 represents a 35 kv distribution system. The second digit indicates the type of the current cabinet where the manager is located, and we can currently classify the cabinets into 7 types (0 indicates an incoming cabinet, 1 indicates a line cabinet, 2 indicates a contact cabinet, 3 indicates a capacitor cabinet, 4 indicates a power generation cabinet, 5 indicates a voltage transformer cabinet, and 6 indicates an isolation cabinet). The third number indicates the upper level number of the manager. The fourth number represents its own code. The codes of the latter two numbers refer to the numbers of a plurality of managers under the same condition, for example, two outgoing line managers are connected behind the same 10-kilovolt incoming line manager to manage two transformers respectively, the code of the first outgoing line manager is 0, the code of the second outgoing line manager is 1, and the like.
A power distribution system can be coded by a coding mode established by the model, and the structure of a power distribution room is assumed to be that one path of 10kV voltage is led in and two paths of 10kV outgoing lines are connected, and the voltage is changed into 380V by connecting a transformer respectively at the back. And then the back of the first transformer is connected with two low-voltage incoming lines, and the back of each of the two low-voltage incoming line cabinets is connected with two low-voltage outgoing lines. The second transformer is connected with a voltage incoming line and then two low-voltage outgoing lines. We encode each device using the above encoding scheme: the 10Kv high voltage isolation cabinet manager has a voltage class of 10Kv so the first number is 3, then gets the second number to be 6 according to the cabinet type, the upper level number can adopt a default value of 0, and the local machine is the first device of this type of this hierarchy so the fourth number is 0. The complete manager code is shown in fig. 12, and so on all manager codes can be determined.
Second, we use the ID of the extension frame of the CAN to transmit the electrical level coding of the device. The extension frame ID has 29 bits and we need to perform reasonable functional partitioning of this 29 bits and encapsulate the coded information of the manager. Wherein the encapsulation logic is as shown in fig. 13.
The 28 th bit of the highest bit indicates whether the message has super priority, and the communication mechanism of the CAN bus is that the minimum priority of preemptive ID sending is higher. Therefore, we agree that the 28 th bit of the normal message is "1", and if there is a special urgent message to be sent prior to the normal message, the 28 th bit is "0". The 27 th-20 th bits of the ID are the meaning of the function code to represent the message, and the function code length of 8 bytes can accommodate 256 message function allocations. Bits 19-16 of the ID indicate the voltage class of the message sender, and the length of 4 bytes can accommodate 16 voltage classes. Bits 15-12 of the ID indicate the type of cabinet the message sender is in, and 4 bytes in length can accommodate 16 different cabinet types. Bits 11-6 of the ID represent the equipment number of the upper-level cabinet of the message sender, and the length of 6 bytes can contain 64 different numbers. Bits 5-0 of the ID indicate the manager number of the message sender, and the length of 6 bytes can accommodate 64 different numbers. Due to the characteristics of CAN bus communication, each manager CAN initiate communication to the bus at any time and all the devices on the bus CAN receive data sent by any one device, so that all the cabinet managers in a set of power distribution system CAN acquire the running states of other associated cabinet managers at will, and the technical support is provided for the operation guide function.
When an operator needs to switch off or switch on a cabinet, the operator often needs to know the state of the cabinet associated with the operator to safely operate, the traditional mode is manual confirmation according to guidance on an operation ticket, and the manager can automatically confirm through a data interconnection technology among managers, so that the operator can be safely guided to operate.
When the user selects to use the operation guidance function, the manager firstly inquires the target state which needs to be converted by the user, and after the user selects the target state, the manager firstly starts to execute the operation guidance program.
We split the execution logic of the operation guidelines into two classes, the first class being the transition from the "run" state to the "overhaul" state as shown in FIG. 14; the second type is the transition from "service" to "run" state as shown in fig. 15.
If the user needs to switch from the 'running' state to the 'overhaul' state, the manager needs to confirm whether all the lower-level cabinets are already in the 'non-running' state, and if not, the manager prompts the user to operate the corresponding cabinet to turn to the 'non-running' state. If all the lower-level cabinets are in the 'non-running' state, the user can break the circuit breaker, the manager can judge the current state after the user finishes the operation and manually confirms that the state is correct, and then the subsequent process is carried out after the state is confirmed to be correct.
If the target state of the user is 'hot standby', the program prompts the user to hang a corresponding indication board and enables the user to automatically quit the guide program after manual confirmation.
If the target state is not 'hot standby', the user is continuously prompted to disconnect the disconnecting link or shake the handcart to a test position (the manager selects corresponding prompting contents according to the type of the circuit breaker configured in the bill of materials), the current state is judged by manually confirming the manager after the user finishes operating, and the subsequent process is carried out after confirming the state is correct.
If the target state of the user is cold standby, the program prompts the user to hang a corresponding indication board and enables the user to automatically quit the guide program after manual confirmation.
If the target state is not 'cold standby', the user is continuously prompted to hook a ground wire or close the grounding switch (the manager selects corresponding prompting contents according to the type of the grounding switch configured in the bill of materials), the current state is judged by manually confirming the manager after the user finishes the operation, and the subsequent process is carried out after the state is confirmed to be correct. The program prompts the user to hang the corresponding indication board and enables the user to automatically quit the guiding program after manual confirmation.
The user can confirm manually after prompting the user to operate each time in the operation process, and the manager prompts the user to 'not operate according to the rule' and then quit the operation guide program forcibly as long as judging that the state after the operation does not conform to the expected state.
If the user needs to switch from the maintenance state to the operation state, the manager firstly prompts the user to disconnect the grounding disconnecting link or remove the grounding line (the manager selects corresponding prompt contents according to the type of the grounding disconnecting link configured in the bill of materials) and after the user finishes the operation, the manager manually confirms that the current state is judged, and after the state is confirmed to be correct, the subsequent process is carried out.
If the target state is not 'cold standby', the user is continuously prompted to close the disconnecting link or shake the handcart to a working position (the manager can select corresponding prompting contents according to the type of the circuit breaker configured in the bill of materials), the current state can be judged by manually confirming the manager after the user finishes operating, and the subsequent process is carried out after confirming that the state is correct.
If the target state is not 'hot standby', the user is continuously prompted to carry out the next operation, whether the current lower level of the cabinet is in the 'non-running' state or not needs to be confirmed before the breaker is closed, and the current upper level of the cabinet is required to be in the 'running' state. If not, the user is prompted to operate the corresponding cabinet first. If both are true, proceed to the next step.
If the manager of the inlet wire cabinet of the 10kV high-voltage cabinet prompts a user to close the metering handcart and the isolation handcart and store energy for the circuit breaker, and if the manager of other cabinets directly prompts the user to store energy for the circuit breaker. The manager can prompt the user to close the circuit breaker after finishing energy storage, and prompt the user to hang a corresponding indicating board and automatically quit the operation guiding program after the user finishes and the manager confirms that the rotary table is correct.
Example two:
the invention provides a device, which is applied to a power distribution system and comprises the following modules:
the bill building module is used for building a bill of materials;
the circuit building module is used for building a main circuit model and a secondary circuit model;
the graph construction module is used for calling graph data corresponding to the components loaded in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
and the display indication module is used for writing and displaying the graphic data.
Further, the manifest building module comprises the following units:
the material obtaining unit is used for obtaining the electrical equipment material to be configured according to the electrical configuration structure rule of the power distribution cabinet;
the attribute recording unit is used for recording the acquired attribute data of each electrical equipment material in advance;
and the list entry unit is used for sequentially adding and entering electrical equipment materials according to the current configuration condition of the power distribution cabinet to obtain a material list.
Further, the loop building module comprises the following units:
the main loop construction unit is used for traversing the bill of materials, acquiring a filter list according to a white list, selecting a main loop component according to the filter list, and constructing a main loop model according to the main loop component;
and the secondary loop construction unit is used for selecting the components of the secondary loop from the bill of materials, judging the positions of the selected components, and loading the components according to the positions.
Further, the device also comprises a state detection module for detecting the operation state of the current power distribution system, wherein the state detection module comprises the following units:
the semaphore acquisition unit is used for acquiring the semaphore states of components in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
the type judging unit is used for judging the type of the circuit breaker in the main circuit model;
and the state judgment unit is used for sequentially analyzing and judging the states of the circuit breaker and the grounding disconnecting link according to the type of the circuit breaker and the semaphore state of the component, and further acquiring the running state of the current power distribution system.
Further, the device also comprises an operation guiding module, and the operation guiding module comprises the following units:
the instruction acquisition unit is used for acquiring an operation instruction of a user and selecting a corresponding operation guide mode according to the operation instruction;
the first mode unit is used for acquiring and analyzing the state of the lower-level power distribution system and enabling the lower-level power distribution system to be in a non-running state when the 'running-overhauling' program is selected; analyzing and judging the target state of the current power distribution system, and providing corresponding operation guidance according to the target state;
the second mode unit is used for prompting a user to disconnect the grounding disconnecting link or remove the grounding wire when the maintenance-operation is performed; judging the target state of the current power distribution system, and providing corresponding operation guidance according to the target state; before closing the circuit breaker, confirming the upper and lower operation states and corresponding operations; prompting a user to perform energy storage operation on the circuit breaker according to the type of the current power distribution cabinet; and after the energy storage is finished, prompting a user to close the circuit breaker and quitting the operation guide program.
Further, the operation guidance module further comprises a communication coding unit and a communication transmission unit;
the communication coding unit is used for coding each power distribution cabinet and components thereof in the power distribution system by using coding rules;
the communication transmission unit is used for performing data interaction of the operation state between the devices of the applications of each power distribution system.
The invention realizes the intelligent integration of electrical management, adopts the mode of inputting a bill of materials to realize the automatic and intelligent drawing, and abandons the traditional scheme of drawing a fixed and unchangeable 'dead picture', thereby not only reducing the dependence on an upper computer and lowering the requirement of operators, but also improving the reliability and the flexibility of the drawing.
Because the material structure and the detailed information of the whole power distribution equipment are recorded in the equipment, operation and maintenance personnel can know the detailed condition of the whole internal power distribution equipment by checking a bill of materials in the manager without opening the power distribution cabinet, and the operation risk is greatly reduced.
Because the manager can read the electrical structure of the power distribution system, relevant signals can be automatically extracted from input quantity information and reflected on a drawing in real time, the states of the current power distribution system, such as running, hot standby, cold standby and overhaul, can be comprehensively obtained by analyzing each relevant input quantity, and errors caused by manual judgment can be further reduced.
Because the managers are provided with communication ports and exchange data in the communication ports, any manager in the power distribution system can know the cabinet states of other managers and use the cabinet states as the basis of operation guidance. Before a user operates a certain cabinet, the user does not need to check the states of the associated cabinets one by one, and only needs to operate the cabinet according to the prompt on the manager, so that accidents caused by manual errors can be greatly reduced.
The manager carries out data sharing and distribution through the CAN bus, so that the wiring is convenient, the cost is low, and the real-time performance and the reliability are realized.
Claims (14)
1. An automated handling method for a power distribution system, comprising the steps of:
constructing a bill of materials of power distribution equipment in a power distribution cabinet;
constructing a main loop model and an auxiliary loop model according to the bill of materials;
calling graphic data corresponding to loaded components in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
and writing and displaying the graphic data.
2. The automated handling method according to claim 1, wherein the method of building a bill of materials for power distribution equipment in a power distribution cabinet comprises the steps of:
acquiring an electrical equipment material to be configured according to an electrical configuration structure rule of the power distribution cabinet;
recording attribute data of each electrical equipment material acquired in advance;
and adding and recording the electrical equipment materials in sequence according to the configuration condition of the power distribution equipment in the current power distribution cabinet to obtain a bill of materials.
3. The automated manipulation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the construction method of the main loop model comprises the steps of:
traversing the bill of materials;
selecting components according to a white list of key components and forming a filtering list;
selecting a main loop component according to the filtering list;
and constructing a main loop model according to the main loop components.
4. The automated manipulation method of claim 3, wherein the method of constructing a master loop model from the master loop components comprises the steps of:
(a) analyzing and judging the type of the circuit breaker in the main circuit component;
if the type of the circuit breaker is fixed, analyzing and judging whether a disconnecting link is arranged in front of or behind the circuit breaker, if so, correspondingly setting the disconnecting link, and if not, not setting the disconnecting link;
if the type of the circuit breaker is a handcart type, whether a disconnecting link exists or not does not need to be judged;
(b) and analyzing and judging whether the grounding knife switch exists or not, if so, setting the grounding knife switch, and if not, not setting the grounding knife switch.
5. The automated handling method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the method of secondary loop model comprises the steps of:
detecting whether the bill of materials contains auxiliary circuit components or not, wherein the auxiliary circuit components comprise a live display instrument, a lightning arrester and a three-phase current transformer;
analyzing and judging the position of the contained secondary circuit component;
and loading the contained secondary circuit component according to the position.
6. The automated handling method according to claim 1, wherein detecting the current operating state of the power distribution system based on the primary and secondary loop models comprises:
acquiring the semaphore states of all components in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
judging the type of the circuit breaker in the main circuit model;
and analyzing and judging the states of the circuit breaker and the grounding disconnecting link in sequence according to the type of the circuit breaker and the semaphore states of the components, and further acquiring the running state of the current power distribution system.
7. The automated control method according to claim 6, wherein the method for sequentially analyzing and judging the states of the circuit breaker and the grounding switch to obtain the current operating state of the power distribution system comprises the following steps:
(a) analyzing the state of the circuit breaker:
if the type of the circuit breaker is a handcart type, judging the state position of the handcart, and analyzing the state of the circuit breaker corresponding to each state position according to the state position;
if the type of the circuit breaker is fixed, judging the state of an upper isolation switch, analyzing the state of a lower isolation switch corresponding to each upper isolation switch according to the state of the upper isolation switch, and analyzing the state of the circuit breaker corresponding to each lower isolation switch according to the state of the lower isolation switch;
(b) and analyzing the grounding disconnecting link state corresponding to each breaker state, and further acquiring the current power distribution system operating state corresponding to each grounding disconnecting link state.
8. The operation state detection method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the user operation guidance is performed according to the current operation state of the power distribution system, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
acquiring an operation instruction of a user, and selecting a corresponding operation guide mode according to the operation instruction;
(a) when the "run-and-overhaul" bootstrap program is selected:
acquiring and analyzing the state of a lower-level power distribution system, and enabling the lower-level power distribution system to be in a non-running state;
analyzing and judging a target state of a current power distribution system, and carrying out corresponding operation prompt according to the target state, wherein the target state comprises a hot standby state, a non-hot standby state, a cold standby state and a non-cold standby state;
(b) when the "overhaul-run" bootstrap program is selected:
prompting a user to disconnect the grounding disconnecting link or remove the grounding wire, manually confirming after the user finishes the operation, then detecting and confirming the current state, and carrying out the subsequent process after confirming that the state is correct;
analyzing and judging a target state of a current power distribution system, and providing a corresponding operation prompt according to the target state, wherein the target state comprises a non cold standby state and a non hot standby state;
after analyzing the target state and before closing the circuit breaker, prompting a user to confirm and correspondingly operate the running states of the upper and lower-level power distribution systems;
prompting a user to perform energy storage operation on the circuit breaker according to the type of a power distribution cabinet in the current power distribution system;
and after the energy storage is finished, prompting a user to close the circuit breaker and quitting the operation guide program.
9. An apparatus applied to a power distribution system is characterized by comprising the following modules:
the bill building module is used for building a bill of materials;
the circuit building module is used for building a main circuit model and a secondary circuit model;
the graph construction module is used for calling graph data corresponding to the components loaded in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
and the display indication module is used for writing and displaying the graphic data.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the manifest construction module comprises the following elements:
the material obtaining unit is used for obtaining the electrical equipment material to be configured according to the electrical configuration structure rule of the power distribution equipment;
the attribute recording unit is used for recording the acquired attribute data of each electrical equipment material in advance;
and the list entry unit is used for adding and entering electrical equipment materials in sequence according to the current configuration condition of the power distribution equipment to obtain a material list.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the loop building block comprises the following elements:
the main loop construction unit is used for traversing the bill of materials, acquiring a filter list according to a white list, selecting a main loop component according to the filter list, and constructing a main loop model according to the main loop component;
and the secondary loop construction unit is used for selecting the components of the secondary loop from the bill of materials, judging the positions of the selected components, and loading the components according to the positions.
12. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a status detection module for detecting an operating status of a current power distribution system, the status detection module comprising:
the semaphore acquisition unit is used for acquiring the semaphore states of components in the main loop model and the auxiliary loop model;
the type judging unit is used for judging the type of the circuit breaker in the main circuit model;
and the state judgment unit is used for sequentially analyzing and judging the states of the circuit breaker and the grounding disconnecting link according to the type of the circuit breaker and the semaphore state of the component, and further acquiring the running state of the current power distribution system.
13. The apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising an operation guidance module, the operation guidance module comprising:
the instruction acquisition unit is used for acquiring an operation instruction of a user and selecting a corresponding operation guide mode according to the operation instruction;
the first mode unit is used for acquiring and analyzing the state of the lower-level power distribution system and enabling the lower-level power distribution system to be in a non-running state when the 'running-overhauling' program is selected; analyzing and judging the target state of the current power distribution system, and providing corresponding operation guidance according to the target state;
the second mode unit is used for prompting a user to disconnect the grounding disconnecting link or remove the grounding wire when the maintenance-operation is performed; judging the target state of the current power distribution system, and providing corresponding operation guidance according to the target state; before closing the circuit breaker, confirming the upper and lower operation states and corresponding operations; prompting a user to perform energy storage operation on the circuit breaker according to the type of the current power distribution system; and after the energy storage is finished, prompting a user to close the circuit breaker and quitting the operation guide program.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the operation direction module further comprises a communication encoding unit and a communication transmission unit;
the communication coding unit is used for coding the power distribution cabinet and components thereof in each power distribution system by using coding rules;
and the communication transmission unit is used for interacting the data of the corresponding power distribution system operation state among the devices of each power distribution system.
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