CN112332429A - Frequency modulation method and device based on energy storage system - Google Patents
Frequency modulation method and device based on energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The application provides a frequency modulation method and a frequency modulation device based on an energy storage system, the scheme is that in the process that the sampling frequency of a power grid is greater than the rated frequency and the frequency difference rises to the maximum value, the maximum primary frequency modulation power in the frequency modulation process is always used for primary frequency modulation, in the process, when the calculated frequency modulation power is reduced and the reduction does not reach the preset power value, the maximum frequency modulation power corresponding to the current frequency sampling period is still used for primary frequency modulation, therefore, the situation that the active power and the power grid frequency of the energy storage system oscillate repeatedly due to the fact that the primary frequency modulation is carried out directly by using the primary frequency modulation power calculated according to the sampling frequency can be avoided, in addition, the frequency modulation speed can be accelerated by using the maximum frequency modulation power, and therefore, the frequency modulation scheme is high in frequency modulation speed and can stably realize the primary.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power systems, and particularly relates to a frequency modulation method and device based on an energy storage system.
Background
In recent years, the amount of power generated by new energy power stations such as wind power stations and solar power stations is increasing, and the new energy power stations have the characteristic of unstable power generation, so that the frequency stability of a power grid is deteriorated due to impact on the power grid, and the frequency modulation control pressure of a power system is increased. Specifically, when the active power generated by the power grid is equal to the active load of the user, the frequency of the power grid is kept unchanged, and when the active power generated by the power grid is smaller than the active load, the frequency of the power grid is reduced; when the active power generated by the power grid is greater than the active load, the frequency of the power grid rises, so that the power grid frequency can be adjusted by changing the active power output to the power grid by the power plant/power station, and the scheme that the energy storage system assists the generator set to perform frequency modulation control can be used.
In the related art, a primary frequency modulation method based on an energy storage System is that an energy storage converter (PCS) controller in the energy storage System samples information of an alternating voltage from an alternating current side, further calculates a frequency of a Power grid, and then performs primary frequency modulation control according to the calculated Power grid frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a frequency modulation method and apparatus based on an energy storage system, so as to solve the problems of power grid frequency oscillation, long frequency modulation time and low efficiency caused by repeated oscillation of active power and frequency during a primary frequency modulation process in the related art, and the disclosed technical solution is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a frequency modulation method based on an energy storage system, which is applied to the energy storage system, and the method includes:
aiming at each frequency sampling period after entering the frequency modulation process, the following steps are executed:
according to the collected three-phase power grid voltage information, calculating to obtain the sampling frequency of the power grid, and calculating the frequency difference between the sampling frequency and the rated frequency of the power grid;
calculating according to the frequency difference to obtain a frequency modulation power calculated amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period;
in the process that the absolute value of the frequency difference is gradually increased, selecting the frequency modulation power with the maximum value as the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period according to the frequency modulation power calculated quantity and the primary frequency modulation power quantity adopted by the last frequency sampling period of the current frequency sampling period;
compared with the primary frequency modulation power quantity adopted in the last frequency sampling period, when the reduction quantity of the frequency modulation power calculation quantity is smaller than a preset power value, the frequency modulation power quantity with the maximum value corresponding to the current sampling period is still used as the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period;
and adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and when the reduction amount of the frequency modulation power calculation amount of the current frequency sampling period is greater than or equal to the preset frequency value and the reduction amount of the frequency modulation power calculation amount within the preset time length is greater than or equal to the preset frequency value, taking the frequency modulation power calculation amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period as a target primary frequency modulation power amount until the frequency of the power grid is restored to the preset frequency range.
Optionally, the determining, according to the frequency modulation power calculation amount and the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the previous frequency sampling period of the current frequency sampling period, the frequency modulation power with the largest value as the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period includes:
comparing the frequency modulation power calculation amount of the current frequency sampling period with the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the last frequency sampling period;
when the calculated frequency modulation power amount is larger than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the last frequency sampling period, determining that the calculated current frequency power amount is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period;
and when the calculated frequency modulation power amount is smaller than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the previous frequency sampling period, determining that the primary frequency modulation power amount corresponding to the previous frequency sampling period is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period.
Optionally, the adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period includes:
obtaining a target frequency modulation power quantity according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity and the secondary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period;
and controlling the active power of the energy storage system according to the target frequency modulation power quantity.
Optionally, the controlling the active power of the energy storage system according to the target frequency modulation power amount includes:
carrying out smooth filtering on the target frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to each frequency sampling period to obtain a smooth target frequency modulation power quantity;
and adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the smooth target frequency modulation power quantity.
Optionally, the obtaining a target frequency modulation power amount according to the primary frequency modulation power amount and the secondary frequency modulation power amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period includes:
comparing the secondary frequency modulation power quantity adopted in a preset frequency range, if the change direction of the secondary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period is the same as the sign of the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period, superposing the primary frequency modulation power quantity and the secondary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period to obtain the target frequency modulation power quantity;
and if the change direction of the secondary frequency modulation power quantity is opposite to the sign of the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period, obtaining the target frequency modulation power quantity according to the secondary frequency modulation power quantity adopted in the preset range and the primary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period.
Optionally, before the adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period, the method further includes:
detecting whether the state of charge of the energy storage system is within a preset range;
when the state of charge of the energy storage system is within the preset range, executing the step of adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period;
and when the state of charge of the energy storage system exceeds the preset range, controlling the energy storage system to exit the frequency modulation process.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a frequency modulation apparatus based on an energy storage system, which is applied to the energy storage system, and the apparatus includes:
the frequency sampling module is used for calculating the sampling frequency of the power grid according to the collected information of the three-phase power grid voltage;
the frequency difference acquisition module is used for calculating the frequency difference between the sampling frequency and the rated frequency of the power grid;
the frequency modulation power calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining frequency modulation power calculated quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period according to the frequency difference;
a first frequency modulation power amount determining module, configured to select, according to the frequency modulation power calculated amount and a primary frequency modulation power amount used in a previous frequency sampling period of the current frequency sampling period, a frequency modulation power with a largest value as the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period in a process in which an absolute value of the frequency difference gradually increases;
a second frequency modulation power amount determining module, configured to, when the decrease amount of the frequency modulation power calculation amount is smaller than a preset power value, use the frequency modulation power amount with the largest value corresponding to the current sampling period as the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period;
and the power adjusting module is used for adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and a third frequency modulation power amount determining module, configured to, when a decrease amount of the frequency modulation power calculation amount in the current frequency sampling period is greater than or equal to the preset frequency value and the decrease amounts of the frequency modulation power calculation amounts in a preset time duration are greater than or equal to the preset frequency value, take the frequency modulation power calculation amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period as a target primary frequency modulation power amount until the frequency of the power grid is restored to a preset frequency range, compared with the primary frequency modulation power amount in the previous frequency sampling period.
Optionally, the first fm power determination module includes:
the comparison submodule is used for comparing the frequency modulation power calculated quantity of the current frequency sampling period with the primary frequency modulation power quantity adopted by the last frequency sampling period;
the first determining submodule is used for determining that the current frequency power calculation amount is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period when the frequency modulation power calculation amount is larger than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the last frequency sampling period;
and the second determining submodule is used for determining that the primary frequency modulation power amount corresponding to the previous frequency sampling period is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period when the frequency modulation power calculated amount is smaller than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the previous frequency sampling period.
Optionally, the power conditioning module includes:
the target frequency modulation power quantity determining submodule is used for obtaining a target frequency modulation power quantity according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity and the secondary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period;
and the power control submodule is used for controlling the active power of the energy storage system according to the target frequency modulation power quantity.
Optionally, the power control sub-module includes:
the smoothing filtering submodule is used for smoothing and filtering the target frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to each frequency sampling period to obtain a smooth target frequency modulation power quantity;
and the power adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the smooth target frequency modulation power quantity.
According to the frequency modulation method based on the energy storage system, the PCS controller in the energy storage system collects the information of the voltage of a local three-phase power grid, the sampling frequency of the power grid is obtained through calculation, and the frequency difference between the sampling frequency and the rated frequency is further obtained through calculation; calculating according to the frequency difference to obtain a frequency modulation power calculated quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period; in the process that the absolute value of the frequency difference is continuously increased, selecting primary frequency modulation power with the maximum value as the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period according to the frequency modulation power calculated quantity and the primary frequency modulation power quantity used in the previous frequency sampling period; and adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity, and if the frequency modulation power calculation quantity of the current frequency sampling period is reduced and the reduction quantity is smaller than a preset power value, still taking the maximum primary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period as the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period.
According to the process, in the process that the sampling frequency of the power grid is greater than the rated frequency and the frequency difference is increased to the maximum value, the maximum primary frequency modulation power quantity in the frequency modulation process is always used for primary frequency modulation, when the frequency modulation power quantity obtained through calculation is reduced and the reduction quantity does not reach the preset power value, the maximum frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period is still used for primary frequency modulation, and therefore the situation that the active power and the power grid frequency of the energy storage system repeatedly oscillate due to the fact that the primary frequency modulation is directly carried out through the primary frequency modulation power quantity obtained through calculation according to the sampling frequency can be avoided, in addition, the frequency modulation speed can be accelerated through the maximum frequency modulation power quantity, and therefore, the frequency modulation speed of the frequency modulation scheme is high and the primary frequency modulation is stably achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a primary frequency modulation closed-loop control process based on an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a primary frequency modulation method based on an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a tracking effect curve of the grid frequency and the primary frequency modulation amount obtained by using the frequency modulation method provided by the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a process of controlling active power of an energy storage system according to primary frequency modulation power according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a frequency modulation apparatus based on an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a first fm power determination module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a power conditioning module according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The primary frequency modulation means that once the frequency of the power grid deviates from a rated value, a control system of a power plant/power station automatically controls the increase and decrease of active power transmitted to the power grid, so that the frequency change of the power grid is limited, and the frequency of the power grid is kept stable.
In the related art, based on a primary frequency modulation mode of an energy storage system, the primary frequency modulation power quantity is calculated by directly utilizing the power grid frequency obtained by sampling of the energy storage system, so that the active power of the energy storage system is easy to oscillate, and further the power grid frequency is easy to oscillate repeatedly. In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a frequency modulation method based on an energy storage system, in the process that the real frequency difference of a power grid rises to the maximum value, the maximum primary frequency modulation power quantity in the frequency modulation process is always used for primary frequency modulation, in the process, when the calculated frequency modulation power quantity is reduced and the reduction quantity does not reach a preset power value, the maximum frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period is still used for primary frequency modulation, therefore, the active power and the power grid frequency of the energy storage system can be prevented from repeatedly oscillating due to the fact that the primary frequency modulation is directly carried out by using the primary frequency modulation power quantity calculated according to the sampling frequency, in addition, the frequency modulation speed can be accelerated by using the maximum frequency modulation power quantity, and therefore, the frequency modulation speed of the frequency modulation scheme is high, and the primary frequency modulation can be stably.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 shows a schematic process diagram of a primary frequency modulation closed-loop control based on an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a primary frequency modulation method based on an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, a PCS in an energy storage system samples three-phase voltage from an ac side thereof, locks a positive sequence voltage angular velocity w of a three-phase power grid by using a SPLL technique, then obtains a frequency difference Δ f of the power grid through a sliding window function calculation, further obtains a frequency modulation power amount Δ P corresponding to the frequency difference by combining a frequency modulation curve calculation and a frequency modulation strategy calculation, and obtains a secondary frequency modulation power amount P according to the frequency modulation power amount and the secondary frequency modulation power amount PsAnd obtaining the final active power regulating quantity P.
The above frequency modulation process is described in detail with reference to fig. 2, and is applied to a PCS controller of an energy storage system, where the current frequency of a power grid is continuously sampled, and a primary frequency modulation power amount corresponding to this time is calculated according to the sampled frequency. The process shown in fig. 2 is a single-frequency modulation process, that is, the steps shown in fig. 2 are performed every period in the whole primary frequency modulation process.
As shown in fig. 2, the frequency modulation method includes the following steps:
and S110, calculating the sampling frequency of the power grid according to the collected three-phase power grid voltage information, and calculating the frequency difference between the sampling frequency and the rated frequency.
The PCS controller in the energy storage system collects three-phase alternating-current voltage at the alternating-current side of the PCS controller, calculates the angular speed w of the voltage of a power grid through a phase-locked loop technology, calculates the sampling frequency of the power grid by using a sliding window function, and further calculates the frequency difference delta f according to the sampling frequency and the rated frequency.
In one possible implementation, Δ f is the difference between the current frequency and the rated frequency of the power grid, and if the difference is greater than 0, it indicates that the current frequency of the power grid is greater than the rated frequency; if the difference is less than 0, it indicates that the current frequency of the grid is less than the rated frequency.
And S120, calculating according to the frequency difference to obtain the frequency modulation power calculated amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period.
And calculating to obtain a primary frequency modulation power calculated quantity delta P according to the frequency difference delta f and the preset rotation speed unequal rate delta by referring to a primary frequency modulation curve.
Wherein, the primary frequency modulation curve represents the relation between the delta f and the primary frequency modulation power quantity delta P.
The calculation formula of the frequency modulation power calculation amount is as follows:
Δ P ═ K ═ δ · Δ f (formula 1)
In the formula 1, δ represents the rotation speed inequality rate, K represents the conversion coefficient of the rotation speed inequality rate into% Pn/Hz, and the K value corresponding to the set δ is searched from the primary frequency modulation curve.
The rotating speed unequal rate refers to the percentage of the ratio of the difference between the idle load rotating speed and the full load rotating speed to the rated rotating speed when the generator operates alone.
In one possible implementation of the present application, if Δ f is greater than 0, Δ P is greater than 0, in which case the energy storage system absorbs active power; if Δ f is less than 0, Δ P is less than 0, in which case the energy storage system releases active power.
And S130, in the process that the absolute value of the frequency difference gradually increases to the maximum value, selecting the primary frequency modulation power with the maximum value as the primary frequency modulation power of the current frequency sampling period according to the frequency modulation power calculated amount and the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted in the last frequency sampling period.
The gradual increase of the absolute value of the frequency difference comprises the following two conditions, wherein one condition is that the sampling frequency of the power grid is greater than the rated frequency, and the frequency difference gradually increases, namely the real frequency of the power grid gradually increases; the other is that the sampling frequency of the power grid is less than the rated frequency, and the absolute value of the frequency difference gradually increases, namely the real frequency of the power grid gradually decreases.
No matter the sampling frequency of the power grid is greater than the rated frequency or less than the rated frequency, the maximum primary frequency modulation power used by the current frequency sampling period is selected as the primary frequency modulation power of the circulator as the absolute value of the frequency difference is continuously increased. And then controlling the energy storage system to absorb/release active power according to the sign of the primary frequency modulation power quantity.
Suppose that the calculated amount of the frequency modulation power corresponding to the current period is delta PkThe amount of FM power used in the previous cycle is Δ Pk-1。
When k is 1, the frequency modulation power amount delta P calculated by using the current periodkAs the primary modulated power of the period.
When k is more than or equal to 2, the maximum frequency modulation power is selected as the primary frequency modulation power of the current cycle in each cycle, namely delta Pkmax＝MAX(ΔP(k-1)max，ΔPk)，ΔPkxamDenotes the maximum primary modulation power, Δ P, corresponding to the k-th cycle(k-1)maxRepresents the maximum primary modulation power, Δ P, corresponding to the k-1 th cyclekAnd indicating the calculated amount of the frequency modulation power corresponding to the k-th period.
Note that Δ P(k-1)maxNot necessarily the calculated amount of the frequency modulation power corresponding to the k-1 th period, and the maximum primary frequency modulation power of the k-1 th period is cut off.
And S140, comparing the primary frequency modulation power quantity adopted in the previous frequency sampling period, and when the reduction of the frequency modulation power calculation quantity is smaller than a preset power value, taking the maximum primary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current sampling period as the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period.
Updating Δ P on continuous calculationkmaxWhen the frequency modulation power of the k-th cycle is calculated, the amount Δ P is calculatedkΔ P less than the k-1 th period(k-1)maxThat is, the calculated amount of the frequency modulation power calculated in the k-th period is smaller than the maximum frequency modulation power used in the previous period, and if the calculated amount is smaller than the preset power value Δ PfzThen the k-th cycle still adopts Δ P(k-1)maxAs maximum amount of frequency-modulated power of the cycle, i.e. Δ PkmaxAssigned as Δ P(k-1)max。
Wherein, Δ PfzRefers to the amount of frequency modulated power corresponding to the frequency sampling resolution, e.g., 0.003Hz, Δ PfzThe active power required to be regulated when the frequency of the power grid changes by 0.003 Hz.
When Δ PkWhen the reduction amount of (2) does not obtain the preset power value, the delta P is still adopted(k-1)maxThe primary frequency modulation is carried out, thus eliminating delta P oscillation caused by frequency sampling precision and simultaneously eliminating delta P of the previous period(k-1)maxThe reverse small amplitude jitter of the real frequency of the power grid caused by the power grid feeding can better track the frequency change of the power grid and generate a continuous and smooth frequency and primary frequency modulation (absolute value) tracking curve in the power grid frequency rising stage.
S150, comparing with the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted in the last frequency sampling period, if the decrement of the frequency modulation power calculation amount of the current frequency sampling period is larger than or equal to a preset frequency value and the reduction duration of the frequency modulation power amount is larger than or equal to a preset duration, taking the frequency modulation power calculation amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period as a target primary frequency modulation power amount until the frequency of the power grid is restored to the preset frequency range.
For example, Δ P of the k-th periodkΔ P from the k-1 th period(k-1)maxCompared with the reduction that reaches the preset power value delta PfzWhile the duration reaches a preset duration(e.g., 100ms), in which case Δ P will bekmaxAssigned as Δ PkAnd until the frequency of the power grid is restored to a primary frequency modulation dead zone, the frequency modulation is not carried out by adopting a primary frequency modulation method.
The primary frequency modulation dead zone refers to a frequency range in which the frequency of the power grid cannot be adjusted by adopting primary frequency modulation.
According to the process of the step, in the process of adjusting back and reducing the absolute value of the real frequency difference of the power grid from the maximum value, the frequency modulation power is updated to the frequency modulation power value calculated in the current period only when the frequency modulation power reduction amplitude reaches the preset power value and the duration time reaches the preset duration time, and therefore, in the process of starting adjusting back and reducing the frequency difference from the maximum value until the frequency difference is restored to the range of the primary frequency modulation dead zone, the primary frequency modulation power is reduced in a stepped mode. The process can prevent active power and power grid frequency jitter in the power grid frequency down-regulation process.
The process that the absolute value of the frequency difference is reduced from the maximum value also comprises two conditions, wherein one condition is that the sampling frequency of the power grid is greater than the rated frequency, and the frequency difference is gradually reduced from the maximum value, namely the real frequency of the power grid is gradually reduced to the rated frequency; alternatively, the sampling frequency of the power grid is less than the rated frequency, and the absolute value of the frequency difference is decreased from the maximum value, i.e. the real frequency of the power grid gradually increases to the rated frequency.
Referring to fig. 3, a graph of a tracking effect curve of the grid frequency and the primary frequency modulation amount obtained by using the frequency modulation method provided by the present application is shown, where a solid line in fig. 3 represents a grid frequency variation curve sampled in real time, and a dotted line represents a primary frequency modulation power amount (absolute value) variation curve.
As shown in fig. 3, in the process that the absolute value of the grid frequency difference gradually increases to the maximum value, the primary frequency modulation power (absolute value) can well track the gradual increase of the grid frequency, and a smoothly varying tracking curve is presented; in the process that the absolute value of the grid frequency difference is reduced back from the maximum value, the primary frequency modulation power (absolute value) is reduced in a step mode.
And S160, adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period.
In one possible implementation, when the primary frequency modulation is a negative value, the energy storage system absorbs active power from the grid side; when the primary frequency modulation amount is a positive value, the energy storage system releases active power to the power grid.
In one embodiment of the present application, when the state of charge of the energy storage system is within a preset range, the energy storage system is enabled to participate in a primary frequency modulation process; and when the charge state of the energy storage system exceeds the preset range, controlling the energy storage system to exit the primary frequency modulation process so as to avoid damaging the energy storage system.
In the frequency modulation method based on the energy storage system, in the process that the absolute value of the frequency difference of the power grid is increased to the maximum value, the maximum primary frequency modulation power amount in the frequency modulation process is always used for primary frequency modulation, and in the process, when the calculated frequency modulation power amount is reduced and the reduction amount does not reach the preset power value, the maximum frequency modulation power amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period is still used for primary frequency modulation.
In addition, in the stage of the absolute value reduction of the frequency difference of the power grid, the frequency modulation power is updated to the frequency modulation power value calculated in the current period only when the frequency modulation power reduction amplitude reaches the preset power value and the duration time reaches the preset time length, so that the active power and the power grid frequency jitter in the process of power grid frequency reduction can be prevented.
In an embodiment of the present application, in the primary frequency modulation participation process, the obtained primary frequency modulation power amount needs to pass through a low-pass filter to obtain a smooth target frequency modulation power amount. As shown in fig. 4, the process of S160 in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 may include the following steps:
and S161, obtaining a target frequency modulation power quantity according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity and the secondary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period.
The energy storage System participates in the secondary frequency modulation process, that is, the energy storage System only needs to follow an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) instruction (the AGC instruction contains secondary frequency modulation power quantity) sent by a Distributed Control System (DCS) System of a power plant, and the faster the following, the higher the precision, and the better the performance index.
In one application scenario of the present application, the secondary frequency modulation power amount P used within a predetermined frequency range (i.e., the primary frequency modulation dead zone)sIn contrast, if the secondary frequency modulation power quantity P of the current frequency sampling periods(i.e., the amount of the fm power corresponding to the AGC command) has the same sign as the primary fm power Δ P of the current frequency sampling period, and the final active power adjustment amount (i.e., the target fm power) is P ═ Ps+ΔP。
In another application scenario of the present application, P corresponding to the primary frequency modulation dead zonesComparing, if the current frequency sampling period corresponds to PsIf the change direction of the time interval is opposite to the sign of delta P of the current period, the AGC command is locked, and P contained in the historical AGC command in the primary frequency modulation dead zone range is adoptedsAnd the final active power regulating quantity is obtained together with the delta P, so that the active power is prevented from being reversely regulated.
And S162, smoothing and filtering the target frequency modulation power amount corresponding to each frequency sampling period to obtain a smooth target frequency modulation power amount.
And performing low-pass filtering on the final active power regulating quantity corresponding to each period through a low-pass filter, so as to obtain a smooth active power regulating quantity.
In one embodiment of the present application, the event of the low pass filter may be set within the above-mentioned preset duration (e.g., 100ms), for example, may be the same as the time window (e.g., 40ms) of the sliding window function.
And S163, adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the smooth target frequency modulation power quantity.
The final active target instruction containing the smooth target frequency modulation power quantity outputs the frequency modulation power and the AGC power required by the feed network through the power loop shown in FIG. 1, the delay time of the whole power loop can be within 100ms, and meanwhile, the stability is good. The frequency modulation precision is affected by the frequency precision of voltage sampling and phase-locked loop calculation in sequence, the frequency modulation precision of 0.003Hz can be generally achieved, and the requirement of 0.003Hz resolution of primary frequency modulation characteristics of a new energy power station during grid connection is met.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the frequency modulation method based on the energy storage system, the application also provides an embodiment of a frequency modulation device based on the energy storage system.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of a frequency modulation apparatus based on an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the apparatus is applied to an energy storage system, and as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes:
and the frequency sampling module 110 is configured to calculate a sampling frequency of the power grid according to the collected information of the three-phase power grid voltage.
And a frequency difference obtaining module 120, configured to calculate a frequency difference between the sampling frequency and a rated frequency of the power grid.
And the frequency modulation power calculation module 130 is configured to calculate, according to the frequency difference, a frequency modulation power calculation amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period.
The first frequency modulation power amount determining module 140 is configured to select, according to the frequency modulation power calculated amount and the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted in the previous frequency sampling period of the current frequency sampling period, the frequency modulation power with the largest value as the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period in the process of gradually increasing the absolute value of the frequency difference.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, the first fm power determination module 140 includes:
the comparing submodule 141 is configured to compare the calculated amount of the frequency modulation power of the current frequency sampling period with the amount of the primary frequency modulation power adopted by the previous frequency sampling period.
The first determining submodule 142 is configured to determine that the current frequency power calculation amount is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period when the frequency modulation power calculation amount is greater than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted in the previous frequency sampling period.
The second determining submodule 143 is configured to determine, when the calculated frequency modulation power amount is smaller than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted in the previous frequency sampling period, that the primary frequency modulation power amount corresponding to the previous frequency sampling period is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period.
A second frequency modulation power amount determining module 150, configured to, when the decrease amount of the calculated frequency modulation power amount is smaller than a preset power value, use the frequency modulation power amount with the largest value corresponding to the current sampling period as the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period.
And the power adjusting module 160 is configured to adjust the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the power conditioning module 160 includes:
and the target frequency modulation power amount determining submodule 161 is configured to obtain a target frequency modulation power amount according to the primary frequency modulation power amount and the secondary frequency modulation power amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period.
In a possible implementation manner, the target fm power determination sub-module 161 is specifically configured to:
comparing the secondary frequency modulation power quantity adopted in a preset frequency range, if the change direction of the secondary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period is the same as the sign of the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period, superposing the primary frequency modulation power quantity and the secondary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period to obtain the target frequency modulation power quantity;
and if the change direction of the secondary frequency modulation power quantity is opposite to the sign of the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period, obtaining the target frequency modulation power quantity according to the secondary frequency modulation power quantity adopted in the preset range and the primary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period.
And the power control submodule 162 is configured to control the active power of the energy storage system according to the target frequency modulation power amount.
In one possible implementation, the power control sub-module 162 includes:
and the smoothing filtering submodule is used for smoothing and filtering the target frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to each frequency sampling period to obtain a smooth target frequency modulation power quantity.
And the power adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the smooth target frequency modulation power quantity.
In another possible implementation manner, before the active power of the energy storage system is adjusted, whether the state of charge of the energy storage system is within a preset range is detected; when the state of charge of the energy storage system is within the preset range, executing the step of adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period; and when the state of charge of the energy storage system exceeds the preset range, controlling the energy storage system to exit the frequency modulation process.
In the frequency modulation device based on the energy storage system, when the sampling frequency of the power grid is greater than the rated frequency and the frequency difference rises to the maximum value, the maximum primary frequency modulation power in the frequency modulation process is always used for primary frequency modulation, and in the process, when the calculated frequency modulation power is reduced and the reduction does not reach the preset power value, the maximum frequency modulation power corresponding to the current frequency sampling period is still used for primary frequency modulation.
The application provides a frequency modulation control device, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program which can run on the processor. The processor implements any of the above frequency modulation methods based on the energy storage system when running the program stored in the memory.
The present application further provides a storage medium executable by a computing device, where the storage medium stores a program, and the program, when executed by the computing device, implements any of the above frequency modulation methods based on an energy storage system.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the foregoing method embodiments have been described as a series of acts or combination of acts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated ordering of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the invention. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required by the invention.
It should be noted that technical features described in the embodiments in the present specification may be replaced or combined with each other, each embodiment is mainly described as a difference from the other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The steps in the method of the embodiments of the present application may be sequentially adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs.
The device and the modules and sub-modules in the terminal in the embodiments of the present application can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed terminal, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described terminal embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of a module or a sub-module is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when the terminal is actually implemented, for example, a plurality of sub-modules or modules may be combined or integrated into another module, or some features may be omitted or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The modules or sub-modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts that are modules or sub-modules may or may not be physical modules or sub-modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network modules or sub-modules. Some or all of the modules or sub-modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, each functional module or sub-module in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module or sub-module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules or sub-modules may be integrated into one module. The integrated modules or sub-modules may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional modules or sub-modules.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A frequency modulation method based on an energy storage system is characterized by being applied to the energy storage system, and the method comprises the following steps:
aiming at each frequency sampling period after entering the frequency modulation process, the following steps are executed:
according to the collected three-phase power grid voltage information, calculating to obtain the sampling frequency of the power grid, and calculating the frequency difference between the sampling frequency and the rated frequency of the power grid;
calculating according to the frequency difference to obtain a frequency modulation power calculated amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period;
in the process that the absolute value of the frequency difference is gradually increased, selecting the frequency modulation power with the maximum value as the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period according to the frequency modulation power calculated quantity and the primary frequency modulation power quantity adopted by the last frequency sampling period of the current frequency sampling period;
compared with the primary frequency modulation power quantity adopted in the last frequency sampling period, when the reduction quantity of the frequency modulation power calculation quantity is smaller than a preset power value, the frequency modulation power quantity with the maximum value corresponding to the current sampling period is still used as the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period;
and adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and when the reduction amount of the frequency modulation power calculation amount of the current frequency sampling period is greater than or equal to the preset frequency value and the reduction amount of the frequency modulation power calculation amount within the preset time length is greater than or equal to the preset frequency value, taking the frequency modulation power calculation amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period as a target primary frequency modulation power amount until the frequency of the power grid is restored to the preset frequency range.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining, according to the fm power calculation amount and the amount of the primary fm power used in the previous frequency sampling period of the current frequency sampling period, the fm power with the largest value as the amount of the primary fm power of the current frequency sampling period comprises:
comparing the frequency modulation power calculation amount of the current frequency sampling period with the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the last frequency sampling period;
when the calculated frequency modulation power amount is larger than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the last frequency sampling period, determining that the calculated current frequency power amount is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period;
and when the calculated frequency modulation power amount is smaller than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the previous frequency sampling period, determining that the primary frequency modulation power amount corresponding to the previous frequency sampling period is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the active power of the energy storage system based on the amount of primary frequency modulated power for the current frequency sampling period comprises:
obtaining a target frequency modulation power quantity according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity and the secondary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period;
and controlling the active power of the energy storage system according to the target frequency modulation power quantity.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the controlling the active power of the energy storage system according to the target FM power amount comprises:
carrying out smooth filtering on the target frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to each frequency sampling period to obtain a smooth target frequency modulation power quantity;
and adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the smooth target frequency modulation power quantity.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein obtaining a target frequency modulation power amount according to the primary frequency modulation power amount and the secondary frequency modulation power amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period comprises:
comparing the secondary frequency modulation power quantity adopted in a preset frequency range, if the change direction of the secondary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period is the same as the sign of the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period, superposing the primary frequency modulation power quantity and the secondary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period to obtain the target frequency modulation power quantity;
and if the change direction of the secondary frequency modulation power quantity is opposite to the sign of the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period, obtaining the target frequency modulation power quantity according to the secondary frequency modulation power quantity adopted in the preset range and the primary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to the adjusting the active power of the energy storage system based on the amount of primary frequency modulated power for the current frequency sampling period, the method further comprises:
detecting whether the state of charge of the energy storage system is within a preset range;
when the state of charge of the energy storage system is within the preset range, executing the step of adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period;
and when the state of charge of the energy storage system exceeds the preset range, controlling the energy storage system to exit the frequency modulation process.
8. A frequency modulation device based on an energy storage system is characterized in that the device is applied to the energy storage system and comprises:
the frequency sampling module is used for calculating the sampling frequency of the power grid according to the collected information of the three-phase power grid voltage;
the frequency difference acquisition module is used for calculating the frequency difference between the sampling frequency and the rated frequency of the power grid;
the frequency modulation power calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining frequency modulation power calculated quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period according to the frequency difference;
a first frequency modulation power amount determining module, configured to select, according to the frequency modulation power calculated amount and a primary frequency modulation power amount used in a previous frequency sampling period of the current frequency sampling period, a frequency modulation power with a largest value as the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period in a process in which an absolute value of the frequency difference gradually increases;
a second frequency modulation power amount determining module, configured to, when the decrease amount of the frequency modulation power calculation amount is smaller than a preset power value, use the frequency modulation power amount with the largest value corresponding to the current sampling period as the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period;
and the power adjusting module is used for adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity of the current frequency sampling period.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising:
and a third frequency modulation power amount determining module, configured to, when a decrease amount of the frequency modulation power calculation amount in the current frequency sampling period is greater than or equal to the preset frequency value and the decrease amounts of the frequency modulation power calculation amounts in a preset time duration are greater than or equal to the preset frequency value, take the frequency modulation power calculation amount corresponding to the current frequency sampling period as a target primary frequency modulation power amount until the frequency of the power grid is restored to a preset frequency range, compared with the primary frequency modulation power amount in the previous frequency sampling period.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first FM power level determining module comprises:
the comparison submodule is used for comparing the frequency modulation power calculated quantity of the current frequency sampling period with the primary frequency modulation power quantity adopted by the last frequency sampling period;
the first determining submodule is used for determining that the current frequency power calculation amount is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period when the frequency modulation power calculation amount is larger than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the last frequency sampling period;
and the second determining submodule is used for determining that the primary frequency modulation power amount corresponding to the previous frequency sampling period is the primary frequency modulation power amount of the current frequency sampling period when the frequency modulation power calculated amount is smaller than the primary frequency modulation power amount adopted by the previous frequency sampling period.
11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the power conditioning module comprises:
the target frequency modulation power quantity determining submodule is used for obtaining a target frequency modulation power quantity according to the primary frequency modulation power quantity and the secondary frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to the current frequency sampling period;
and the power control submodule is used for controlling the active power of the energy storage system according to the target frequency modulation power quantity.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the power control sub-module comprises:
the smoothing filtering submodule is used for smoothing and filtering the target frequency modulation power quantity corresponding to each frequency sampling period to obtain a smooth target frequency modulation power quantity;
and the power adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the active power of the energy storage system according to the smooth target frequency modulation power quantity.
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