CN114552676B - Schedulable distributed energy system network construction control method - Google Patents

Schedulable distributed energy system network construction control method Download PDF

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CN114552676B
CN114552676B CN202210424151.4A CN202210424151A CN114552676B CN 114552676 B CN114552676 B CN 114552676B CN 202210424151 A CN202210424151 A CN 202210424151A CN 114552676 B CN114552676 B CN 114552676B
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power
droop
control method
generation unit
distributed energy
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CN114552676A (en
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邓卫
滕玉婷
裴玮
李毅丰
张学
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Abstract

The invention provides a schedulable distributed energy system network construction control method, which provides a self-adaptive droop factor on the basis of droop control based on droop of active power-frequency and reactive power-voltage, can modify a power adjustment value and design EMAP filtering on the basis of the change of an active output instruction value, and is favorable for stabilizing the system frequency. Compared with the traditional droop control method, the droop control method has the capability of keeping constant frequency under different output powers, overcomes the defect of conventional droop control, can provide important support for the development of a distributed energy grid-connected system, and has a wide market prospect.

Description

Schedulable distributed energy system network construction control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electric power, and particularly relates to a schedulable distributed energy system network construction control method.
Background
Renewable energy power generation technologies such as photovoltaic power generation and the like are rapidly developed in the last decade, droop control is one of the most extensive control modes of a new energy grid-connected system, and active power-frequency and reactive power-voltage droop characteristics of a traditional synchronous generator are simulated. In a typical structure of an existing distributed energy system, a power generation unit and an energy storage unit are connected in parallel, and are connected to a power grid through a voltage-source converter (VSC). As shown in the figures 1-2 of the drawings,K f andK V respectively active power-frequency, reactive power-voltageAnd the droop factor of the droop curve is fixed, so that the distributed energy system can adjust the output active power and reactive power according to the droop characteristic.
However, the conventional droop control method adopts a fixed droop factor mode, which has different frequencies under different output power conditions, and is not favorable for stabilizing the system frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the network construction control method for the schedulable distributed energy system of the invention adopts the following technical scheme based on the adjustable adaptive droop factor:
a schedulable distributed energy system grid construction control method takes a photovoltaic power generation unit as a power generation unit, is connected with an energy storage unit in parallel, and is connected into a power grid through a current converter so as to form a photovoltaic grid-connected system, the control method is based on an adaptive droop factor, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) definition ofK f ' For adaptive droop factor:
Figure 450095DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,P base is a reference power value for the power of the power,P actual for the actual value of the output power,P * in order to output the command value in real power,K f a droop factor is a fixed droop curve of the active power-frequency droop curve;
as can be seen from the above-mentioned formula,
Figure 709038DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is a dynamic part thereof, adjustable whenP * Change, the adaptive droop factorK f ' According to the active output instruction valueP * Automatically changes by a change in;
(2) the dispatchable distributed energy system includes 3 functions:
firstly, frequency modulation is needed during grid connection, and a scheduling instruction is received;
secondly, when grid connection is carried out, frequency modulation is not needed, the grid connection device runs in a maximum power point tracking mode, and only the photovoltaic power generation unit outputs power;
and thirdly, under the condition of fault, establishing voltage and frequency of the isolated network system so as to perform isolated network operation.
Further, for the above-described function (r):
Figure 463367DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,P t is composed oftThe output reference value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment; ΔPIs the power deviation;
at this time, the process of the present invention,K f is changed intoK f ' ，K V The fixation is that the output of the photovoltaic power generation unit is kept unchanged, and the control mode of the energy storage unit is not limited, whereinK V The droop factor is the fixed droop factor of the reactive power-voltage droop curve.
Further, the power deviation isPThe following modifications were made:
when SOC is reached<SOCLLThen is atP=0；
When SOC is reachedLL<SOC≤SOLLWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
Figure 465958DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
；
when SOC is more than or equal to SOLLTime of flight，
Figure 989344DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
；
Wherein, ΔP r Is the power adjustment amount dispatched by the dispatching, and the SOC is the state of charge and SOC of the energy storage unitLLLower limit value of state of charge, SOLLThe lower limit of the state of charge.
Further, for the above function ±:
while operating the moldThe formula is a maximum power point tracking method,P * =P t at this timeK f Is changed intoK f ' ，K V The temperature of the molten steel is not changed,K V is a fixed droop factor of the reactive power-voltage droop curve,P t is composed oftAnd (4) the output reference value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment.
Further, the function (c) also comprises using euler moving average prediction filtering:
setting intermediate variables
Figure 684767DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,tis the current time of acquisition and is,t-nis the first before the current acquisition momentnAt the time of each acquisition,P t-n is composed oft-nThe output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment,P t-n+1is composed oft-n+1The output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment,P t-1is composed oft-1The output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at each moment;
intermediate variables
Figure 926393DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Therein istIs a sampling time interval;
Figure 467095DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
whereinα，βIs a proportionality coefficient;
P * =P t 。
further, for the function (c): by usingK f And withK V All constant control modes whereinK f Is a fixed droop factor of the active power-frequency droop curve,K V the droop factor is fixed for the reactive power-voltage droop curve.
Has the advantages that:
the schedulable distributed energy system network construction control method is based on the schedulable droop factor, has the capability of providing power grid support capability and quickly responding to and suppressing system disturbance, and has the capability of keeping the frequency constant under different output powers compared with the traditional droop control method. The invention provides the self-adaptive droop factor on the basis of droop control based on the droop performance under the active power-frequency and reactive power-voltage in the conventional mode, the self-adaptive droop factor can change according to the active output instruction value, and the power adjustment value is corrected and EMAP filtering is designed on the basis, so that the stability of the system frequency is facilitated, the defect of the conventional droop control is overcome, an important support can be provided for the development of a distributed energy grid-connected system, and the market prospect is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art active-frequency droop curve;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of a prior art reactive-voltage droop curve;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a dispatchable distributed energy system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 3, the schedulable distributed energy system of the present invention includes a power generation unit and an energy storage unit, where the power generation unit is connected in parallel with the energy storage unit and is connected to a power grid through a voltage-source converter (VSC). The grid-connected system takes the power generation unit as the photovoltaic power generation unit as an example, so that the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage unit are connected in parallel and are connected into a power grid through the current converter, and the photovoltaic grid-connected system is formed. The schedulable distributed energy system network construction control method is based on the conventional basisOn the basis of droop control of droop under active power-frequency and reactive power-voltage, a self-adaptive droop factor is provided, the power adjustment value can be corrected and EMAP filtering can be designed on the basis according to the change of an active output instruction value, and the stability of system frequency is facilitated. In the case of the existing distributed energy system,K f andK V the fixed droop factors are respectively active power-frequency and reactive power-voltage droop curves.
The schedulable distributed energy system network construction control method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) definition ofK f ' For adaptive droop factor:
Figure 110566DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
wherein the content of the first and second substances,P base is a reference power value for the power of the power,P actual in order to actually output the power value,P * the active output instruction value is obtained.
As can be seen from the above-mentioned formula,
Figure 711312DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is a dynamic part thereof, as long asP * And when the adaptive droop factor changes, the adaptive droop factor automatically changes.
(2) The photovoltaic grid-connected system shown in fig. 3 includes 3 functions:
firstly, frequency modulation is needed during grid connection, and a scheduling instruction is received;
secondly, when grid connection is not needed, the grid connection is operated in a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mode;
and thirdly, under the condition of a fault, establishing the voltage and the frequency of the isolated network system according to a control strategy so as to perform isolated network operation.
Specifically, for the above function (r):
Figure 440234DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,P t is composed oftThe output reference value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment; ΔPIs a power deviation, related to the state of charge, SOC, of the energy storage unit; at this time, sinceP * Is changed, thereforeK f Is changed intoK f ' ，K V And (4) fixing, namely the output of the photovoltaic power generation unit is kept unchanged, and the control mode of the energy storage unit is not limited.
ForPThe invention makes the following modifications:
when SOC is reached<SOCLLAt long timeP=0；
When the SOC isLL<SOC≤SOLLWhen the utility model is used, the water is discharged,
Figure 299474DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
；
when SOC is more than or equal to SOLLTime of flight，
Figure 797451DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
；
Wherein, ΔP r Is the power adjustment amount dispatched by the dispatching, and the SOC is the state of charge and SOC of the energy storage unitLLLower limit value of state of charge, SOLLThe lower limit of the state of charge.
For the above function (c):
when the operation mode is a maximum power point tracking mode, namely only the output of the photovoltaic power generation unit,P * =P t at this time due toP * Is changed, thereforeK f Is changed intoK f ' ，K V Fixing the position of the movable part in a fixed manner, wherein,P t is composed oftAnd (4) the output reference value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment.
Filtering using Euler Moving Average Prediction (EMAP):
setting intermediate variables
Figure 834678DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,tfor the current acquisition time to be the current acquisition time,t-nis the first before the current acquisition momentnAt the moment of the collection, the data acquisition unit,P t-n is composed oft-nThe output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment,P t-n+1is composed oft-n+1The output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment,P t-1is composed oft-1And (4) outputting the force value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment.
Intermediate variables
Figure 785316DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
Therein istIs a sampling time interval;
Figure 933401DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
whereinα，βIs a proportionality coefficient;
P * =P t 。
for the function (c): by setting the sag factorK f AndK V all the same control mode.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A schedulable distributed energy system network construction control method takes a photovoltaic power generation unit as a power generation unit, is connected with an energy storage unit in parallel and is connected into a power grid through a current converter so as to form a photovoltaic grid-connected system, and is characterized in that: the control method is based on the self-adaptive droop factor and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) definition ofK f ' Is fromAdaptation to the sag factor:
Figure 32162DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein the content of the first and second substances,P base is a reference power value for the power of the power,P actual for the actual value of the output power,P *in order to output the command value in real power,K f a droop factor is a fixed droop curve of the active power-frequency droop curve;
as can be seen from the above-mentioned formula,
Figure 214882DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is a dynamic part thereof, adjustable whenP * The adaptive droop factor is changed according to the active output instruction valueP * Automatically changes by a change in;
(2) the dispatchable distributed energy system includes 3 functions:
firstly, frequency modulation is needed during grid connection, and a scheduling instruction is received;
secondly, when grid connection is carried out, frequency modulation is not needed, the grid connection device runs in a maximum power point tracking mode, and only the photovoltaic power generation unit outputs power;
and thirdly, under the condition of fault, establishing voltage and frequency of the isolated network system so as to perform isolated network operation.
2. The schedulable distributed energy system grid formation control method of claim 1, wherein:
for the above function (i):
Figure 260198DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
wherein the content of the first and second substances,P t is composed oftThe output reference value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment; ΔPIs the power offset;
at this time, the process of the present invention,K f is changed intoK f ' ，K V Fixing, namely the output of the photovoltaic power generation unit remains unchanged, and the control mode of the energy storage unit is not limited, whereinK V The droop factor is the fixed droop factor of the reactive power-voltage droop curve.
3. The schedulable distributed energy system grid control method of claim 2, wherein:
the power deviation isPThe following modifications were made:
when SOC is reached<SOCLLThen is atP=0；
When SOC is reachedLL<SOC≤SOLLWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
Figure 655407DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
；
when SOC is more than or equal to SOLLTime of flight，
Figure 735359DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
；
Wherein, ΔP r Is the power adjustment amount dispatched by the dispatching, and the SOC is the state of charge and SOC of the energy storage unitLLLower limit value of state of charge, SOLLThe lower limit of the state of charge.
4. The schedulable distributed energy system grid control method of claim 1, wherein:
for the above function (c):
when the operation mode is the maximum power point tracking mode,P * =P t at this timeK f Is changed intoK f ' ，K V The temperature of the molten steel is not changed,K V is a droop factor of a reactive power-voltage droop curve, whereinP t Is composed oftAnd (4) the output reference value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment.
5. The schedulable distributed energy system grid control method of claim 4, wherein: the function II also comprises the following steps of adopting Euler moving average prediction filtering:
setting intermediate variables
Figure 557821DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,tis the current time of acquisition and is,t-nis the first before the current acquisition momentnAt the time of each acquisition,P t n-is composed oft-nThe output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment,P t n-+1is composed oft-n+1The output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the moment,P t-1is composed oft-1The output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit at each moment;
intermediate variables
Figure 90434DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Therein istIs a sampling time interval;
Figure 289334DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
whereinα，βIs a proportionality coefficient;
P *=P t 。
6. the schedulable distributed energy system grid control method of claim 1, wherein: for the function (c): by usingK f AndK V all constant control modes whereinK f Is a fixed droop factor of the active power-frequency droop curve,K V the droop factor is the fixed droop factor of the reactive power-voltage droop curve.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110212572A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-09-06 国家电网有限公司 Mode adaptive based on compound virtual impedance improves droop control method
CN111864807A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-10-30 华能威宁风力发电有限公司 Method for controlling primary frequency modulation of wind turbine generator based on nonlinear droop
WO2022036787A1 (en) * 2020-08-21 2022-02-24 西安热工研究院有限公司 Method for improving wind power grid-connected primary frequency modulation performance by utilizing adaptive virtual parameters

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110212572A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-09-06 国家电网有限公司 Mode adaptive based on compound virtual impedance improves droop control method
WO2022036787A1 (en) * 2020-08-21 2022-02-24 西安热工研究院有限公司 Method for improving wind power grid-connected primary frequency modulation performance by utilizing adaptive virtual parameters
CN111864807A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-10-30 华能威宁风力发电有限公司 Method for controlling primary frequency modulation of wind turbine generator based on nonlinear droop

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Title
基于变下垂系数的直流配电网自适应虚拟惯性控制;王毅等;《电力系统自动化》;20170425(第08期);122-130 *

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