CN112330181A - Enterprise credit evaluation method and device based on block chain - Google Patents
Enterprise credit evaluation method and device based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The specification provides an enterprise credit evaluation method and device based on a block chain, which are applied to a credit evaluation system, wherein the credit evaluation system is in butt joint with node equipment of the block chain; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring service behavior data and service verification data from the node equipment; the business behavior data is sent to the block chain by a target enterprise terminal to be evaluated; the business verification data is sent to the block chain by other enterprise terminals which have business relevance with the target enterprise; verifying whether the service behavior data is real and effective or not based on the service verification data; and if so, performing credit evaluation calculation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the block chain for evidence storage.
Description
Technical Field
One or more embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of network communications, and in particular, to a block chain-based enterprise credit evaluation method and apparatus.
Background
Enterprise credit rating is of crucial importance in the financial activity of an enterprise. Currently, a common enterprise credit evaluation method is that an evaluation organization sends a manual investigator to an enterprise to be evaluated to perform full-time investigation, and enterprise operation condition and financial condition data required by enterprise credit evaluation calculation are acquired. However, the execution efficiency of manual tuning is relatively low, and there is a possibility of transferring benefits between the enterprise and the investigator, which makes it difficult to ensure the accuracy of the credit evaluation result of the enterprise, thereby affecting the economic benefits of other parties in the financial activity, such as potential investors of the enterprise to be evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, one or more embodiments of the present specification provide an enterprise credit evaluation method based on a blockchain, which is applied to a credit evaluation system that interfaces with node devices of the blockchain; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring service behavior data and service verification data from the node equipment; the business behavior data is sent to the block chain by a target enterprise terminal to be evaluated; the business verification data is sent to the block chain by other enterprise terminals which have business relevance with the target enterprise;
verifying whether the service behavior data is real and effective or not based on the service verification data;
and if so, performing credit evaluation calculation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the block chain for evidence storage.
In a further illustrated embodiment, the business verification data includes business behavior data associated with the business of the target enterprise, which is sent by other enterprise terminals in the same supply chain as the target enterprise;
the verifying whether the service behavior data is true and valid based on the service verification data includes:
and verifying whether the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise is matched with the business behavior data which is sent by other enterprise terminals and has business relevance with the target enterprise.
In another illustrated embodiment, the method further comprises: obtaining financial status data of the target enterprise from the node device;
the performing credit evaluation calculations for the target enterprise based on the business behavior data includes:
performing a credit rating calculation for the target business based on the business behavior data and the financial status data after the financial status data is validated.
In another illustrated embodiment, the method further comprises: acquiring business behavior data or financial state data with privacy, which is obtained based on manual investigation on the target enterprise;
performing a credit evaluation calculation for the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial status data, comprising:
and performing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data stored on the blockchain and the private business behavior data and the private financial state data obtained by manual investigation.
In yet another illustrative embodiment, performing a credit rating calculation for the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial status data comprises:
performing multi-index evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data by using a preset credit evaluation model;
and calculating a credit evaluation result of the target enterprise based on the result of the multi-index evaluation.
In a further illustrated embodiment, the blockchain is deployed with intelligent contracts for credit rating management of enterprises, and the execution logic corresponding to contract codes of the intelligent contracts comprises computing logic for credit rating of enterprises;
the performing credit evaluation calculation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial status data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the blockchain for evidence storage includes:
constructing a smart contract invocation transaction based on the business behavior data and the financial status data,
sending the intelligent contract invocation transaction to the node device to enable the node device to invoke the intelligent contract, executing the computational logic of the intelligent contract statement, executing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the blockchain for evidence storage.
In another illustrated embodiment, the method further comprises:
and performing risk level evaluation on the securities issued by the target enterprise based on the credit evaluation result.
Correspondingly, the specification also provides an enterprise credit evaluation device based on the block chain, which is applied to a credit evaluation system, wherein the credit evaluation system is in butt joint with the node equipment of the block chain; the device comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring service behavior data and service verification data from the node equipment; the business behavior data is sent to the block chain by a target enterprise terminal to be evaluated; the business verification data is sent to the block chain by other enterprise terminals which have business relevance with the target enterprise;
the verification unit is used for verifying whether the business behavior data is real and effective or not based on the business verification data;
a computing unit to perform a credit evaluation calculation for the target enterprise based on the business behavior data,
and the evidence storing unit is used for sending the calculated credit evaluation result of the target enterprise to the block chain for storing the evidence.
In a further illustrated embodiment, the business verification data includes business behavior data associated with the business of the target enterprise, which is sent by other enterprise terminals in the same supply chain as the target enterprise;
the verification unit is further configured to:
and verifying whether the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise is matched with the business behavior data which is sent by other enterprise terminals and has business relevance with the target enterprise.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, the obtaining unit is further configured to: obtaining financial status data of the target enterprise from the node device;
the computing unit is further configured to: performing a credit rating calculation for the target business based on the business behavior data and the financial status data after the financial status data is validated.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, the obtaining unit is further configured to: acquiring business behavior data or financial state data with privacy, which is obtained based on manual investigation on the target enterprise;
the computing unit is further configured to: and performing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data stored on the blockchain and the private business behavior data and the private financial state data obtained by manual investigation.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, the computing unit is further configured to:
performing multi-index evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data by using a preset credit evaluation model;
and calculating a credit evaluation result of the target enterprise based on the result of the multi-index evaluation.
In a further illustrated embodiment, the blockchain is deployed with intelligent contracts for credit rating management of enterprises, and the execution logic corresponding to contract codes of the intelligent contracts comprises computing logic for credit rating of enterprises;
the computing unit and the evidence storing unit are further configured to:
constructing a smart contract invocation transaction based on the business behavior data and the financial status data,
sending the intelligent contract invocation transaction to the node device to enable the node device to invoke the intelligent contract, executing the computational logic of the intelligent contract statement, executing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the blockchain for evidence storage.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, the computing unit is further configured to:
and performing risk level evaluation on the securities issued by the target enterprise based on the credit evaluation result.
This specification also proposes a computer device comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory having stored thereon a computer program executable by the processor; and when the computer program is run by the processor, the enterprise credit evaluation method based on the block chain executed by the credit evaluation system is executed.
The present specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program is executed by a processor to execute the block chain-based enterprise credit evaluation method executed by the credit evaluation system.
Based on the block chain-based enterprise credit evaluation method, device, computer equipment and computer-readable storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present specification, a tamper-proof mechanism of a block chain is utilized to store business behavior data sent to the block chain for a target enterprise client to be evaluated and business verification data which is sent to the block chain by other mechanism clients and has business association with the target enterprise, so that after the business behavior data is verified to be true and valid based on the business verification data, credit evaluation calculation for the target enterprise is executed based on the business behavior data, and accuracy of credit evaluation for the enterprise is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of creating an intelligent contract provided by an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a calling smart contract provided by an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of creating an intelligent contract and invoking an intelligent contract provided by an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a block chain-based enterprise credit evaluation method according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an enterprise credit evaluation device based on a block chain according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a hardware block diagram for implementing an embodiment of the device for evaluating enterprise credit based on a block chain provided in the present specification.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with one or more embodiments of the present specification. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of one or more embodiments of the specification, as detailed in the claims which follow.
It should be noted that: in other embodiments, the steps of the corresponding methods are not necessarily performed in the order shown and described herein. In some other embodiments, the methods may include more or less steps than those described herein. Moreover, a single step described in this specification may be divided into multiple steps for description in other embodiments; however, in other embodiments, multiple steps described in this specification may be combined into a single step for description.
Enterprise credit rating is of crucial importance in the financial activity of an enterprise. For example, a financial institution needs to perform loan credit approval and credit line control for an enterprise based on the credit evaluation result of the enterprise; before an enterprise issues bond assets, a bond rating organization needs to evaluate the security level of bonds to be issued, and the credit evaluation result of the enterprise has important significance on the security level of the bonds to be issued.
Currently, a common enterprise credit evaluation method is that an evaluation organization sends a manual investigator to an enterprise to be evaluated to perform full-time investigation, and enterprise operation condition and financial condition data required by enterprise credit evaluation calculation are acquired. However, the execution efficiency of manual tuning is relatively low, and there is a possibility of transferring benefits between the enterprise and the investigator, which makes it difficult to ensure the accuracy of the credit evaluation result of the enterprise, thereby affecting the economic benefits of other parties in the financial activity, such as potential investors of the enterprise to be evaluated.
In view of this, in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a block chain-based enterprise credit evaluation method is provided, and a block chain-based tamper-resistant mechanism improves execution efficiency and accuracy of enterprise credit evaluation.
The block chain or block chain network described in one or more embodiments of the present specification may specifically refer to a P2P network system having a distributed data storage structure, where each node device achieves through a common recognition mechanism, the book data in the block chain is distributed within temporally consecutive "blocks", and the latter block may include a data digest of the former block, and according to a difference of a specific common recognition mechanism (such as POW, POS, DPOS, PBFT, or the like), a full backup of data of all or part of nodes is achieved.
Blockchains are generally divided into three types: public chain (Public Blockchain), Private chain (Private Blockchain) and alliance chain (Consortium Blockchain). Furthermore, there may be a combination of the above types, such as private chain + federation chain, federation chain + public chain, and so on.
Among them, the most decentralized is the public chain. The public chain is represented by bitcoin and ether house, and participants (also called nodes in the block chain) joining the public chain can read data records on the chain, participate in transactions, compete for accounting rights of new blocks, and the like. Moreover, each node can freely join or leave the network and perform related operations.
Private chains are the opposite, with the network's write rights controlled by an organization or organization and the data read rights specified by the organization. Briefly, a private chain may be a weakly centralized system with strict restrictions on nodes and a small number of nodes. This type of blockchain is more suitable for use within a particular establishment.
A federation chain is a block chain between a public chain and a private chain, and "partial decentralization" can be achieved. Each node in a federation chain typically has a physical organization or organization corresponding to it; the nodes are authorized to join the network and form a benefit-related alliance, and block chain operation is maintained together.
The computing device may construct the data into a standard transaction (transaction) format supported by the blockchain, then issue the transaction to the blockchain, perform consensus processing on the received transaction by the node devices in the blockchain, and package the transaction into a block by the node devices serving as accounting nodes in the blockchain after the consensus is achieved, and perform persistent evidence storage in the blockchain.
Regardless of which consensus algorithm is adopted by the block chain, the accounting node can pack the received transaction to generate a latest block and send the latest block to other node devices for consensus verification. If the latest block is received by other node equipment and no problem is proved, the latest block can be added to the tail of the original block chain, so that the accounting process of the block chain is completed. The transactions contained in the block may also be performed during the process of the other nodes verifying the new block sent by the accounting node.
It should be noted that, each time a latest block is generated in the blockchain, the corresponding status of the executed transactions in the blockchain changes after the transaction in the latest block is executed. For example, in a block chain constructed by an account model, the account status of an external account or a smart contract account usually changes correspondingly with the execution of a transaction.
For example, when a "transfer transaction" is completed in a block, the balances of the transferring party account and the transferring party account associated with the "transfer transaction" (i.e., the field values of the Balance fields of these accounts) are usually changed.
For another example, the "intelligent contract invocation transaction" in the block is used to invoke an intelligent contract deployed on the blockchain, invoke the intelligent contract in the EVM corresponding to the node device to execute the "intelligent contract invocation transaction", and update the account status of the intelligent contract account in the account of the intelligent contract after the execution of the intelligent contract invocation transaction.
In practical applications, whether public, private, or alliance, it is possible to provide the functionality of a Smart contract (Smart contract). An intelligent contract on a blockchain is a contract on a blockchain that can be executed triggered by a transaction. An intelligent contract may be defined in the form of code.
Taking an Etherhouse as an example, a user is supported to create and call some complex logic in the Etherhouse network. The ethernet workshop is used as a programmable block chain, and the core of the ethernet workshop is an ethernet workshop virtual machine (EVM), and each ethernet workshop node can run the EVM. The EVM is a well-behaved virtual machine through which various complex logic can be implemented. The user issuing and invoking smart contracts in the etherhouse is running on the EVM. In fact, the EVM directly runs virtual machine code (virtual machine bytecode, hereinafter referred to as "bytecode"), so the intelligent contract deployed on the blockchain may be bytecode.
After Bob sends a Transaction (Transaction) containing information to create a smart contract to the ethernet network, each node can execute the Transaction in the EVM, as shown in fig. 1. The From field of the transaction in the figure is used for recording the address of the account initiating the creation of the intelligent contract, the contract code stored in the field value of the Data field of the transaction can be byte code, and the field value of the To field of the transaction is a null account. After the nodes reach the agreement through the consensus mechanism, the intelligent contract is successfully created, and the follow-up user can call the intelligent contract.
After the intelligent contract is established, a contract account corresponding to the intelligent contract appears on the block chain, and the block chain has a specific address; for example, "0 x68e12cf284 …" in each node in fig. 1 represents the address of the contract account created; the contract Code (Code) and account store (Storage) will be maintained in the account store for that contract account. The behavior of the intelligent contract is controlled by the contract code, while the account storage of the intelligent contract preserves the state of the contract. In other words, the intelligent contract causes a virtual account to be generated on the blockchain that contains the contract code and account storage.
As mentioned above, the Data field containing the transaction that created the intelligent contract may hold the byte code of the intelligent contract. A bytecode consists of a series of bytes, each of which can identify an operation. Based on the multiple considerations of development efficiency, readability and the like, a developer can select a high-level language to write intelligent contract codes instead of directly writing byte codes. For example, the high-level language may employ a language such as Solidity, Serpent, LLL, and the like. For intelligent contract code written in a high-level language, the intelligent contract code can be compiled by a compiler to generate byte codes which can be deployed on a blockchain.
Taking the Solidity language as an example, the contract code written by it is very similar to a Class (Class) in the object-oriented programming language, and various members including state variables, functions, function modifiers, events, etc. can be declared in one contract. A state variable is a value permanently stored in an account Storage (Storage) field of an intelligent contract to save the state of the contract.
As shown in FIG. 2, still taking the Etherhouse as an example, after Bob sends a transaction containing the information of the calling intelligent contract to the Etherhouse network, each node can execute the transaction in the EVM. The From field of the transaction in the figure is used for recording the address of the account initiating the intelligent contract calling, the To field is used for recording the address of the intelligent contract called, and the Data field of the transaction is used for recording the method and the parameters for calling the intelligent contract. After invoking the smart contract, the account status of the contract account may change. Subsequently, a client may check the account status of the contract account through the accessed block link points, for example, the account status may be stored in the Storage tree of the intelligent contract in the form of a Key-Value pair. The results of the execution of the transaction that invokes the smart contract, which may be in the form of a transaction receipt (receipt), are stored in the MPT receipt tree.
The intelligent contract can be independently executed at each node in the blockchain network in a specified mode, and all execution records and data are stored on the blockchain, so that after the transaction is executed, transaction certificates which cannot be tampered and lost are stored on the blockchain.
A schematic diagram of creating an intelligent contract and invoking the intelligent contract is shown in fig. 3. An intelligent contract is created in an Ethernet workshop and needs to be subjected to the processes of compiling the intelligent contract, changing the intelligent contract into byte codes, deploying the intelligent contract to a block chain and the like. The intelligent contract is called in the Ethernet workshop, a transaction pointing to the intelligent contract address is initiated, the EVM of each node can respectively execute the transaction, and the intelligent contract code is distributed and operated in the virtual machine of each node in the Ethernet workshop network.
For accounts in a blockchain, the account status of the account is usually maintained through a structure. When a transaction in a block is executed, the status of the account associated with the transaction in the block chain is also typically changed.
Taking etherhouses as an example, the structure of an account usually includes fields such as Balance, Nonce, Code and Storage. Wherein:
a Balance field for maintaining the current account Balance of the account;
a Nonce field for maintaining a number of transactions for the account; the counter is used for guaranteeing that each transaction can be processed only once, and replay attack is effectively avoided;
a Code field for maintaining a contract Code for the account; in practical applications, only the hash value of the contract Code is typically maintained in the Code field; thus, the Code field is also commonly referred to as the Codhash field.
A Storage field for maintaining the Storage contents of the account (default field value is null); for a contract account, a separate storage space is usually allocated to store the storage content of the contract account; this separate storage space is often referred to as the account storage of the contract account. The storage content of the contract account is usually constructed into a data structure of an MPT (Merkle Patricia Trie) tree and stored in the independent storage space; in which, the Storage content based on the contract account is constructed into an MPT tree, which is also commonly referred to as a Storage tree. Whereas the Storage field typically maintains only the root node of the Storage tree; thus, the Storage field is also commonly referred to as the Storage root field.
Wherein, for the external account, the field values of the Code field and the Storage field shown above are both null values.
For most blockchain models, Merkle trees are typically used; alternatively, the data is stored and maintained based on the data structure of the Merkle tree. Taking etherhouses as an example, the etherhouses use MPT tree (a Merkle tree variation) as a data organization form for organizing and managing important data such as account status, transaction information, and the like.
The Etherhouse designs three MPT trees, namely an MPT state tree, an MPT transaction tree and an MPT receipt tree, aiming at data needing to be stored and maintained in a block chain. In addition to the three MPT trees, there is actually a Storage tree constructed based on the Storage content of the contract account.
An MPT state tree, which is an MPT tree organized by account state data of all accounts in a blockchain; an MPT transaction tree, which is an MPT tree organized by transaction (transaction) data in a blockchain; the MPT receipt tree is organized into transaction (receipt) receipts corresponding to each transaction generated after the transactions in the block are executed. The hash values of the root nodes of the MPT state tree, the MPT transaction tree, and the MPT receipt tree shown above are eventually added to the block header of the corresponding block.
The MPT transaction tree and the MPT receipt tree correspond to the blocks, namely each block has the MPT transaction tree and the MPT receipt tree. For the MPT transaction tree, the MPT receipt tree and the MPT state tree which are organized, the MPT transaction tree, the MPT receipt tree and the MPT state tree are finally stored in a Key-Value type database (such as a levelDB) which adopts a multi-level data storage structure.
Fig. 4 illustrates an enterprise credit evaluation method based on a blockchain according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a credit evaluation system connected to a node device of the blockchain.
The credit evaluation system may include one or more service devices, and the one service device or at least one of the plurality of service devices may be externally connected to the node device of the block chain. Optionally, the credit evaluation system itself or at least one service module included in the credit evaluation system may also be integrated inside the node device of the block chain, so as to be connected with the node device of the block chain in an internal connection manner.
As shown in fig. 4, the enterprise credit evaluation method includes:
step 402, the credit evaluation system acquires service behavior data and service verification data from the node equipment; the business behavior data is sent to the block chain by a target enterprise terminal to be evaluated; and the business verification data is sent to the block chain by other enterprise terminals which have business relevance with the target enterprise.
The target enterprise terminal or another enterprise terminal having business association with the target enterprise is respectively docked with at least one node device of the blockchain, and the target enterprise terminal and the another enterprise terminal may serve as a client of the blockchain or as a service system docked with the node device of the blockchain, which is not limited in this specification.
In this embodiment, the target enterprise terminal may send the business behavior data including the target enterprise to the block chain, so that the block chain performs tamper-proof evidence storage for the business behavior data. The business behavior data can include business data of purchase, sale and the like of the target enterprise. The business verification data which is sent by other enterprise terminals to the block chain and has business relevance with the target enterprise can include data for verifying the accuracy of the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise terminal.
And step 404, checking and verifying whether the service behavior data is true and valid based on the service verification data.
In an illustrated embodiment, the credit evaluation mechanism can verify the accuracy of the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise by using the business behavior data sent by other enterprise terminals on the same industry market supply chain with the target enterprise. Other enterprise terminals can be similar to the target enterprise terminal, and store the business behavior data (including business behavior data such as purchasing and selling) of the other enterprise terminals on the block chain at preset intervals; when the credit evaluation system performs credit evaluation on the target enterprise, the business behavior data (including business behavior data such as purchase order or sales order of the target enterprise) sent by the target enterprise is acquired from the node equipment connected with the credit evaluation system, the above-described credit evaluation system may further request information displayed by the node device interfacing therewith based on the purchase order or the sales order, searching the block chain for the sale order or purchase order sent to the block chain by other enterprises such as the supplier of the target enterprise or the sales client of the target enterprise, and the sales order or the purchase order stored by the supplier or the client to the blockchain is used as business verification data, thereby verifying whether the sales order of the supplier is matched with the purchase order of the target enterprise, and verifying whether the purchase order of the sales client is matched with the sales order of the target enterprise; and if the business behavior data are matched, the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise are verified to be accurate and effective.
Optionally, after acquiring the business behavior data (including the business behavior data such as the purchase order or the sales order of the target enterprise) sent by the target enterprise from the node device connected to the credit evaluation system, the credit evaluation system may further send a business behavior data verification request to a service device corresponding to the provider or the client of the target enterprise through a link-down channel, so that the service device corresponding to the provider or the client of the target enterprise verifies the business behavior data such as the purchase order or the sales order certified on the block chain at the target enterprise terminal, and after verifying the business behavior data, send a confirmation data for providing the purchase order or the sales order to the target enterprise to serve as the business verification data, for example, a digital signature for the purchase order or the sales order.
The credit evaluation mechanism can check and verify whether the service behavior data is true and valid based on the service verification data; for example, the procurement data and the sales data sent by the target enterprise are verified through procurement data and sales data sent by upstream and downstream enterprise terminals associated with the target enterprise on the supply chain, or the digital signature sent by the upstream and downstream enterprise terminals associated with the target enterprise on the block chain is verified, and after the signature verification is passed, the signed confirmation result of the digital signature is obtained, and the like.
In yet another illustrative embodiment, a business is assessed for credit, typically based on a combination of business and financial status. Therefore, in addition to acquiring the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise terminal to the blockchain, the credit evaluation system may also acquire financial status data of the target enterprise from the blockchain, where the financial status data may include data that can reflect the human cost, income structure, profitability, and debt scale of the target enterprise, such as financial statements, financial audit reports, and loan data of the target enterprise.
When the financial status data can be sent to the blockchain by the target enterprise terminal, other enterprise or institution terminals (such as an auditing institution terminal and a financial institution terminal) that can register or confirm the financial status of the target enterprise can also send the financial status data to the blockchain. The financial state data can comprise financial statements, financial audit reports or loan data and the like, and can also comprise confirmation information of the financial statements, the financial audit reports or the loan data and the like of the financial related side institution end of the target enterprise.
For example, the financial status data may include a financial audit report of the target enterprise, and a data signature made by the auditing agency on the body content of the financial audit report; the financial status data may also include loan data representing the debt condition of the target enterprise, and a digital signature of the loan data by a financial institution or other enterprise having a loan relationship with the target enterprise, and so on.
The credit evaluation organization can confirm the authenticity of the financial state data after the digital signature passes verification; since the financial status data is generally time-efficient, the credit evaluation mechanism may also confirm the validity of the financial status data; and in the credit evaluation calculation of the target enterprise, the credit evaluation calculation of the target enterprise is executed based on the verified business behavior data and the verified real and effective financial state data sent by the target enterprise.
In another illustrated embodiment, the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise end may include business behavior data generated by a plurality of businesses operated by the target enterprise end, and when performing credit evaluation on the target enterprise, credit evaluation may be performed only on a certain business operated by the target enterprise, at this time, the credit evaluation system may set a filtering logic of the business behavior data generated on the certain business, and filter the business behavior data generated by the target enterprise end and acquired from the node device connected to the filtering logic, so that after performing the verification process described in step 404, accurate and reliable business behavior data is acquired.
It should be noted that, in one or more embodiments, the verified business behavior data and the verified truly effective financial status data may be issued to the blockchain by the credit evaluation entity, or the verified business behavior data and the verified truly effective financial status data may be edited by the credit evaluation entity based on the verified business behavior data and the verified truly effective financial status data and then issued to the blockchain, and the verified business behavior data and the verified financial status data issued by the credit rating entity may be regarded as a "data asset" held by the target enterprise based on the higher credibility of the rating entity, which is valuable for the external world to know the business and financial status of the target enterprise.
In the credit evaluation calculation, besides the business behavior data and the financial behavior data disclosed on the blockchain, the target enterprise may be required to provide some business behavior data and financial status data with privacy property as data supplement or update, and at this time, the organization where the credit rating system is located may send an investigator to the target enterprise, and the investigator may manually perform scheduling to obtain the business behavior data and the financial status data with privacy property.
Because most data required by credit evaluation calculation can be acquired from a block chain, and only a small amount of data needs to be acquired by manual scheduling, compared with the existing method of acquiring credit evaluation data by totally relying on manual scheduling, the method has the advantages that the execution efficiency of credit evaluation is obviously improved; moreover, the data obtained through manual scheduling usually has an associated verification relationship with the business behavior data and the financial state data disclosed on the block chain by the target enterprise, so that the accuracy and the effectiveness of the data obtained through manual scheduling can be verified to a certain extent through the business behavior data and the financial state data disclosed on the block chain by the target enterprise, and gray transaction behaviors such as benefit delivery and the like are prevented, so that the accuracy of credit evaluation is improved compared with the existing credit evaluation method.
And 406, if yes, performing credit evaluation calculation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the block chain for evidence storage.
For example, the credit evaluation system may set a credit evaluation model, perform multi-index evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial status data, and further perform weighted calculation on a credit evaluation result of the target enterprise based on a result of the multi-index evaluation. The credit evaluation result may be embodied in the form of credit score, credit rating, etc.
Optionally, the credit evaluation mechanism may edit a computation logic corresponding to the credit evaluation model into an intelligent contract code, and deploy the intelligent contract in the node device of the blockchain after the intelligent contract code is commonly recognized by the node device of the blockchain. Since the intelligent contract code is commonly recognized by the node devices of the blockchain, and the computing logic stated by the intelligent contract code for performing credit evaluation on the enterprise based on the credit evaluation model is also commonly recognized and verified by the node devices of the blockchain, compared with the credit evaluation computing on the target enterprise performed in the credit evaluation system, the credit evaluation computing on the target enterprise is performed by using the intelligent contract, and the disclosure and fairness of the credit evaluation computing method are further improved.
The credit evaluation system can construct a calling transaction of the intelligent contract based on the business behavior data and the financial state data, send the intelligent contract calling transaction to the node equipment so that the node equipment calls the intelligent contract, execute the calculation logic of the intelligent contract statement, execute credit evaluation of the target enterprise based on the business behavior data, and send the calculated credit evaluation result of the target enterprise to the block chain for evidence storage.
It should be noted that, after receiving the intelligent contract invocation transaction, the node device may forward the intelligent contract invocation transaction to other node devices of the blockchain, so that the intelligent contract invocation transaction is broadcasted, verified, and identified on the blockchain, so that an execution result of the intelligent contract invocation transaction, that is, a credit evaluation result of the target enterprise, is included in the blockchain after the intelligent contract invocation and execution are completed.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, since the business behavior data and the financial status data may include business behavior data or financial status data with privacy property obtained by the credit evaluation mechanism based on manual recall, the node device may invoke a transaction (as a Local Call) based on the intelligent contract, and locally invoke and execute the intelligent contract, where the intelligent contract invokes an execution result of the transaction — a credit evaluation result for the target enterprise, to be sent to the blockchain by the credit evaluation system or a node device interfacing with the credit evaluation system for evidence saving.
The credit evaluation organization of one or more of the above embodiments may evaluate, in addition to credit evaluation for a business, the risk level of a security issued by the business. In evaluating the risk level of a security issued by a target enterprise, the credit of the target enterprise is evaluated based on the steps 402 to 406, and the risk level evaluation of the security issued by the enterprise is performed based on the result of the credit evaluation of the target enterprise. The present embodiment does not specifically limit the process of calculating the rank of the risk level evaluation of the securities.
In correspondence with the above flow implementation, the embodiment of the present specification further provides a block chain-based credit evaluation device 50. The apparatus 50 may be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by a combination of hardware and software. Taking a software implementation as an example, the logical device is formed by reading a corresponding computer program instruction into a memory for running through a Central Processing Unit (CPU) of the device. In terms of hardware, the device in which the apparatus is located generally includes other hardware such as a chip for transmitting and receiving wireless signals and/or other hardware such as a board for implementing a network communication function, in addition to the CPU, the memory, and the storage shown in fig. 6.
As shown in fig. 5, the present specification provides a block chain-based enterprise credit evaluation apparatus 50 applied to a credit evaluation system, where the credit evaluation system interfaces with node devices of the block chain; the apparatus 50 comprises:
an obtaining unit 502, configured to obtain service behavior data and service verification data from the node device; the business behavior data is sent to the block chain by a target enterprise terminal to be evaluated; the business verification data is sent to the block chain by other enterprise terminals which have business relevance with the target enterprise;
a verification unit 504, configured to verify whether the service behavior data is true or valid based on the service verification data;
a calculation unit 506 that performs a credit evaluation calculation for the target enterprise based on the business behavior data,
and the evidence storing unit 508 is configured to send the calculated credit evaluation result of the target enterprise to the block chain for evidence storage.
In a further illustrated embodiment, the business verification data includes business behavior data associated with the business of the target enterprise, which is sent by other enterprise terminals in the same supply chain as the target enterprise;
the verification unit 504 is further configured to:
and verifying whether the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise is matched with the business behavior data which is sent by other enterprise terminals and has business relevance with the target enterprise.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, the obtaining unit 502 is further configured to: obtaining financial status data of the target enterprise from the node device;
the calculating unit 506 is further configured to: performing a credit rating calculation for the target business based on the business behavior data and the financial status data after the financial status data is validated.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, the obtaining unit 502 is further configured to: acquiring business behavior data or financial state data with privacy, which is obtained based on manual investigation on the target enterprise;
the calculating unit 506 is further configured to: and performing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data stored on the blockchain and the private business behavior data and the private financial state data obtained by manual investigation.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, the calculating unit 506 is further configured to:
performing multi-index evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data by using a preset credit evaluation model;
and calculating a credit evaluation result of the target enterprise based on the result of the multi-index evaluation.
In a further illustrated embodiment, the blockchain is deployed with intelligent contracts for credit rating management of enterprises, and the execution logic corresponding to contract codes of the intelligent contracts comprises computing logic for credit rating of enterprises;
the calculating unit 506 and the evidence storing unit 508 are further configured to:
constructing a smart contract invocation transaction based on the business behavior data and the financial status data,
sending the intelligent contract invocation transaction to the node device to enable the node device to invoke the intelligent contract, executing the computational logic of the intelligent contract statement, executing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the blockchain for evidence storage.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, the calculating unit 506 is further configured to:
and performing risk level evaluation on the securities issued by the target enterprise based on the credit evaluation result.
The detailed implementation process of the functions and actions of each unit in the device 50 is described in detail in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the block chain-based credit evaluation method executed by the credit evaluation mechanism, and relevant points may be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network modules. Some or all of the units or modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in the specification. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The apparatuses, units and modules described in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer, which may take the form of a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular telephone, camera phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email messaging device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
Corresponding to the above method embodiments, embodiments of the present specification also provide a computer device, as shown in fig. 6, including a memory and a processor. Wherein the memory has stored thereon a computer program executable by the processor; the processor, when executing the stored computer program, performs the steps of the blockchain-based credit evaluation method performed by the credit evaluation mechanism in the embodiments of the present specification. For a detailed description of each step of the block chain-based credit evaluation method performed by the credit evaluation mechanism, please refer to the previous contents, which are not repeated.
In correspondence with the above method embodiments, embodiments of the present specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer programs, which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of the block chain based credit evaluation method performed by the credit evaluation mechanism in the embodiments of the present specification. For a detailed description of each step of the block chain-based credit evaluation method performed by the credit evaluation mechanism, please refer to the previous contents, which are not repeated.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and is not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data.
Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present description may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present description may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Claims (16)
1. An enterprise credit evaluation method based on a block chain is applied to a credit evaluation system, and the credit evaluation system is in butt joint with node equipment of the block chain; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring service behavior data and service verification data from the node equipment; the business behavior data is sent to the block chain by a target enterprise terminal of the credit to be evaluated; the business verification data is sent to the block chain by other enterprise terminals which have business relevance with the target enterprise;
verifying whether the service behavior data is real and effective or not based on the service verification data;
and if so, performing credit evaluation calculation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the block chain for evidence storage.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the business verification data comprises business behavior data associated with the target enterprise and sent by other enterprise terminals in the same supply chain as the target enterprise;
the verifying whether the service behavior data is true and valid based on the service verification data includes:
and verifying whether the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise is matched with the business behavior data which is sent by other enterprise terminals and has business relevance with the target enterprise.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: obtaining financial status data of the target enterprise from the node device;
the performing credit evaluation calculations for the target enterprise based on the business behavior data includes:
performing a credit rating calculation for the target business based on the business behavior data and the financial status data after the financial status data is validated.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: acquiring business behavior data or financial state data with privacy, which is obtained based on manual investigation on the target enterprise;
performing a credit evaluation calculation for the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial status data, comprising:
and performing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data stored on the blockchain and the private business behavior data and the private financial state data obtained by manual investigation.
5. The method of claim 3, performing a credit rating calculation for the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial status data, comprising:
performing multi-index evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data by using a preset credit evaluation model;
and calculating a credit evaluation result of the target enterprise based on the result of the multi-index evaluation.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the blockchain is deployed with intelligent contracts for credit rating management of enterprises, and the execution logic corresponding to contract codes of the intelligent contracts comprises computing logic for credit rating of enterprises;
the performing credit evaluation calculation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial status data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the blockchain for evidence storage includes:
constructing a smart contract invocation transaction based on the business behavior data and the financial status data,
sending the intelligent contract invocation transaction to the node device to enable the node device to invoke the intelligent contract, executing the computational logic of the intelligent contract statement, executing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the blockchain for evidence storage.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and performing risk level evaluation on the securities issued by the target enterprise based on the credit evaluation result.
8. An enterprise credit evaluation device based on a block chain is applied to a credit evaluation system, and the credit evaluation system is in butt joint with node equipment of the block chain; the device comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring service behavior data and service verification data from the node equipment; the business behavior data is sent to the block chain by a target enterprise terminal to be evaluated; the business verification data is sent to the block chain by other enterprise terminals which have business relevance with the target enterprise;
the verification unit is used for verifying whether the business behavior data is real and effective or not based on the business verification data;
a computing unit to perform a credit evaluation calculation for the target enterprise based on the business behavior data,
and the evidence storing unit is used for sending the calculated credit evaluation result of the target enterprise to the block chain for storing the evidence.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the business verification data comprises business behavior data associated with the target enterprise and sent by other enterprise terminals in the same supply chain as the target enterprise;
the verification unit is further configured to:
and verifying whether the business behavior data sent by the target enterprise is matched with the business behavior data which is sent by other enterprise terminals and has business relevance with the target enterprise.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, the obtaining unit further configured to: obtaining financial status data of the target enterprise from the node device;
the computing unit is further configured to: performing a credit rating calculation for the target business based on the business behavior data and the financial status data after the financial status data is validated.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, the obtaining unit further configured to: acquiring business behavior data or financial state data with privacy, which is obtained based on manual investigation on the target enterprise;
the computing unit is further configured to: and performing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data stored on the blockchain and the private business behavior data and the private financial state data obtained by manual investigation.
12. The apparatus of claim 10, the computing unit to further:
performing multi-index evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data by using a preset credit evaluation model;
and calculating a credit evaluation result of the target enterprise based on the result of the multi-index evaluation.
13. The apparatus of claim 10, the blockchain deployed with intelligent contracts for credit rating management of enterprises, the contract code corresponding execution logic of the intelligent contracts comprising computing logic for credit rating of enterprises;
the computing unit and the evidence storing unit are further configured to:
constructing a smart contract invocation transaction based on the business behavior data and the financial status data,
sending the intelligent contract invocation transaction to the node device to enable the node device to invoke the intelligent contract, executing the computational logic of the intelligent contract statement, executing credit evaluation on the target enterprise based on the business behavior data and the financial state data, and sending the calculated credit evaluation result on the target enterprise to the blockchain for evidence storage.
14. The apparatus of claim 8, the computing unit to further:
and performing risk level evaluation on the securities issued by the target enterprise based on the credit evaluation result.
15. A computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory having stored thereon a computer program executable by the processor; the processor, when executing the computer program, performs the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
16. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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