CN111724240A - A system and method for enterprise credit assessment based on blockchain and tax data - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估系统及方法，涉及区块链应用技术领域；对企业数据进行预处理，分类税务数据及其它相关数据，对分类后的税务数据及其它相关数据进行标准化处理，生成度量企业信用的不同指标，利用公有云通过PCA提取方法获取对企业信用影响较大的指标，通过贝叶斯分类算法对企业信用进行计算评估，利用公有云部署区块链集群，设置企业数据服务节点，对企业数据及企业信用评估结果进行上链操作，通过区块链共识机制实现对企业信用评估共享。
The invention discloses an enterprise credit evaluation system and method based on blockchain and tax data, and relates to the field of blockchain application technology; preprocessing enterprise data, classifying tax data and other related data, and classifying tax data and Standardize other relevant data to generate different indicators for measuring enterprise credit, use public cloud to obtain indicators that have a greater impact on enterprise credit through PCA extraction method, calculate and evaluate enterprise credit through Bayesian classification algorithm, and use public cloud deployment area. The blockchain cluster sets up enterprise data service nodes, uploads enterprise data and enterprise credit evaluation results, and realizes the sharing of enterprise credit evaluation through the blockchain consensus mechanism.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明公开一种企业信用评估系统及方法，涉及区块链应用技术领域，具体地说是一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估系统及方法。The invention discloses an enterprise credit evaluation system and method, which relates to the field of blockchain application technology, in particular to an enterprise credit evaluation system and method based on the blockchain and tax data.
背景技术Background technique
纳税，即税收中的纳税人的执行过程，就是根据国家各种税法的规定，按照一定的比率，把集体或个人收入的一部分缴纳给国家。Taxation, that is, the implementation process of taxpayers in taxation, is to pay a part of collective or individual income to the state according to the provisions of various tax laws of the state and according to a certain ratio.
而企业纳税信用体系建设随着纳税信用社会影响力的不断增强，在纳税信用管理上还存在一些问题，比如说纳税信用管理覆盖面还较窄，评价更新周期还较长，是评价指标较简单，缺少信用修复机制，信用联动还需加强等等。With the continuous enhancement of the social influence of tax credit in the construction of the corporate tax credit system, there are still some problems in the management of tax credit. There is a lack of credit repair mechanism, and credit linkage needs to be strengthened.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明针对现有技术的问题，提供一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估系统及方法，利用大数据对当前企业信用状态进行评估，利用区块链技术实现税务数据上链，防止税务数据被篡改和伪造，可以对税务数据进行真伪查验以及数据追源，具有很高的公信力。In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an enterprise credit evaluation system and method based on blockchain and tax data, which utilizes big data to evaluate the current enterprise credit status, utilizes blockchain technology to realize the uploading of tax data to the chain, and prevents Tax data has been tampered with and forged, and the authenticity of tax data can be checked and the data source can be traced, which has high credibility.
本发明提出的具体方案是：The concrete scheme proposed by the present invention is:
一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估方法：利用私有云采集企业数据，An enterprise credit assessment method based on blockchain and tax data: using private cloud to collect enterprise data,
对企业数据进行预处理，分类税务数据及其它相关数据，Preprocessing enterprise data, classifying tax data and other related data,
对分类后的税务数据及其它相关数据进行标准化处理，生成度量企业信用的不同指标，Standardize the classified tax data and other related data to generate different indicators for measuring corporate credit,
利用公有云通过PCA提取方法获取对企业信用影响较大的指标，通过贝叶斯分类算法对企业信用进行计算评估，Use the public cloud to obtain the indicators that have a greater impact on the corporate credit through the PCA extraction method, and use the Bayesian classification algorithm to calculate and evaluate the corporate credit.
利用公有云部署区块链集群，设置企业数据服务节点，对企业数据及企业信用评估结果进行上链操作，通过区块链共识机制实现对企业信用评估共享。Use the public cloud to deploy blockchain clusters, set up enterprise data service nodes, upload enterprise data and enterprise credit evaluation results, and realize the sharing of enterprise credit evaluations through the blockchain consensus mechanism.
所述的企业信用评估方法中针对不同私有云建立不同通道，与公有云通过MQ通信方式进行数据的交互。In the enterprise credit evaluation method, different channels are established for different private clouds, and data is exchanged with the public cloud through MQ communication.
所述的企业信用评估方法中上述交互过程为:In the described enterprise credit evaluation method, the above-mentioned interaction process is:
利用私有云获取企业数据，对企业数据进行预处理及分类，获得税务数据及其它相关数据，对税务数据及其它相关数据进行标准化处理，生成度量企业信用的不同指标，Use private cloud to obtain enterprise data, preprocess and classify enterprise data, obtain tax data and other related data, standardize tax data and other related data, and generate different indicators for measuring enterprise credit,
利用私有云通过MQ通信方式将企业数据及企业信用的不同指标发送至公有云，Use the private cloud to send enterprise data and different indicators of enterprise credit to the public cloud through MQ communication,
利用公有云进行企业信用计算评估，通过区块链共识机制实现对企业信用评估共享。The public cloud is used for enterprise credit calculation and evaluation, and the enterprise credit evaluation and sharing are realized through the blockchain consensus mechanism.
一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估系统，包括信用信息采集模块，信用评分模块及区块链集群模块，An enterprise credit evaluation system based on blockchain and tax data, including a credit information collection module, a credit scoring module and a blockchain cluster module,
信用信息采集模块利用私有云采集企业数据，The credit information collection module uses the private cloud to collect enterprise data,
对企业数据进行预处理，分类税务数据及其它相关数据，Preprocessing enterprise data, classifying tax data and other related data,
对分类后的税务数据及其它相关数据进行标准化处理，生成度量企业信用的不同指标，Standardize the classified tax data and other related data to generate different indicators for measuring corporate credit,
信用评分模块利用公有云通过PCA提取方法获取对企业信用影响较大的指标，通过贝叶斯分类算法对企业信用进行计算评估，The credit scoring module uses the public cloud to obtain the indicators that have a greater impact on the corporate credit through the PCA extraction method, and calculates and evaluates the corporate credit through the Bayesian classification algorithm.
区块链集群模块利用公有云部署区块链集群，设置企业数据服务节点，对企业数据及企业信用评估结果进行上链操作，通过区块链共识机制实现对企业信用评估共享。The blockchain cluster module uses the public cloud to deploy the blockchain cluster, set up enterprise data service nodes, upload enterprise data and enterprise credit evaluation results, and realize the sharing of enterprise credit evaluation through the blockchain consensus mechanism.
所述的的企业信用评估系统中信用信息采集模块建立不同通道使不同私有云，与公有云通过MQ通信方式进行数据的交互。The credit information collection module in the enterprise credit evaluation system establishes different channels to enable different private clouds to exchange data with the public cloud through MQ communication.
所述的的企业信用评估系统中建立Web端，实现统一访问接入，并通过可视化输出企业信用评估结果。A Web terminal is established in the enterprise credit evaluation system to realize unified access and access, and output the enterprise credit evaluation result through visualization.
一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估装置，包括至少一个存储器和至少一个处理器；An enterprise credit assessment device based on blockchain and tax data, comprising at least one memory and at least one processor;
所述至少一个存储器，用于存储机器可读程序；the at least one memory for storing a machine-readable program;
所述至少一个处理器，用于调用所述机器可读程序，执行所述的一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估方法。The at least one processor is configured to invoke the machine-readable program to execute the method for evaluating enterprise credit based on blockchain and tax data.
计算机可读介质，所述计算机可读介质上存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令在被处理器执行时，使所述处理器执行所述的一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估方法。A computer-readable medium, on which computer instructions are stored, the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to execute the aforementioned enterprise credit assessment based on blockchain and tax data method.
本发明的有益之处是：The benefits of the present invention are:
本发明提供一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估系统及方法，利用私有云获取企业、个人的申报、发票等数据，对数据进行数据整理和加工，生成一系列信用指标，并利用公有云进行指标的再提取及计算分析，获得信用评估结果通过区块链集群实现数据上链，不仅能够对企业做出精准的信用评价，降低金融服务的成本；而且管理覆盖面广泛，信用评估的更新周期短，可利用企业服务节点随时进行信用修复，信用联动更强。克服了数据从加工、处理、传输过程中的泄露风险，更好的保护企业隐私，为企业服务价。The present invention provides an enterprise credit evaluation system and method based on blockchain and tax data. The private cloud is used to obtain data such as declarations and invoices of enterprises and individuals, and the data is sorted and processed to generate a series of credit indicators. The public cloud performs index re-extraction and calculation analysis, and obtains the credit evaluation results. The data is uploaded to the chain through the blockchain cluster, which can not only make accurate credit evaluations for enterprises and reduce the cost of financial services; but also has extensive management coverage and credit evaluation. The update cycle is short, and the enterprise service node can be used for credit repair at any time, and the credit linkage is stronger. It overcomes the risk of data leakage in the process of processing, processing and transmission, better protects the privacy of enterprises, and provides services for enterprises.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明方法流程示意图。Fig. 1 is the schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本申请可能涉及的一些概念，比如区块链：从本质上讲，是一个共享数据库，存储于其中的数据或信息，具有“不可伪造”、“全程留痕”、“可以追溯”、“公开透明”、“集体维护”等特征。Some concepts that may be involved in this application, such as blockchain: Essentially, it is a shared database, and the data or information stored in it has the characteristics of "unforgeable", "full trace", "traceable", "public" Transparency”, “collective maintenance” and other characteristics.
贝叶斯网络：是一类图形模型，使用概率理论来处理在描述不同知识成份的条件相关而产生的不确定性。Bayesian Networks: A class of graphical models that use probability theory to deal with uncertainty arising from conditional correlations that describe different components of knowledge.
分类：利用已分类的且已知的数据集构建分类模型，并利用获得的分类模型给出未分类的数据所属的类别。Classification: Use the classified and known dataset to build a classification model, and use the obtained classification model to give the category to which the unclassified data belongs.
PCA：主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis)，作为一种有效的多元统计方法，常用于特征提取，它使用少量的主成分来代替原始较多的特征信息，极大减少了后续分类的计算量。PCA: Principal Component Analysis (Principal Component Analysis), as an effective multivariate statistical method, is often used in feature extraction. It uses a small amount of principal components to replace more original feature information, which greatly reduces the amount of calculation for subsequent classification.
指标：评价纳税人信用的最小单位。Indicator: The smallest unit for evaluating the creditworthiness of taxpayers.
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.
本发明提供一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估方法：The present invention provides an enterprise credit evaluation method based on blockchain and tax data:
利用私有云采集企业数据，Use private cloud to collect enterprise data,
对企业数据进行预处理，分类税务数据及其它相关数据，Preprocessing enterprise data, classifying tax data and other related data,
对分类后的税务数据及其它相关数据进行标准化处理，生成度量企业信用的不同指标，Standardize the classified tax data and other related data to generate different indicators for measuring corporate credit,
利用公有云通过PCA提取方法获取对企业信用影响较大的指标，获取对纳税人影响较大的指标，减少运算量，通过贝叶斯分类算法对企业信用进行计算评估，Use the public cloud to obtain the indicators that have a greater impact on corporate credit through the PCA extraction method, obtain indicators that have a greater impact on taxpayers, reduce the amount of computation, and use the Bayesian classification algorithm to calculate and evaluate corporate credit.
利用公有云部署区块链集群，设置企业数据服务节点，对企业数据及企业信用评估结果进行上链操作，通过区块链共识机制实现对企业信用评估共享。Use the public cloud to deploy blockchain clusters, set up enterprise data service nodes, upload enterprise data and enterprise credit evaluation results, and realize the sharing of enterprise credit evaluations through the blockchain consensus mechanism.
在上述过程中，区块链集群用于保存企业信用评估信息，包括企业的唯一身份ID、企业签名以及加密的企业信用信息，区块链集群还用于提供区块链服务，在区块链集群中还设置有若干企业数据服务节点，各节点操作人员可以通过企业数据服务节点，完成对企业数据的创建和修改，其他节点通过区块链集群同步得到相关记录；区块链集群还用于共识机制的执行，通过区块链共识机制，完成对某些操作的认证。In the above process, the blockchain cluster is used to store the enterprise credit evaluation information, including the enterprise's unique ID, enterprise signature and encrypted enterprise credit information. The blockchain cluster is also used to provide blockchain services. There are also several enterprise data service nodes in the cluster. Operators of each node can complete the creation and modification of enterprise data through the enterprise data service node. Other nodes can obtain relevant records through the synchronization of the blockchain cluster; the blockchain cluster is also used for The execution of the consensus mechanism completes the authentication of certain operations through the blockchain consensus mechanism.
在本发明方法另一个实施例中，说明了针对不同私有云建立不同通道，与公有云通过MQ通信方式进行数据的交互，交互过程为：In another embodiment of the method of the present invention, it is described that different channels are established for different private clouds, and data is exchanged with the public cloud through MQ communication. The interaction process is as follows:
利用私有云获取企业数据，对企业数据进行预处理及分类，获得税务数据及其它相关数据，对税务数据及其它相关数据进行标准化处理，生成度量企业信用的不同指标，Use private cloud to obtain enterprise data, preprocess and classify enterprise data, obtain tax data and other related data, standardize tax data and other related data, and generate different indicators for measuring enterprise credit,
利用私有云通过MQ通信方式将企业数据及企业信用的不同指标发送至公有云，Use the private cloud to send enterprise data and different indicators of enterprise credit to the public cloud through MQ communication,
利用公有云进行企业信用计算评估，通过区块链共识机制实现对企业信用评估共享，并且区块链集群部署在公有云，可对外提供CA证书管理、企业信用评估报告预览、报告下载以及链码和通道管理等功能。Use the public cloud for enterprise credit calculation and evaluation, realize the sharing of enterprise credit evaluation through the blockchain consensus mechanism, and deploy the blockchain cluster in the public cloud, which can provide external CA certificate management, enterprise credit evaluation report preview, report download and chain code and channel management.
上述实施例内外网采用MQ方式通信，保证内外网隔离，克服了数据从加工、处理、传输过程中的泄露风险，更好的保护企业隐私，为企业服务。In the above embodiment, the internal and external networks communicate in the MQ mode, which ensures the isolation of the internal and external networks, overcomes the risk of data leakage during processing, processing, and transmission, better protects enterprise privacy, and serves enterprises.
此外，本发明方法的另一实施例中，提示可利用建立Web端统一访问网站、实现对统一访问接入，提供oAtho2.0用户统一授权界面，获取企业授权数据权限，并通过Echarts图可视化输出信用分析结果。In addition, in another embodiment of the method of the present invention, the prompt can be used to establish a unified access website on the Web terminal, realize the unified access access, provide a unified authorization interface for oAtho2.0 users, obtain enterprise authorization data rights, and visualize output through Echarts graph Credit analysis results.
同时本发明还提供一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估系统，包括信用信息采集模块，信用评分模块及区块链集群模块，At the same time, the present invention also provides an enterprise credit evaluation system based on blockchain and tax data, including a credit information collection module, a credit scoring module and a blockchain cluster module.
信用信息采集模块利用私有云采集企业数据，The credit information collection module uses the private cloud to collect enterprise data,
对企业数据进行预处理，分类税务数据及其它相关数据，Preprocessing enterprise data, classifying tax data and other related data,
对分类后的税务数据及其它相关数据进行标准化处理，生成度量企业信用的不同指标，Standardize the classified tax data and other related data to generate different indicators for measuring corporate credit,
信用评分模块利用公有云通过PCA提取方法获取对企业信用影响较大的指标，通过贝叶斯分类算法对企业信用进行计算评估，The credit scoring module uses the public cloud to obtain the indicators that have a greater impact on the corporate credit through the PCA extraction method, and calculates and evaluates the corporate credit through the Bayesian classification algorithm.
区块链集群模块利用公有云部署区块链集群，设置企业数据服务节点，对企业数据及企业信用评估结果进行上链操作，通过区块链共识机制实现对企业信用评估共享。The blockchain cluster module uses the public cloud to deploy the blockchain cluster, set up enterprise data service nodes, upload enterprise data and enterprise credit evaluation results, and realize the sharing of enterprise credit evaluation through the blockchain consensus mechanism.
本发明系统的一个实施例中，区块链集群模块使区块链集群用于保存企业信用评估信息，包括企业的唯一身份ID、企业签名以及加密的企业信用信息，区块链集群还用于提供区块链服务，在区块链集群中还设置有若干企业数据服务节点，各节点操作人员可以通过企业数据服务节点，完成对企业数据的创建和修改，其他节点通过区块链集群同步得到相关记录；区块链集群还用于共识机制的执行，通过区块链共识机制，完成对某些操作的认证。In an embodiment of the system of the present invention, the blockchain cluster module enables the blockchain cluster to store the enterprise credit evaluation information, including the unique ID of the enterprise, the enterprise signature and the encrypted enterprise credit information, and the blockchain cluster is also used for Provide blockchain services. There are also several enterprise data service nodes in the blockchain cluster. Operators of each node can complete the creation and modification of enterprise data through the enterprise data service node, and other nodes are synchronized through the blockchain cluster. Relevant records; the blockchain cluster is also used for the execution of the consensus mechanism, and the authentication of certain operations is completed through the blockchain consensus mechanism.
在本发明系统的另一个实施例中，说明了针对不同私有云信用信息采集模块建立不同通道，与公有云通过MQ通信方式进行数据的交互，交互过程为：In another embodiment of the system of the present invention, it is described that different channels are established for different private cloud credit information collection modules, and data is exchanged with the public cloud through MQ communication. The interaction process is:
信用信息采集模块利用私有云获取企业数据，对企业数据进行预处理及分类，获得税务数据及其它相关数据，对税务数据及其它相关数据进行标准化处理，生成度量企业信用的不同指标，The credit information collection module uses the private cloud to obtain enterprise data, preprocesses and classifies the enterprise data, obtains tax data and other related data, standardizes the tax data and other related data, and generates different indicators for measuring enterprise credit.
利用私有云通过MQ通信方式将企业数据及企业信用的不同指标发送至公有云，Use the private cloud to send enterprise data and different indicators of enterprise credit to the public cloud through MQ communication,
信用评分模块利用公有云进行企业信用计算评估，通过区块链共识机制实现对企业信用评估共享，并且区块链集群模块通过部署在公有云的区块链集群，可对外提供CA证书管理、企业信用评估报告预览、报告下载以及链码和通道管理等功能。The credit scoring module uses the public cloud for enterprise credit calculation and evaluation, and realizes the sharing of enterprise credit evaluation through the blockchain consensus mechanism, and the blockchain cluster module can provide CA certificate management, enterprise Features such as credit assessment report preview, report download, and chaincode and channel management.
上述实施例内外网采用MQ方式通信，保证内外网隔离，克服了数据从加工、处理、传输过程中的泄露风险，更好的保护企业隐私，为企业服务。In the above embodiment, the internal and external networks communicate in the MQ mode, which ensures the isolation of the internal and external networks, overcomes the risk of data leakage during processing, processing, and transmission, better protects enterprise privacy, and serves enterprises.
此外，本发明系统的另一实施例中，提示可利用建立Web端统一访问网站、实现对统一访问接入，提供oAtho2.0用户统一授权界面，获取企业授权数据权限，并通过Echarts图可视化输出信用分析结果。In addition, in another embodiment of the system of the present invention, the prompt can be used to establish a unified access website on the Web terminal, realize the unified access access, provide a unified authorization interface for oAtho2.0 users, obtain enterprise authorization data rights, and visualize the output through Echarts diagram. Credit analysis results.
本发明还提供一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估装置，包括至少一个存储器和至少一个处理器；The present invention also provides an enterprise credit assessment device based on blockchain and tax data, comprising at least one memory and at least one processor;
所述至少一个存储器，用于存储机器可读程序；the at least one memory for storing a machine-readable program;
所述至少一个处理器，用于调用所述机器可读程序，执行所述的一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估方法。The at least one processor is configured to invoke the machine-readable program to execute the method for evaluating enterprise credit based on blockchain and tax data.
计算机可读介质，所述计算机可读介质上存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令在被处理器执行时，使所述处理器执行所述的一种基于区块链及税务数据的企业信用评估方法。A computer-readable medium, on which computer instructions are stored, the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to execute the aforementioned enterprise credit assessment based on blockchain and tax data method.
具体地，可以提供配有存储介质的系统或者装置，在该存储介质上存储着实现上述实施例中任一实施例的功能的软件程序代码，且使该系统或者装置的计算机(或CPU或MPU)读出并执行存储在存储介质中的程序代码。Specifically, it is possible to provide a system or device equipped with a storage medium on which software program codes for implementing the functions of any of the above-described embodiments are stored, and which enables a computer (or CPU or MPU of the system or device) ) to read and execute the program code stored in the storage medium.
在这种情况下，从存储介质读取的程序代码本身可实现上述实施例中任何一项实施例的功能，因此程序代码和存储程序代码的存储介质构成了本发明的一部分。In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium can implement the functions of any of the above-described embodiments, and thus the program code and the storage medium storing the program code form part of the present invention.
用于提供程序代码的存储介质实施例包括软盘、硬盘、磁光盘、光盘(如CD-ROM、CD-R、CD-RW、DVD-ROM、DVD-RAM、DVD-RW、DVD+RW)、磁带、非易失性存储卡和ROM。可选择地，可以由通信网络从服务器计算机上下载程序代码。Examples of storage media for providing program code include floppy disks, hard disks, magneto-optical disks, optical disks (eg CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD+RW), Magnetic tapes, non-volatile memory cards and ROMs. Alternatively, the program code may be downloaded from a server computer over a communications network.
此外，应该清楚的是，不仅可以通过执行计算机所读出的程序代码，而且可以通过基于程序代码的指令使计算机上操作的操作系统等来完成部分或者全部的实际操作，从而实现上述实施例中任意一项实施例的功能。In addition, it should be clear that part or all of the actual operations can be implemented not only by executing the program code read out by the computer, but also by the operating system or the like operating on the computer based on the instructions of the program code, so as to realize the above-mentioned embodiments. Function of any one of the embodiments.
此外，可以理解的是，将由存储介质读出的程序代码写到插入计算机内的扩展板中所设置的存储器中或者写到与计算机相连接的扩展单元中设置的存储器中，随后基于程序代码的指令使安装在扩展板或者扩展单元上的CPU等来执行部分和全部实际操作，从而实现上述实施例中任一实施例的功能。In addition, it can be understood that the program code read from the storage medium is written into the memory provided in the expansion board inserted into the computer or into the memory provided in the expansion unit connected to the computer, and then based on the program code The instructions cause the CPU or the like installed on the expansion board or the expansion unit to perform part and all of the actual operations, thereby realizing the functions of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
需要说明的是，上述各流程和各系统结构中不是所有的步骤和模块都是必须的，可以根据实际的需要忽略某些步骤或模块。各步骤的执行顺序不是固定的，可以根据需要进行调整。上述各实施例中描述的系统结构可以是物理结构，也可以是逻辑结构，即，有些模块可能由同一物理实体实现，或者，有些模块可能分由多个物理实体实现，或者，可以由多个独立设备中的某些部件共同实现。It should be noted that not all steps and modules in the above processes and system structures are necessary, and some steps or modules may be omitted according to actual needs. The execution order of each step is not fixed and can be adjusted as required. The system structure described in the above embodiments may be a physical structure or a logical structure, that is, some modules may be implemented by the same physical entity, or some modules may be implemented by multiple physical entities, or may be implemented by multiple physical entities. Some components in separate devices are implemented together.
以上各实施例中，硬件单元可以通过机械方式或电气方式实现。例如，一个硬件单元可以包括永久性专用的电路或逻辑(如专门的处理器，FPGA或ASIC)来完成相应操作。硬件单元还可以包括可编程逻辑或电路(如通用处理器或其它可编程处理器)，可以由软件进行临时的设置以完成相应操作。具体的实现方式(机械方式、或专用的永久性电路、或者临时设置的电路)可以基于成本和时间上的考虑来确定。In the above embodiments, the hardware unit may be implemented mechanically or electrically. For example, a hardware unit may include permanent dedicated circuits or logic (eg, dedicated processors, FPGAs or ASICs) to perform corresponding operations. The hardware unit may also include programmable logic or circuits (such as a general-purpose processor or other programmable processors), which may be temporarily set by software to complete corresponding operations. The specific implementation (mechanical, or dedicated permanent circuit, or temporarily provided circuit) can be determined based on cost and time considerations.
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例，本发明的保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等同替代或变换，均在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准。The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or transformations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims.
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