CN112326560B - Multifold surface-shaped grating and hyperspectral detection device and method - Google Patents
Multifold surface-shaped grating and hyperspectral detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/21—Polarisation-affecting properties
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/4788—Diffraction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
Abstract
The invention relates to a multifold surface-shaped grating, a hyperspectral detection device and a method, wherein the multifold surface-shaped grating comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of bulges which are integrally arranged on one side of the bottom plate; the plurality of bulges are arranged at intervals, and the bottom plates connected with the two sides of the bulges are provided with light shading surfaces; the convex surface comprises a plurality of planes which are sequentially connected end to form a plurality of folding surfaces, obviously, the formed grating has a plurality of folding surfaces, and when the multi-folding surface-shaped grating is used for diffracting light, the energy gathered by the zero-order spectrum can be dispersed; when the multifolding-surface-shaped grating is applied to a hyperspectral detection device, most of light energy is prevented from being filtered when a filter in the detection device filters a zero-order spectrum, most of light energy can be used for detecting a target, the utilization rate of a light source is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the accuracy of a hyperspectral detection target is also improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hyperspectral detection, in particular to a multifold surface-shaped grating, a hyperspectral detection device and a hyperspectral detection method.
Background
The hyperspectral detection device has the advantages that the resolution of detection equipment is improved, the diffraction of a common grating is characterized in that 80% of light energy is gathered in a zero level, but a hyperspectral detection device does not need a zero level spectral line of the grating, and light with the zero level diffracted by the common grating is filtered out by a filter, so that the use efficiency of a light source is greatly reduced by the common coherent hyperspectral detection equipment with the common grating.
Finnish mike-fulinkman (Mika Flinkman) discusses the characteristics and imaging mechanism of hyperspectrum in the context of Transmission filters for imaging and does not realize that hyperspectrum and multifolding surface-shaped grating are organically combined to be designed into multifunctional detection equipment for coherent light detection.
The invention provides a multifold surface-shaped grating, a coherent hyperspectral detection device and a coherent hyperspectral detection method based on the multifold surface-shaped grating, and aims to solve the problem that a light source based on a common grating coherent hyperspectral detector is low in use efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifold surface-shaped grating, a hyperspectral detection device and a method, wherein the multifold surface-shaped grating can disperse the energy of a diffraction zero level, reduce the energy gathered by a zero level spectrum in grating diffraction, reduce the energy of the zero level spectrum filtered by a filter, improve the utilization rate of light source energy, and simultaneously greatly improve the accuracy of a target detected by the hyperspectral detection device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a multifold surface-shaped grating which comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of bulges connected with one side of the bottom plate; the plurality of bulges are arranged at intervals, and the bottom plates connected with the two sides of the bulges are provided with shading surfaces;
the raised surface comprises a plurality of planes, and the planes are sequentially connected end to form a plurality of folding surfaces.
Optionally, except for the two planes where the top ends of the protrusions are connected to each other, the other planes extend in the opposite direction of the incident light.
Optionally, the plurality of planes of the convex surface are arranged in axial symmetry.
Optionally, a plane connected to the light-shielding surface is vertically connected to the light-shielding surface.
Optionally, the light shielding surface is a light-tight dielectric film arranged on the bottom plate connected to the two sides of the protrusion.
Optionally, the bottom plate is made of glass or quartz crystal.
The invention also provides a hyperspectral detection device which comprises a laser source, a beam splitter, a first receiver, a first objective lens, a collimating system lens unit, a first polarizer, a multi-fold surface-shaped grating, a second polarizer, a second objective lens, a filter, a second receiver and a signal processing and imaging system, wherein the first objective lens is arranged on the first objective lens;
laser emitted by the laser source is divided into two paths by the beam splitter, the first path of laser is received by the first receiver and then is input to the signal processing and imaging system by the first receiver through an optical fiber, and the signal processing and imaging system obtains reference light; the second path of laser emits to a target, light reflected by the target sequentially passes through the first objective lens, the collimating system lens unit, the first polarizer, the multi-fold surface-shaped grating, the second polarizer, the second objective lens, the filter and the second receiver, a received optical signal is input to the signal processing and imaging system through an optical fiber by the second receiver, and the signal processing and imaging system obtains light carrying target information;
the multi-fold surface-shaped grating is used for diffracting light reflected by a target and dispersing energy of a zero-order spectrum after diffraction;
the signal processing and imaging system is used for carrying out coherent processing and imaging on the reference light and the light carrying target information to realize target detection.
Optionally, the collimating system lens unit includes a first collimating system lens and/or a second collimating system lens; the beam splitting proportion of the beam splitter is 90% to 10%; and taking 90% of laser as the second path of laser and taking 10% of laser as the first path of laser.
Optionally, the laser source, the beam splitter, the first receiver, the first objective lens, the collimating system lens unit, the first polarizer, the multi-fold grating, the second polarizer, the second objective lens, the filter, and the second receiver are fixed to a same flat plate, and a scanning control system is further disposed on the flat plate, and is configured to control movement of the flat plate so that the second laser beam is emitted to a target from different directions.
The invention also provides a hyperspectral detection method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring local oscillator reference light;
acquiring light carrying target information;
performing coherent processing and imaging on the local oscillator reference light and the light carrying the target information to obtain coherent processing and imaging results;
and determining target information according to the coherent processing and imaging results.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
(1) the invention provides a multifold surface-shaped grating, a hyperspectral detection device and a method, wherein the multifold surface-shaped grating comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of bulges which are integrally arranged on one side of the bottom plate; the plurality of bulges are arranged at intervals, and the bottom plates connected with the two sides of the bulges are provided with light shading surfaces; the convex surface comprises a plurality of planes which are sequentially connected end to form a plurality of folding surfaces, obviously, the formed grating has a plurality of folding surfaces, and when the grating is used for diffracting light, the energy gathered by the zero-order spectrum can be dispersed; when the multifolding-surface-shaped grating is applied to a hyperspectral detection device, most of light energy is prevented from being filtered when a filter in the detection device filters a zero-order spectrum, most of light energy can be used for detecting a target, the utilization rate of a light source is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the accuracy of a hyperspectral detection target is also improved.
(2) When the hyperspectral detection device is used for detecting the target, the light intensity used in the detection process does not exceed the threshold value for destroying the target sample, and the damage of mechanical force and electromagnetic force is avoided, so that nondestructive detection is realized.
(3) The special structure of the multifold-shaped grating divides the detected photon diffraction carrying rich information of the target into a plurality of levels, and different levels of spectra are imaged in an information processing and imaging system, so that the hyperspectral detection device has dual functions of spectrum identification and imaging.
(4) The zero-order diffraction is filtered by the filter, so that the diffraction effect of the aperture of the element is reduced, and the spatial resolution is improved.
(5) The interaction time of the detection pulse and the detected target is short, the detection is not destructive, and the evolution process of the living body, namely the living body diagnosis, can be observed by continuous detection.
(6) The hyperspectral detection device has wide detection objects and can also realize the coverage of a spectrum section with large-range spatial resolution and the real-time processing of information.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hyperspectral detection apparatus provided by embodiment 1 of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a multi-facet grating structure provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a hyperspectral detection method according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
description of the symbols:
1: a laser source; 2: a beam splitter; 3: a first receiver; 4: a signal processing and imaging system; 5: a first objective lens; 6: a first collimating system lens; 7: a second collimating system lens; 8: a first polarizer; 9: a multifold profile grating; 10: a second polarizer; 11: a second objective lens; 12: a filter: 13: a second receiver; 14: a flat plate; 15: a scanning control system; 91: a base plate; 92: a protrusion; 921: a first plane; 922: a second plane; 923 a third plane; 924: a fourth plane; 925: a fifth plane; 926: a sixth plane; 93: and (6) shading the surface of the light.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a multifold surface-shaped grating, a hyperspectral detection device and a method, wherein the multifold surface-shaped grating can disperse the energy of a diffraction zero level, reduce the energy gathered by a zero level spectrum in grating diffraction, reduce the energy of the zero level spectrum filtered by a filter, improve the utilization rate of light source energy, and simultaneously greatly improve the accuracy of a target detected by the hyperspectral detection device.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a hyperspectral detection apparatus, which includes a laser source 1, a beam splitter 2, a first receiver 3, a first objective lens 5, a collimating system lens unit, a first polarizer 8, a multifold-shaped grating 9, a second polarizer 10, a second objective lens 11, a filter 12, a second receiver 13, and a signal processing and imaging system 4;
the hyperspectral detection device can detect targets in a long distance or a short distance, and when the hyperspectral detection device is carried on an aircraft (a common airplane, a helicopter, a transporter, an unmanned aerial vehicle and the like) or a satellite, the hyperspectral detection device can realize the detection of a target area in a long distance from the air to the water surface or the ground; for example, for a non-road water bank where the ground is not easy to reach by a conventional vehicle and a shallow water area where ships cannot reach, the detection device can be carried on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the detection device can also be carried on the plane to enter a cave for detection or detect from the air to a snow mountain or detect a large-area forest. Obviously, the detection device disclosed by the invention is particularly suitable for detecting the target under the harsh condition. In addition, the detection device can be applied to the detection of an object in a laboratory.
When the device is used for detecting a target, laser emitted by a laser source 1 is divided into two paths by a beam splitter 2, the first path of laser is received by a first receiver 3 and then is input into a signal processing and imaging system 4 by the first receiver 3 through an optical fiber, and the signal processing and imaging system 4 obtains reference light; the second path of laser emits to the target, the light reflected by the target sequentially passes through the first objective lens 5, the collimating system lens unit, the first polarizer 8, the multi-fold surface-shaped grating 9, the second polarizer 10, the second objective lens 11, the filter 12 and the second receiver 13, the second receiver 13 inputs the received optical signal to the signal processing and imaging system 4 through the optical fiber, and the signal processing and imaging system 4 obtains the light carrying target information;
the multi-fold surface-shaped grating 9 is used for diffracting light reflected by a target and dispersing energy of a zero-order spectrum after diffraction;
the signal processing and imaging system 4 is used for performing coherent processing and imaging on the reference light and the light carrying the target information to realize target detection.
The laser source 1 is any one of a broadband semiconductor solid laser, a fiber laser, a gas laser, an excimer laser, a dye liquid laser, or a laser diode.
Because the beam splitter 2 needs to divide the laser into two paths, the invention provides a certain beam splitting proportion, and the beam splitting proportion of the beam splitter 2 is 90% to 10%; wherein, 90% of laser is used as the second path of laser, and 10% of laser is used as the first path of laser. The beam splitter 2 may be a polarization beam splitter, a prism, a coated planar optical element, a waveguide element, a wavelength division multiplexer, or the like.
The first objective lens 5 and the second objective lens 11 may be made of organic material such as glass, and have a circular, square, trapezoidal or polygonal cross-sectional shape.
The collimator system lens unit includes a first collimator system lens 6 and/or a second collimator system lens 7; the first collimating system lens 6 and the second collimating system lens 7 are made of organic materials such as glass, and the cross section of the first collimating system lens and the cross section of the second collimating system lens are circular, square, trapezoid or polygonal.
The first polarizer 8 and the second polarizer 10 may be made of uniaxial crystal, biaxial crystal, metallized glass, polymer, liquid crystal, mica, calcite, quartz, etc., and may be in the form of rectangular, circular, trapezoidal, or polygonal elongated or topological elements.
The multi-fold surface-shaped grating is a transmission type, a reflection type and an angle deflection type, the light transmission part of the transmission type multi-fold surface-shaped grating has a multi-fold surface shape, the reflection part of the reflection type multi-fold surface-shaped grating is a multi-fold surface shape, and the multi-fold surface-shaped grating is made of glass, quartz crystal, polyester material, high polymer material and the like.
According to the requirement, the selectable filter 12 is any one of a fused-cone optical fiber filter, a Fabry-Perot etalon filter, a multilayer dielectric film filter, a Mach-Zehnder interference filter, a bulk grating filter, an arrayed waveguide grating filter, an optical fiber grating filter, an acousto-optic tunable filter and a multilayer dielectric film filter.
The first receiver 3 and the second receiver 13 can be selected from a CCD diode array detector, or a photodiode, or a photomultiplier tube, or a multi-channel plate, or an oscilloscope, or a computer.
The signal processing and imaging system 4 may be selected from a photoelectric conversion processor, or an arithmetic modulator, or a serial and parallel conversion modulator, or a quantization operation modulator, or a mode conversion, or a computer, or an oscilloscope, or a camera-video recorder system.
The optical fibers connected between the first receiver 3 and the second receiver 13 and the signal processing and imaging system 4 can be selected from single mode optical fibers, multimode optical fibers, glass optical fibers, quartz optical fibers, polymer optical fibers, and the like.
In addition, in order to perform scanning detection on a target area more omnidirectionally, the laser source 1, the beam splitter 2, the first receiver 3, the first objective lens 5, the collimating system lens unit, the first polarizer 8, the multifold-shaped grating 9, the second polarizer 10, the second objective lens 11, the filter 12 and the second receiver 13 are fixed on the same flat plate 14, a scanning control system 15 is arranged on the flat plate 14, and the scanning control system 15 is used for controlling the movement of the flat plate 14 so that the second path of laser light can be emitted to a target from different directions. The flat plate 14 is controlled by a scanning control system 15, and performs multi-dimensional scanning on the ground and the water surface from the air, and scans and detects a target area in an omnidirectional direction. The plate 14 for holding the device is made of stainless steel material, and the scanning control system 15 can be a multi-dimensional space mechanical and electronic control scanner.
The working principle of the hyperspectral detection device provided by the invention is as follows:
the laser source 1 emits laser, which is split by the beam splitter 2 and divided into two beams, wherein one beam of light with 90% of light energy is emitted to a target, the other beam of light with 10% of light energy is emitted to the first receiver 3, the light received by the first receiver 3 is input to the signal processing and imaging system 4 through an optical fiber and is used as local oscillation reference light, the light reflected by the target carries detected information and is emitted to the first collimating system lens 6 and the second collimating system lens 7 through the first objective lens 5 for collimation, the collimated light is emitted to the first polarizer 8, the polarized light is emitted to the multi-fold grating 9, the light carrying the target information is diffracted by the multi-fold grating 9 and is divided into multi-level spectrums, due to the diffraction characteristics of the gratings, the zero-level spectrum after the diffraction of the common grating occupies 80% of energy, and the zero-level spectrum contributes very little to an analysis target, so as to improve the effective utilization of the light carrying the target information of the detection target, the invention particularly disperses the zero-order spectrum on the design of the grating, the zero-order spectrum is dispersed by utilizing the multifold-shaped grating 9, the second polarizer 10 adjusts the polarization direction of the light diffracted by the multifold-shaped grating 9, the light is focused by the second objective lens 11, the wavelength interfering the imaging of the spectrum is filtered by the filter 12, the zero-order spectrum is filtered, the spectrums of the rest diffraction orders are emitted to the second receiver 13, the second receiver 13 obtains the light carrying the target information after being sorted, and the light carrying the target information is sent to the signal processing and imaging system 4 through the optical fiber, and the signal processing and imaging system 4 carries out coherent processing and imaging on the light carrying the target information and the local oscillation reference light to obtain the final target result.
The hyperspectral detection device can set the central wavelength of laser to be 532nm, the intensity to be 10nJ, the scanning bandwidth to be 30m and the distance to the ground to be 60km in the air, and the numerical value has no limiting effect and can be adjusted according to actual needs.
In this implementation, when being applied to many broken surface shape grating in the hyperspectral detection device, when the zero order spectrum of the filter filtering among the detection device, avoid most light energy filtering, can be used for the detection of target with most light energy, improved the utilization ratio of light source greatly, also improved the accuracy of hyperspectral detection target simultaneously. When the hyperspectral detection device is used for detecting the target, the light intensity used in the detection process does not exceed the threshold value for destroying the target sample, and the damage of mechanical force and electromagnetic force is avoided, so that nondestructive detection is realized. The zero-order diffraction is filtered by the filter, so that the diffraction effect of the aperture of the element is reduced, and the spatial resolution is improved. The interaction time of the detection pulse and the detected target is short, the detection is not destructive, and the evolution process of the living body, namely the living body diagnosis, can be observed by continuous detection. The hyperspectral detection device has wide detection objects and can also realize the coverage of a spectrum section with large-range spatial resolution and the real-time processing of information.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a multi-fold surface-shaped grating 9, which includes a bottom plate 91 and a plurality of protrusions 92 integrally connected to one side of the bottom plate 91; a plurality of bulges 92 are arranged at intervals, and the bottom plate 91 connected with the two sides of the bulges 92 is provided with a light shading surface 93; the surface of the protrusion 92 includes a plurality of planes, which are connected end to form a plurality of folding planes.
Because a plurality of planes on the surface of the protrusion 92 are sequentially connected end to form a plurality of folding surfaces, a certain included angle exists between two adjacent planes, and the included angles can be acute angles or obtuse angles, and can be set to be uniform values or different values as required. For a clearer understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the surface of the protrusion 92 includes six planes, which are not used for limiting the present invention.
Six planes are defined as a first plane 921, a second plane 922, a third plane 923, a fourth plane 924, a fifth plane 925 and a sixth plane 926 in this order from one side of the surface of the projection 92 to the other side. The first plane 921 to the sixth plane 926 are connected end to end in sequence.
Wherein a first angle between the first plane 921 and the second plane 922, a second angle between the second plane 922 and the third plane 923, a fourth angle between the fourth plane 924 and the fifth plane 925, and a fifth angle between the fifth plane 925 and the sixth plane 926 may be set to a uniform obtuse angle value, and a third angle between the third plane 923 and the fourth plane 924 is set to an acute angle.
Or the first included angle, the second included angle, the third included angle, the fourth included angle and the fifth included angle may be partially set to be obtuse angles and partially set to be acute angles according to actual requirements, for example, the first included angle and the fifth included angle are set to be obtuse angles, and the second included angle, the third included angle and the fourth included angle are set to be acute angles, so long as a plurality of planes on the surface of the protrusion 92 can form a plurality of folding surfaces, the included angles between adjacent planes can be set according to requirements, and gratings formed by the protrusion 92 capable of forming multi-folding surfaces and realizing the dispersion of zero-order spectral energy are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to achieve the dispersion of the zero-order spectral energy more precisely, the protrusion 92 may be configured to be axisymmetric, i.e., a plurality of planes on the surface of the protrusion 92 are axisymmetrically disposed, such as a first plane 921, a second plane 922, and a third plane 923, which are axisymmetrically disposed with a sixth plane 926, a fifth plane 925, and a fourth plane 924, respectively.
Since the light shielding surfaces 93 are disposed on the bottom plate 91 connected to the two sides of the protrusion 92, the protrusion 92 is connected to the light shielding surfaces 93 on the two sides, and further, the first plane 921 and the sixth plane 926 of the protrusion 92 are connected to the light shielding surfaces 93 on the two sides of the protrusion 92. And it is required that the first plane 921 of the projection 92 is perpendicularly connected to the light shielding surface 93 of one side of the projection 92 and the sixth plane 926 of the projection 92 is perpendicularly connected to the light shielding surface 93 of the other side of the projection 92. That is, a plane connected to the light shielding surface 93 is perpendicularly connected to the light shielding surface 93. In addition to the above-mentioned vertical connection relationship, the first plane 921 and the second plane 922 can be connected to the light shielding surface 93 of the first plane and the second plane respectively at an obtuse angle according to practical requirements.
In addition, the light shielding surface 93 arranged on the bottom plate 91 connected to both sides of the protrusion 92 is an opaque dielectric film arranged on the bottom plate 91 connected to both sides of the protrusion 92. The bottom plate 91 is made of glass or quartz crystal, and the specific material of the bottom plate 91 can be selected from all polyester materials or polymer materials according to requirements.
Considering that the multifold-shaped grating can be used in a detection device for detecting an object at a long distance and a detection device for detecting an object at a short distance, however, when the multifold-shaped grating is used in a detection device for detecting an object at a long distance, such as an onboard or satellite-borne detection device, in order to achieve effective alignment of laser and the grating, a plurality of planes on the surface of the protrusion 92 can be extended, wherein except for two planes where the top ends of the protrusion 92 are connected with each other, the other planes extend in the opposite direction of incident light, and the length of the extended part can be set according to requirements. For example, the first plane 921, the second plane 922, the fifth plane 925, and the sixth plane 926 extend in opposite directions of incident light, while the third plane 923 and the fourth plane 924 do not extend. When used in a probe apparatus for probing targets at close distances, such as a probe apparatus used in a laboratory, the multiple planes of the surface of the projection 92 need not extend to be accurately aligned.
In this embodiment, since the surface of the protrusion 92 includes a plurality of planes, and the planes are sequentially connected end to form a plurality of folding surfaces, it is obvious that the formed grating has a plurality of folding surfaces, and when the grating is used to diffract light, the energy collected by the zero-order spectrum can be dispersed.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a hyperspectral detection method, including the following steps:
acquiring local oscillator reference light;
wherein, the local oscillator reference light is A6(t)＝A6cos(ω6t+φ6)
In the formula of omega6Is the frequency of light, phi6Is the phase of light, A6Is the light amplitude;
acquiring light carrying target information;
wherein the light A carrying target information17(t)＝A17cos(ω17t+φ17)
In the formula of omega17Is the frequency of light, phi17Is the phase of the light; a. the17Is the amplitude of the light;
performing coherent processing and imaging on the local oscillator reference light and the light carrying the target information to obtain coherent processing and imaging results;
the coherent treatment comprises the following steps:
i (t) is coherent synthetic light intensity, beta is a photoelectric conversion coefficient, and t is time;
and determining target information according to the coherent processing and imaging results.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The multifold surface-shaped grating is characterized by comprising a bottom plate and a plurality of bulges which are integrally arranged on one side of the bottom plate; the plurality of bulges are arranged at intervals, and the bottom plates connected with the two sides of the bulges are provided with shading surfaces;
the surface of the bulge comprises a plurality of planes, and the planes are sequentially connected end to form a plurality of folding surfaces; the included angle between the adjacent planes is set to be an acute angle or an obtuse angle according to requirements, so that a multi-fold plane can be formed, and the bulge capable of dispersing zero-order spectral energy can be realized; among the plurality of planes, a plane connected with the light shielding surface is vertically connected or in obtuse angle connection with the light shielding surface.
2. The multifold grating of claim 1, wherein the planes other than the two planes where the convex tips are connected to each other extend in a direction opposite to the incident light.
3. The multifold grating of claim 1, wherein the plurality of planes of the convex surface are arranged in axial symmetry.
4. The multifold-shaped grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light-shielding surface is an opaque dielectric film disposed on the bottom plate connected to both sides of the protrusion.
5. The multifold grating of claim 1, wherein the base plate is a glass or quartz crystal.
6. A hyperspectral detection device based on the multifold-shaped grating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising a laser source, a beam splitter, a first receiver, a first objective lens, a collimating system lens unit, a first polarizer, the multifold-shaped grating, a second polarizer, a second objective lens, a filter, a second receiver and a signal processing and imaging system;
laser emitted by the laser source is divided into two paths by the beam splitter, the first path of laser is received by the first receiver and then is input to the signal processing and imaging system by the first receiver through an optical fiber, and the signal processing and imaging system obtains reference light; the second path of laser emits to a target, light reflected by the target sequentially passes through the first objective lens, the collimating system lens unit, the first polarizer, the multi-fold surface-shaped grating, the second polarizer, the second objective lens, the filter and the second receiver, a received optical signal is input to the signal processing and imaging system through an optical fiber by the second receiver, and the signal processing and imaging system obtains light carrying target information;
the multi-fold surface-shaped grating is used for diffracting light reflected by a target and dispersing energy of a zero-order spectrum after diffraction;
the signal processing and imaging system is used for carrying out coherent processing and imaging on the reference light and the light carrying target information to realize target detection.
7. The detection apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the collimating system lens unit comprises a first collimating system lens and/or a second collimating system lens; the beam splitting proportion of the beam splitter is 90% to 10%; and taking 90% of laser as the second path of laser and taking 10% of laser as the first path of laser.
8. The detecting device according to claim 6, wherein the laser source, the beam splitter, the first receiver, the first objective lens, the collimating system lens unit, the first polarizer, the multi-faceted grating, the second polarizer, the second objective lens, the filter, and the second receiver are fixed on a same flat plate, and a scanning control system is further disposed on the flat plate, and is configured to control the movement of the flat plate so that the second laser beam is emitted to the target from different directions.
9. A hyperspectral detection method realized based on the detection device of claim 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring local oscillator reference light;
acquiring light carrying target information;
performing coherent processing and imaging on the local oscillator reference light and the light carrying the target information to obtain coherent processing and imaging results;
and determining target information according to the coherent processing and imaging results.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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