CN112326296B - Sampling method and system suitable for analyzing metallographic structure and Agt performance relation - Google Patents
Sampling method and system suitable for analyzing metallographic structure and Agt performance relation Download PDFInfo
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- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sampling method and a sampling system suitable for analyzing a metallographic structure and Agt performance relation, which comprises the steps of breaking a tensile sample and taking a longer tensile residual sample, taking a gauge length of 100mm at a position which is at a specific position and is more than or equal to 50mm or 2 times of the nominal diameter of the tensile sample away from a fracture, measuring the elongation of the tensile residual sample to further obtain the maximum force plastic elongation Ag, and calculating the maximum force total elongation Agt according to a formula; marking the sample at a scale distance of 100mm according to 10mm intervals in an equal division manner, and marking 10 grids in total; cutting one metallographic sample at the position of every two equal grid mark intervals, and totally cutting four metallographic samples; and observing a metallographic structure by using a microscope, measuring the bainite content at the center, and comparing the bainite content with the value of Agt to obtain the corresponding relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance. The invention can accurately analyze the relation between the Agt performance and the metallographic structure by intercepting four metallographic samples, thereby better reducing the workload and the detection error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel production inspection and test major, in particular to a sampling method and a sampling system suitable for analyzing the relation between metallographic structures and Agt performances.
Background
The hot-rolled ribbed steel bar is widely applied to roads, bridges and various buildings, the performance of the maximum total elongation (hereinafter abbreviated as Agt) represents the seismic resistance of the steel bar, and directly influences the safety of buildings and people's lives and properties, and GB/T1499.2-2018 part 2 of steel for reinforced concrete: hot rolled ribbed bars "also set out requirements for hot rolled ribbed bars att (figure 1). The Agt is a plasticity index of the hot-rolled ribbed steel bar, and the factor influencing the Agt performance is mainly bainite content. However, for samples with inadequate Agt performance, samples are usually taken at the clamped parts of the samples at present, so that the Agt performance and the metallographic structure do not have good correspondence.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and title of the application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems.
Therefore, the sampling method suitable for analyzing the relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance is provided, and the workload for analyzing the corresponding relation between the Agt performance and the metallographic structure can be reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the method comprises the steps of breaking a tensile sample, taking a longer tensile residual sample, taking a gauge length of 100mm at a position which is at a specific position and is more than or equal to 50mm or 2 times of the nominal diameter of the tensile sample from a fracture, measuring the elongation of the tensile residual sample by using a vernier caliper so as to obtain the maximum force plastic elongation Ag, and calculating the maximum force total elongation Agt according to a formula; marking the sample at a scale distance of 100mm according to 10mm intervals in an equal division manner, and marking 10 grids in total; cutting out a metallographic sample at the position of the interval between every two equal grid marks, and cutting out the four metallographic samples; and observing a metallographic structure by using a microscope, measuring the bainite content at the center, and comparing the bainite content with the value of Agt to obtain the corresponding relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance.
As a preferred scheme of the sampling method for analyzing the relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance, the method comprises the following steps: the specific position comprises the position which is more than or equal to 50mm or 2 times of the nominal diameter of the tensile sample away from the fracture, and the larger value of the two values is taken.
As a preferred scheme of the sampling method for analyzing the relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance, the method comprises the following steps: and the step of measuring Ag comprises measuring the elongation of the stretching residual sample by using a vernier caliper, and dividing the elongation by the gauge length of 100mm to obtain the maximum force plastic elongation Ag.
As a preferred scheme of the sampling method for analyzing the relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance, the method comprises the following steps: the Agt calculation comprises the step of obtaining the Agt by utilizing the Ag through a GB/T28900 manual measurement calculation formula, wherein the formula is as follows:
Agt＝Ag+Rm/2000
wherein Rm is tensile strength.
As a preferred scheme of the sampling method for analyzing the relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance, the method comprises the following steps: the equally dividing grids comprise that a tensile sample with the shearing length of 400mm is straightened, and equally dividing grids are marked on the sample with the gauge length of 100mm according to the distance of 10mm, and 10 grids are marked in total.
As a preferred scheme of the sampling method for analyzing the relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance, the method comprises the following steps: and the step of observing the metallographic structure comprises polishing the metallographic sample, corroding the metallographic sample by using a 4% nitric acid alcohol solution, and then placing the metallographic sample under a microscope to observe and take a picture.
As a preferred scheme of the sampling method for analyzing the relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance, the method comprises the following steps: the method for measuring the bainite content at the center comprises the steps of marking bainite into red by using Photoshop, and then calculating the proportion of the area of the red region by using Pro Imaging, wherein the proportion is the bainite content.
As a preferred scheme of the sampling system suitable for analyzing the relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance, the sampling system comprises: the device comprises a measuring module, a calculating module and a control module, wherein the measuring module is used for measuring the maximum force plastic elongation and calculating the maximum force total elongation, the measuring module comprises a measuring unit and a calculating unit, the measuring unit is used for measuring the maximum force plastic elongation of a specified gauge length, and the calculating unit is connected with the measuring unit and is used for calculating the maximum force total elongation through the maximum force plastic elongation; the intercepting module is connected with the measuring module and used for intercepting a metallographic sample and comprises a marking unit, a cutting unit and a content measuring unit; the marking unit is connected with the measuring module and is used for carrying out equal division marking on the gauge length of the measuring module; the cutting unit is connected with the marking unit and is used for cutting the metallographic sample at the position marked by the marking unit; the content measuring unit is connected with the cutting unit and is used for measuring the bainite content at the center of the metallographic sample in the cutting unit; and the analysis module is connected with the interception module and the measurement module and is used for analyzing the corresponding relation between the total ductility of the maximum force and the bainite content at the center of the metallographic sample.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can accurately analyze the relation between the Agt performance and the metallographic structure by intercepting four metallographic samples, thereby better reducing the workload and the detection error.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a sampling method for analyzing a relationship between metallographic structure and Agt performance according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a position of a metallographic sample cut by a sampling method suitable for analyzing a relation between metallographic structure and Agt performance according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a metallographic sample cutting operation according to a sampling method for analyzing a relationship between metallographic structure and Agt performance according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a sampling system for analyzing the relationship between metallographic structure and Agt property according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic network topology diagram of a sampling system suitable for analyzing a relationship between metallographic structure and Agt performance according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, the references herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not necessarily enlarged to scale, and are merely exemplary, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper, lower, inner and outer" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and operate, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms first, second, or third are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The terms "mounted, connected and connected" in the present invention are to be understood broadly, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example: can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrally connected; they may be mechanically, electrically, or directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a sampling method for analyzing a relationship between a metallographic structure and an Agt property, including:
s1: breaking the tensile sample, taking a longer tensile residual sample, taking a gauge length of 100mm at a specific position, measuring the maximum force plastic elongation Ag by using a vernier caliper, and calculating the maximum force total elongation Agt.
It should be noted that, in GB/T28900-2012, it is specified that the length between the grip and gauge length is not less than 20mm or the nominal diameter d of the tensile specimen, and since the threaded wire rod d <14, the length between each section of the grip and gauge length is not less than 20mm, and the sum of the two sections is not less than 40mm; GB/T28900-2012 also states that Ag should be measured at a gauge length of 100mm, which is at least 50mm or 2d from the break, so that the tensile specimen has a sampling length of 400mm.
After the tensile sample is broken, a longer tensile residual sample is taken, a gauge length of 100mm is taken at a position which is more than or equal to 50mm or 2d (the larger one is selected) away from the fracture, then the elongation is measured by using a vernier caliper, and the elongation is divided by the gauge length of 100mm, so that the maximum force plastic elongation Ag of the gauge length of 100mm is obtained.
Then obtaining the maximum force total elongation Agt of the gauge length of 100mm through a GB/T28900 manual measurement calculation formula, wherein the formula is as follows:
Agt＝Ag+Rm/2000
wherein Rm is tensile strength.
S2: and cutting four metallographic samples on the length of the gauge length.
As shown in fig. 2, the mark is equally divided into 10mm intervals on the scale distance length of 100mm, 10 grids are marked in total, one metallographic sample is cut at the position of every two equal division grid marking intervals, and four metallographic samples are cut in total.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the metallographic samples are cut according to the positions (1), (2), (3) and (4), two sections of the samples (1), (2) and (3) and (4) are cut, serial numbers are marked on the cross sections (1), (2), (3) and (4), and then the metallographic samples are cut at the positions (5) and (6), so that 4 metallographic cross sections are distributed at equal intervals.
S3: and observing the metallographic structure by using a microscope, measuring the bainite content at the center, and comparing the bainite content with the value of Agt to obtain the corresponding relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance.
And (4) polishing the metallographic sample, corroding the metallographic sample by using a 4% nitric acid alcohol solution, and then observing and photographing the metallographic sample under a microscope.
Further, bainite is marked to be red by Photoshop, and then Pro Imaging is used for calculating the proportion of the area of a red region, wherein the proportion is the bainite content.
Further, the bainite content and the value of Agt at the center of the four metallographic samples are plotted in table 1.
Table 1: and the bainite contents of the centers of different Agt values and different sampling positions are mapped.
From Table 1 it can be seen that the average B content obtained in this example is inversely proportional to Agt, in line with the theory of materials science.
In order to verify and explain the technical effects adopted in the method, the embodiment selects the clamping part sampling method and adopts the method to perform comparison test, and compares the test results by means of scientific demonstration to verify the real effect of the method.
The traditional clamping part sampling causes that the Agt performance does not have good correspondence with the metallographic structure, and the relation between the Agt and the metallographic structure is difficult to obtain.
In order to verify that the method can accurately analyze the relation between the Agt performance and the metallographic structure and reduce the workload relative to the clamping part sampling method, the clamping part sampling method and the method are adopted to respectively measure and compare the bainite content at the center of the metallographic sample in real time.
Taking two sections of samples with the length of 400mm, respectively adopting the method and the clamping part sampling method to intercept the metallographic samples, wherein the method obtains four metallographic samples in total, the clamping part sampling method obtains 1 metallographic sample in total, then respectively embedding the metallographic samples, and then placing the metallographic samples under a microscope to observe and take a picture. Then, bainite was marked red by Photoshop, and then the ratio of the area of the red region was calculated by Pro Imaging, and the calculation results are shown in the following table.
Table 2: a bainite content comparison table corresponding to the Agt is obtained by adopting the method and a clamping part sampling method.
| Agt，％ | Average B content,% | The content of B in the clamping site% |
| 7.3 | 7.5 | 3 |
| 8.7 | 6.5 | 4 |
| 15.0 | 1.5 | 7 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the average B content measured and calculated by the method is obviously in inverse proportion to the Agt, and the method can eliminate accidental errors and obtain more accurate results by intercepting the metallographic sample at equal intervals. The content of B obtained by sampling the traditional clamping part is in direct proportion to the Agt, and the principle that the bainite content is high, the plasticity is poor and the Agt is low is not met.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4 to 5, a second embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment, provides a sampling system for analyzing a relationship between metallographic structure and Agt performance, including:
the measuring module 100 is used for measuring the maximum force plastic elongation and calculating the maximum force total elongation, and comprises a measuring unit 101 and a calculating unit 102, wherein the measuring unit 101 is used for measuring the maximum force plastic elongation of a specified gauge length, the calculating unit 102 is connected with the measuring unit 101, when the measuring unit 101 finishes measuring the maximum force plastic elongation, the value of the maximum force plastic elongation is transmitted to the calculating unit 102 through a wireless signal, the calculating unit 102 calculates the maximum force total elongation through the maximum force plastic elongation to obtain the maximum force total elongation, and then the calculation result is transmitted to the analyzing module 300 through the wireless signal.
The intercepting module 200 is connected with the measuring module 100 and used for intercepting a metallographic sample and comprises a marking unit 201, a cutting unit 202 and a content determination unit 203, wherein the marking unit 201 is connected with the measuring module 100 and used for carrying out equal grid marking on the gauge length of the measuring module 100; the cutting unit 202 is connected with the marking unit 201 and is used for cutting a metallographic sample at a position marked by the marking unit 201; the content determination unit 203 is connected with the cutting unit 202 and is used for determining the bainite content in the center of the gold sample in the cutting unit 202, the content determination unit 203 combines the PC end to mark the bainite with colors, then the area with the marked colors is calculated, the calculated result is the bainite content, and the bainite content is transmitted to the analysis module 300 through a wireless signal.
The analysis module 300 is connected with the interception module 200 and the measurement module 100 and is used for analyzing the corresponding relation between the total maximum force elongation transmitted by the calculation unit 101 and the bainite content transmitted by the content determination unit 203; and (4) analyzing and judging the linear relation between the bainite content and the maximum force total elongation by taking a decoding body.
It should be recognized that embodiments of the present invention can be realized and implemented by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer readable memory. The methods may be implemented in a computer program using standard programming techniques, including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with the computer program, where the storage medium so configured causes a computer to operate in a specific and predefined manner, according to the methods and figures described in the detailed description. Each program may be implemented in a high level procedural or object oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system. However, the program(s) can be implemented in assembly or machine language, if desired. In any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language. Furthermore, the program can be run on a programmed application specific integrated circuit for this purpose.
Further, the operations of processes described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The processes described herein (or variations and/or combinations thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) collectively executed on one or more processors, by hardware, or combinations thereof. The computer program includes a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors.
Further, the method may be implemented in any type of computing platform operatively connected to a suitable interface, including but not limited to a personal computer, mini computer, mainframe, workstation, networked or distributed computing environment, separate or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, and the like. Aspects of the invention may be embodied in machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into a computing platform, such as a hard disk, optically read and/or write storage medium, RAM, ROM, or the like, such that it may be read by a programmable computer, which when read by the storage medium or device, is operative to configure and operate the computer to perform the procedures described herein. Further, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, may be transmitted over a wired or wireless network. The invention described herein includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media when such media includes instructions or programs that implement the steps described above in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor. The invention also includes the computer itself when programmed according to the methods and techniques described herein. A computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described herein to transform the input data to generate output data that is stored to non-volatile memory. The output information may also be applied to one or more output devices, such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transformed data represents physical and tangible objects, including particular visual depictions of physical and tangible objects produced on a display.
As used in this application, the terms "component," "module," "system," and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, either hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, or software in execution. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to being: a process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. By way of example, both an application running on a computing device and the computing device can be a component. One or more components can reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures thereon. The components may communicate by way of local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such as the internet with other systems by way of the signal).
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A sampling method suitable for analyzing the relation between metallographic structures and Agt performances is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a substrate,
breaking the tensile sample and taking a longer tensile residual sample, taking a gauge length of 100mm at a position which is at a specific position and is more than or equal to 50mm or 2 times of the nominal diameter of the tensile sample from the fracture, measuring the elongation of the tensile residual sample to further obtain the maximum force plastic elongation Ag, and calculating the maximum force total elongation Agt according to a formula;
marking the sample at a scale distance of 100mm according to 10mm intervals in an equal division manner, and marking 10 grids in total;
cutting one metallographic sample at the position of the interval between every two equally-divided grid marks, and totally cutting four metallographic samples;
and observing a metallographic structure by using a microscope, measuring the bainite content at the center, and comparing the bainite content with the value of Agt to obtain the corresponding relation between the metallographic structure and the Agt performance.
2. A sampling method suitable for analysing the relationship between metallographic structure and att properties according to claim 1, characterised in that: the specific location may include one or more of,
the larger of the two values is taken at the position which is more than or equal to 50mm from the fracture or 2 times of the nominal diameter of the tensile sample.
3. A sampling method suitable for analysing the relationship between metallographic structure and att properties according to claim 1, characterised in that: the determination of Ag includes the following steps,
and measuring the elongation of the residual tensile sample by using a vernier caliper, and dividing the elongation by the gauge length of 100mm to obtain the maximum force plastic elongation Ag.
4. A sampling method suitable for analysing the relationship between metallographic structure and att properties according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: the calculation of the Agt includes,
and obtaining the Agt by utilizing the Ag through a GB/T28900 manual measurement calculation formula, wherein the formula is as follows:
Agt＝Ag+Rm/2000
wherein Rm is tensile strength.
5. A sampling method suitable for analysing the relationship between metallographic structure and att properties according to claim 1, characterised in that: the division of the grid includes that,
shearing a tensile sample with the length of 400mm, straightening, and carrying out equal division marking on the sample at the distance of 10mm on the gauge length of 100mm, wherein 10 grids are marked in total.
6. A sampling method suitable for analysing the relationship between metallographic structure and Agt properties according to any of claims 1, 2 and 5, comprising: the observation of the metallographic structure includes that,
and polishing the metallographic sample, corroding the metallographic sample by using a 4% nitric acid alcohol solution, and then placing the metallographic sample under a microscope for observation and photographing.
7. A sampling method suitable for analysing the relationship between metallographic structure and Agt properties according to claim 6, wherein: the measuring of the bainite content in the center comprises,
marking the bainite into red by using Photoshop, and then calculating the proportion of the area of the red region by using Pro Imaging, wherein the proportion is the bainite content.
8. The utility model provides a sampling system suitable for analysis metallographic structure and att performance relation which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
a measuring module (100) for measuring maximum force plastic elongation and calculating maximum force total elongation, comprising a measuring unit (101) and a calculating unit (102), the measuring unit (101) being adapted to measure maximum force plastic elongation for a prescribed gauge length, the calculating unit (102) being connected to the measuring unit (101) and being adapted to calculate the maximum force total elongation from the maximum force plastic elongation;
the cutting module (200) is connected with the measuring module (100) and is used for cutting a metallographic sample and comprises a marking unit (201), a cutting unit (202) and a content measuring unit (203); the marking unit (201) is connected with the measuring module (100) and is used for carrying out equal division marking on the gauge length of the measuring module (100); the cutting unit (202) is connected with the marking unit (201) and is used for cutting the metallographic sample at the position marked by the marking unit (201); the content measuring unit (203) is connected with the cutting unit (202) and is used for measuring the bainite content at the center of the metallographic sample in the cutting unit (202);
an analysis module (300), connected to said interception module (200) and to said measurement module (100), for analyzing the correspondence between said maximum force total elongation and the bainite content in the centre of said metallographic specimen.
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