CN1123260A - 骨粉液体复合肥的制法 - Google Patents
骨粉液体复合肥的制法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 title claims description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 hydrogen potassium oxide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JJEJDZONIFQNHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C+4].N Chemical compound [C+4].N JJEJDZONIFQNHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000003 hoof Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
一种骨粉液体复合肥的制法,采用脱脂骨粉为原料,用工业硫酸水解萃取,然后过滤去杂,再加入氢氧化钾中和而成。本发明产品可作为基肥用于拌种或浸种,也可作为追肥喷施于植物叶面上。经大田试验,本发明产品可明显提高各种农作物的质量和产量,并可促进农作物的早熟。
Description
本发明涉及一种利用骨粉或其它动物废弃物制造液体复合肥的方法。
骨粉中含有大量的磷酸钙、以及多种微量元素、蛋白质,现有的骨粉肥是将骨粉直接用作肥料或直接与其它原料复配制造复混肥,其不足之处是骨粉中的磷酸钙分子结构紧密,不溶于水,这种肥料只能作为一种迟效肥料,骨粉的利用率较低。
本发明的目的就是克服上述现有技术的不足,提供一种更充分的利用骨粉原料来制造高效、速效肥料的骨粉液体复合肥的制造方法。
本发明目的可通过下面途径达到:
本发明采用水解萃取的方法,将骨粉中分子结构紧密、不溶于水的磷酸盐中的磷酸根用硫酸置换出来,再与氢氧化钾中和,生成水溶性极好的磷酸二氢钾和硫酸钾、硫酸铵。本发明的特点是:采用脱脂骨粉为原料,用硫酸水解萃取,然后过滤去杂,再加入氢氧化钾中和为成品。
本发明的具体制法为:(1)先将脱脂骨粉加工粉碎至40目以上,或直接选用40目以上脱脂骨粉为原料,以使水解萃取过程更完全。将骨粉原料投入反应釜中,按骨粉(干粉)重量的3—5倍加水,并同时搅拌成粉浆。(2)缓慢加入工业硫酸并搅拌,水解萃取60—100分钟。工业硫酸按骨粉(干粉)重量的1—1.4倍加入。硫酸的加入量以及萃取的时间与骨粉本身的质量相关联,骨粉质量好,硫酸可适当少加一些,萃取时间可短一些,骨粉质量差,硫酸可适当多加一些,萃取时间应长一些。(3)将反应萃取物放入离心甩干器中过滤甩干,去除其中不溶于水的硫酸盐和杂质。(4)将滤液置于另一个反应釜中,加入工业氢氧化钾中和至PH=4—6。工业氢氧化钾按骨粉(干粉)重量的0.4—0.7倍加入。(5)加入碳铵或氨水将pH值调至7。即为成品。
按上述骨粉液体复合肥重量的5—10%加入尿素复配,可制得全氮含量更加合理的液体复合肥。
按骨粉液体复合肥重量的2—4%加入腐殖酸盐作为肥效激活剂,使用效果更佳。
除脱脂骨粉外,其它的如蛋壳、动物蹄角等动物废弃物也可按本发明方法制造高效速效液体复合肥。
本发明充分利用骨粉中的重磷,将不溶于水的磷酸钙变为水溶性极好、极易被植物吸收的磷酸二氢钾,将骨粉肥由迟效农肥变为速效农肥。整个生产过程在常温常压下进行,工艺简单,生产成本低。
本发明产品可作为基肥用于拌种或浸种,使用时一般需加水稀释10—20倍,也可用作追肥直接喷施于植物叶面上,使用时一般需加水稀释100—300倍。
本发明产品属生物制品,没有常用化肥的毒性,不会在植物果实内沉积生成亚硝基盐,对多年使用化肥而造成的土壤板结有较好的改善和缓解作用。经大田试验,对各种农作物的质量和产量均有明显提高,并可促进农作物的早熟,使用本发明产品与使用化肥相比,小麦增产率可达20%,早熟7—10天。瓜果蔬菜可早熟10—15天,棉花每株可多结2—3个棉桃。
Claims (5)
1、骨粉液体复合肥的制法,其特征是:采用脱脂骨粉为原料,用硫酸水解萃取,然后过滤去杂,再加入氢氧化钾中和为成品。
2、如权利要求1所述的骨粉液体复合肥的制法,其特征是具体制法是:(1)先将脱脂骨粉加工粉碎至40目以上,投入反应釜中,按骨粉(干粉)重量的3—5倍加水,并同时搅拌成粉浆;(2)缓慢加入工业硫酸并搅拌,水解萃取60—100分钟;工业硫酸按骨粉(干粉)重量的1—1.4倍加入;(3)将反应萃取物放入离心甩干器中过滤甩干;(4)将滤液置于另一个反应釜中,加入工业氢氧化钾中和至PH=4—6;工业氢氧化钾按骨粉(干粉)重量的0.4—0.7倍加入;(5)加入碳铵或氨水将PH值调至7。
3、如权利要求1、2所述的骨粉液体复合肥的制法,其特征是再加入适量尿素进行复配,尿素按骨粉液体复合肥重量的5—10%加入。
4、如权利要求1、2所述的骨粉液体复合肥的制法,其特征是按骨粉液体复合肥重量的2—4%加入腐殖酸盐。
5、如权利要求3所述的骨粉液体复合肥的制法,其特征是按骨粉液体复合肥重量的2—4%加入腐殖酸盐。
Priority Applications (1)
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CN94118073A CN1123260A (zh) | 1994-11-21 | 1994-11-21 | 骨粉液体复合肥的制法 |
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CN94118073A CN1123260A (zh) | 1994-11-21 | 1994-11-21 | 骨粉液体复合肥的制法 |
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CN1123260A true CN1123260A (zh) | 1996-05-29 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100390107C (zh) * | 2002-05-31 | 2008-05-28 | 普雷塞科有限责任公司 | 用于处理有机物质的残渣的方法 |
CN110372458A (zh) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-10-25 | 盖州市东海肥业有限公司 | 一种骨粉高钙肥的制备方法 |
CN112028711A (zh) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 荆州市保平环保科技有限公司 | 有机肥料及其制备方法 |
CN115286446A (zh) * | 2022-09-17 | 2022-11-04 | 深圳市玉华家科技有限公司 | 一种可以实现粮食定向增加钙元素的施肥方法 |
-
1994
- 1994-11-21 CN CN94118073A patent/CN1123260A/zh active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100390107C (zh) * | 2002-05-31 | 2008-05-28 | 普雷塞科有限责任公司 | 用于处理有机物质的残渣的方法 |
US7517514B2 (en) | 2002-05-31 | 2009-04-14 | Preseco Oy | Process for treating residue of organic material |
CN110372458A (zh) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-10-25 | 盖州市东海肥业有限公司 | 一种骨粉高钙肥的制备方法 |
CN112028711A (zh) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 荆州市保平环保科技有限公司 | 有机肥料及其制备方法 |
CN115286446A (zh) * | 2022-09-17 | 2022-11-04 | 深圳市玉华家科技有限公司 | 一种可以实现粮食定向增加钙元素的施肥方法 |
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