CN1123251C - 一种从无线通信网络中的移动台发送紧急消息的方法和系统 - Google Patents

一种从无线通信网络中的移动台发送紧急消息的方法和系统 Download PDF

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CN1123251C
CN1123251C CN99809219A CN99809219A CN1123251C CN 1123251 C CN1123251 C CN 1123251C CN 99809219 A CN99809219 A CN 99809219A CN 99809219 A CN99809219 A CN 99809219A CN 1123251 C CN1123251 C CN 1123251C
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C·霍伊鲁普
M·弗兰克
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Ericsson Inc
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Abstract

本发明提供一种使用非话音连接传送紧急消息的方法。根据本发明的示范实施方案，将一个紧急短消息业务增加到数字无线标准(如基于GSM的标准)中。该业务允许用户使用短消息业务(SMS)发起带有发送一条紧急数据消息特殊目的的紧急呼叫。这类数据消息可能包括呼叫者的地理位置、电子邮件消息、或可能的话还有诊断信息。这样，本发明的紧急数据消息传送将同蜂窝或卫星通信系统中语音紧急呼叫一样被给予同样的接入条件。

Description

一种从无线通信网络中的移动台发送紧急消息的方法和系统
技术领域
本发明一般涉及在无线通信系统中传送信号的无线通信系统和方法，更具体而言，涉及在无线通信系统中在非话音通信信道上传送紧急消息的系统和方法。
背景技术
GSM描述了无线通信的欧洲标准和相应的公用陆地移动网络(PLMN)，该网络提供统一性以便用户可以在整个欧洲以最小设备兼容问题接入无线系统。GSM包括许多用户业务，包括被称为短消息业务(紧急短消息业务)的消息功能业务，它提供从移动单元用户发送出的或发送到移动单元用户的多达160个字母数字字符的文本消息传送。
当一条短消息业务消息从消息中心发送到移动单元时，不论它如何产生，这样一条消息习惯上称为“移动终结的短消息”(MTSM)。如果一条短消息业务消息始发于移动单元，则发往业务中心以便请求转发短消息业务的信号通常称为“移动始发的短消息”(MOSM)。本发明所关注的正是MOSM。
在基于GSM蜂窝或卫星通信的过程(如亚洲蜂窝卫星系统(ACeS))中，被称为“连接建立”的进程标识了终端在移动台发起或终结的呼叫类型(如紧急呼叫)。本技术领域的专业人员将理解基于GSM的系统包括(但不受限于)运行在900MHz、1800MHz或1900MHz范围的基于GSM的系统。
连接建立涉及移动台和基于GSM的网络之间的初次信息交换和交换控制信息，这发生在连接建立之前。这个进程给予基于GSM的网络确定移动台用户发起某个呼叫的合格性的能力(例如是否允许或拒绝某些用户的某个基于用户的预约类型的特定呼叫的连接)。在紧急呼叫情况下，网络使用该连接建立进程允许开通对所有用户的接入，而不考虑通常情况下会阻塞其他类型呼叫接入的预约限制或其他条件。
在GSM移动电话用户上发起的呼叫限制的例子是当用户的预约属于一个不同的网络、即不同于用户设备当前所处区域的支持无线通信业务的网络时。例如，两个网络之间可能不具有漫游协议。这样，用户通常可能被拒绝接入。结果该用户将不能发起正常电话呼叫或使用需要这类接入的其他GSM业务(如短消息业务(短消息业务))。在这种情况下，用户只有紧急话音呼叫(即呼叫紧急号码)可用。这种传统的紧急呼叫处理规程发表在“欧洲数字蜂窝电信系统(阶段2)；移动台(MS)的人-机界面(MMI)”GSM 02.30版本4.10.0(1993年10月)；“数字蜂窝电信系统(阶段2)；和移动无线接口第3层规范”GSM 04.08，版本4.9.0(1994年7月)，所有这些都特别结合在这里作为参考。
可能有一些紧急情况：用户愿意或需要发送一条字符或数据消息而不是发起一个紧急话音呼叫。例如如果一个人遭遇到心脏病发作且不能够说话，发送一条数据消息就可能是这个人获得紧急救助的唯一方法。这种紧急消息可能包括例如用户的地理位置。但是在当前的GSM系统中，用户为了发送这样一条数据消息不得不进行正常的(非紧急)呼叫。当一个用户受到限制不能发起正常的呼叫时，就不能发送紧急数据消息。
因为基于GSM的标准只为话音定义了紧急呼叫，只有语音消息能够经移动台向紧急救援运营者发送。图1说明GSM系统的传统紧急呼叫进程。当从移动台发起一个呼叫时，就向蜂窝或卫星网络发送一条信道请求(CHANNEL REQUEST)消息(步骤110)。该信道请求(CHANNELREQUEST)消息包括一条叫做“建立原因”的信息单元。建立原因，如其名称所表示的，向网络提供将建立的呼叫类型。建立原因的典型值包括：应答寻呼、呼叫重新建立、紧急呼叫、始发数据呼叫、始发语音呼叫、位置更新、以及在独立专用控制信道(SDCCH)上完成的进程。SDCCH原因表明需要短消息业务。对紧急呼叫，将建立原因设置为紧急呼叫。
为了响应信道请求(CHANNEL REQUEST)，网络向移动台发送一条立即分配(IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT)消息，向它指示一个专用控制信道，以便在其上进行呼叫建立(步骤120)，如下所示。
在接受立即分配(IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT)消息后，移动台通过发送一条业务请求消息来请求该网络的一种业务(步骤130)。在图1中，发送了一条CM业务请求(CM SERVICE REQUEST)消息。该CM业务请求(CM SERVICE REQUEST)包括一个表明所需业务类型的CM业务类型信息单元。CM业务类型可以假设是以下值之一：MS始发呼叫建立、紧急呼叫建立、短消息业务、和补充业务启动。对紧急呼叫，CM业务类型被设置为紧急呼叫建立。
当建立原因(ESTABLISHMENT CAUSE)表明移动台请求一个紧急呼叫(即CM业务类型被设置为紧急呼叫建立)时，则只允许紧急语音呼叫。在传统的基于GSM的系统中的紧急呼叫只用于支持电话的移动台。因此，用户除了语音传送外无法从紧急救援运营者那里请求紧急救助。
发明内容
本发明通过提供一种使用非话音连接来传送紧急消息的方法来克服本技术领域的上述缺乏。根据本发明的示范实施方案，将一种紧急短消息业务添加到现有数字无线规范(如基于GSM的系统)中。该业务允许用户使用短消息业务(SMS)发起带有发送紧急数据消息的特殊目的紧急呼叫。这种数据消息可能包括呼叫者的地理位置、电子邮件消息、或可能的话还有诊断信息。本发明的紧急数据消息传送业务将被给予同在蜂窝和卫星系统中的语音紧急呼叫一样的接入。
附图说明
参考附图从优选实施方案的下列描述中将更明显地看到本发明的上述目的和特征。
图1说明传统的基于GSM的紧急呼叫进程；
图2说明可以实现本发明原理的示范GSM网络；以及
图3说明根据本发明的基于GSM的紧急消息发送进程。
具体实施方式
下列描述根据蜂窝或卫星通信系统，但是应理解本申请人的发明不限于这些环境。另外下列描述基于GSM的蜂窝或卫星系统通信的环境中，但是本技术领域的专业人员应理解本发明可能同样很好地应用到其他数字通信应用中，例如采用码分多址(CDMA)的系统。
图2说明可以实现本发明原理的示范GSM网络。在图2中，一个始发移动台(MS-A)向支持移动台当前所访问的地理区域的移动交换中心(MSC)4发送一条MOSM。虽然在图2中没有明显表示出来，但是对本技术领域的专业人员很明显的是：是由基站接收从移动台2来的信号并将该信号发送到MSC4。MSC4使用分配给移动台2的业务中心的地址作为与MOSM相联系的开销信息的一部分来将MOSM发送到连网的移动交换中心(IWMSC)6。
IWMSC为SMS消息传送提供集中式接口功能。对于MOSM，IWMSC6将短消息传送到一个识别的业务中心(SC)。IWMSC还具有向MSC回传与SMS消息传输相关的结果的功能。在这个例子中，IWMSC6向SC-A8转发MOSM。SC-A8确认接收到返回给IWMSC6的MOSM，IWMSC6接下来又向MSC4回送一条确认信息。
按道理，业务中心是位处于移动无线网络之外的“存储及转发”设备。SC接收和存储SMS消息、向移动台(或移动网络外的接收机)分发SMS消息、并根据存储在SC中的业务简要文档可选地定制SMS消息的分发。在当前例子中，SC-A8从IWMSC6接收MOSM，并在该例子中假设与MS-A相关的用户在SC-A8中存储有一个业务简要文档的情况下，根据这些业务简要文档来对MOSM执行一个或多个操作。例如这些操作可能包括复制接收到的SMS消息并将其存储起来、根据用户A定义的分配列表来发送SMS消息(例如向紧急消息传送中心发送SMS消息)、或把SMS消息转换到所需的传送媒介(例如传真机)上。在执行完业务简要文档所指示的操作之后，SC-A8把MOSM作为一条MTSM发送给在MOSM中所标识的接收者(可以是移动台或任何其他类型的接收设备)。这一过程可按如下方式进行。
MTSM首先被发送到SMS-网关移动交换中心(GMSC)10。类似于它的对应物IWMSC，GMSC起着进入移动无线网络端口的作用。在GMSC10可以通过节点链向为接收者的移动台服务的基站(未示出)分发SMS消息之前，GMSC10必须首先确定接收者移动台的位置(即当前为移动台服务的MSC)。这样，GMSC10首先询问接收者的归属位置寄存器(HLR)12以便来获得该消息的路由信息。
HLR存储有关用户的数据，例如包括用户设备的当前位置、号码薄号码(MSISDN)、无线号码规划标识(如国际移动用户身份)(IMSI))、补充业务简要文档和电信业务简要文档。对于MTSM，HLR提供(根据要求)与SMS消息接收者相联系的被访MSC的标识、以及有关移动台是否可以接收消息的信息(例如是否禁止用户接收MTSM)。在该例子中为了询问HLR12，由GMSC10向HLR12发送一条叫做“短消息的发送路由信息”的GSM MAP消息。通过例如将MS I SDN转换成CCITTNO.7地址，用于询问的适合的HLR可以使用接收者的MSISDN来确定。
从HLR12接收到路由信息(例如被访MSC号码和IMSI)后，GMSC10向当前为接收者的移动台MS-B16服务的被访MSC/VLR14转发该消息。注意为了简便起见，图2中将访问者位置寄存器(VLR)与移动交换中心合在一起，尽管实际上这两个节点在物理上可以是分离的。VLR管理与当前位于它所负责区域内的用户(例如那些漫游到该VLR服务区的用户)的数据。VLR以来自用户的归属位置寄存器的信息进行更新。为了处理SMS消息，VLR还存储一条关于是否移动台对某一MTSM传送不可到达的指示。VLR将会通知HLR随后何时可以向移动台传送MTSM。
这样，经基站(未示出)通过空中接口将消息传送到MS-B16。然后通过节点链回送确认信号。
如上所述，传统的基于GSM的网络不能够提供使用非话音连接传送紧急消息的方法。典型地，当使用蜂窝或无线电话时，人们为了获得援助必须向紧急救援运营者讲话并给出位置信息。紧急救援运营者目前只监测语音呼叫；除了语音之外的其他类型的紧急呼叫监测一般不可能提供。
本发明提供一种方法，通过它呼叫者能够通过蜂窝或无线电话向紧急救援运营者发送特殊的紧急消息。这类消息可能包括例如使用来自包含在移动台内的全球定位系统(GPS)接收机的数据得到的呼叫者的地理位置、电子邮件、或来自与移动台通信的其他系统的诊断信息(如医疗数据)。
为了提供紧急数据消息传送进程，本发明给传统的基于GSM的紧急呼叫进程增加两个新参数。如上所述，所述的建立原因典型地为以下原因之一：应答寻呼、呼叫重新建立、紧急呼叫、始发数据呼叫、始发语音呼叫、位置更新、和在单独专用控制信道(SDCCH)上完成的进程。本发明增加一个新原因，即紧急SDCCH进程原因，以便向网络表明移动台想建立在SDCCH上完成的紧急呼叫进程。
另外，给业务请求消息(即CM业务请求：CM SERVICE REQUEST)增加一种新业务类型以便识别移动台所请求的业务是紧急短消息业务。这样，就可能使用短消息业务建立紧急呼叫，甚至在这些情况下也可以建立：移动台位于禁止较低优先级通信的地理区域、用户的预约受限、或用户没有预约身份模块(SIM)卡、或SIM卡损坏。
图3说明根据本发明的一个示范紧急数据消息传送进程。当移动台发起一个呼叫，由移动台向网络发送一条信道请求(CHANNLEREQUEST)消息(步骤310)。当移动台正在请求本发明的紧急SMS进程时，包含在信道请求(CHANNLE REQUEST)消息内的建立原因表明需要一个紧急SDCCH进程。
响应信道请求(CHANNLE REQUEST)，网络向移动台发送一条立即分配(IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT)消息(步骤320)。与传统紧急呼叫进程类似，立即分配(IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT)消息指示移动台到一个可以进行呼叫建立的专用控制信道。
接受立即分配(IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT)消息之后，移动台向网络发送一条CM业务请求(CM SERVICE REQUEST)消息(步骤330)。根据本发明，CM业务类型被规定为“紧急短消息业务”。这样，来自移动台的紧急数据消息被赋予优先级并发送到例如一个紧急消息中心。然后紧急消息中心可以及时提供必要的援助。
根据本发明，赋予了呼叫者向紧急救援运营者发送一条特殊紧急消息的能力。本发明规定数字无线系统(例如基于GSM的系统)的延伸，以便包括紧急短消息业务。市政府可以使用该业务监测发送的消息以便为公众提供改善的紧急援助接入。
本发明对那些具有特殊健康问题的人有特别的价值，例如老人、单独在家的孩子、或需要高度人身安全的任何人。本技术领域的专业人员将理解，本发明的可能用户包括：癫痫或哮喘或心力衰竭病人或其他妨碍他们直接与紧急救援运营者讲话的情况；放学后单独在家而在紧急情况下可能需要呼叫以请求救助的小孩；受袭击者威胁而不能直接与紧急救援运营者讲话的人；或在野外具有配备GPS接收机电话并有紧急情况的人。
在与下面权利要求描述的本发明的精神或范围不相背离的情况下，本技术领域的专业人员可能设计出上述技术教导的许多变化和组合。

Claims (14)

1.一种从无线通信网络中的移动台发送紧急消息的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
从所述移动台发送一条表明一个紧急单独专用控制信道进程的信道请求；
响应所述信道请求，在所述移动台接收一条分配消息，所述分配消息将所述移动台指引到一个专用逻辑信道；以及
响应该分配消息，发送一条表明紧急短消息业务的CM业务请求；
其中所述移动台使用短消息业务来发送至少一条紧急消息。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中所述移动台是无线电话。
3.权利要求1的方法，其中所述至少一条紧急消息表明所述移动台的位置。
4.权利要求1的方法，其中所述至少一条紧急消息表明医疗诊断信息。
5.权利要求1的方法，其中所述专用控制信道用于呼叫建立。
6.一种从无线通信网络中的移动台发送紧急消息的系统，所述系统包括：
一种发射机，被配置成从所述移动台发送一条表明一个紧急单独专用控制信道进程的信道请求；
一种接收机，被配置成响应所述信道请求而在所述移动台接收一条分配消息，所述分配消息将所述移动台指引到一个专用逻辑信道；
所述的发射机响应该分配消息，发送一条表明一条紧急短消息业务的CM业务请求；和
其中所述移动台利用短消息业务发送至少一条紧急消息。
7.权利要求6的系统，其中所述移动台是无线电话。
8.权利要求6的系统，其中所述至少一条紧急消息表明所述移动台的位置。
9.权利要求6的系统，其中所述至少一条紧急消息表明医疗诊断信息。
10.权利要求6的系统，其中所述专用控制信道用于呼叫建立。
11.权利要求1的方法，其中所述至少一条紧急数据消息被赋予与语音紧急呼叫相同的到所述无线通信网络的接入条件，以及其中，该方法还包括利用短消息业务向紧急操作员发送所述的至少一条紧急数据消息。
12.权利要求11的方法，其中所述移动台是无线电话。
13.权利要求11的方法，其中所述至少一条紧急数据消息表明所述移动台的位置。
14.权利要求11的方法，其中所述至少一条紧急数据消息表明医疗诊断信息。
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