CN112324394A - Direct-drive oil pumping unit - Google Patents
Direct-drive oil pumping unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112324394A CN112324394A CN202011294616.6A CN202011294616A CN112324394A CN 112324394 A CN112324394 A CN 112324394A CN 202011294616 A CN202011294616 A CN 202011294616A CN 112324394 A CN112324394 A CN 112324394A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- pulley
- pumping unit
- movable pulley
- driving motor
- wire rope
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
- E21B43/127—Adaptations of walking-beam pump systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-drive oil pumping unit which comprises a support upright post, wherein a driving motor, a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel are arranged on the support upright post, and a first steel wire rope and a second steel wire rope are wound on the driving motor. First wire rope is connected with first leading wheel, and first leading wheel below is equipped with first movable pulley and first fixed pulley, and the balancing weight is installed in first movable pulley below. The second wire rope is connected with the second guide wheel, a second fixed pulley and a second movable pulley are arranged below the second guide wheel, the second fixed pulley is fixed on the ground, the second movable pulley is hinged to one end of the walking beam, the other end of the walking beam is provided with a horse head, and a sucker rod is mounted on the horse head. Through loose pulley assembly and lever structure greatly reduced driving motor's moment of torsion demand, improve through the balancing weight simultaneously and lift oil well load, reduce the energy consumption. The structure is easily adjusted, the automatic management mode of being convenient for, and work efficiency is high, increases manual intervention process at the treater end simultaneously, guarantees that the beam-pumping unit is in best operating condition constantly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pumping units, and particularly relates to a direct-drive pumping unit.
Background
The existing beam-pumping unit adopts a common asynchronous motor to decelerate a high-speed rotator through a transmission belt and a three-shaft two-stage decelerator, and then a crank and a connecting rod mechanism change the rotary motion into the up-and-down swing of a beam. The rope hanger hung on the horse head reciprocates up and down through the plunger piston to realize all-weather oil extraction. The speed reducer has low transmission efficiency, large power consumption and high operation and maintenance cost.
People have developed the direct drive type pumping unit on the basis of the beam pumping unit, the transmission system of the existing direct drive type pumping unit has a simple structure, a permanent magnet motor is generally adopted to directly drive a hoisting wheel, the upper and lower reciprocating motion of a pumping rod and a counterweight is driven, and the energy-saving effect is obvious. But also has its shortcoming, and most external rotor motor direct drive formula beam-pumping unit can't realize carrying the counter weight by oneself, need with the help of hoist assistance can, has reduced the practicality on certain lamination degree. And energy consumption is reduced only through the pulley block, the torque requirement on the driving motor is still very high, and the energy-saving efficiency of the direct-drive oil pumping unit is needed to be further improved. In addition, the pumping unit is heavy machinery, and the upper and lower stroke that need adjust the sucker rod through the manual work leads to work efficiency to reduce, is necessary to make the pumping unit easily adjust, convenient automated management.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a direct-drive oil pumping unit which has a good energy-saving effect, small torque demand on a driving motor, good stability, high adjustment flexibility and convenience for automatic control.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a direct drive type oil pumping machine is characterized by comprising a supporting stand column, wherein a transmission assembly is arranged on the supporting stand column, the transmission assembly comprises a driving motor, a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel, a first steel wire rope and a second steel wire rope are wound on the driving motor, the first steel wire rope is connected with the first guide wheel, a first pulley block is arranged below the first guide wheel and comprises a first movable pulley and a first fixed pulley, the first steel wire rope sequentially penetrates through the first movable pulley and the first fixed pulley, a balancing weight is arranged below the first movable pulley,
the second wire rope is connected with the second guide wheel, second guide wheel below is equipped with second loose pulley assembly, second loose pulley assembly includes second fixed pulley and second movable pulley, the second fixed pulley is fixed subaerial, the second movable pulley articulates the one end at the walking beam, the other end of walking beam is equipped with the horse head, install the sucker rod on the horse head, the walking beam articulates on lifting support.
In the direct-drive pumping unit, the distance from the lifting support to the horse head is smaller than the distance from the lifting support to the second movable pulley.
In the direct-drive pumping unit, the driving motor is mounted at the bottom of the support upright, the pumping unit further comprises a second pulley assembly, the second pulley assembly comprises a third fixed pulley, a third movable pulley, a fourth fixed pulley and a fourth movable pulley, the third fixed pulley and the fourth fixed pulley are mounted at the top of the support upright, the driving motor is sequentially connected with the fourth fixed pulley, the third movable pulley and the third fixed pulley through a third steel wire rope, the balancing weight is mounted below the third movable pulley, the driving motor is connected with the fourth movable pulley through a fourth steel wire rope, and the fourth movable pulley is mounted at one end of the walking beam.
In the direct-drive pumping unit, the driving motor is provided with a frequency converter and an encoder, the oil outlet pipe is provided with a flow meter, and the encoder and the flow meter are electrically connected to a processor.
In the direct-drive pumping unit, a support table is arranged on the lifting support, the walking beam is hinged on the support table and comprises an outer beam and an inner beam, a guide device is arranged between the outer beam and the inner beam and comprises a second driving motor, a gear and a rack, the second driving motor is fixedly arranged on the outer beam, a transmission shaft of the second driving motor penetrates through the outer wall of the outer beam and is connected with the gear, the rack is arranged on the side wall of the inner beam, and the gear is meshed with the rack.
In the direct-drive pumping unit, the inner beam is mounted on the outer beam through a support device, the support device comprises an upper support device and a lower support device, the upper support device comprises a first fixed seat, a second fixed seat and a connecting rod, the first fixed seat is fixed at one end of the inner beam, the second fixed seat is mounted at one end of the outer beam, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first fixed seat, a through hole is formed in the second fixed seat, and the connecting rod passes through the through hole and is slidably mounted in the second fixed seat.
In the direct-drive pumping unit, the lower support device comprises a support frame and a telescopic rod, the support frame is arranged at the bottom of the outer beam through a reinforcing rod, one end of the telescopic rod is hinged on the support frame, and the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged at the bottom of the inner beam.
In the direct-drive pumping unit, the inner beam is provided with a limiting plate, the outer beam is internally provided with a positioning plate, the positioning plate is provided with a sensor, and the sensor is connected with the processor.
In the direct-drive pumping unit, the sucker rod is of a cylindrical structure, the upper part of the sucker rod is provided with a hoop, the lower part of the sucker rod is provided with a one-way infiltration valve, the lower end of the one-way infiltration valve is connected with a connecting rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod is connected with an oil well pump, the outer ring of the sucker rod is provided with an oil pipe, the top end of the oil pipe is provided with a three-way pipe, and the left side of the three-way pipe is provided with an oil outlet pipe.
The direct-drive oil pumping unit has the following beneficial effects:
(1) through loose pulley assembly and lever structure greatly reduced driving motor's moment of torsion demand, improve through the balancing weight simultaneously and lift oil well load, reduce the energy consumption.
(2) The second movable pulley adopts a downward pulling movement mode, so that the gravity factors of the second movable pulley and the walking beam are eliminated, and the torque requirement of the driving motor is further reduced.
(3) The height of the walking beam can be adjusted through the lifting support, so that the stroke of the sucker rod can be adjusted. Simultaneously, the length of the force arm on the left side of the lifting support can be prolonged as far as possible through the telescopic mode of the inner beam and the outer beam, the stroke of the sucker rod can be adjusted, and the torque requirement of a driving motor can be reduced.
(4) The structure is easily adjusted, the automatic management mode of being convenient for, and work efficiency is high, increases manual intervention process at the treater end simultaneously, guarantees that the beam-pumping unit is in best operating condition constantly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the direct-drive pumping unit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1, showing primarily the structure of the drive motor and guide wheel;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving motor of the direct drive pumping unit of the present invention disposed at the bottom of the supporting upright;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the lifting bracket of FIG. 1, mainly illustrating the internal structure of the walking beam;
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the portion B of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is an automatic control system of the direct drive pumping unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The direct drive pumping unit of the present invention as shown in fig. 1 to 8 comprises a support column 10, wherein a transmission assembly is disposed on the support column 10, and the transmission assembly comprises a driving motor 11, a first guide wheel 12 and a second guide wheel 121. The guide wheel plays the effect of supplementary tensioning and guide, avoids wire rope adhesion, lap winding phenomenon to appear, guarantees the stability of wire rope work.
The driving motor 11 is wound with a first wire rope 13 and a second wire rope 14. First wire rope 13 is connected with first leading wheel 12, and first leading wheel 12 below is equipped with first assembly pulley, and first assembly pulley includes first movable pulley 15 and first fixed pulley 16, and first wire rope 13 passes first movable pulley 15 and first fixed pulley 16 in proper order, and balancing weight 17 installs in first movable pulley 15 below. The torque of the driving motor for pulling the counterweight 17 is effectively reduced through the combination of the fixed pulley and the movable pulley.
The up-and-down motion of balancing weight 17 and sucker rod 22 can be driven through the positive and negative rotation of driving motor 11, and driving motor 11 corotation drives balancing weight 17 upward movement through first wire rope 13, through first fixed pulley 16 and first movable pulley 15, greatly reduced the demand to the motor moment of torsion, sucker rod 22 moves down under the action of gravity of horse head 21 simultaneously. When the driving motor 11 rotates reversely, the counterweight 17 descends, the second movable pulley 19 descends under the action of the counterweight 17 and the driving motor 11, the sucker rod 22 moves upwards, the gravity influence of the second movable pulley 19 and the walking beam 20 is overcome, the energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the load of the lifting oil well is improved.
The balancing weight 17 can increase the lifting load, reduce the torque demand of the motor, and simultaneously, the upper stroke time and the lower stroke time of the sucker rod can be conveniently adjusted to be consistent through the synergistic effect of the balancing weight 17 and the driving motor 11.
Be equipped with brace table 231 on the lifting support 23, walking beam 20 articulates on brace table 231, lifting support 23 sets up to two, arranges respectively in the both sides of walking beam 20, guarantees the stability of walking beam 20 work. The walking beam 20 comprises an outer beam 201 and an inner beam 202, a guide device is arranged between the outer beam 201 and the inner beam 202, the guide device comprises a second driving motor 41, a gear 42 and a rack 43, the second driving motor 41 is fixedly mounted on the outer beam 201, a transmission shaft of the second driving motor 41 penetrates through the outer wall of the outer beam 201 and is connected with the gear 42, the rack 43 is mounted on the side wall of the inner beam 202, and the gear 42 is meshed with the rack 43. Through the transmission mode of rack and pinion, the flexible of control inner beam 202 in outer beam 201, the arm of force length of adjustment lever subassembly to reach and reduce the motor moment of torsion.
The inner beam 202 is installed on the outer beam 201 through a supporting device, the supporting device comprises an upper supporting device and a lower supporting device, the upper supporting device comprises a first fixing seat 44, a second fixing seat 45 and a connecting rod 46, the first fixing seat 44 is fixed at one end of the inner beam 202, the second fixing seat 45 is installed at one end of the outer beam 201, the connecting rod 46 is fixedly connected with the first fixing seat 44, for example, welded and fixed, a through hole is formed in the second fixing seat 45, and the connecting rod 46 penetrates through the through hole and is slidably installed in the second fixing seat 45.
The lower supporting device comprises a supporting frame 47 and an expansion link 48, the supporting frame 47 is mounted at the bottom of the outer beam 201 through a reinforcing rod 49, one end of the expansion link 48 is hinged on the supporting frame 47, and the other end of the expansion link 48 is hinged at the bottom of the inner beam 202. Support the inner beam through last strutting arrangement and bottom suspension device can be fine, guarantee the flexible stability of inner beam 202 in outer beam 201, the flexible distance of inner beam 202 is far away, and lever adjustment is effectual.
A limiting plate 203 is arranged on the inner beam 202, a positioning plate 204 is arranged in the outer beam 201, a sensor 205 is arranged on the positioning plate 204, and the sensor 205 is connected with the processor. When the inner beam 202 extends outwards, the limiting plate 203 moves along with the inner beam to contact with the sensor 205, the sensor 205 receives a signal and transmits the signal to the processor, and the processor controls the second driving motor 41 to stop moving.
The sucker rod 22 is a cylindrical structure, the upper part of the sucker rod 22 is provided with a binding hoop 24, the lower part of the sucker rod 22 is provided with a one-way infiltration valve 25, crude oil backflow can be avoided, the lower end of the one-way infiltration valve 25 is connected with a connecting rod 26, the bottom end of the connecting rod 26 is connected with an oil well pump 27, the connecting rod 26 is driven by the sucker rod 22 to be lifted up and down, crude oil extraction is carried out through the oil well pump 27, the outer ring of the sucker rod 22 is provided with an oil pipe 28, the top end of the oil pipe 28 is provided with. The pumping rod 22 is controlled to move up and down by the direct driving mode of the driving motor 11, so that crude oil is pumped, and the stability is good.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the present invention, in which a driving motor 11 of a pumping unit is disposed at the bottom of a support column 10. Including driving motor 11, support post 10, sucker rod 22, balancing weight 17, second loose pulley assembly and lever subassembly, driving motor 11 is located support post 10's bottom, second loose pulley assembly includes third fixed pulley 51, third movable pulley 52, fourth fixed pulley 53 and fourth movable pulley 54, third fixed pulley 51 and fourth fixed pulley 54 are installed at support post 10's top, driving motor 11 connects gradually fourth fixed pulley 53, third movable pulley 52 and third fixed pulley 51 through third wire rope 55, balancing weight 17 installs the below of third movable pulley 52, driving motor 11 passes through fourth wire rope 56 and connects fourth movable pulley 54, fourth movable pulley 54 is installed the one end of walking beam 20.
The driving motor 11 is located at the bottom of the support upright 10 for the convenience of installation and maintenance of personnel, and the working principle is consistent with that of the first embodiment. In addition, through reasonable layout, two guide wheels are omitted, and the installation cost is reduced.
Fig. 5 shows an automatic management schematic diagram of the pumping unit of the present invention, which includes a frequency converter, a driving motor and a pumping unit, wherein parameters of the flow rate of oil in the pumping unit and the rotation direction and speed of the driving motor are obtained through a flow meter and an encoder, and are transmitted to a processor together with the parameters of the driving motor, the processor adjusts the parameters of the frequency converter according to a preset program, a manual intervention process is added during the adjustment of the frequency converter by the processor, and the parameters are further adjusted on the parameters given by the processor to make the pumping unit in an optimal state through the working experience of a manager and the actual operation condition of the pumping unit. And a manual intervention process is added on the basis of automatic management, so that the stable operation of the pumping unit is further ensured, and the working efficiency is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A direct drive type oil pumping machine is characterized by comprising a supporting stand column, wherein a transmission assembly is arranged on the supporting stand column, the transmission assembly comprises a driving motor, a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel, a first steel wire rope and a second steel wire rope are wound on the driving motor, the first steel wire rope is connected with the first guide wheel, a first pulley block is arranged below the first guide wheel and comprises a first movable pulley and a first fixed pulley, the first steel wire rope sequentially penetrates through the first movable pulley and the first fixed pulley, a balancing weight is arranged below the first movable pulley,
the second wire rope is connected with the second guide wheel, second guide wheel below is equipped with second loose pulley assembly, second loose pulley assembly includes second fixed pulley and second movable pulley, the second fixed pulley is fixed subaerial, the second movable pulley articulates the one end at the walking beam, the other end of walking beam is equipped with the horse head, install the sucker rod on the horse head, the walking beam articulates on lifting support.
2. The direct drive pumping unit of claim 1, wherein the distance from the lifting bracket to the horse head is less than the distance from the lifting bracket to the second movable sheave.
3. The direct-drive pumping unit of claim 1, wherein the driving motor is installed at the bottom of the supporting column, the pumping unit further comprises a second pulley assembly, the second pulley assembly comprises a third fixed pulley, a third movable pulley, a fourth fixed pulley and a fourth movable pulley, the third fixed pulley and the fourth fixed pulley are installed at the top of the supporting column, the driving motor is sequentially connected with the fourth fixed pulley, the third movable pulley and the third fixed pulley through a third steel wire rope, the counterweight is installed below the third movable pulley, the driving motor is connected with the fourth movable pulley through a fourth steel wire rope, and the fourth movable pulley is installed at one end of the walking beam.
4. The direct-drive pumping unit of claim 1, wherein the pumping rod is a cylindrical structure, a knot hoop is arranged at the upper part of the pumping rod, a one-way infiltration valve is arranged at the lower part of the pumping rod, a connecting rod is connected to the lower end of the one-way infiltration valve, an oil pump is connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod, an oil pipe is arranged on the outer ring of the pumping rod, a three-way pipe is arranged at the top end of the oil pipe, and an oil outlet pipe is arranged on the left side of the three-way pipe.
5. The direct-drive pumping unit of claim 4, wherein the driving motor is provided with a frequency converter and an encoder, the oil outlet pipe is provided with a flow meter, and the encoder and the flow meter are electrically connected to the processor.
6. The direct-drive pumping unit according to claim 5, wherein a support platform is arranged on the lifting support, the walking beam is hinged to the support platform, the walking beam comprises an outer beam and an inner beam, a guide device is arranged between the outer beam and the inner beam, the guide device comprises a second drive motor, a gear and a rack, the second drive motor is fixedly mounted on the outer beam, a transmission shaft of the second drive motor penetrates through the outer wall of the outer beam and is connected with the gear, the rack is mounted on the side wall of the inner beam, and the gear is meshed with the rack.
7. The direct-drive pumping unit according to claim 6, wherein the inner beam is mounted on the outer beam through a support device, the support device comprises an upper support device and a lower support device, the upper support device comprises a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat and a connecting rod, the first fixing seat is fixed at one end of the inner beam, the second fixing seat is mounted at one end of the outer beam, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first fixing seat, a through hole is formed in the second fixing seat, and the connecting rod passes through the through hole and is slidably mounted in the second fixing seat.
8. The direct-drive pumping unit according to claim 7, wherein the lower supporting device comprises a supporting frame and a telescopic rod, the supporting frame is mounted at the bottom of the outer beam through a reinforcing rod, one end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the supporting frame, and the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the bottom of the inner beam.
9. The direct-drive pumping unit according to claim 6, wherein the inner beam is provided with a limiting plate, the outer beam is provided with a positioning plate, the positioning plate is provided with a sensor, and the sensor is connected with the processor.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202011294616.6A CN112324394A (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Direct-drive oil pumping unit |
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CN202011294616.6A CN112324394A (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Direct-drive oil pumping unit |
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CN202011294616.6A Pending CN112324394A (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Direct-drive oil pumping unit |
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CN111691859A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-09-22 | 山东创新石油技术有限公司 | Electric control reversing pumping unit without speed reducer |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |