CN112324383A - Plugging method for permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well - Google Patents
Plugging method for permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well Download PDFInfo
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- CN112324383A CN112324383A CN202011342491.XA CN202011342491A CN112324383A CN 112324383 A CN112324383 A CN 112324383A CN 202011342491 A CN202011342491 A CN 202011342491A CN 112324383 A CN112324383 A CN 112324383A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/134—Bridging plugs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plugging method of a permanently abandoned oil-gas well, which implements a mode of layered cementing plugging and mechanical plugging, wherein a production zone, a cover layer and a fresh water layer are respectively plugged by using a retainer and a bridge plug, and once the cement sealing fails, the retainer and the bridge plug can provide good guarantee for the sealing property of a shaft, thereby fundamentally avoiding the occurrence of oil-gas channeling. And a well sealing program from bottom to top is adopted to sequentially seal the producing zone and the cover layer well section, so that an oil-gas upward-flowing channel is thoroughly sealed, a fresh water layer is protected, and the long-term and effectiveness of sealing are further ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the oil drilling industry, in particular to a plugging method of a permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well.
Background
The plugging of oil-gas-water wells involves many aspects, such as some production stopping wells and waste reporting wells, permanent plugging needs to be implemented, and the plugging of old wells is the first problem when a gas storage reservoir is rebuilt by using exhausted or semi-exhausted oil-gas reservoirs. The old well plugging generally adopts superfine cement to plug a production zone, common slurry to plug a cover layer and then is matched with a cement retainer, so that the plugging construction is effectively carried out and the tightness of plugging is ensured.
However, the existing technical measures are difficult to ensure the long-term effectiveness of plugging, and some wells have oil-gas channeling in years or even months after plugging is implemented, which directly causes plugging failure. With the diversification of urban construction, some wells occupy the space of urban development, and permanent plugging is required to be implemented to guarantee the urban construction; in some environmentally sensitive areas, such as loess plateau in northern Shaanxi, permanent plugging of wells in the area is also required to protect water resources. These new situations require not only complete plugging of the wellbore, but also protection of the municipal fresh water layer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a plugging method of a permanently abandoned oil-gas water well, which ensures the long-term and effectiveness of plugging, protects a fresh water layer and ensures the needs of oil fields and urban construction.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for plugging a permanently abandoned oil-gas water well implements a mode of layered cementing plugging and mechanical plugging, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) plugging a producing zone: directly injecting cement slurry to the lower perforation layer of the production layer for plugging, and extruding and injecting superfine cement slurry to the upper perforation layer by using a cement retainer for plugging;
(2) capping and plugging: if the continuous well cementation high-quality section of more than 20m is arranged below the oil top above the cover layer or the well cementation quality qualified section of 200m is arranged between the oil top and the top of the cover layer, directly injecting cement slurry to the position of the cover layer for plugging; otherwise, firstly, lowering the bridge plug 15-20m below the position of the cover layer, then forging and milling the sleeve 25m, and performing open hole cement slurry injection plugging;
(3) plugging a fresh water layer: at least 30m below the bottom of the fresh water layer, placing a bridge plug at the position where the casing cementing quality is qualified, and injecting cement slurry to the upper part of the bridge plug to block the bottom of the fresh water layer; if the well cementation quality is unqualified or no well cementation is carried out, firstly, a bridge plug is put down, then, cement slurry is perforated and extruded to fix a casing, then, a 25m casing is forged and milled, then, cement slurry is injected for plugging, and the thickness of the cement plug is not less than 50 m.
And (2) directly injecting cement slurry into a perforated layer at the lower part of the production layer in the step (1) for plugging, wherein the cement slurry is injected from bottom to top in sequence, the ash plug covers at least 50m below the bottom boundary and at least 50m above the top boundary of the perforated section, and the total thickness of the ash plug is not less than 100 m.
The thickness of primary cement paste is not more than 300m, and segmented cement paste plugging is carried out if the length of the perforated segment exceeds 300 m.
In the step (1), the sealing position of the retainer seat is 15m above the top of the uppermost perforation layer, the sealing radius of the superfine cement paste extruded at the lower part of the retainer is 0.5m-2m, and the thickness of the cement plug at the upper part of the retainer is at least 50 m.
The particle diameter D of the superfine cement paste particles50≤10um，D90Less than or equal to 20 um; the rheological property n is more than or equal to 0.50, and the K is less than or equal to 0.70 Pa.Sn。
Directly injecting cement slurry to block the cover layer in the step (2) to form a cement plug with the thickness not less than 50 m; and (3) grouting slurry for plugging after the cover layer is forged and milled, wherein the thickness of the ash plug covers at least 30m below the bottom boundary and at least 30m above the top boundary of the forged and milled well section, and the thickness of the ash plug is not less than 60 m.
The cement slurry required by the cover layer plugging uses low-permeability and micro-expansion cement slurry, and the permeability of the set cement is less than or equal to 0.05 multiplied by 10-3um2The linear expansion rate of the set cement is more than or equal to 0.02 percent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the mode of combining layered cement injection plugging and mechanical plugging is adopted, a production layer, a cover layer and a fresh water layer are respectively plugged by using a retainer and a bridge plug, and once the cement sealing fails, the retainer and the bridge plug can provide good guarantee for the sealing performance of a shaft, so that oil-gas channeling is fundamentally avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a well bore before plugging;
figure 2 well bore structure diagram after plugging.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a plugging method of a permanently abandoned oil-gas water well, which implements a mode of layered cementing plugging and mechanical plugging, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) plugging a producing zone: directly injecting cement slurry to the lower perforation layer of the production layer for plugging, and extruding and injecting superfine cement slurry to the upper perforation layer by using a cement retainer for plugging;
(2) capping and plugging: if the continuous well cementation high-quality section of more than 20m is arranged below the oil top above the cover layer or the well cementation quality qualified section of 200m is arranged between the oil top and the top of the cover layer, directly injecting cement slurry to the position of the cover layer for plugging; otherwise, firstly, lowering the bridge plug 15-20m below the position of the cover layer, then forging and milling the sleeve 25m, and performing open hole cement slurry injection plugging;
(3) plugging a fresh water layer: at least 30m below the bottom of the fresh water layer, placing a bridge plug at the position where the casing cementing quality is qualified, and injecting cement slurry to the upper part of the bridge plug to block the bottom of the fresh water layer; if the well cementation quality is unqualified or no well cementation is carried out, firstly, a bridge plug is put down, then, cement slurry is perforated and extruded to fix a casing, then, a 25m casing is forged and milled, then, cement slurry is injected for plugging, and the thickness of the cement plug is not less than 50 m.
And (2) directly injecting cement slurry into a perforated layer at the lower part of the production layer in the step (1) for plugging, wherein the cement slurry is injected from bottom to top in sequence, the ash plug covers at least 50m below the bottom boundary and at least 50m above the top boundary of the perforated section, and the total thickness of the ash plug is not less than 100 m.
The thickness of primary cement paste is not more than 300m, and segmented cement paste plugging is carried out if the length of the perforated segment exceeds 300 m.
In the step (1), the sealing position of the retainer seat is 15m above the top of the uppermost perforation layer, the sealing radius of the superfine cement paste extruded at the lower part of the retainer is 0.5m-2m, and the thickness of the cement plug at the upper part of the retainer is at least 50 m.
The particle diameter D of the superfine cement paste particles50≤10um，D90Less than or equal to 20 um; the rheological property n is more than or equal to 0.50, and the K is less than or equal to 0.70 Pa.Sn。
Directly injecting cement slurry to block the cover layer in the step (2) to form a cement plug with the thickness not less than 50 m; and (3) grouting slurry for plugging after the cover layer is forged and milled, wherein the thickness of the ash plug covers at least 30m below the bottom boundary and at least 30m above the top boundary of the forged and milled well section, and the thickness of the ash plug is not less than 60 m.
The cement slurry required by the cover layer plugging uses low-permeability and micro-expansion cement slurry, and the permeability of the set cement is less than or equal to 0.05 multiplied by 10-3um2The linear expansion rate of the set cement is more than or equal to 0.02 percent.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
1. 'three plugs' thoroughly block the fluid upward moving channel
Squeezing and plugging cement paste in a producing zone to block oil, gas and water fluid which are possibly generated in the formation; the cover layer is plugged by low-permeability and micro-expansion cement slurry, so that the permeability of set cement is reduced, the cementing quality is ensured, and formation fluid is effectively prevented from moving upwards; the bottom of the fresh water layer is plugged, so that the civil water layer is effectively protected.
2. Mechanical barrier with 'retainer + bridge plug' firmness
The production zone, the cover layer and the fresh water layer are respectively plugged by using a retainer and a bridge plug, and once the cement seal fails, the retainer, the cover layer and the fresh water layer provide good guarantee for the sealing performance of the shaft.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to three open wells as an example (see fig. 1 and 2 for schematic diagrams before and after plugging).
The well was drilled in 7 months of 2003 to a depth of 1943 m. When the depth of the sleeve pipe is 113.51m, the cement is returned to the ground; the lower depth of a sleeve pipe with D177.8mm for secondary mining is 1796.33m, and the cement return depth is 819.2 m; and three openings are used for liner suspension well cementation, the running depth is 1742.31-1937.44m, and the cement return depth is 1738.68 m. Totally 3 perforation layers, the perforation well section is respectively: 1797.4-1805m, 1824-1827m, 1849-1856.4m, with the overlay positioned adjacent to the two-piece shoe.
Because the cover layer is close to the perforation layer, the length of the perforation section is small, the total sealing length of the cover layer and the perforation layer is less than 300m, the cement retainer blocks the perforation layer and the cover layer at one time, and then the fresh water layer is protected.
Ash plug 1: the position of the cement retainer is 1727m, and the ash-squeezing well section is 1627-1833 m;
ash plug 2: the ash injection well section is 600-869 m.
1. Plugging perforated well section
(1) And (3) drilling down to 1727m with the cement retainer, then extruding superfine cement paste to plug the shot hole layer, and determining the use amount of the cement paste and the construction pressure according to water absorption test data and the length of a sealing section.
(2) And (4) pulling out the insertion tube of the cement retainer, and injecting an expansion cement mortar plug at the top of the cement retainer, wherein the thickness is not less than 100 m.
(3) And (5) tripping until the distance is 20m above the plug surface, and circulating for more than one circle. Waiting for 48h, and performing plugging and pressure testing by adopting a pressurizing inspection method.
2. Plugging the bottom of the fresh water layer
(1) And (5) setting the bridge plug to 869m according to the cement height return and the casing cementing quality condition, and setting the bridge plug. And injecting ash to fill the plug above the bridge plug surface, wherein the thickness of the ash plug is not less than 250 m.
(2) And (5) tripping until the distance is 20m above the plug surface, and circulating for more than one circle. Waiting for 48h, and performing plugging and pressure testing by adopting a pressurizing inspection method.
In summary, the disclosure of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and persons skilled in the art can easily set forth other embodiments within the technical teaching of the present invention, but such embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A plugging method of a permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well is characterized by implementing a mode of layered cementing plugging and mechanical plugging, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) plugging a producing zone: directly injecting cement slurry to the lower perforation layer of the production layer for plugging, and extruding and injecting superfine cement slurry to the upper perforation layer by using a cement retainer for plugging;
(2) capping and plugging: if the continuous well cementation high-quality section of more than 20m is arranged below the oil top above the cover layer or the well cementation quality qualified section of 200m is arranged between the oil top and the top of the cover layer, directly injecting cement slurry to the position of the cover layer for plugging; otherwise, firstly, lowering the bridge plug 15-20m below the position of the cover layer, then forging and milling the sleeve 25m, and performing open hole cement slurry injection plugging;
(3) plugging a fresh water layer: at least 30m below the bottom of the fresh water layer, placing a bridge plug at the position where the casing cementing quality is qualified, and injecting cement slurry to the upper part of the bridge plug to block the bottom of the fresh water layer; if the well cementation quality is unqualified or no well cementation is carried out, firstly, a bridge plug is put down, then, cement slurry is perforated and extruded to fix a casing, then, a 25m casing is forged and milled, then, cement slurry is injected for plugging, and the thickness of the cement plug is not less than 50 m.
2. The method for plugging a permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well as defined in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the perforated layer at the lower part of the production zone is directly plugged by cement slurry, the cement plug covers at least 50m below the bottom boundary and at least 50m above the top boundary of the perforated section in a manner of sequentially injecting cement slurry from bottom to top, and the total thickness of the cement plug is not less than 100 m.
3. The plugging method of a permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the primary cementing slurry is not more than 300m, and the segmental cementing plugging is performed if the length of the perforated section exceeds 300 m.
4. The plugging method of permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well according to claim 1, wherein the sealing position of the retainer seat in the step (1) is 15m above the top of the uppermost perforation layer, the sealing radius of the ultra-fine cement paste is extruded in the lower part of the retainer, and the thickness of the cement plug in the upper part of the retainer is at least 50 m.
5. The method for plugging a permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size D of the ultra-fine cement paste particles is50≤10um，D90Less than or equal to 20 um; the rheological property n is more than or equal to 0.50, and the K is less than or equal to 0.70 Pa.Sn。
6. The plugging method of permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well according to claim 1, wherein the position of the cap layer in the step (2) is directly plugged by injecting cement slurry to form a cement plug with the thickness not less than 50 m; and (3) grouting slurry for plugging after the cover layer is forged and milled, wherein the thickness of the ash plug covers at least 30m below the bottom boundary and at least 30m above the top boundary of the forged and milled well section, and the thickness of the ash plug is not less than 60 m.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the slurry required for plugging the cap layer is low-permeability, micro-expansive slurry, and the cement stone permeability is less than or equal to 0.05 x 10-3um2The linear expansion rate of the set cement is more than or equal to 0.02 percent.
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| CN202011342491.XA CN112324383A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Plugging method for permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well |
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| CN202011342491.XA CN112324383A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Plugging method for permanently abandoned oil-gas-water well |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114961632A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-08-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Underground three-level environment-friendly treatment method for difficult and complicated well |
| CN115596395A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司（Cn） | Safe abandoned well plugging method |
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| CN115596395A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司（Cn） | Safe abandoned well plugging method |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |