CN112322998A - Bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112322998A CN112322998A CN202011316413.2A CN202011316413A CN112322998A CN 112322998 A CN112322998 A CN 112322998A CN 202011316413 A CN202011316413 A CN 202011316413A CN 112322998 A CN112322998 A CN 112322998A
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- bearing steel
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- dimensional stability
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
- C21D1/785—Thermocycling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing technology of bearing steel electroslag ingots with good dimensional stability, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.95-1.05% of carbon, 1.35-1.45% of chromium, 0.06-0.10% of molybdenum, 0.05-0.08% of nickel, 0.20-0.40% of silicon, 0.12-0.20% of manganese, 0.05-0.08% of copper, 0.015-0.035% of sulfur, 0.008-0.015% of cesium, 0.03-0.05% of arsenic, the balance being iron, and any unavoidable impurities. According to the invention, the cesium and arsenic are added, and the bearing steel electroslag ingot is subjected to high-low temperature alternative post-treatment, so that the dimensional stability of the bearing steel electroslag ingot is obviously improved; and meanwhile, the dosage of the metal cesium is specifically analyzed, so that the optimal performance of the bearing steel is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearing steel, in particular to a bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability and a one-step material forming process thereof.
Background
Bearing steel is the steel used to make balls, rollers and bearing rings. Bearing steels have high and uniform hardness and wear resistance, as well as a high elastic limit. The requirements on the uniformity of chemical components of bearing steel, the content and distribution of non-metallic inclusions, the distribution of carbides and the like are all very strict, and the steel is one of the most strict steel types in all steel production. In 1976, the international organization for standardization ISO brought some universal bearing steel numbers into international standards, and the bearing steel was classified into 17 steel numbers in four categories, namely, full-quenched bearing steel, case-hardened bearing steel, stainless bearing steel, high-temperature bearing steel and the like.
The physical properties of the bearing steel mainly comprise the detection of a microstructure, a decarburized layer, nonmetallic inclusions and a macrostructure. Generally, they are delivered by hot rolling annealing and cold drawing annealing. The delivery status should be noted in the contract. The macrostructure of the steel must be free of shrinkage cavities, subcutaneous bubbles, white spots and microscopic pores. The center porosity, general porosity, should not exceed 1.5 grade, and segregation should not exceed 2 grade. The annealed structure of the steel material should be fine grained pearlite distributed uniformly. The depth of the decarburized layer, the non-metallic inclusions and the unevenness of carbides should meet the corresponding national standards.
During the storage (aging) stage of the bearing, the metastable structure transformation is accompanied by significant dimensional changes, i.e. the dimensional stability of the bearing steel is poor, while the dimensional stability of the precision bearing matrix directly affects the mounting quality and various properties of the bearing. It can be seen that the dimensional changes caused by the aging stage can cause the precision of the bearing to be reduced or even lost early in the early stage of use. Therefore, it is very significant and urgent to study the dimensional stability of the bearing steel, and it is necessary to study an electroslag ingot of the bearing steel with good dimensional stability.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability and a processing technology thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.95-1.05% of carbon, 1.35-1.45% of chromium, 0.06-0.10% of molybdenum, 0.05-0.08% of nickel, 0.20-0.40% of silicon, 0.12-0.20% of manganese, 0.05-0.08% of copper, 0.015-0.035% of sulfur, 0.008-0.015% of cesium, 0.03-0.05% of arsenic, the balance being iron, and any unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the content of said impurities is less than 0.2%.
A processing technology of bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability comprises the following steps:
(1) heating: feeding the bearing steel electroslag ingot into a heating furnace, heating for three sections, firstly heating and preserving heat for 2-2.5h at the furnace temperature of 900-;
(2) rolling: rolling the heated electroslag ingot by 750 rolling for 20-25 times, wherein the rolling intermediate size is 190 x 190, and the temperature of the intermediate billet is not lower than 950 ℃;
(3) cooling after rolling: processing rolled finished steel products, quickly collecting and packaging the finished products by a cooling bed, stacking the finished products to slow cooling equipment, and taking out the finished products when the temperature of the slow cooling equipment is lower than 300 ℃ to achieve stress relief;
(4) high-low temperature post-treatment: preserving heat for 60-90min at the temperature of 80-70 ℃ below zero, and then preserving heat for 240min at the temperature of 150-; repeating the low-temperature treatment and the high-temperature treatment for 3-5 times, and then cooling to room temperature.
The invention has the advantages that: the processing technology of the bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.95-1.05% of carbon, 1.35-1.45% of chromium, 0.06-0.10% of molybdenum, 0.05-0.08% of nickel, 0.20-0.40% of silicon, 0.12-0.20% of manganese, 0.05-0.08% of copper, 0.015-0.035% of sulfur, 0.008-0.015% of cesium, 0.03-0.05% of arsenic, the balance being iron, and any unavoidable impurities. According to the invention, the cesium and arsenic are added, and the bearing steel electroslag ingot is subjected to high-low temperature alternative post-treatment, so that the dimensional stability of the bearing steel electroslag ingot is obviously improved; and meanwhile, the dosage of the metal cesium is specifically analyzed, so that the optimal performance of the bearing steel is achieved.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.02% carbon, 1.41% chromium, 0.08% molybdenum, 0.06% nickel, 0.35% silicon, 0.17% manganese, 0.06% copper, 0.022% sulfur, 0.012% cesium, 0.04% arsenic, the balance iron, and any unavoidable impurities.
A processing technology of bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability comprises the following steps:
(1) heating: feeding the bearing steel electroslag ingot into a heating furnace, heating in three sections, firstly heating and keeping the temperature for 2.2h in a preheating section at 980 ℃, then entering a temperature rising section at 1235 ℃, heating and keeping the temperature for 3.3h, and finally feeding into a soaking section at 1218 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3.2 h;
(2) rolling: rolling the heated electroslag ingot by 750 rolling for 22 passes to obtain an intermediate blank with the intermediate size of 190 x 190, and ensuring that the temperature of the intermediate blank is not lower than 950 ℃;
(3) cooling after rolling: processing rolled finished steel products, quickly collecting and packaging the finished products by a cooling bed, stacking the finished products to slow cooling equipment, and taking out the finished products when the temperature of the slow cooling equipment is lower than 300 ℃ to achieve stress relief;
(4) high-low temperature post-treatment: preserving heat for 70min at the temperature of minus 75 ℃, and then preserving heat for 220min at the temperature of 160 ℃; repeating the low-temperature treatment and the high-temperature treatment for 4 times, and then cooling to room temperature.
Example 2:
the bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.05% carbon, 1.35% chromium, 0.10% molybdenum, 0.05% nickel, 0.40% silicon, 0.12% manganese, 0.08% copper, 0.015% sulfur, 0.015% cesium, 0.03% arsenic, the balance iron, and any unavoidable impurities.
The content of the impurities is less than 0.2 percent.
A processing technology of bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability comprises the following steps:
(1) heating: feeding the bearing steel electroslag ingot into a heating furnace, heating for three sections, firstly heating and keeping the temperature for 2 hours at the furnace temperature of 1100 ℃ in a preheating section, then feeding into a temperature rising section at the furnace temperature of 1250 ℃ for 3 hours, and finally feeding into a soaking section at the furnace temperature of 1230 ℃ for 3 hours;
(2) rolling: rolling the heated electroslag ingot by 750 rolling for 25 times, wherein the rolling intermediate size is 190 x 190, and the temperature of the intermediate billet is not lower than 950 ℃;
(3) cooling after rolling: processing rolled finished steel products, quickly collecting and packaging the finished products by a cooling bed, stacking the finished products to slow cooling equipment, and taking out the finished products when the temperature of the slow cooling equipment is lower than 300 ℃ to achieve stress relief;
(4) high-low temperature post-treatment: preserving heat for 60min at minus 80 ℃, and then preserving heat for 150min at 180 ℃; repeating the low-temperature treatment and the high-temperature treatment for 5 times, and then cooling to room temperature.
Example 3:
the bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.95% carbon, 1.45% chromium, 0.06% molybdenum, 0.08% nickel, 0.20% silicon, 0.20% manganese, 0.05% copper, 0.035% sulfur, 0.008% cesium, 0.05% arsenic, the balance iron, and any unavoidable impurities.
The content of the impurities is less than 0.2 percent.
A processing technology of bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability comprises the following steps:
(1) heating: feeding bearing steel electroslag ingots into a heating furnace, heating in three sections, firstly heating at 900 ℃ in a preheating section for 2.5h, then feeding into a temperature rising section at 1230 ℃ for 3.5h, and finally feeding into a soaking section at 1210 ℃ for 3.5 h;
(2) rolling: rolling the heated electroslag ingot for 20 passes through 750 rolling, wherein the rolling intermediate size is 190 x 190, and the temperature of the intermediate billet is not lower than 950 ℃;
(3) cooling after rolling: processing rolled finished steel products, quickly collecting and packaging the finished products by a cooling bed, stacking the finished products to slow cooling equipment, and taking out the finished products when the temperature of the slow cooling equipment is lower than 300 ℃ to achieve stress relief;
(4) high-low temperature post-treatment: keeping the temperature at-70 ℃ for 90min, and then keeping the temperature at 150 ℃ for 240 min; repeating the low-temperature treatment and the high-temperature treatment for 3 times, and then cooling to room temperature.
Comparative example 1
The content of the metal cesium in the example 1 is adjusted, the rest of the mixture ratio and the treatment process are unchanged, and the influence of the content of the metal cesium on the performance of the bearing steel is researched.
| Content of cesium% | 0 | 0.003 | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.011 | 0.015 | 0.020 |
| The size change rate is plus or minus percent | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3。 |
From the above test data, it can be known that the size stability of the bearing steel is affected by the content of cesium in the invention which is too low or too high.
Comparative example 2
The metal cesium in the embodiment 1 is respectively replaced by metal lithium, metal sodium and metal potassium, and the dimensional stability of the bearing steel is not greatly changed; therefore, the addition of the metal cesium can improve the dimensional stability of the bearing steel, belonging to the personality of the metal cesium, but not the commonality of the IA group metal.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.95-1.05% of carbon, 1.35-1.45% of chromium, 0.06-0.10% of molybdenum, 0.05-0.08% of nickel, 0.20-0.40% of silicon, 0.12-0.20% of manganese, 0.05-0.08% of copper, 0.015-0.035% of sulfur, 0.008-0.015% of cesium, 0.03-0.05% of arsenic, the balance being iron, and any unavoidable impurities.
2. The electroslag ingot of bearing steel with good dimensional stability as recited in claim 1, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 1.02% carbon, 1.41% chromium, 0.08% molybdenum, 0.06% nickel, 0.35% silicon, 0.17% manganese, 0.06% copper, 0.022% sulfur, 0.012% cesium, 0.04% arsenic, the balance iron, and any unavoidable impurities.
3. The electroslag ingot of bearing steel with good dimensional stability as recited in claim 1, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 1.05% carbon, 1.35% chromium, 0.10% molybdenum, 0.05% nickel, 0.40% silicon, 0.12% manganese, 0.08% copper, 0.015% sulfur, 0.015% cesium, 0.03% arsenic, the balance iron, and any unavoidable impurities.
4. The electroslag ingot of bearing steel with good dimensional stability as recited in claim 1, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 0.95% carbon, 1.45% chromium, 0.06% molybdenum, 0.08% nickel, 0.20% silicon, 0.20% manganese, 0.05% copper, 0.035% sulfur, 0.008% cesium, 0.05% arsenic, the balance iron, and any unavoidable impurities.
5. An electroslag ingot of bearing steel having good dimensional stability according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the content of impurities is less than 0.2%.
6. An electroslag ingot of bearing steel with good dimensional stability as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the processing technique comprises the following steps:
(1) heating: feeding the bearing steel electroslag ingot into a heating furnace, heating for three sections, firstly heating and preserving heat for 2-2.5h at the furnace temperature of 900-;
(2) rolling: rolling the heated electroslag ingot by 750 rolling for 20-25 times, wherein the rolling intermediate size is 190 x 190, and the temperature of the intermediate billet is not lower than 950 ℃;
(3) cooling after rolling: processing rolled finished steel products, quickly collecting and packaging the finished products by a cooling bed, stacking the finished products to slow cooling equipment, and taking out the finished products when the temperature of the slow cooling equipment is lower than 300 ℃ to achieve stress relief;
(4) high-low temperature post-treatment: preserving heat for 60-90min at the temperature of 80-70 ℃ below zero, and then preserving heat for 240min at the temperature of 150-; repeating the low-temperature treatment and the high-temperature treatment for 3-5 times, and then cooling to room temperature.
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| CN202011316413.2A CN112322998A (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability and processing technology thereof |
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| CN202011316413.2A CN112322998A (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Bearing steel electroslag ingot with good dimensional stability and processing technology thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102337462A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-02-01 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Production method for GCr15 bearing steel pipe |
| WO2017109233A1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-06-29 | Rovalma, S.A | Long durability high performance steel for structural, machine and tooling applications |
| CN108220560A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of high-temperature bearing steel part improves the cold cycling treatment technique of dimensional stability |
| CN108251757A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江富钢金属制品有限公司 | A kind of high-performance bearing steel ESR ingot and its one-heating forming technique containing ytterbium |
| CN111519001A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-11 | 山东理工大学 | Manufacturing method of small-size strong-toughness eccentric motor shaft |
-
2020
- 2020-11-23 CN CN202011316413.2A patent/CN112322998A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102337462A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-02-01 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Production method for GCr15 bearing steel pipe |
| WO2017109233A1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-06-29 | Rovalma, S.A | Long durability high performance steel for structural, machine and tooling applications |
| CN108251757A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江富钢金属制品有限公司 | A kind of high-performance bearing steel ESR ingot and its one-heating forming technique containing ytterbium |
| CN108220560A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of high-temperature bearing steel part improves the cold cycling treatment technique of dimensional stability |
| CN111519001A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-11 | 山东理工大学 | Manufacturing method of small-size strong-toughness eccentric motor shaft |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |