CN112322873A - Device and process for refining grains of low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe - Google Patents
Device and process for refining grains of low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN112322873A CN112322873A CN202010974488.3A CN202010974488A CN112322873A CN 112322873 A CN112322873 A CN 112322873A CN 202010974488 A CN202010974488 A CN 202010974488A CN 112322873 A CN112322873 A CN 112322873A
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- expansion
- alloy steel
- carbon
- steel pipe
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- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/10—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a process for refining crystal grains of a low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, which comprise a pipe expanding mechanism and a cold drawing mechanism; the tube expansion mechanism comprises an expansion shell, an expansion bead and an expansion rod; the expansion rod is in a straight rod-shaped structure; the front end of the expansion rod is in a conical structure; the expansion shell is of a cylindrical structure; the expansion shell is sleeved at the front end of the expansion rod; a plurality of kidney-shaped grooves are arranged on the expansion shell; the waist-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed at intervals around the expansion shell; the waist-shaped groove is internally embedded with an expansion bead; the inner side of the expansion bead is abutted against the expansion rod; the cold drawing mechanism comprises a cold drawing die and a clamp; the cold drawing die is provided with a conical converging hole; the outer diameter of the pipe is constricted by the constriction hole; the pipe is clamped and fixed by the clamp. The invention can be suitable for low-carbon low-alloy steel pipes with various sizes, is particularly suitable for industrial large-size steel pipes, the appearance and the size of the steel pipe are kept unchanged before and after grain refinement, the compressive strength of the steel pipe is twice of that before the grain refinement, the grain refinement effect is obviously improved, and the performance of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composite pipes, in particular to a device and a process for refining grains of a low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe.
Background
In recent years, in order to improve the service performance of the traditional low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe material, a great deal of research work is carried out by researchers at home and abroad to furthest develop the performance potential of the material, and the result shows that the grain refinement is the only strengthening mechanism capable of simultaneously improving the strength and the toughness of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe material. For ordinary carbon steel, the grain size of ferrite grains of the hot-rolled line steel pipe produced industrially at present is 30 μm, and the hot-rolled line steel pipe is obtained by completely recrystallizing high-temperature deformed austenite through rolling in a higher temperature region of the austenite and then transforming the austenite. In order to increase the yield strength of the carbon structural steel by at least one time, ferrite grains need to be refined to 4 to 5 μm.
The common grain refinement adopts the process of equal channel angular extrusion, and the equal channel angular extrusion is a method for realizing the refinement of the polycrystalline material by generating violent shearing deformation when the material passes through the intersection of right-angle channels under the action of pressure. However, the method is generally applicable to small-sized steel pipes with the diameter of 8-15mm, and for large-sized industrial steel pipes, the effect of grain refinement by equal-diameter angular extrusion is sharply reduced along with the increase of the size of the steel pipes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a device and a process for refining crystal grains of a low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, which solve the problems that the existing crystal grain refining process cannot adapt to a low-carbon low-alloy pipe with a larger pipe diameter and does not have a professional matched tool by optimizing the device for refining the crystal grains and matching with the process for refining the crystal grains.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a device for refining crystal grains of low-carbon low-alloy steel tube comprises
A pipe expanding mechanism; the tube expansion mechanism comprises an expansion shell, expansion beads and an expansion rod; the expansion rod is in a straight rod-shaped structure; the front end of the expansion rod is of a conical structure; the expansion shell is of a cylindrical structure; the expansion shell is sleeved at the front end of the expansion rod; a plurality of kidney-shaped grooves are formed in the expansion shell; the kidney-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the expansion shell at intervals; the expansion beads are embedded and installed in the waist-shaped groove; the inner sides of the expansion beads are abutted against the expansion rod, and the outer sides of the expansion beads are distributed in a conical shape;
and a cold drawing mechanism; the cold drawing mechanism comprises a cold drawing die and a clamp; the cold drawing die is provided with a conical converging hole; the outer diameter of the pipe is constricted by the constriction hole; the clamp clamps and fixes the pipe.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the taper of the front end of the expansion rod is 2 times of the inclination taper of the outer side of the expansion bead.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the number of the waist grooves is three or more.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal direction of the waist-shaped groove is inclined to the axial direction of the expansion rod.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the expansion bead is made of high-hardness alloy steel.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cone angle of the beam-converging hole is less than 15-45 °.
A low-carbon low-alloy steel tube grain refining process adopts the grain refining device; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, heating the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe to 900-;
and 2, rapidly cooling the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe to 500 ℃, and then reducing the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe to the original size through a cold drawing mechanism.
As the optimization of the grain refining process of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, when the pipe expanding mechanism expands the pipe in step 1, the expansion shell of the pipe expanding mechanism is plugged into the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, the expansion rod is pushed, the expansion beads extend out of the waist-shaped hole and abut against the inner wall of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, the expansion rod is driven by an external pipe expander to rotate and stretch forward, the expansion beads roll the inner wall of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe is forced to deform, the pipe diameter is increased, and the expansion shell moves axially along the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe until the pipe expansion of the whole low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe is completed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention has simple process method and low processing cost, and simultaneously, the matched grain refining device has simple structure and good adaptability, can be suitable for low-carbon low-alloy steel pipes with various sizes, is particularly suitable for industrial large-size steel pipes, the appearance and the size of the steel pipes before and after grain refinement are kept unchanged, the compressive strength of the steel pipes is twice of that before the grain refinement, the pipe wall is expanded and deformed by using a pipe expanding mechanism, the taper formed outside the expanded beads can be adjusted as required to change the expansion degree of the pipe wall, the pipe wall can be greatly deformed, and the grain boundary of the material is greatly changed, thereby obviously improving the grain refining effect and improving the performance of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the pipe expanding mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cold drawing mechanism of the present invention.
The corresponding part names indicated by the numbers and letters in the drawings:
1. expansion shell 2, expansion rod 3, expansion bead
4. And (5) cold drawing a die 5. a clamp.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a device for refining crystal grains of a low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, which comprises a pipe expanding mechanism for pipe expanding operation and a cold drawing mechanism for pipe deformation reduction. Specifically, the tube expansion mechanism comprises an expansion shell, an expansion bead and an expansion rod. The expansion rod is of a straight rod-shaped structure. The front end of the expansion rod is of a conical structure. The expansion shell is of a cylindrical structure; the expansion shell is sleeved at the front end of the expansion rod. The expansion shell is provided with a plurality of kidney-shaped grooves. Usually, the number of the waist-shaped grooves is more than three, and preferably, the number of the waist-shaped grooves is controlled to be 3-8. The kidney-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed at intervals around the expansion shell. The waist-shaped groove is internally embedded with the expansion beads. The inner side of each expansion bead is abutted against the expansion rod, and the outer sides of the expansion beads are distributed in a conical shape. The cold drawing mechanism comprises a cold drawing die and a clamp; the cold drawing die is provided with a conical contraction hole. Preferably, the cone angle of the beam-converging hole is less than 15-45 °. The outer diameter of the pipe is constricted by the constriction hole; the clamp clamps and fixes the pipe. The clamp can be a tubular clamp such as a three-jaw chuck.
For better tube expansion, the taper of the front end of the expansion rod is 2 times of the inclined taper of the outer side of the expansion bead.
In order to enable the expansion shell to rotate and perform axial feeding, the length direction of the waist-shaped groove is inclined to the axial direction of the expansion rod. The feeding speed of the expanding rod in the pipe expanding process is controlled by adjusting the inclination angle.
In order to improve the durability of the present invention, the expansion bead is made of high-hardness alloy steel.
A low-carbon low-alloy steel tube grain refining process adopts the grain refining device; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, heating the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe to 900-; specifically, when the pipe expanding mechanism expands the pipe in step 1, the expanding shell of the pipe expanding mechanism is plugged into the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, the expanding rod is pushed, the expanding beads extend out of the waist-shaped hole and abut against the inner wall of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, the expanding rod is driven by the external pipe expander to rotate and stretch forward, the expanding beads roll the inner wall of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe, the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe is forced to deform, the pipe diameter is increased, and the expanding shell moves axially along the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe until the pipe expanding of the whole low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe is completed.
And 2, rapidly cooling the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe to 500 ℃, and then reducing the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe to the original size through a cold drawing mechanism.
Through detection, the grain refinement degree of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe can be obviously improved by matching the grain refinement process with the grain refinement device.
With the above embodiments, it can be seen that the present invention has the advantages: the invention has simple process method and low processing cost, and simultaneously, the matched grain refining device has simple structure and good adaptability, can be suitable for low-carbon low-alloy steel pipes with various sizes, is particularly suitable for industrial large-size steel pipes, the appearance and the size of the steel pipes before and after grain refinement are kept unchanged, the compressive strength of the steel pipes is twice of that before the grain refinement, the pipe wall is expanded and deformed by using a pipe expanding mechanism, the taper formed outside the expanded beads can be adjusted as required to change the expansion degree of the pipe wall, the pipe wall can be greatly deformed, and the grain boundary of the material is greatly changed, thereby obviously improving the grain refining effect and improving the performance of the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipes.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A device for refining crystal grains of a low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe is characterized by comprising
A pipe expanding mechanism; the tube expansion mechanism comprises an expansion shell, expansion beads and an expansion rod; the expansion rod is in a straight rod-shaped structure; the front end of the expansion rod is of a conical structure; the expansion shell is of a cylindrical structure; the expansion shell is sleeved at the front end of the expansion rod; a plurality of kidney-shaped grooves are formed in the expansion shell; the kidney-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the expansion shell at intervals; the expansion beads are embedded and installed in the waist-shaped groove; the inner sides of the expansion beads are abutted against the expansion rod, and the outer sides of the expansion beads are distributed in a conical shape;
and a cold drawing mechanism; the cold drawing mechanism comprises a cold drawing die and a clamp; the cold drawing die is provided with a conical converging hole; the outer diameter of the pipe is constricted by the constriction hole; the clamp clamps and fixes the pipe.
2. The apparatus for refining grains of a low carbon and low alloy steel pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein a taper of a front end of the expansion bar is 2 times a taper of an inclination of an outer side of the expansion bead.
3. The apparatus for refining grains of low-carbon low-alloy steel tube according to claim 2, wherein the number of the waist-shaped grooves is three or more.
4. The apparatus for refining grains of low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe as claimed in claim 3, wherein the length direction of the waist-shaped groove is inclined to the axial direction of the expansion rod.
5. The apparatus for refining grains of low carbon and low alloy steel pipe as claimed in claim 4, wherein said expansion bead is made of high hard alloy steel.
6. The apparatus for refining grains of low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cone angle of the bundling holes is less than 15-45 °.
7. A process for refining grains of a low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe is characterized in that a grain refining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, heating the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe to 900-;
and 2, rapidly cooling the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe to 500 ℃, and then reducing the low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe to the original size through a cold drawing mechanism.
8. The process for refining grains of the low-carbon low-alloy steel tube according to claim 7, wherein when the tube expansion mechanism expands the tube in step 1, an expansion shell of the tube expansion mechanism is inserted into the low-carbon low-alloy steel tube, an expansion rod is pushed, expansion beads extend from a waist-shaped hole and abut against the inner wall of the low-carbon low-alloy steel tube, an external tube expander drives the expansion rod to rotate and stretch forward, the expansion beads roll the inner wall of the low-carbon low-alloy steel tube, the low-carbon low-alloy steel tube is forced to deform, the tube diameter is increased, and the expansion shell moves axially along the low-carbon low-alloy steel tube until the tube expansion of the whole low-carbon low-alloy steel tube is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010974488.3A CN112322873A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Device and process for refining grains of low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010974488.3A CN112322873A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Device and process for refining grains of low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112322873A true CN112322873A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010974488.3A Pending CN112322873A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Device and process for refining grains of low-carbon low-alloy steel pipe |
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| CN (1) | CN112322873A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070261465A1 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2007-11-15 | Jin Mi Seo | Pipe Expanding Device |
| CN102101142A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-06-22 | 苏州市天迅机具科技有限公司 | Five-ball precision deep hole pipe expander |
| CN104889272A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 哈尔滨哈锅锅炉容器工程有限责任公司 | Retrusive tube expander |
| CN110883124A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-03-17 | 燕山大学 | Extrusion-rolling integrated forming method of titanium alloy continuous casting tube blank |
-
2020
- 2020-09-16 CN CN202010974488.3A patent/CN112322873A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070261465A1 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2007-11-15 | Jin Mi Seo | Pipe Expanding Device |
| CN102101142A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-06-22 | 苏州市天迅机具科技有限公司 | Five-ball precision deep hole pipe expander |
| CN104889272A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 哈尔滨哈锅锅炉容器工程有限责任公司 | Retrusive tube expander |
| CN110883124A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-03-17 | 燕山大学 | Extrusion-rolling integrated forming method of titanium alloy continuous casting tube blank |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 仇铣: "《金属材料及其管理技术》", 31 May 1983, 天津科学技术出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |
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