CN112322864A - Precision forging forming process of 270 MPa-level clutch for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Precision forging forming process of 270 MPa-level clutch for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112322864A CN112322864A CN202011222583.4A CN202011222583A CN112322864A CN 112322864 A CN112322864 A CN 112322864A CN 202011222583 A CN202011222583 A CN 202011222583A CN 112322864 A CN112322864 A CN 112322864A
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- Prior art keywords
- clutch
- cooling
- precision forging
- steel material
- speed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
- C21D1/785—Thermocycling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a precision forging forming process of a clutch for a 270 MPa-level electric vehicle, which comprises the steps of heating a steel material to 1150 ℃ with temperature increased by 1000-; then carrying out extrusion forming after thermal cycle treatment, cycle cooling procedure and phosphorization and saponification treatment; the invention promotes the refinement of steel material crystal grains, ensures that the crystal grains are uniformly distributed, and removes segregation tissues in the finished product of the clutch precision forging, so that the finished product of the precision forging has good tensile strength, impact toughness and yield strength; the invention overcomes the problems of fine surface crystal grains and thick intermediate structure of the finished products of the clutch precision forging, simultaneously, the surface crystal grains are refined, the lattice distortion and the dislocation density are reduced, the high-temperature friction, the wear resistance, the hardness and the surface strength of the finished products of the precision forging are greatly improved, the wear rate is greatly reduced, and the service life of the clutch is effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of clutch manufacturing, and particularly relates to a precision forging forming process of a 270 MPa-level clutch for an electric vehicle.
Background
The clutch is an assembly mounted between the engine and the transmission, directly associated with the engine in the drive train of the electric vehicle. In the whole process from starting to normal running of the electric vehicle, a driver can operate the clutch according to requirements to temporarily separate or gradually connect the engine and the transmission system so as to cut off or transmit power output from the engine to the transmission system; the clutch is used for enabling the engine and the transmission to be gradually engaged, so that the electric vehicle is ensured to start stably; temporarily disconnecting the engine from the transmission to facilitate shifting and reduce shock during shifting; when the electric vehicle is braked emergently, the separating function can be realized, and the transmission systems such as a speed changer and the like are prevented from being overloaded, so that a certain protection effect is realized.
In the production of the existing clutch, in order to ensure that the clutch meets the requirements of stable engagement, rapid and thorough separation and good wear resistance, the clutch is required to have good mechanical property and high toughness; however, the existing clutch forging forming process mostly adopts warm forging, the heating temperature is lower, and because the workpiece is small, the surface area is large, and the heat dissipation is fast, the temperature drop speed is fast, and the waste heat annealing can not be carried out; therefore, the production cost is high, and the market demand cannot be met; therefore, how to produce the clutch by the existing clutch forging process can meet the use requirement, and meanwhile, the production efficiency can be accelerated, the cost is saved, and the solution is needed urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a precision forging forming process of a 270 MPa-level clutch for an electric vehicle, which can accelerate the production efficiency and save the cost, and the produced clutch can meet the use requirement.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is:
a precision forging forming process of a 270 MPa-level clutch for an electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a steel material according to product requirements, and cutting;
step 2, heating the cut steel material to 1150 ℃ of minus 1000-;
and 3, performing thermal cycle treatment on the steel material obtained in the step 2, specifically: firstly heating to 650 ℃ of 600-;
and 4, carrying out phosphorization and saponification treatment on the steel material subjected to thermal cycle treatment, and carrying out extrusion forming to obtain the clutch for the electric vehicle.
In the step 2, the mixture is heated to 1000-1150 ℃ at a rate of 80-120 ℃/min.
In the step 2, the mixture is cooled to 280-320 ℃ by water cooling at a speed of 10-20 ℃/min.
In the step 2, the quenching treatment is carried out by cooling the steel plate to room temperature by cooling water at the speed of 40-50 ℃/min.
In the step 3, the thermal cycle treatment is heating at a rate of 50-60 ℃/min.
In the step 3, the circulating cooling procedure is a combination of water cooling and natural cooling, wherein the water cooling is firstly adopted to cool the materials to 560-.
After the scheme is adopted, the process of the invention promotes the refinement of steel material grains through multiple heat treatment and circulating cooling procedures, so that the grains are uniformly distributed, and the segregation tissues in the finished products of the clutch precision forging pieces are removed, therefore, the finished products of the precision forging pieces have good tensile strength, impact toughness and yield strength;
according to the invention, by controlling the heating and cooling speeds in the heat treatment, the problems of fine surface crystal grains and large intermediate structure of the finished product of the clutch precision forging are solved, and meanwhile, the surface crystal grains are refined, the lattice distortion and the dislocation density are reduced, so that the high-temperature friction, the wear resistance, the hardness and the surface strength of the finished product of the precision forging are greatly improved, the wear rate is greatly reduced, and the service life of the clutch is effectively prolonged.
Detailed Description
The technical solution and the advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The steel material with the grade of 20CRMNTI is used as a raw material, and a circular sawing machine is adopted for blanking and cutting.
Heating the cut steel material to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 80 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5h, naturally cooling to 650 ℃, cooling to 320 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min by water cooling, quenching, heating to 750 ℃ at the speed of 70 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature at the speed of 50 ℃/min by cooling water.
Carrying out thermal cycle treatment on the treated steel material, which specifically comprises the following steps: heating to 650 deg.C at a speed of 50 deg.C/min, maintaining for 20min, naturally cooling to room temperature, heating to 700 deg.C at a speed of 50 deg.C/min, maintaining for 40min, heating to 850 deg.C, maintaining for 20min, and cooling to room temperature by circulation cooling. The circulating cooling procedure is to adopt water cooling and natural cooling to combine, firstly adopt water cooling to cool to 580 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, then naturally cool to 330 ℃, and then adopt water cooling to cool to room temperature at the speed of 30 ℃/min.
And (3) carrying out phosphorization and saponification treatment on the steel material subjected to thermal cycle treatment, and carrying out extrusion forming to obtain the clutch for the electric vehicle.
Mechanical properties: tensile strength of 295MPa, hardness of 252, elongation of 1.4%, and room-temperature fatigue performance of 210MPa (1 × 10)7Second).
Physical properties: the thermal conductivity is 58W/m.K, and the friction coefficient is 0.81.
Example 2
The steel material with the grade of 20CRMNTI is used as a raw material, and a circular sawing machine is adopted for blanking and cutting.
Heating the cut steel material to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5h, naturally cooling to 680 ℃, cooling to 300 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min by water cooling, quenching, heating to 760 ℃ at the speed of 80 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature at the speed of 45 ℃/min by cooling water.
Carrying out thermal cycle treatment on the treated steel material, which specifically comprises the following steps: heating to 630 ℃ at the speed of 55 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, naturally cooling to room temperature, heating to 730 ℃ at the speed of 60 ℃/min, preserving heat for 35min, continuing to heat to 830 ℃, preserving heat for 25min, and then cooling to room temperature by adopting a circulating cooling program. The circulating cooling procedure is to adopt water cooling and natural cooling to combine, firstly adopt water cooling to cool to 560 ℃ at the speed of 25 ℃/min, then naturally cool to 350 ℃, and then adopt water cooling to cool to room temperature at the speed of 25 ℃/min.
And (3) carrying out phosphorization and saponification treatment on the steel material subjected to thermal cycle treatment, and carrying out extrusion forming to obtain the clutch for the electric vehicle.
Mechanical properties: 288MPa of tensile strength, 236 of hardness, 1.6 percent of elongation and 220MPa (1 multiplied by 10) of room-temperature fatigue property7Second).
Physical properties: the thermal conductivity coefficient is 60W/m.K, and the friction coefficient is 0.80.
Example 3
The steel material with the grade of 20CRMNTI is used as a raw material, and a circular sawing machine is adopted for blanking and cutting.
Heating the cut steel material to 1150 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4h, naturally cooling to 680 ℃, cooling to 280 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min by water cooling, quenching, heating to 700 ℃ at the speed of 80 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1h, and cooling to room temperature at the speed of 40 ℃/min by cooling water.
Carrying out thermal cycle treatment on the treated steel material, which specifically comprises the following steps: heating to 640 deg.C at 55 deg.C/min, maintaining for 30min, naturally cooling to room temperature, heating to 740 deg.C at 60 deg.C/min, maintaining for 30min, heating to 850 deg.C, maintaining for 30min, and cooling to room temperature by circulation cooling. The circulating cooling procedure is to adopt water cooling and natural cooling to combine, firstly adopt water cooling to cool to 570 ℃ at the speed of 25 ℃/min, then naturally cool to 300 ℃, and then adopt water cooling to cool to room temperature at the speed of 25 ℃/min.
And (3) carrying out phosphorization and saponification treatment on the steel material subjected to thermal cycle treatment, and carrying out extrusion forming to obtain the clutch for the electric vehicle.
Mechanical properties: tensile strength 274MPa, hardness 238, elongation 1.7%, room temperature fatigueFatigue performance of 200MPa (1X 10)7Second).
Physical properties: the thermal conductivity is 54W/m.K, and the friction coefficient is 0.76.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A precision forging forming process of a 270 MPa-level clutch for an electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting a steel material according to product requirements, and cutting;
step 2, heating the cut steel material to 1150 ℃ of minus 1000-;
and 3, performing thermal cycle treatment on the steel material obtained in the step 2, specifically: firstly heating to 650 ℃ of 600-;
and 4, carrying out phosphorization and saponification treatment on the steel material subjected to thermal cycle treatment, and carrying out extrusion forming to obtain the clutch for the electric vehicle.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the mixture is heated to 1000-1150 ℃ at a speed of 80-120 ℃/min.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the mixture is cooled to 280-320 ℃ by water cooling at the speed of 10-20 ℃/min.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the quenching treatment is carried out by cooling the steel plate to room temperature by cooling water at the speed of 40-50 ℃/min.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein: in the step 3, the thermal cycle treatment is heating at a speed of 50-60 ℃/min.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein: in the step 3, the circulating cooling procedure is to adopt the combination of water cooling and natural cooling, firstly adopt the water cooling to cool to 560-.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011222583.4A CN112322864A (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2020-11-05 | Precision forging forming process of 270 MPa-level clutch for electric vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011222583.4A CN112322864A (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2020-11-05 | Precision forging forming process of 270 MPa-level clutch for electric vehicle |
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| CN112322864A true CN112322864A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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| CN202011222583.4A Pending CN112322864A (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2020-11-05 | Precision forging forming process of 270 MPa-level clutch for electric vehicle |
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Citations (9)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103510024A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-15 | 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Alloy cast steel for high speed train brake disc, heat treatment method thereof and high speed train brake disc manufactured by the alloy cast steel |
| CN106392506A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏保捷锻压有限公司 | Reverse idler gear forging and pressing technology for automobile transmission |
| CN106566999A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-04-19 | 南京工程学院 | Wear-resisting material used for brake disc of high-speed train and preparation method for wear-resisting material |
| CN106834928A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-13 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of long life seamless steel pipe thickens mold material and its Technology for Heating Processing |
| CN106967929A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-21 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | A kind of EMUs brake disc forging mild steel and its heat treatment method |
| CN107746915A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-02 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | A kind of brake disc of high-speed train steel |
| CN107760838A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-06 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | A kind of brake disc of high-speed train Heat-Treatment of Steel method |
| CN108817876A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2018-11-16 | 来安县隆华摩擦材料有限公司 | A kind of cold extrusion production process of automobile clutch |
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-
2020
- 2020-11-05 CN CN202011222583.4A patent/CN112322864A/en active Pending
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| CN106392506A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏保捷锻压有限公司 | Reverse idler gear forging and pressing technology for automobile transmission |
| CN106566999A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-04-19 | 南京工程学院 | Wear-resisting material used for brake disc of high-speed train and preparation method for wear-resisting material |
| CN106834928A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-13 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of long life seamless steel pipe thickens mold material and its Technology for Heating Processing |
| CN106967929A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-21 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | A kind of EMUs brake disc forging mild steel and its heat treatment method |
| CN107746915A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-02 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | A kind of brake disc of high-speed train steel |
| CN107760838A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-06 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | A kind of brake disc of high-speed train Heat-Treatment of Steel method |
| CN108817876A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2018-11-16 | 来安县隆华摩擦材料有限公司 | A kind of cold extrusion production process of automobile clutch |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |
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