CN112321319A - Foamed ceramic based on graphite tailings and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Foamed ceramic based on graphite tailings and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112321319A CN112321319A CN202011146522.4A CN202011146522A CN112321319A CN 112321319 A CN112321319 A CN 112321319A CN 202011146522 A CN202011146522 A CN 202011146522A CN 112321319 A CN112321319 A CN 112321319A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- foamed ceramic
- graphite tailings
- feldspar
- silicon carbide
- quartz
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/16—Lean materials, e.g. grog, quartz
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a graphite tailing based foamed ceramic, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45-70% of graphite tailings, 10-15% of quartz, 5-15% of bauxite and 15-25% of feldspar; simultaneously adding 0.1-0.5% of silicon carbide; the material is prepared by ball milling and mixing graphite tailings, quartz, bauxite, feldspar and silicon carbide in sequence, adding water for granulation, preparing blanks, ageing, pressing, firing and the like. The invention combines the formula design and the process optimization, realizes the application of the graphite tailings in the foamed ceramic with high addition amount, and simultaneously can further optimize the pore structure, the distribution and the size of the obtained foamed ceramic, obviously reduce the heat conductivity coefficient of the foamed ceramic and improve the heat insulation performance of the foamed ceramic. The foamed ceramic obtained by the invention has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good heat preservation and insulation performance, good fireproof performance and the like, can realize high value-added application of graphite tailings, and has important economic and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional composite materials and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a method for preparing foamed ceramics by taking graphite tailings as a main raw material.
Background
The graphite tailings are solid wastes formed by drying residual ore pulp of graphite products produced by using graphite minerals in the sun, and are usually directly stacked near mines in the open air or buried in dug pits, so that serious environmental pollution can be caused. Currently, researchers explore the preparation of ceramic tiles, daily ceramics and the like by using graphite tailings. For example, patent CN109467389A discloses a method for preparing sintered ceramic tile using graphite tailings and potassium feldspar as main raw materials; patent CN102399080A discloses a method for firing domestic ceramics by using graphite tailings, quartz powder, kaolin and the like as main raw materials, which is used for obtaining compact ceramic products.
The foamed ceramic is a high-closed porosity ceramic material which is prepared by using various clay minerals or solid wastes as main raw materials, introducing an inorganic or organic foaming agent and roasting at high temperature, has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good heat preservation and heat insulation performance and the like, and is widely used for heat preservation and partition of inner and outer walls of buildings. At present, scholars at home and abroad adopt graphene, steelmaking tailings, polished porcelain slag and the like as raw materials to prepare foamed ceramics. For example, patent CN107746250A discloses a method for preparing a foamed lightweight wallboard by using graphene and non-metal tailings as main raw materials, wherein the thermal conductivity of the product is 0.07-0.28W/(m · K); the patent CN109734416A discloses a process for preparing foamed ceramics by using steelmaking tailings and high-silicon tailings as main raw materials, wherein the heat conductivity coefficient of the product is 0.06-0.1W/(m.K); brazilian scholars introduced in the text of charaterization of cellular ceramics by porous titanium dioxide tiles reactions a method for preparing foamed ceramics from polished porcelain slag as a main raw material, wherein the firing temperature is 1200 ℃ (Adriano Michael Bernardin et, Materials Science and Engineering, 2006: 222-225). In addition, patent CN107352972A discloses a foamed ceramic light-weight inner wall partition board which is obtained by calcining coal gangue, albite, microlite granules, graphite tailings and a foaming agent as raw materials at 1160-1240 ℃ for 14-15 h, wherein the addition amount of the graphite tailings is only 0.5-3.5%, the graphite tailings are used as auxiliary raw materials, and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the product is about 0.17W/(m.K). However, the above reports all have the defects of high firing temperature, high product thermal conductivity coefficient and the like, and the high added value application of the graphite tailings in the foamed ceramic cannot be realized due to the problems of high calcium content of the graphite tailings and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide the foamed ceramic based on the graphite tailings, which has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good heat preservation, heat insulation and fire resistance and the like, can realize the application of the graphite tailings in the foamed ceramic in high addition amount, and has simple related preparation method and is suitable for popularization and application.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the foamed ceramic based on the graphite tailings comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45-70% of graphite tailings, 10-15% of quartz, 5-15% of bauxite and 15-25% of feldspar; and 0.1-0.5% of foaming agent is added.
In the scheme, the graphite tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 70～80％，Al2O38～9％，Fe2O3 3～4％，CaO 5～7％。
In the scheme, the particle sizes of the graphite tailings, the quartz, the bauxite and the feldspar are 230-325 meshes.
In the scheme, the particle size of the silicon carbide is 700-mesh sieve.
In the scheme, SiO in the quartz2The content of (B) is more than 98 wt%.
In the scheme, SiO in the bauxite212-15% of Al2O3The content of (A) is 75-85%.
In the scheme, the feldspar comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 60～70％，Al2O315～20％，K2O+Na2O 10～18％。
In the scheme, the feldspar is one or a mixture of potassium feldspar and albite.
In the scheme, the foaming agent is one or more of silicon carbide, carbon black, silicon carbide and coal powder.
The preparation method of the foamed ceramic based on the graphite tailings comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and sieving raw materials: respectively crushing, ball-milling and sieving graphite tailings, quartz, bauxite, feldspar and silicon carbide, wherein the silicon carbide is sieved by a 700-mesh sieve, and other raw materials are sieved by a 230-325-mesh sieve for later use;
2) weighing raw materials and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio, wherein the weight percentage of each raw material comprises: 45-70% of graphite tailings, 10-15% of quartz, 5-15% of bauxite, 15-25% of feldspar and 0.1-0.5% of additional silicon carbide, and performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) preparing a blank: adding water into the obtained mixture for granulation, preparing a blank, ageing, pressing a blank body, and drying;
4) firing the foamed ceramic: and (3) placing the ceramic into a roller kiln, and firing at 1100-1150 ℃ to obtain the foamed ceramic product.
In the scheme, the water content of the blank is 5-6 wt%.
In the scheme, the forming pressure is 10-20 MPa.
Preferably, the firing system is: firstly, heating to 950-1050 ℃ at the speed of 5-8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10-20 min, then heating to the set firing temperature at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 30-60 min.
More preferably, in the firing system, the temperature is respectively maintained for 30-50 min when the temperature is raised to 90-110 ℃, 190-210 ℃ and 290-310 ℃.
Preferably, the foamed ceramic blank is placed into a mold with a pattern carved at the bottom, and is fired to obtain the foamed ceramic with the pattern decoration.
The average pore diameter of the foamed ceramic obtained according to the scheme is adjustable and controllable within the range of 0.2-3 mm, and the volume density is less than or equal to 600kg/m3The compressive strength is more than or equal to 3MPa, the thermal conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.045W/(m.K), and the requirements of GB/T33500-2017 foam ceramic for external thermal insulation of exterior walls on thermal insulation materials are met.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
1) according to the invention, calcium-containing minerals in the graphite tailings are decomposed at high temperature through formula design and process control, and fully react with feldspar in the raw material to generate anorthite, so that the adverse effect caused by overhigh calcium content of the graphite tailings can be effectively solved (the calcium-containing minerals in the graphite tailings are decomposed at high temperature to generate free CaO, the high-temperature liquid phase viscosity is easily reduced, and further the foamed ceramic has overlarge air holes and reduced strength); in addition, the lamellar structure of the graphite tailings is utilized, so that the graphite tailings are converted into complete crystal grains in situ to be dispersed among anorthite frameworks, and the crystal grains are tightly combined with other crystal grains through a glass phase, so that the mechanical strength of the foamed ceramic is ensured, and the addition amount of the graphite tailings in the foamed ceramic is remarkably increased (up to 70%); meanwhile, the invention can also make full use of the residual carbon in the graphite tailings, effectively reduce the firing temperature, and simultaneously make the pore diameter of the foamed ceramic product more uniform step by step, thereby being beneficial to promoting the reduction of the heat conductivity coefficient and improving the heat insulation performance;
2) the invention reduces the O/Si ratio in the high-temperature melt of the raw material through the formula composition design, increases the polymerization degree of the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral network in the melt, increases the activation energy influencing the viscosity, and simultaneously increases the Al3+Complex and huge polymeric anion groups are more easily formed in the melt, the viscosity of the melt is further increased, and the control on the pore distribution and the pore size of the foamed ceramic is realized, so that the heat insulation performance of the obtained foamed ceramic product is effectively improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the adding proportion of the graphite tailings is high; the invention takes the graphite tailings as the main raw material to prepare the high-temperature foamed ceramic, the addition amount of the high-temperature foamed ceramic can reach 70 percent, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the graphite tailings is solved, and a new way is provided for high-valued application of the graphite tailings;
2) the heat insulation performance is good; the invention combines formula design and process optimization to prepare the foamed ceramic with uniform, tiny, isolated and closed pores in the internal structure, the heat conductivity coefficient of the foamed ceramic is less than or equal to 0.045W/(m.K), the foamed ceramic is far superior to the foamed ceramic prepared by taking coal gangue, graphene and the like as main raw materials, and the foamed ceramic specifically comprises the following components: the high-viscosity high-temperature melt is obtained through the formula design, and the regulation and control of the distribution and the size of air holes are realized; the calcium-containing minerals in the graphite tailings are decomposed and fully reacted with feldspar in the raw materials by controlling a temperature rise system to form a solid framework; meanwhile, the 'carbon residue' in the graphite tailings is fully combusted, so that the formation and the uniform distribution of air holes are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing a cross section of a foamed ceramic prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing a cross section of a foamed ceramic prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an XRD pattern of the foamed ceramic prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following examples, the components (mass percentage of each component) of the graphite tailings are as follows:
note: the balance of the graphite tailings is other.
In the following examples, SiO in quartz is used2The content of (B) is 98.35 wt%; SiO in bauxite2Content of (1) 12.09% and Al2O3The content of (A) is 78.05%; the feldspar comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 2266.52％、Al2O318.66％、K2O+Na2O 12.81％。
Example 1
The preparation method of the foamed ceramic based on the graphite tailings comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and sieving raw materials: respectively crushing, ball-milling and sieving graphite tailings, quartz, bauxite, feldspar and silicon carbide, wherein the silicon carbide is sieved by a 700-mesh sieve, and other raw materials are sieved by a 230-mesh sieve for later use;
2) weighing raw materials and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio, wherein the weight percentage of each raw material comprises: 45% of graphite tailings, 15% of quartz, 15% of bauxite, 25% of feldspar and 0.2% of additional silicon carbide, and performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) preparing a blank: adding water into the obtained mixture for granulation, wherein the water content is 5 wt%, preparing a blank, ageing, pressing the blank (the forming pressure is 10MPa), and drying;
4) firing the foamed ceramic: placing the foamed ceramic blank into a mold with a pattern carved on the bottom, and placing the mold into a roller kiln to be fired at 1100 ℃ to obtain a foamed ceramic product with a pattern decoration; the specific firing system adopted is as follows: firstly, heating to 950 ℃ at the rate of 5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10min, and then heating to 1100 ℃ at the rate of 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 30 min; wherein the temperature is respectively kept for 30min when the temperature is increased to 110 ℃, 210 ℃ and 310 ℃.
The foamed ceramic obtained in this example was tested to have an average pore size of 0.9mm and a bulk density of 600kg/m3The compressive strength is 4.3MPa, the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.045W/(m.K), and the requirements of GB/T33500-.
Example 2
The preparation method of the foamed ceramic based on the graphite tailings comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and sieving raw materials: respectively crushing, ball-milling and sieving graphite tailings, quartz, bauxite, feldspar and silicon carbide, wherein the silicon carbide is sieved by a 700-mesh sieve, and other raw materials are sieved by a 270-mesh sieve for later use;
2) weighing raw materials and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio, wherein the weight percentage of each raw material comprises: 60% of graphite tailings, 10% of quartz, 15% of bauxite, 15% of feldspar and 0.3% of additional silicon carbide, and performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) preparing a blank: adding water into the obtained mixture for granulation, wherein the water content is 5 wt%, preparing a blank, ageing, pressing the blank (the forming pressure is 15MPa), and drying;
4) firing the foamed ceramic: placing the foamed ceramic blank into a mold with a pattern carved on the bottom, and firing the foamed ceramic blank in a roller kiln at 1120 ℃ to obtain a foamed ceramic product with a pattern decoration; the specific firing system adopted is as follows: firstly, heating to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, then heating to 1120 ℃ at the heating speed of 4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 40 min; wherein the temperature is respectively kept for 30min when the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, 200 ℃ and 300 ℃.
The foamed ceramic obtained in this example was tested to have an average pore size of 1.5mm and a bulk density of 450kg/m3The compressive strength is 3.5MPa, the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.040W/(m.K), and the requirements of GB/T33500-.
Example 3
The preparation method of the foamed ceramic based on the graphite tailings comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and sieving raw materials: respectively crushing, ball-milling and sieving graphite tailings, quartz, bauxite, feldspar and silicon carbide, wherein the silicon carbide is sieved by a 700-mesh sieve, and other raw materials are sieved by a 325-mesh sieve for later use;
2) weighing raw materials and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio, wherein the weight percentage of each raw material comprises: 70% of graphite tailings, 5% of quartz, 10% of bauxite, 15% of feldspar and 0.5% of additional silicon carbide, and performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) preparing a blank: adding water into the obtained mixture for granulation, wherein the water content is 6 wt%, preparing a blank, ageing, pressing the blank (the forming pressure is 20MPa), and drying;
4) firing the foamed ceramic: placing the foamed ceramic blank into a mold with a pattern carved at the bottom, placing the mold into a roller kiln, and firing at 1150 ℃ to obtain a foamed ceramic product with a pattern decoration; the specific firing system adopted is as follows: firstly, heating to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 20min, and then heating to 1150 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 60 min; wherein the temperature is respectively kept for 50min when the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, 190 ℃ and 290 ℃.
The foamed ceramic obtained in this example was tested to have an average pore size of 2.6mm and a bulk density of 400kg/m3The compressive strength is 3MPa, the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.038W/(m.K), and the requirement of GB/T33500-The requirement of heat-insulating materials.
The product obtained in the embodiment is subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis, and the result is shown in figure 3, which shows that anorthite phase can be formed in the product, and is favorable for ensuring the mechanical property and the pore structure of the sintered product.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the foamed ceramic based on the graphite tailings comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and sieving raw materials: respectively crushing, ball-milling and sieving graphite tailings, quartz, bauxite and silicon carbide, wherein the silicon carbide is sieved by a 700-mesh sieve, and other raw materials are sieved by a 230-mesh sieve for later use;
2) weighing raw materials and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio, wherein the weight percentage of each raw material comprises: 70% of graphite tailings, 15% of quartz, 15% of bauxite and 0.2% of added silicon carbide, and performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) preparing a blank: adding water into the obtained mixture for granulation, wherein the water content is 5 wt%, preparing a blank, ageing, pressing the blank (the forming pressure is 10MPa), and drying;
4) firing the foamed ceramic: placing the foamed ceramic blank into a mold with a pattern carved on the bottom, and placing the mold into a roller kiln to be fired at 1100 ℃ to obtain a foamed ceramic product with a pattern decoration; the specific firing system adopted is as follows: firstly, heating to 1000 ℃ at the rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then heating to 1100 ℃ at the rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30 min; wherein the temperature is respectively kept for 30min when the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, 200 ℃ and 300 ℃.
Tests prove that the compressive strength of the foamed ceramic obtained in the comparative example is less than 1MPa, and the requirement of GB/T33500-.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the foamed ceramic based on the graphite tailings comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and sieving raw materials: respectively crushing, ball-milling and sieving graphite tailings, quartz, bauxite, feldspar and silicon carbide, wherein the silicon carbide is sieved by a 700-mesh sieve, and other raw materials are sieved by a 270-mesh sieve for later use;
2) weighing raw materials and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio, wherein the weight percentage of each raw material comprises: 60% of graphite tailings, 10% of quartz, 15% of bauxite, 15% of feldspar and 0.3% of additional silicon carbide, and performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) preparing a blank: adding water into the obtained mixture for granulation, wherein the water content is 5 wt%, preparing a blank, ageing, pressing the blank (the forming pressure is 15MPa), and drying;
4) firing the foamed ceramic: placing the foamed ceramic blank into a mold with a pattern carved on the bottom, and placing the foamed ceramic blank into a roller kiln to be fired at 1180 ℃; the specific firing system adopted is as follows: firstly, heating to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 20min, and then heating to 1180 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 40 min; wherein the temperature is respectively kept for 30min when the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, 200 ℃ and 300 ℃.
The foamed ceramic obtained by the comparative example has an irregular shape, a large number of damaged openings and interconnected air holes appear on the surface, and the requirements of GB/T33500 plus 2017 'external thermal insulation foamed ceramic' on thermal insulation materials for external walls are not met.
The above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Other variants and modifications of the invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art and can be made on the basis of the above description, are not necessary or exhaustive for all embodiments, and are therefore within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The foamed ceramic based on graphite tailings is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 45-70% of graphite tailings, 10-15% of quartz, 5-15% of bauxite and 15-25% of feldspar; 0.1-0.5% of foaming agent is added.
2. The high-temperature foamed ceramic of claim 1, wherein the graphite tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 70～80％，Al2O3 8～9％，Fe2O3 3～4％，CaO 5～7％。
3. The high temperature foamed ceramic of claim 1 wherein the SiO in the quartz2The content of (A) is more than 98 percent; SiO in bauxite212-15% of Al2O3The content of (A) is 75-85%; the feldspar comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 60～70％，Al2O3 15～20％，K2O+Na2O 10～18％。
4. The high-temperature foamed ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the graphite tailings, the quartz, the bauxite and the feldspar is 230-325 meshes; the particle size of the foaming agent is 700 meshes.
5. The high-temperature foamed ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is one or more of silicon carbide, carbon black, silicon carbide and coal powder.
6. The preparation method of the foamed ceramic based on the graphite tailings of any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) crushing and sieving raw materials: respectively crushing, ball-milling and sieving graphite tailings, quartz, bauxite, feldspar and silicon carbide, wherein the silicon carbide is sieved by a 700-mesh sieve, and other raw materials are sieved by a 230-325-mesh sieve for later use;
2) weighing raw materials and mixing: weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio, wherein the weight percentage of each raw material comprises: 45-70% of graphite tailings, 10-15% of quartz, 5-15% of bauxite, 15-25% of feldspar and 0.1-0.5% of additional silicon carbide, and performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) preparing a blank: adding water into the obtained mixture for granulation, preparing a blank, ageing, pressing a blank body, and drying;
4) firing the foamed ceramic: and (3) placing the ceramic into a roller kiln, and firing at 1100-1150 ℃ to obtain the foamed ceramic product.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the water content of the billet is 5 to 6 wt%.
8. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the press molding pressure is 10 to 20 MPa.
9. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the firing system is: firstly, heating to 950-1050 ℃ at the speed of 5-8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10-20 min, then heating to the set firing temperature at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 30-60 min.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the temperature is maintained for 30 to 50min when the temperature is raised to 90 to 110 ℃, 190 to 210 ℃ and 290 to 310 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011146522.4A CN112321319A (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Foamed ceramic based on graphite tailings and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011146522.4A CN112321319A (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Foamed ceramic based on graphite tailings and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112321319A true CN112321319A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
Family
ID=74312110
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011146522.4A Pending CN112321319A (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Foamed ceramic based on graphite tailings and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112321319A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113480252A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-10-08 | 五矿勘查开发有限公司 | Composite building material and intelligent temperature control system |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102718547A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-10 | 中国钢研科技集团有限公司 | Foamed ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
| KR101367591B1 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-02-27 | (주)엔바이로솔루션 | Fabrication method of blistered ceramic |
| KR20170054817A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-18 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | A ceramic foam heatsink containing cellulose carbonated particles and the method thereof |
| CN107602080A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-19 | 广西旭腾实业集团有限公司 | Based on graphene and stone material mine tailing foamed light high temperature resistant wallboard and preparation method thereof |
| CN109626957A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉理工大学 | A method of ceramic antique bricks are prepared using graphite tailing |
| CN111205103A (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2020-05-29 | 苏州中材非金属矿工业设计研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing light ceramic tile by using graphite tailings |
-
2020
- 2020-10-23 CN CN202011146522.4A patent/CN112321319A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102718547A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-10 | 中国钢研科技集团有限公司 | Foamed ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
| KR101367591B1 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-02-27 | (주)엔바이로솔루션 | Fabrication method of blistered ceramic |
| KR20170054817A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-18 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | A ceramic foam heatsink containing cellulose carbonated particles and the method thereof |
| CN107602080A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-19 | 广西旭腾实业集团有限公司 | Based on graphene and stone material mine tailing foamed light high temperature resistant wallboard and preparation method thereof |
| CN109626957A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉理工大学 | A method of ceramic antique bricks are prepared using graphite tailing |
| CN111205103A (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2020-05-29 | 苏州中材非金属矿工业设计研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing light ceramic tile by using graphite tailings |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 程飞飞等: "利用石墨尾矿制备陶瓷砖的试验研究", 《非金属矿》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113480252A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-10-08 | 五矿勘查开发有限公司 | Composite building material and intelligent temperature control system |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107352972B (en) | Foamed ceramic light inner partition board prepared from coal gangue and graphite tailings and preparation method | |
| CN114105676A (en) | Corundum micro-nano-pore heat insulation refractory material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114133258A (en) | Mullite micro-nano-pore heat insulation refractory material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109534849A (en) | A method of exterior insulation is prepared using gold tailings | |
| CN106316135B (en) | Silica aerogel filled open-cell foam glass particle and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN102417368A (en) | Foam ceramic manufactured by high-silicon iron tailings and manufacture method thereof | |
| CN105130468B (en) | A kind of flame-proof thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113121257B (en) | Ultra-light full-closed-cell foamed ceramic with compact surface and low-temperature firing method thereof | |
| CN111892422B (en) | Preparation method of porous sound-absorbing noise-reducing ceramic | |
| CN107586102A (en) | A kind of granite waste stone dust foamed ceramics and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108129132B (en) | Sintered coal waste expanded perlite heat-insulation and decoration integrated plate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112552072A (en) | Construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112062515B (en) | High-strength geopolymer closed-cell foam material prepared from silicon carbide and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104529503A (en) | Process for production of microcrystalline foaming fiberproof thermal insulation material from sedimentary sandstone | |
| CN108101480A (en) | A kind of preparation method of Anti-pressure aerated bricks | |
| CN112321319A (en) | Foamed ceramic based on graphite tailings and preparation method thereof | |
| CN1887756A (en) | Foamed glass and ceramic product and its making process | |
| CN108129135B (en) | Sintering engineering waste soil expanded perlite heat-preservation and decoration integrated plate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103755379A (en) | Method of preparing foamed air brick by taking iron tailings as main material | |
| CN113024274A (en) | Waste ceramic-based heat-insulating brick and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110937906B (en) | Safe and energy-saving smelting furnace body and smelting device adopting same | |
| CN106747620A (en) | A kind of low energy consumption sintering seepage brick and its manufacture method | |
| CN109133862A (en) | Utilize the porous thermal insulating ornament materials and preparation method thereof of iron tailings preparation | |
| CN115073203B (en) | Foam ceramic wall material with good hanging function and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115677377A (en) | Preparation method of tailing-based porous ceramic material |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |