CN112321167A

CN112321167A - Explosion-proof toughened glass

Info

Publication number: CN112321167A
Application number: CN202011155056.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑峰
Original assignee: Huaibei New Generation Tempered Glass Co ltd
Current assignee: Huaibei New Generation Tempered Glass Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-26
Filing date: 2020-10-26
Publication date: 2021-02-05

Abstract

The invention discloses explosion-proof toughened glass. The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-15 parts of polyimide, 10-12 parts of borax, 6-12 parts of glass fiber, 7-13 parts of aluminum oxide, 7-10 parts of sodium oxide, 8-15 parts of potassium oxide, 7-15 parts of lithium oxide, 7-13 parts of calcium oxide, 5-7 parts of potassium dichromate, 3-9 parts of styrene and 12-16 parts of kaolin.

Description

Explosion-proof toughened glass

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of toughened glass, in particular to explosion-proof toughened glass.

Background

The toughened glass has the self-explosion characteristic, which is generally within the allowable range of 0.3% in the industry, and the self-explosion characteristic is an unavoidable factor in the industry. The self-explosion property causes certain trouble for later use, and one method adopted for reducing the self-explosion condition as much as possible is to carry out homogenization treatment on toughened glass. The simple principle is that the raw material of the glass has an imperceptible impurity, namely nickel sulfide, which can generate a phase change expansion process under the condition of a certain temperature difference, so that the glass is self-exploded.

The reasons for spontaneous explosion are many, and the following are briefly summarized:

1. influence of glass quality defects, stones, impurities and bubbles in the glass: impurities in the glass are weak points of the tempered glass and are also stress concentration points. Particularly, if the calculus is in a tensile stress area of the toughened glass, the calculus is an important factor for causing the cracking. Calculus is present in glass and has a different coefficient of expansion than the vitreous. The stress concentration in the crack area around the stone is multiplied after the glass is tempered. When the stone expansion coefficient is smaller than that of glass, the tangential stress around the stone is in tension. The crack propagation accompanying the calculus is very likely to occur.

2. The glass contains nickel sulfide crystals, and the nickel sulfide inclusions generally exist in the form of crystallized globules having a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm. The surface of the complex is metallic, and the complex inclusions are NI3S2, NI7S6 and NI-XS, wherein X = 0-0.07. Only the NI 1-XS phase is the main reason for spontaneous shattering of the toughened glass. The theoretical NIS is known at 379. C is a phase transition process, and 2.38% volume expansion is accompanied in the process of changing from a-NIS hexagonal system in a high temperature state to B-NI trigonal system in a low temperature state. This structure was preserved at room temperature. The a-B state transition may occur rapidly if the glass is heated afterwards. If these inclusions are inside the toughened glass under tensile stress, the volume expansion may cause spontaneous explosion. If a-NIS exists at room temperature, the transition to the B state is slow even after years and months, and the slow increase of the volume in the phase transition process does not necessarily cause internal fracture.

3. The defects of scratches, explosion openings, deep edge explosion and the like on the surface of the glass caused by improper processing or operation are easy to cause stress concentration or self-explosion of toughened glass.

4. The stress distribution in the tempered glass is uneven and offset, and the temperature gradient generated along the thickness direction of the glass during heating or cooling is uneven and asymmetric. The toughened product has the tendency of spontaneous explosion, and some products generate wind explosion during chilling. Self-bursting of tempered glass occurs if the tensile stress zone is shifted to one side of the article or to the surface.

5. The influence of the toughening degree is proved by experiments, and the self-explosion number reaches 20-25% when the toughening degree is improved to 1 level/cm. Therefore, the higher the stress, the higher the tempering degree, and the larger the self-explosion amount.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides explosion-proof toughened glass.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-15 parts of polyimide, 10-12 parts of borax, 6-12 parts of glass fiber, 7-13 parts of aluminum oxide, 7-10 parts of sodium oxide, 8-15 parts of potassium oxide, 7-15 parts of lithium oxide, 7-13 parts of calcium oxide, 5-7 parts of potassium dichromate, 3-9 parts of styrene and 12-16 parts of kaolin.

Preferably, the feed consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of silicon dioxide, 10 parts of polyimide, 11 parts of borax, 9 parts of glass fiber, 10 parts of aluminum oxide, 8 parts of sodium oxide, 12 parts of potassium oxide, 11 parts of lithium oxide, 10 parts of calcium oxide, 6 parts of potassium dichromate, 6 parts of styrene and 14 parts of kaolin.

Preferably, 60 parts of silicon dioxide, 15 parts of polyimide, 10 parts of borax, 12 parts of glass fiber, 13 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 parts of sodium oxide, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 15 parts of lithium oxide, 7 parts of calcium oxide, 5 parts of potassium dichromate, 3 parts of styrene and 12 parts of kaolin.

Preferably, the coating comprises 40 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of polyimide, 10 parts of borax, 12 parts of glass fiber, 7 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 parts of sodium oxide, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 15 parts of lithium oxide, 13 parts of calcium oxide, 7 parts of potassium dichromate, 9 parts of styrene and 16 parts of kaolin.

Preferably, the preparation method of the explosion-proof toughened glass comprises the following steps: the raw materials in parts by weight are uniformly mixed, melted into molten glass at the temperature of 1400 ℃, drawn to form toughened glass at the temperature of 900 ℃, and the toughened glass enters an annealing furnace for annealing treatment.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps that the annealing time of the tempered glass is 120min, and the annealing temperature is 400-500 ℃.

The polyimide provided by the invention is one of organic polymer materials with the best comprehensive performance. The high-temperature resistant polyimide foam material has high temperature resistance of more than 400 ℃, has a long-term use temperature range of-200-300 ℃, has no obvious melting point at part, has high insulating property, has an elastic modulus second only to carbon fibers, is used as a filtering material of a high-temperature medium and radioactive substances and a bulletproof and fireproof fabric, is used as a high-temperature resistant heat insulating material, has good dielectric property, has a dielectric constant of about 3.4, introduces fluorine, or disperses the nanometer size of air in the polyimide, and can reduce the dielectric constant to about 2.5. The dielectric loss is 10-3, the dielectric strength is 100-300KV/mm, the broad-spectrum thermoplastic polyimide is 300KV/mm, and the volume resistance is 10 ^ 17 omega cm. The anti-explosion toughened glass has excellent anti-explosion function, can not cause the self-explosion phenomenon of the toughened glass due to the change of stress when the temperature is changed violently, has simple preparation method and excellent performance, and is suitable for market popularization.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

Example one

An explosion-proof toughened glass comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of silicon dioxide, 10 parts of polyimide, 11 parts of borax, 9 parts of glass fiber, 10 parts of aluminum oxide, 8 parts of sodium oxide, 12 parts of potassium oxide, 11 parts of lithium oxide, 10 parts of calcium oxide, 6 parts of potassium dichromate and 6 parts of styrene.

The preparation method of the explosion-proof toughened glass comprises the following steps: the raw materials in parts by weight are uniformly mixed, melted into molten glass at the temperature of 1400 ℃, drawn to form toughened glass at the temperature of 900 ℃, and the toughened glass enters an annealing furnace for annealing treatment. The annealing time of the toughened glass is 120min, and the annealing temperature is 500 ℃.

Example two

An explosion-proof toughened glass comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of silicon dioxide, 15 parts of polyimide, 10 parts of borax, 12 parts of glass fiber, 13 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 parts of sodium oxide, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 15 parts of lithium oxide, 7 parts of calcium oxide, 5 parts of potassium dichromate and 3 parts of styrene.

The preparation method of the explosion-proof toughened glass comprises the following steps: the raw materials in parts by weight are uniformly mixed, melted into molten glass at the temperature of 1400 ℃, drawn to form toughened glass at the temperature of 900 ℃, and the toughened glass enters an annealing furnace for annealing treatment. The annealing time of the toughened glass is 120min, and the annealing temperature is 400 ℃.

EXAMPLE III

An explosion-proof toughened glass comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of polyimide, 10 parts of borax, 12 parts of glass fiber, 7 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 parts of sodium oxide, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 15 parts of lithium oxide, 13 parts of calcium oxide, 7 parts of potassium dichromate and 9 parts of styrene.

The preparation method of the explosion-proof toughened glass comprises the following steps: the raw materials in parts by weight are uniformly mixed, the mixture is melted into molten glass at the temperature of 1400 ℃, the molten glass is drawn to form toughened glass at the temperature of 900 ℃, the toughened glass enters an annealing furnace for annealing treatment, the annealing time of the toughened glass is 120min, and the annealing temperature is 450 ℃.

Placing the explosion-proof toughened glass obtained in the embodiments 1 to 3 at a low temperature of-10 ℃ for 40min, and then placing the explosion-proof toughened glass at a temperature of 200 ℃ for 100min, wherein the self-explosion phenomenon does not occur; meanwhile, any common explosion-proof glass in the market is placed at a low temperature of-10 ℃ for 40min, and then placed at a temperature of 200 ℃ for 100min, so that the self-explosion phenomenon is easy to occur.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The explosion-proof toughened glass is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-15 parts of polyimide, 10-12 parts of borax, 6-12 parts of glass fiber, 7-13 parts of aluminum oxide, 7-10 parts of sodium oxide, 8-15 parts of potassium oxide, 7-15 parts of lithium oxide, 7-13 parts of calcium oxide, 5-7 parts of potassium dichromate and 3-9 parts of styrene.

2. The explosion-proof toughened glass as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of silicon dioxide, 10 parts of polyimide, 11 parts of borax, 9 parts of glass fiber, 10 parts of aluminum oxide, 8 parts of sodium oxide, 12 parts of potassium oxide, 11 parts of lithium oxide, 10 parts of calcium oxide, 6 parts of potassium dichromate and 6 parts of styrene.

3. The explosion-proof toughened glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glass comprises 60 parts of silicon dioxide, 15 parts of polyimide, 10 parts of borax, 12 parts of glass fiber, 13 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 parts of sodium oxide, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 15 parts of lithium oxide, 7 parts of calcium oxide, 5 parts of potassium dichromate and 3 parts of styrene.

4. The explosion-proof toughened glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glass comprises 40 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of polyimide, 10 parts of borax, 12 parts of glass fiber, 7 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 parts of sodium oxide, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 15 parts of lithium oxide, 13 parts of calcium oxide, 7 parts of potassium dichromate and 9 parts of styrene.

5. The explosion-proof tempered glass as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the raw materials in parts by weight are uniformly mixed, melted into molten glass at the temperature of 1400 ℃, drawn to form toughened glass at the temperature of 900 ℃, and the toughened glass enters an annealing furnace for annealing treatment.

6. The explosion-proof tempered glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tempered glass has an annealing time of 120min and an annealing temperature of 400 to 500 ℃.