CN112317960A - Laser welding full process method based on ICME - Google Patents
Laser welding full process method based on ICME Download PDFInfo
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- CN112317960A CN112317960A CN202010999488.9A CN202010999488A CN112317960A CN 112317960 A CN112317960 A CN 112317960A CN 202010999488 A CN202010999488 A CN 202010999488A CN 112317960 A CN112317960 A CN 112317960A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
The invention discloses an ICME-based laser welding full process method, which comprises the following steps: a. calculating deposition amount according to the shape of the groove and the number of welding layers to obtain the diameter of the welding wire and the wire feeding speed; b. performing phase diagram calculation according to the service conditions of the component, the titanium alloy material database, the performance of the welding joint and the phase transformation behavior to obtain the components of the welding wire; c. establishing a finite element model of a welding structure according to the wire feeding speed and the components of a welding wire, selecting a laser welding heat source model, simulating a thermal field and a flow field for TC4 titanium alloy laser welding, and calculating different welding parameters; d. and e, carrying out test verification according to the process parameter set to realize the narrow-gap laser welding of the TC4 titanium alloy thin plate. The method can accurately design the process parameters such as the number of welding layers, the groove and the like, reduces the defects such as hot cracks and the like in the welding process, improves the process development efficiency and saves the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly relates to an ICME-based laser welding full process method.
Background
Integrated Computing Material Engineering (ICME) has been developed, and ICME is a new discipline proposed in the united states for developing new intelligent manufacturing techniques, which can effectively explore new Materials, change the component design and manufacturing process of existing Materials to meet the requirements of product design, explore new material potential as much as possible, optimize manufacturing processes, and further achieve the purposes of reducing cost, shortening development cycle, and reducing risks. The welding is used as a traditional and complex manufacturing process, physical and chemical changes and internal phase changes are involved in the heating and cooling processes, different room temperature structures are obtained, different mechanical properties are presented, the ICME and the welding process are combined, three factors including test, calculation and basic data are used, the structure changes and performance analysis in the welding process are researched, welding process parameters are optimized, and a set of titanium alloy laser welding process which is scientific, reasonable and meets service performance is explored efficiently and low in cost.
At present, the research on titanium alloy laser welding in China is not deep enough, and the research has great influence on the distribution of post-welding deformation and residual stress of a welded part by factors such as a large-size complex welding structure, a welding process, welding conditions and the like. Meanwhile, in the welding process, the defects of air holes, cracks, undercuts and the like are easily caused by improper control of welding parameters, the welding quality is seriously influenced, the optimal process parameters of the composite welding are explored only by experiments, the workload is huge, and manpower and material resources are consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an ICME-based laser welding full process method, which can accurately design process parameters such as the number of welding layers, grooves and the like, reduce the generation of defects such as hot cracks in the welding process, improve the process development efficiency and save the cost.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
An ICME-based laser welding full process method comprises the following steps:
a. calculating deposition amount according to the shape of the groove and the number of welding layers to obtain the diameter of the welding wire and the wire feeding speed;
b. performing phase diagram calculation according to the service conditions of the component, the titanium alloy material database, the performance of the welding joint and the phase transformation behavior to obtain the components of the welding wire;
c. establishing a finite element model of a welding structure according to the wire feeding speed and the components of a welding wire, selecting a laser welding heat source model, simulating a thermal field and a flow field for TC4 titanium alloy laser welding, and calculating different welding parameters;
d. selecting a process parameter group according to the welding parameters;
e. and (5) carrying out experimental verification according to the process parameter set to realize narrow-gap laser welding of the TC4 titanium alloy thin plate.
The welding wire has the components of ERTi-6Al-4V and the diameter of 1.2mm, and the chemical components are shown in figure 2.
In the step C, a TC4 titanium alloy finite element model with the thickness of 100 multiplied by 50 multiplied by 1.0mm is established in the welding structure finite element model, heat source checking is carried out according to the heat source model, calculation is carried out, and a calculation result is obtained, wherein the steps are as follows:
s1, as shown in figure 3, selecting a welding material, namely selecting a TC4 titanium alloy plate according to chemical components;
s2, selecting welding equipment, wherein the welding equipment is a KUKA robot KR30HA or IPG YLS-6000 type fiber laser;
s3, preparing before welding, wherein the thickness of the TC4 titanium alloy is 1.0mm, selecting a single-side welding forming process, not grooving a workpiece to be welded, and the distance between the workpiece to be welded and the groove is 0.8mm, finely polishing the position near the groove before welding, removing residual rust impurities on the surface of the sample, wiping and cleaning the sample by using acetone, and removing residual oil stains to ensure that the surface of the sample is clean;
s4, planning a welding path: the thickness and the groove size of the TC4 titanium alloy are designed to be single-layer and single-channel filled, and the welding track is straight-line through welding;
s5 and TC4 titanium alloy laser welding process parameter design: defocusing amount is +2mm, an arc welding gun inclination angle is 50 degrees, a light wire interval is 0, laser power is 800W, welding speed is 1.2m/min, wire feeding speed is 1.5m/min, and protective gas is 99.9% Ar and 20L/min.
In the step c, the welding parameters comprise weld penetration, a temperature field, stress strain and a molten pool flow field.
In the step d, the process parameters comprise the optimal groove form of the laser welding, the number of welding layers and the process parameters of each layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects.
1. The material information obtained by means of computer simulation is combined with performance analysis and process optimization of the product, so that adjustment of welding wire components, groove design, process parameter exploration and final product processing and manufacturing in laser welding are optimized into a whole, and the product research and development time and labor cost are greatly reduced. The welding wire components are designed according to the service performance requirement of the TC4 titanium alloy, an accurate welding heat source model is established by simulating narrow gap laser welding, a welding thermal field and a welding flow field are calculated, and process parameters such as the number of welding layers and grooves are accurately designed by combining stress strain in a service state, so that the defects such as hot cracks in the welding process are reduced, the process development efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.
2. The defects of overlarge heat affected zone and poor weld joint forming of the traditional welding process are effectively overcome; according to the design idea of ICME, welding wire components are designed through the service state of the TC4 titanium alloy, an accurate laser welding heat source model is established, and the optimal number of layers, groove forms and other process parameters are accurately solved aiming at the simulation of flow fields, temperature fields and tissues under different processes, so that the process development efficiency is greatly improved, the time and labor cost are saved, and the research and development period is shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a laser welding heat source model.
FIG. 2 is a table of the chemical composition of the ERTi-6Al-4V welding wire.
FIG. 3 is a table of chemical compositions of TC4 titanium alloy.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an ICME-based laser welding full process method includes the following steps:
a. calculating deposition amount according to the shape of the groove and the number of welding layers to obtain the diameter of the welding wire and the wire feeding speed;
b. performing phase diagram calculation according to the service conditions of the component, the titanium alloy material database, the performance of the welding joint and the phase transformation behavior to obtain the components of the welding wire;
c. establishing a finite element model of a welding structure according to the wire feeding speed and the components of a welding wire, selecting a laser welding heat source model, simulating a thermal field and a flow field for TC4 titanium alloy laser welding, and calculating different welding parameters;
d. selecting a process parameter group according to the welding parameters;
e. and (5) carrying out experimental verification according to the process parameter set to realize narrow-gap laser welding of the TC4 titanium alloy thin plate.
In the step C, a TC4 titanium alloy finite element model with the thickness of 100 multiplied by 50 multiplied by 1.0mm is established in the welding structure finite element model, heat source checking is carried out according to the heat source model, calculation is carried out, and a calculation result is obtained, wherein the steps are as follows:
s1, selecting welding materials, namely selecting a TC4 titanium alloy plate according to chemical components;
s2, selecting welding equipment, wherein the welding equipment is a KUKA robot KR30HA or IPG YLS-6000 type fiber laser;
s3, preparing before welding, wherein the thickness of the TC4 titanium alloy is 1.0mm, selecting a single-side welding forming process, not grooving a workpiece to be welded, and the distance between the workpiece to be welded and the groove is 0.8mm, finely polishing the position near the groove before welding, removing residual rust impurities on the surface of the sample, wiping and cleaning the sample by using acetone, and removing residual oil stains to ensure that the surface of the sample is clean;
s4, planning a welding path: the thickness and the groove size of the TC4 titanium alloy are designed to be single-layer and single-channel filled, and the welding track is straight-line through welding;
s5 and TC4 titanium alloy laser welding process parameter design: defocusing amount is +2mm, an arc welding gun inclination angle is 50 degrees, a light wire interval is 0, laser power is 800W, welding speed is 1.2m/min, wire feeding speed is 1.5m/min, and protective gas is 99.9% Ar and 20L/min.
In the step c, the welding parameters comprise weld penetration, a temperature field, stress strain and a molten pool flow field.
In the step d, the process parameters comprise the optimal groove form of the laser welding, the number of welding layers and the process parameters of each layer.
The material information obtained by means of computer simulation is combined with performance analysis and process optimization of the product, so that adjustment of welding wire components, groove design, process parameter exploration and final product processing and manufacturing in laser welding are optimized into a whole, and the product research and development time and labor cost are greatly reduced. The welding wire components are designed according to the service performance requirement of the TC4 titanium alloy, an accurate welding heat source model is established by simulating narrow gap laser welding, a welding thermal field and a welding flow field are calculated, and process parameters such as the number of welding layers and grooves are accurately designed by combining stress strain in a service state, so that the defects such as hot cracks in the welding process are reduced, the process development efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.
The defects of overlarge heat affected zone and poor weld joint forming of the traditional welding process are effectively overcome; according to the design idea of ICME, welding wire components are designed through the service state of the TC4 titanium alloy, an accurate laser welding heat source model is established, and the optimal number of layers, groove forms and other process parameters are accurately solved aiming at the simulation of flow fields, temperature fields and tissues under different processes, so that the process development efficiency is greatly improved, the time and labor cost are saved, and the research and development period is shortened.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. An ICME-based laser welding full process method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. calculating deposition amount according to the shape of the groove and the number of welding layers to obtain the diameter of the welding wire and the wire feeding speed;
b. performing phase diagram calculation according to the service conditions of the component, the titanium alloy material database, the performance of the welding joint and the phase transformation behavior to obtain the components of the welding wire;
c. establishing a finite element model of a welding structure according to the wire feeding speed and the components of a welding wire, selecting a laser welding heat source model, simulating a thermal field and a flow field for TC4 titanium alloy laser welding, and calculating different welding parameters;
d. selecting a process parameter group according to the welding parameters;
e. and (5) carrying out experimental verification according to the process parameter set to realize narrow-gap laser welding of the TC4 titanium alloy thin plate.
2. The ICME-based laser welding full process method of claim 1, wherein: in the step C, a TC4 titanium alloy finite element model with the thickness of 100 multiplied by 50 multiplied by 1.0mm is established in the welding structure finite element model, heat source checking is carried out according to the heat source model, calculation is carried out, and a calculation result is obtained, wherein the steps are as follows:
s1, selecting welding materials, namely selecting a TC4 titanium alloy plate according to chemical components;
s2, selecting welding equipment, wherein the welding equipment is a KUKA robot KR30HA or IPG YLS-6000 type fiber laser;
s3, preparing before welding, wherein the thickness of the TC4 titanium alloy is 1.0mm, selecting a single-side welding forming process, not grooving a workpiece to be welded, and the distance between the workpiece to be welded and the groove is 0.8mm, finely polishing the position near the groove before welding, removing residual rust impurities on the surface of the sample, wiping and cleaning the sample by using acetone, and removing residual oil stains to ensure that the surface of the sample is clean;
s4, planning a welding path: the thickness and the groove size of the TC4 titanium alloy are designed to be single-layer and single-channel filled, and the welding track is straight-line through welding;
s5 and TC4 titanium alloy laser welding process parameter design: defocusing amount is +2mm, an arc welding gun inclination angle is 50 degrees, a light wire interval is 0, laser power is 800W, welding speed is 1.2m/min, wire feeding speed is 1.5m/min, and protective gas is 99.9% Ar and 20L/min.
3. The ICME-based laser welding full process method of claim 1, wherein: in the step c, the welding parameters comprise weld penetration, a temperature field, stress strain and a molten pool flow field.
4. The ICME-based laser welding full process method of claim 1, wherein: in the step d, the process parameters comprise the optimal groove form of the laser welding, the number of welding layers and the process parameters of each layer.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114367734A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-04-19 | 黄山学院 | Optimized process method for friction stir processing modification of surface layer of self-adaptive plate |
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| CN105965179A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏科技大学 | Auxiliary programming system and method for hull welding technology |
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