CN112316093A - 一种外用敷贴液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种外用敷贴液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及中药制剂技术领域,更具体而言,涉及一种外用敷贴液及其制备方法。原料包括透骨草、威灵仙、羌活、羊角、独活、花椒、橘核、苏木、天麻、人参、牛膝、生姜、僵蚕、续断、红花、白芷、皂角、当归、辣椒;以透骨草、威灵仙、羌活、羊角、独活为君药,祛风除湿,温通经脉,散寒止痛,补充蛋白;以花椒、橘核、苏木、天麻、人参、牛膝、生姜、僵蚕、续断为臣药,温中散寒,助君药散瘀血,通经脉;以红花、白芷、皂角、当归为佐药,配合君臣药治疗兼证,行气活血止痛;以辣椒为使药,益气气血,祛风湿,壮筋骨,通经络之效,同时使引方中诸药直达病所。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药制剂技术领域,更具体而言,涉及一种外用敷贴液及其制备方法。
背景技术
风湿病是一组侵犯关节、骨骼、肌肉、血管及有关软组织或结缔组织为主的疾病,其中 多数为自身免疫性疾病。发病多较隐蔽而缓慢,病程较长,且大多具有遗传倾向。诊断及治 疗均有一定难度;血液中多可检查出不同的自身抗体,可能与不同HLA亚型有关;对非甾类 抗炎药(NSAID),糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂有较好的短期或长期的缓解性反应。
风湿性关节炎患者常常被关节痛所折磨,而且,还因关节痛使得生活质量下降。西医主 要采用镇痛消炎药、激素类药等来控制症状、稳定病情,可是所用药物大多副作用严重,使 不少病人望而生畏。迄今为止,并没有发现一种特效药物可以防止或显著减慢关节结构破坏 的进程。而手术治疗,由于适应症要求非常严格,临床上适合做手术的人群不足5%,而且存 在费用高,创伤大,恢复期长,易复发等特点,所以根本无法全面推广这种风湿性关节炎的 治疗方法。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中所存在的不足,本发明提供一种外用敷贴液及其制备方法。
一种外用敷贴液,由以下重量份原料组成:透骨草25-35份、威灵仙25-35份、羌活25-35 份、羊角25-35份、独活25-35份、花椒15-25份、橘核15-25份、苏木15-25份、天麻15-25 份、人参15-25份、牛膝15-25份、生姜15-25份、僵蚕5-15份、续断5-15份、红花5-15份、白芷5-15份、皂角5-15份、当归5-15份、辣椒150份、白酒(50-55度)18公斤。
一种外用敷贴液,由以下重量份原料组成:透骨草30份、威灵仙30份、羌活30份、羊角30份、独活30份、花椒20份、橘核20份、苏木20份、天麻20份、人参20份、牛膝 20份、生姜20份、僵蚕10份、续断10份、红花10份、白芷10份、皂角10份、当归10 份、辣椒150份、白酒(50-55度)18公斤
一种外用敷贴液的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、配料:透骨草30份、威灵仙30份、羌活30份、羊角30份、独活30份、花椒20 份、橘核20份、苏木20份、天麻20份、人参20份、牛膝20份、生姜20份、僵蚕10份、 续断10份、红花10份、白芷10份、皂角10份、当归10份、辣椒150份;
S2、将S1中各成分粗碎后加入纯粮高度酒内,在密闭无菌消毒环境室内常温浸泡55天;
S3、300目高密度过滤,取澄清液制得外用敷贴液。
与现有技术相比,本发明所具有的有益效果为:
本发明提供了一种外用敷贴液及其制备方法,原料包括透骨草、威灵仙、羌活、羊角、 独活、花椒、橘核、苏木、天麻、人参、牛膝、生姜、僵蚕、续断、红花、白芷、皂角、当 归、辣椒;以透骨草、威灵仙、羌活、羊角、独活为君药,祛风除湿,温通经脉,散寒止痛, 补充蛋白;以花椒、橘核、苏木、天麻、人参、牛膝、生姜、僵蚕、续断为臣药,温中散寒, 助君药散瘀血,通经脉;以红花、白芷、皂角、当归为佐药,配合君臣药治疗兼证,行气活 血止痛;以辣椒为使药,益气气血,祛风湿,壮筋骨,通经络之效,同时使引方中诸药直达 病所。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅 是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人 员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种外用敷贴液,由以下重量份原料组成:透骨草25-35份、威灵仙25-35份、羌活25-35 份、羊角25-35份、独活25-35份、花椒15-25份、橘核15-25份、苏木15-25份、天麻15-25 份、人参15-25份、牛膝15-25份、生姜15-25份、僵蚕5-15份、续断5-15份、红花5-15份、白芷5-15份、皂角5-15份、当归5-15份、辣椒150份、白酒(50-55度)18公斤。
一种外用敷贴液,由以下重量份原料组成:透骨草30份、威灵仙30份、羌活30份、羊角30份、独活30份、花椒20份、橘核20份、苏木20份、天麻20份、人参20份、牛膝 20份、生姜20份、僵蚕10份、续断10份、红花10份、白芷10份、皂角10份、当归10 份、辣椒150份、白酒(50-55度)18公斤
一种外用敷贴液的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、配料:透骨草30份、威灵仙30份、羌活30份、羊角30份、独活30份、花椒20 份、橘核20份、苏木20份、天麻20份、人参20份、牛膝20份、生姜20份、僵蚕10份、 续断10份、红花10份、白芷10份、皂角10份、当归10份、辣椒150份;
S2、将S1中各成分粗碎后加入纯粮高度酒内,在密闭无菌消毒环境室内常温浸泡55天;
S3、300目高密度过滤,取澄清液制得外用敷贴液。
所述外用敷贴液在使用时,取少许涂于塑料薄膜上,敷于人体疼痛处。
透骨草味甘、辛,性温。归肺、肝经。有祛风除湿,发汗解表,温通经脉,散寒止痛功效。解毒化疹,《灵秘丹药笺》曰:“疗热毒。”《杨诚经验方》选用本品,治肿毒初起。 《陕甘宁青中草药选》则用本品治阴囊湿疹,疮疡肿毒。故可思透骨草治疗疮癣肿毒,阴囊 湿疹,一般多煎水外洗。因本药外洗还有引药透入经络、血脉以及祛风、活血、止痛的特点。 舒筋活络,该品辛散温通,入肝经,而肝主筋。故该品具有舒筋活络之功效。对于外感风寒 之邪,经气失宣,症见肢体筋脉收缩抽急,不能舒转自如。可选用透骨草,祛风散寒,舒筋 活络治之。如《陕甘宁青中草药选》即选用该品,治筋骨拘挛。祛风除湿,该品辛温,辛能 行散,温胜寒湿。八肝经,故能祛风除湿,如《本草纲目》曰:透骨草“治筋骨一切风湿疼 痛挛缩。”若因风寒湿邪侵袭肢体经络而导致肢体疼痛,麻木,屈伸不利。可选用该品,祛 风散寒胜湿,病邪去,则诸症自愈。活血止痛,该品辛散温通,入肝经血分,故能活血止痛。 对于一身上下,心腹腰膝,内外各种疼痛,均可选用该品治之,取其辛温善走,活血利气之 功,血气通则不痛。
威灵仙味辛、咸,性温。归膀胱经。祛风除湿,通络止痛。本品辛散善走,温散通利,既能驱风除湿,更能通经畅络,故为除风湿止痛的常用药。以其利湿作用,可治风湿痹痛、外邪郁而不达、湿蕴热蒸的发黄,并能治鱼骨鲠喉。
羌活味辛、苦,温。入膀胱、经。解表散寒,祛风除湿,止痛。风寒感冒,头痛项强。 本品辛温发散,气味雄烈,善于升散发表,有较强的解表散寒,祛风胜湿,止痛之功。风寒 湿痹,肩背酸痛,本品辛散祛风、味苦燥湿、性温散寒,有较强的祛风湿,止痛作用,常与 其他祛风湿、止痛药配伍,主治风寒湿痹,肢节疼痛。
羊角味咸、辛,性寒。归肝经。山羊角的化学成分:盘羊角含多肽类,角蛋白,甾类。角 经酸水解后得到赖氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸、甘氨酸等多种氨基酸。
独活味辛、苦,性温。归肝、肾、膀胱经。辛散苦泄,气香温燥,既温燥寒湿,又辛散风寒湿邪,具祛风湿,止痹痛之效。凡风寒湿邪留侵于肌肉关节者,无问新久,均可应用, 尤以下部之痹证最为相宜。治疗肝肾两亏,气血不足之寒湿痹痛,两足痿痹不能行走,常配 桑寄生、防风、牛膝等祛风湿补肝肾之品,以标本兼治,如独活寄生汤。独活发散风寒湿而 解表。用治恶寒发热、无汗、头身重痛之风寒湿邪在表之证,常与羌活配用,如羌活胜湿汤。
花椒味辛,性温,归脾、胃、肾经。有温中散寒、健胃除湿、止痛杀虫、解毒理气、止痒祛腥的功效;可用于治疗积食、停饮、呃逆、呕吐、风寒湿邪所致的关节肌肉疼痛、脘腹 冷痛、泄泻、痢疾、蛔虫、阴痒等病症。
橘核味苦,性平。归肝、肾经。理气,散结,止痛。用于疝气疼痛,睾丸肿痛,乳痈乳癖。配木香本药味辛,性温,芳香而燥,为行气止痛的要药。《本草纲目》:“木香乃三焦气 分之药,能升降诸气”。二药相配,可直达厥阴肝经雨行气血,散寒湿,对于寒湿疝气,睾丸 肿胀之证,甚为合适。配山楂核,山楂核偏于助消化,磨积块,橘核可散结止痛,常用于治 疝气痛,两药相伍,散结止痛力量加强。配荔枝核,盐水炒橘核入下焦行气散结止痛;荔枝 核入肝经,行散滞气,一偏入气分,一偏入血分。两药合用,祛寒止痛,散结消肿,治疝气 疼痛,睾丸坠胀疼痛等症。
苏木味甘、咸、辛,性平。归心、肝、胃经。入血分,可散可降。活血祛瘀本品味咸人血,性主走散而偏于沉降,能散瘀血,通经脉,故常用于妇女血瘀所致诸病。凡血滞经闭、 痛经,产后瘀阻腹痛者,均可用本品酒煎服;或与红花、当归、川芎等同用,以活血散瘀, 通经止痛;若产后恶血内积,浊气上逆,血晕昏闷者,可单用煎汤加童便内服,如《陆川本 草》治血晕方;亦可与当归、肉桂、赤芍、香附等配伍,如《鸡峰普济方》苏木饮子;若产 后气虚,恶露不行,败血上攻于肺,气急喘促者,宜与人参相伍,以益气散瘀定喘,如《校 注妇人良方》二味参苏饮、《医方简义》人参苏木汤。现代有用本品治疗冠心病心绞痛者, 多与丹参、川芎、延胡索等合用。消肿止痛本品可散可降,色赤人血,既能破血行瘀,又能 消肿止痛,故为伤科之要药。凡跌扑损伤,瘀血肿痛者,常与乳香、没药、血竭、自然铜等 配伍,如《医宗金鉴》八厘散;亦可与刘寄奴、泽兰等煎汤熏洗伤处,以促进血行,消肿止 痛。凡热毒内郁,气血壅盛,而致痈肿疮毒者,可与木鳖子、金银花、白芷、大黄等同用, 如《医学正传》苏方木散。有祛风之功,常与羌活、独活、川芎、附子等配伍,治疗风中经 络,肌肤麻木,手足不遂者,如《经验方》苏木煎丸。
天麻味甘,性平。归肝经。熄风止痉,平抑肝阳。主治惊风抽搐,头痛眩晕,风湿痹痛, 肢体麻木,半身不遂。天麻为治肝风内动之要药。对于肝风内动,惊痫抽搐之证,因其性平, 故无论寒证,热证,皆可配用。用于小儿急惊,常与钩藤、羚羊角,全蝎等同用,如钩藤饮; 用于脾虚慢惊,常与人参、白术、僵蚕等同用,如醒脾散。亦可用于破伤风之痉挛抽搐、角 弓反张,常配合天南星、白附子等同用,如玉真散。天麻有良好的平抑肝阳功效。用于肝阳 上亢,头痛眩晕,可与钩藤、黄芩、牛膝等同用,如天麻钩藤饮。用于风痰上扰的眩晕,可与半夏、白术、茯苓等同用,如半夏白术天麻汤。用于偏正头痛、眼目昏花,可与川芎配伍 应用。天麻尚有祛风止痛之功,可用于风湿痹痛、肢体麻木、半身不遂、多与秦艽、桑寄生 等同用。
人参味甘、微苦,性平。归脾、肺、心经,具有大补元气、复脉固脱、补脾益肺、生津止渴、安神益智等功效,被誉为“百补之王”。主冶气血虚欲脱,肢冷脉微,脾虚食滞,肺虚 喘咳,津伤口干,内火解渴,病久虚羸,惊悸失眠,阳痿宫冷;心力衰竭,心原性休克。用 以胸闷气短喘促,心悸记忆减退,口干容易出汗,食滞乏力,一切急慢性病症及失血过多后 造成的休克、体力透支。大补气补血,举陷生津止渴,安神助眠。治虚损亏虚,食滞,怠倦, 恶心想吐吐食,排便滑泄,虚咳嗽促,盗汗暴脱,惊悸,记忆减退,眩晕头痛,阳痿,尿频 尿急,解渴,女性月经崩漏,小孩慢惊,及久虚不负,一切血气津液不足之证。
牛膝苦味酸,性平。归肝,经。牛膝功效:洫祛瘀,补肝肾,强筋骨,利水通淋,引血下行。主治:于经钚调,经,经,后瘀阻,跌打伤痛,腰膝酸痛,下肢乏力,小便不利,淋沥涩 痛,血,衄血,齿痛,口疮,头痛眩晕。
生姜味辛,性微温。归肺、脾经。发汗解表,温中止吐,温肺止咳。主治用于风寒表证, 胃寒呕吐,风寒咳嗽。生姜发汗解表,药力较缓和。用于风寒感冒轻证,民间常配伍红糖煎 汤趁热服;也可入辛温解表剂中作辅助药,以增强发汗作用。生姜善温胃止呕,有"呕家圣药 "之称。治胃寒呕吐或寒湿中阻所致的呕吐,常与半夏、藿香同用。若属胃热呕吐者,则可与 黄连、竹茹等清热呕药同用。生姜辛而微温,既发散风寒,又温肺止咳。用于风寒客肺、痰 多咳嗽,常与紫苏、杏仁等同用。能解生半夏、生南星及鱼蟹之毒,单用或配伍紫苏同用。水火灼伤,将生姜洗净捣烂绞汁,以药棉蘸姜汁敷于创面,疗效显著。
僵蚕味味咸,性平、辛;入肝、心、脾、肺四经。熄风止痉,祛风止痛,化痰散结。僵 蚕熄肝风止痉挛抽搐,且兼可化痰,故用于惊痫抽搐诸证。僵蚕味辛行散,又能祛外风止痉 挛抽搐,常用于风中经络之口眼斜,通常与全蝎、白附子等同用,方如牵正散;根据僵蚕祛 外风,散风热,止痛、止痒之功,也用于风热头痛、目赤、咽痛及风疹瘙痒,治肝经风热上 攻之头痛、目赤肿痛、迎风流泪,常与桑叶、木贼、荆芥等疏风清热药配伍,方如白僵蚕散; 用治风热上攻之咽喉肿痛、声音嘶哑者,可与桔梗、荆芥、甘草等同用,方如六味汤;治风 疹瘙痒可单用研末服,或与蝉蜕、薄荷等祛风止痒药同用。此外僵蚕味咸,能软坚散结,又 兼可化痰,还常与浙贝母、夏枯草、连翘等清热化痰散结药物同用,以治疗痰核、瘰疬。
续断味苦、甘、辛,性微温。归肝、肾经。补肝肾,行血脉,续筋骨。主治腰膝酸痛, 风湿痹痛,跌打损伤,骨折肿痛。补肝肾。,续断有补肝肾,壮筋骨功效,与杜仲同用治疗 腰肌劳损、骨质疏松、骨质增生、骨坏死和外伤后遗症,辨证为肝肾不足,风湿血脉阻滞之 腰背酸痛,腿膝酸冷,喜敲喜温者,常用能强壮体质,改善症状。煎汤服或浸酒服味苦,放 入红枣或甘草可改善口味。保护骨质,骨质疏松、骨质增生、骨坏死等均是骨质的器质性病 变。川断、杜仲虽然解决不了骨质的这些病变,但可以明显改善症状。中医虽然消除不了增 生的骨刺,但可通过针灸、推拿、中药、药酒、外敷等治疗方法,缓解局部酸痛,实际上是 解决了软组织的劳损、炎症、瘀血等问题。只要腰酸腰痛缓解了,病人的目的也就达到了。 生殖系统的影响,川续断浸膏、总生物碱及挥发油对未孕或妊娠小鼠子宫皆有显著的抑制收 缩作用。若充分排除其对患者和胎儿的毒性,川续断生物碱有望成为治疗早产、流产及痛 经的良药。
红花味辛,性温。归心、肝经。活血通经,散瘀止痛。用于:经闭,痛经,恶露不行, 癜瘕痞块,跌扑损伤,疮疡肿痛。
白芷性温,味辛,气芳香,微苦。祛风除湿;通窃止痛;消肿排脓。解表驱寒:白芷有较为温和的驱寒的能力,而且其本身辛散温通、止痛的效果也很好,所以经常用白芷来治疗风寒、鼻塞、流鼻涕、身体疼痛等病症。祛风止痛:白芷对缓解疼痛有很好的效果,对于牙 龈肿痛和头痛能够起到有效的治疗效果,也可以用来治疗眉棱骨头疼、阴阳头痛及头风痛等病症。排脓消肿:白芷有排脓消肿的功效,对于疮疡刚起、肿痛并且红肿的患者能够发挥很好的止痛消肿的作用,若脓肿的比较厉害还可和补血益气的药物一同使用。祛风止痒:白芷辛温香窜力强,上通九窍,常用于头面皮肤风痹燥痒及眼痒,对于风邪和湿邪造成的皮肤瘙痒能够起到治疗的功效。燥湿止带:白芷有燥湿止带的功效,对于妇人带下结合健脾除湿和温阳散寒药有很好的效果,但临证时很少以白芷为主治疗带下病。
皂角味辛,性温。归肺、大肠经。祛痰止咳,通窍开闭。主治咳喘胸闷,中风口噤,癫痫、喉痹。祛痰止咳:皂角能刺激胃黏膜而反射性的促进呼吸道黏液分泌,产生祛痰作用。在古代也是祛痰的重要药方之一,并且还能了止咳。抗菌杀菌:皂角对很多细菌、真菌有天然的抑制和杀菌的作用,不仅可以外用杀菌,也可以安全的作为内服杀菌药物。可治疗疮毒、 皮癣以及重度痤疮等疾病:皂角具有消肿排脓和祛风拔毒的作用,可治疗疮毒、皮癣以及重 度痤疮等疾病。使体内的毒素和废物尽快排出。同时也可以用来调节免疫系统的功能,抑制 过敏反应的发生。可治疗高血压、支气管哮喘、慢性胆囊炎:由于皂角中含有多种局部刺激 和杀菌作用,在医学上可以用来治疗高血压、支气管哮喘、慢性胆囊炎等等。
当归味甘、辛,性温。归肝、心、脾经。当归补血活血、温经止痛。用于虚寒腹痛,与桂枝、铜用,如当归建中汤;或与生姜肉同用,即当归生姜羊肉汤。用于血瘀肢体疼痛,与 丹参、没药等活血祛瘀药同用。用于跌打瘀肿疼痛,与桃仁、红花等同用。用于风湿关节痹 痛或肢体麻木,与羌活、桂枝等祛风湿、通经络药同用。当归有良好的补血作用。用于血虚 所致的面色萎黄、眩晕心悸,常与熟地黄、白芍等同用。用于虚溺的面色萎黄、气短乏力, 常与黄芪同用,即当归补血汤。当归有润肠通便之效。用知血虚肠燥便秘,常与肉苁蓉、火 麻仁同用。当归既善补血,又善活血止痛,为补血活血调经要药。又因其性温,故血虚、血 瘀兼有寒邪凝滞之证最为相宜。于经不调、痛经,常与川芎、的同用。用于血虚寒滞的痛经、 经闭,常与桂枝、茱萸等用,如温经汤。于血瘀经闭、痛经,与桃仁、红花等活血化瘀药同 用。当归甘温补血,能扶助正气,可活血消肿止痛。用于疮毒日久而身体虚赢者,与黄芪、 金银花等同用。用于疮疡久溃不敛,与黄芪、人参等同用。如用于痈疽红肿热痛,多与金银 花、穿山甲等清热解毒、消肿疗疮药同用,如仙方活命饮。
上面仅对本发明的较佳实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施例,在本领 域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化, 各种变化均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种外用敷贴液,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料组成:透骨草25-35份、威灵仙25-35份、羌活25-35份、羊角25-35份、独活25-35份、花椒15-25份、橘核15-25份、苏木15-25份、天麻15-25份、人参15-25份、牛膝15-25份、生姜15-25份、僵蚕5-15份、续断5-15份、红花5-15份、白芷5-15份、皂角5-15份、当归5-15份、辣椒150份、白酒(50-55度)18公斤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种外用敷贴液,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料组成:透骨草30份、威灵仙30份、羌活30份、羊角30份、独活30份、花椒20份、橘核20份、苏木20份、天麻20份、人参20份、牛膝20份、生姜20份、僵蚕10份、续断10份、红花10份、白芷10份、皂角10份、当归10份、辣椒150份、白酒(50-55度)18公斤。
3.一种外用敷贴液的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、配料:透骨草30份、威灵仙30份、羌活30份、羊角30份、独活30份、花椒20份、橘核20份、苏木20份、天麻20份、人参20份、牛膝20份、生姜20份、僵蚕10份、续断10份、红花10份、白芷10份、皂角10份、当归10份、辣椒150份;
S2、将S1中各成分粗碎后加入纯粮高度酒内,在密闭无菌消毒环境室内常温浸泡55天;
S3、300目高密度过滤,取澄清液制得外用敷贴液。
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