CN112315996A - 一种中草药提取液的工艺优化 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种中草药提取液的工艺优化，所述方法包括以下步骤：步骤1取金银花、甘草、胖大海和薄荷4种中草药除去碎石块等可见杂质,并进行烘干；步骤2分别称取一定量的烘干中草药至于容器中,并加入一定量的水搅拌,在一定时间一定温度下进行提取；步骤3之后使用3层纱布过滤混合物,除去中草药渣,得到滤液；步骤4将中草药渣置于离心杯中,在转速为5000 r/min条件下离心5 min,取上清液；步骤5将滤液和上清液在60℃下旋转蒸发后定容至1 g/mL,并过0.22μm滤膜除菌,密封4℃保存备用。该方法选取提取温度、液料比、提取时间为3个主要影响因素为研究对象，研究4种中草药提取液对3种供试菌的抑菌效果，选择最适宜提取条件。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物工程技术领域，涉及一种中草药提取液的工艺优化。
背景技术
近年来, 对于咽喉疾病这种疾病, 中药及中药复方制剂越来越受到关注, 目前市场上常见的清咽型产品大多是含片、清咽茶之类的产品, 而对于清咽润喉凉果的研究较少, 且主要是选用有清热利咽功效的水果原料, 如黄皮、李子、青果等。制成胖大海、金银花、薄荷、甘草 4 种中草药都属于药食同源物质, 是国家食品药品监督管理局已批准的具有清咽润喉功能的原料, 如果在凉果的制作过程中添加这些中草药的提取物, 将会赋予凉果较好的清咽润喉功效, 这种具有一定功能性的新型凉果休闲食品也是近几年的研究热点, 但目前这方面的相关研究还鲜见报道。因此, 本研究以金黄色葡萄球菌、乙型链球菌、肺炎双球菌为供试菌, 以抑菌圈大小为评价指标, 考察提取温度、料液比、提取时间对金银花、甘草、胖大海、薄荷 4种中草药提取液对 3 种供试菌的体外抑菌能力, 并采用正交实验优化其提取条件, 选择最适宜提取条件。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种中草药提取液的工艺优化，研究中草药提取液对3种供试菌的抑菌效果，选择最适宜提取条件。
本发明的方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1取金银花、甘草、胖大海和薄荷 4 种中草药除去碎石块等可见杂质, 并进行烘干；
步骤2分别称取一定量的烘干中草药至于容器中, 并加入一定量的水搅拌, 在一定时间一定温度下进行提取；
步骤3之后使用 3 层纱布过滤混合物, 除去中草药渣, 得到滤液；
步骤4将中草药渣置于离心杯中, 在转速为5000 r/min 条件下离心 5 min, 取上清液；
步骤5将滤液和上清液在 60 ℃下旋转蒸发后定容至 1 g/mL, 并过 0.22μm 滤膜除菌, 密封 4 ℃保存备用。
步骤2所述提取温度为70℃;步骤2中液料比为1：30g/ml。
下面将结合具体实施方式进一步说明本发明，但本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于下列实施方式。
具体实施方式：
实施例1
取金银花、甘草、胖大海和薄荷 4 种中草药除去碎石块等可见杂质, 并进行烘干；分别称取一定量的烘干中草药至于容器中, 并加入一定量的水搅拌, 金银花的提取温度 A依次为 60、70、80 ℃; 料液比为1:20g:mL; 提取时间为 3h。甘草的提取温度 A 依次为60、70、80 ℃; 料液比1:25g:mL; 提取时间为 4h。胖大海的提取温度 A 依次为 60、70、80℃; 料液比为 1:20g:mL; 提取时间为 3h。薄荷的提取温度 A 依次为 70、80、90 ℃; 料液比为 1:25g:mL; 提取时间为 3 h；之后使用 3 层纱布过滤混合物, 除去中草药渣, 得到滤液；将中草药渣置于离心杯中, 在转速为5000 r/min 条件下离心 5 min, 取上清液；将滤液和上清液在 60 ℃下旋转蒸发后定容至 1 g/mL, 并过 0.22μm 滤膜除菌, 密封 4℃保存备用。结果可见，随着温度的升高, 4 种中草药提取液的抑菌效果随着增高，但超过一定范围后则会下降, 中草药的抑菌活性成分对热比较敏感, 提取温度过高时, 会导致提取物中有效成分在高温下失活，在提取温度为 70 ℃时, 金银花、甘草、胖大海提取液的抑菌效果达到最大，薄荷提取液在提取温度为 90 ℃时抑菌效果最大。
实施例2
取金银花、甘草、胖大海和薄荷 4 种中草药除去碎石块等可见杂质, 并进行烘干；分别称取一定量的烘干中草药至于容器中, 并加入一定量的水搅拌, 金银花的提取温度为60℃; 料液比 B 依次为1:20、1:25、1:30 (g:mL); 提取时间为 3 h。甘草的提取温度为60 ℃; 料液比 B 依次为 1:25、1:30、1:35 (g:mL); 提取时间为 4 h。胖大海的提取温度为 60 ℃; 料液比 B 依次为 1:20、1:25、1:30 (g:mL); 提取时间为 3 h。薄荷的提取温度为 70 ℃; 料液比 B 依次为 1:25、1:30、1:35 (g:mL); 提取时间为 3 h；之后使用 3层纱布过滤混合物, 除去中草药渣, 得到滤液；将中草药渣置于离心杯中, 在转速为5000r/min 条件下离心 5 min, 取上清液；将滤液和上清液在 60 ℃下旋转蒸发后定容至 1g/mL, 并过 0.22μm 滤膜除菌, 密封 4 ℃保存备用。结果可见，在一定范围内, 料液比的增大有利于提高 4 种中草药提取液的抑菌效果。而金银花的料液比为 1:25 (g:mL), 甘草、胖大海和薄荷均为 1:30 (g:mL)时，抑菌效果最好。
实施例3
取金银花、甘草、胖大海和薄荷 4 种中草药除去碎石块等可见杂质, 并进行烘干；分别称取一定量的烘干中草药至于容器中, 并加入一定量的水搅拌, 金银花的提取温度为60 ℃; 料液比为1:20g:mL; 提取时间 C 依次为 3、4、5 h。甘草的提取温度 为 60 ℃;料液比为 1:25g:mL; 提取时间 C 依次为 4、5、6 h。胖大海的提取温度 为 60 ℃; 料液比为 1:20g:mL; 提取时间 C 依次为 3、4、5 h。薄荷的提取温度 为 70 ℃; 料液比为 1:25g:mL; 提取时间 C 依次为 3、4、5 h；之后使用 3 层纱布过滤混合物, 除去中草药渣,得到滤液；将中草药渣置于离心杯中, 在转速为5000 r/min 条件下离心 5 min, 取上清液；将滤液和上清液在 60 ℃下旋转蒸发后定容至 1 g/mL, 并过 0.22μm 滤膜除菌, 密封 4 ℃保存备用。结果可见，随着时间的增加, 4 种中草药提取液的抑菌效果先增加后降低。在提取时间为 4 h 时, 金银花和胖大海提取液的抑菌效果最佳在提取时间为 5 h时, 甘草和薄荷提取液的抑菌效果最佳。
Claims (3)
1.一种中草药提取液的工艺优化，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1取金银花、甘草、胖大海和薄荷 4 种中草药除去碎石块等可见杂质, 并进行烘干；
步骤2分别称取一定量的烘干中草药至于容器中, 并加入一定量的水搅拌, 在一定时间一定温度下进行提取；
步骤3之后使用 3 层纱布过滤混合物, 除去中草药渣, 得到滤液；
步骤4将中草药渣置于离心杯中, 在转速为5000 r/min 条件下离心 5 min, 取上清液；
步骤5将滤液和上清液在 60 ℃下旋转蒸发后定容至 1 g/mL, 并过 0.22μm 滤膜除菌, 密封 4 ℃保存备用。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，步骤2所述提取温度为70℃。
3.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，步骤2中液料比为1：30g/ml。
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| CN111544545A (zh) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-18 | 成都中医药大学附属医院 | 一种急性咽炎的中药制剂制备方法 |
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